Question 1: How did Francis Lubbock's actions affect Texas' history over the next four years? Give details to support you answer.
Answer:
Francis Richard Lubbock was the governor of Texas from 1861 to 1863. Francis Lubbock's tried to expand the industrial resources to activate the economy and he sold U.S. bonds that were acquired in 1850, because of the depleted treasure vault.
His actions affected Texas' history when he mobilized a frontier regiment of cavalry to combat a group of Indians. The relationship with the tribes wasn't good at all. He saw the use of whites in government contracting and cattle driving as wasteful so he encouraged their replacement with slaves to increase enlistment. Aliens residing in Texas were also made subject to the draft. He exempted frontier counties from the Confederate draft and enlisted their residents to be in local defense against Indian attack. Lubbock considered liable for military Which of the main reasons for secession was most important in Texas' decision to secede? Justify your reasonservice men from 16 to 60 years old.
Question 2: Which of the main reasons for secession was most important in Texas' decision to secede? Justify your reason
Answer:
Keeping people slaved was the primary goal of the state in joining the Confederacy: Independence without slavery, would be valueless for the Texans. Texas also issued a declaration of causes where they laid out the reasons for declaring secession. Some of these reasons included its solidarity with its "sister slave-holding States," the U.S. government's inability to prevent Indian attacks, slave-stealing raids, and other border-crossing acts of banditry.
Ownership of this new technology that was produced in Detroit on an assembly line increased drastically in the 1920’s A: a radios B: a airplanes C: a automobiles D: a scooters
The new technology produced in Detroit on an assembly line during the 1920s is option C) automobiles.
During the 1920s there was a rapid increase in car sales due to mass production techniques used by Henry Ford. The reasons why the car sales skyrocketed in the 1920s were high employment and economic power. Americans at the time had more money to spend on entertainment and luxury and cards came to raise the standards of living in American society after WWI.
After world war ll, USSR extended its sphere of influence into yugoslavia and Albania by
Stationing troops there for many years
Appointing the head of state in each nation
Giving Soviet leaders laical government jobs
Supporting the government already in place
Answer:
A) stationing troops there for many years.
Explanation:
After world war ll, USSR extended its sphere of influence into yugoslavia and Albania by: Stationing troops there for many years.
Who are stationing troops?Stationing troops are troop that are assign to stay permanently at a duty post.
After world war II the military were told to station there for many or several years so as to prevent further war.
Therefore the correct option is A.
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How does the CFA benefit people of Central African nations?
A. The CFA provides aid to nations in Central Africa.
B. The CFA makes loans to countries to aid in development.
C. The CFA countries use a common currency that promotes trade.
D. The CFA has established political stability in Central Africa.
C. The CFA countries use a common currency that promotes trade.
The CFA Franc (CFA) benefits the people of Central African nations primarily by providing a common currency that facilitates trade among these countries. This boosts their economy and indirectly aids in development. The CFA does not directly provide aid, loans, or political stability.
Explanation:The CFA Franc (CFA) significantly benefits the people of Central African nations in multiple ways. Primarily, CFA countries use a common currency that helps in easing trade among them by avoiding exchange rate hassles which is option C. Using a common currency typically results in more predictability and stability in economic transactions, helping businesses grow and thereby boosting the economy of Central African nations. This economic boost then indirectly aids in development, helping improve the lives of individuals in these nations. However, it should be noted that the CFA itself does not provide direct aid or loans to the countries, nor does it establish political stability.
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Evaluate the economic and political impact of the New Deal on America. Include both short term and long-term effects on America.
At the political level, the executive branch and the presidential cabinet strengthened their influence without tilting the country to the dictatorship. Roosevelt knew how to establish a direct link with the people by the numerous press conferences he had, but also by the use of the radio in his famous "Talks by the fireplace" and his many trips. The New Deal allowed a democratization of culture as well as the reconciliation of artists with society and its spirit permeated the country: cinema and literature were more interested in the poor and social problems. The Works Projects Administration came to launch numerous projects in the field of arts and literature, in particular with the five programs of the Federal Project Number One in favor of artists. The WPA allowed the realization of 1566 new paintings, 17 744 sculptures, 108 099 oil paintings and thus develop artistic education. But even in this field, the balance has to be qualified: although the American artists were maintained by public funds and acquired a national recognition, this cultural policy was interrupted by the Second World War and the subsequent death of Roosevelt. From the point of view of the New Deal agencies, the Public Works Administration, which spent 13 billion dollars in 1942, and used up to 3.5 million unemployed people in 1938, can also be cited. In addition to public services, we can mention 285 airports, 1 million kilometers of roads, 77,000 bridges and 122,000 public buildings in the seven-year period.
On the economic level, the situation was better at the beginning of World War II than in 1933: industrial production regained its level of 1929. Counting as "100" the situation of 1929, the GNP in constant prices was "103" in 1939 , «96» if the GNP / hab. However, unemployment was always maintained at a massive rate: 17% of the American workforce was unemployed in 1939, or 9.5 million people. However, they received an unemployment benefit, which represents a novelty in relation to the situation preceding the New Deal. The active population increased by 3.7 million people between 1933 and 1939. The New Deal also inaugurated a period of state interventionism in numerous sectors of the US economy: although there were no nationalizations, federal agencies developed their activities and employed more officials with university degree. The measures of the New Deal thus laid the foundations of the future American superpower.
In spite of everything, the New Deal did not return the prosperity of the 1920s, and in 1941, six million Americans were still waiting for a job. Full employment was not achieved before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, because just the entry of the United States into the war against the Axis generated a great stimulus for the heavy industry of the United States, one of the most extensive and diversified in the world, to be launched. to participate in the own effort of the war economy; the recruitment of troops and the demand of workers in the factories caused a revitalization of the economy that gradually reduced the number of unemployed. From the point of view of investment, the results were also regular: the opposition of the business circles to Roosevelt's action, and even their willingness to hinder the process, caused a drop in private investment, which the public could not compensate for. . However, the Roosevelt measures allowed to sustain the global demand, slowing down its fall. The economic recession of 1937 also played against Roosevelt, translating particularly by a 50% decrease in the value of the shares, and by a rise in unemployment that affected 11 million Americans that same year.
Answer:
The New Deal did result in expanded power for the federal government. It relieved the suffering of many people, struggling during the Depression's harshest years. It boosted the rights of workers to unionize and aided farmers by creating a program of price supports that remained in effect for decades. Many banking and finance reforms begun under the New Deal are still in action. Perhaps the longest-lasting New Deal programs are Social Security and the creation of the Tennessee Valley Authority.
In 2001, the value of technology stocks combined with events of terror to produce what economic effect?
A) a boom
B) recession
C) deflation
D) a depression
B. there was a recession in 2001. the GDP declined and economy was effected.
Answer:
B) recession
Explanation:
After the attacks of September 11, 2001, the US opted for market deregulation, tax and interest rate decreases and the expansion of credit, causing a housing bubble in the so-called subprime mortgages. To this we had to add the multimillion dollar expenditures in the war in Afghanistan and the war in Iraq6 that could cost from 2 trillion dollars to 6 trillion in total.
The Petition of Right and the Magna Carta ranked in importance on an equal basis for the rights of Englishmen.
A.True
B.False
This statement is true. The Petition of Right was signed by the King of England in 1215. Magna Carta (Great Character) was the first step in a history of English-speaking world considering human rights. It had a great influence back then, and it lead to the rule of constitutional law.
Who, besides Noah and Daniel, did the Lord identify in Ezekiel 14:14 as a righteous man?
a. David
b. Job
c. Solomon
d. Samuel
The answer is B) Job
Job was a righteous man at the eyes of the Lord due his devotion, he used to pray and give burnt offering constantly for sins forgiveness even for the sins of the whole family even for offences not committed yet making him a fearful man and out of the evil.
What is the difference between Prehistory and History?
I believe prehistory was the time before the humans (such as prehistoric times where there were dinosaurs) and historic times mean when humans were walking the earth
Answer:
Prehistory is the time before writing. While history is the time after writing.
Explanation:
These times in history are divided for research aspects.
What best describes the group of people who the us government forced into internment camps during world war ll
Japanese Americans were forced into internment camps during World War II, as a result of anti-Japanese prejudice and fear.
They were forced into the camps because of the fear that they would give information to the Japanese or attack the U.S. Suspicious of anyone of Japanese heritage, the government restricted the civil liberties of Japanese Americans. In February, 1942, President Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, which allowed the Secretary of War to designate certain areas as military zones. FDR's executive order set the stage for the relocation of Japanese-ancestry persons to internment camps. By June of 1942, over 100,000 Japanese Americans were sent to such internment camps.
Answer:
Japanese Americans
Explanation:just got it right on E2020
Which of these South Asian countries is an Islamic republic? A. Pakistan B. Bangladesh C. Sri Lanka D. Nepal
A)Pakistan, just google it , its easy lol
\
The answer will be A
James originally lived in_______ in the province of Galilee, and later moved to ______.
James originally lived in NAZARETH in the province of Gaililee, and later moved to JERUSALEM.
This is an excerpt from Secretary of State Marshall’s speech explaining his plan for European recovery,
June 5, 1947
I need to say that the world situation is very serious. . . . Europe must have a great deal of additional help,
or face heavy economic, social, and political damage. This would have a harmful effect on the world at
large. There are also possibilities of disturbances because of the desperation of the people concerned.
The effect on the economy of the United States should be clear to all. So the United States should do
whatever it can to help restore normal economic health to the world. Without this there can be no
political stability or peace. Our policy is directed . . . against hunger, poverty, desperation and chaos
[disorder]. Its purpose is to revive a working economy in the world.
Why did Secretary of State Marshall suggest this plan for European recovery?______________________
Secretary of State Marshall suggested his plan to help rebuild European economies after World War as a way of staving off political instability and poverty conditions, which would become breeding grounds for governments that would go against freedom.
Explanation/context:
The "Marshall Plan" was named after the man who then was US Secretary of State, George C. Marshall. Officially the plan was called the European Recovery Program. Marshall announced the plan in 1947, and it went into effect in 1948. The intent was to provide aid and rebuilding to European economies after the damaging effects of World War II.
In his speech introducing the plan, Secretary Marshall presented the plan as aid for any and all nations, saying : "Our policy is not directed against any country, but against hunger, poverty, desperation and chaos. Any government that is willing to assist in recovery will find full co-operation on the part of the United States. Its purpose should be the revival of a working economy in the world so as to permit the emergence of political and social conditions in which free institutions can exist." [I provided more context for the quote you had shown, to see more of his intent in the remarks.]
The view in the communist-controlled Eastern bloc was that the US was trying to use such a policy to spread its influence and threaten their patterns of government under communism. So the plan ended up building allies for the US in Western Europe, while the Eastern European countries sided with the Soviet Union. So it was an example of Cold War tactics of competition between the US and the USSR, apart from the use of military force.
Britain intercepted a secret message in 1917 in which Germany sought to
help Mexico improve its economy.
keep Russia from re-entering World War I.
help the Central Powers gain land in the United States.
keep the United States from entering World War I.
Best answer: keep the United States from entering World War I.
Explanation:
That maybe seems a counter-intuitive answer, because when the US found out about the Zimmermann Telegram, it drew the US into the war. But the idea behind the telegram was that Mexico would engage in war with the United States, which would keep US forces and funding occupied on its own continent and prevent them from jumping into the war in Europe.
Here is the decoded text of the telegram sent by German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann to the German ambassador to Mexico, Heinrich von Eckardt:
We intend to begin on the first of February unrestricted submarine warfare. We shall endeavor in spite of this to keep the United States of America neutral. In the event of this not succeeding, we make Mexico a proposal of alliance on the following basis: make war together, make peace together, generous financial support and an understanding on our part that Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. The settlement in detail is left to you. You will inform the President of the above most secretly as soon as the outbreak of war with the United States of America is certain and add the suggestion that he should, on his own initiative, invite Japan to immediate adherence and at the same time mediate between Japan and ourselves. Please call the President's attention to the fact that the ruthless employment of our submarines now offers the prospect of compelling England in a few months to make peace.Answer:
its D
Explanation:
The President has a wide variety of domestic powers. Some of these powers can be checked by Congress or the courts. Others can be used by the President to check Congress or the courts.
Pretend that you were one of the Framers of the Constitution.
What powers would you give the President? Think about the constitutional requirement that the President “take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed.” Write two powers that you would give the President if you were creating the Constitution.
He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court
I hope this helps
During new imperialism, the number of settlers increased a littledecreased greatlyincreased greatlyremained the same compared to old imperialism.
The answer is: Increased a Little.
During the New imperialism that stated between the end of 1800s and the beginning of 1900s, the increased their strength with several economic, political and religious reasons. The number of settlers increased due the growth of the natives and also some political reasons, the industrialized nations were willing to expand, their military forces were needed based all around the world in order to stock up of coal and supplies, they started handling international investments, The Suez Canal were formerly opened in 1869, the colonies were saw as a status mark for the countries, among other fact the influenced the age movement to increase the settlers.
Answer:
increased a little
What effect did Germany's unrestricted submarine warfare against Britain have on the balance of power in World War I? A. Britain ignored the submarine attacks and maintained its fight against Russia. B. Russia, initially an ally of Germany, switched sides to support Britain. C. The United States entered the conflict, siding with the Allied Powers against Germany. D. Britain aligned with the Central Powers against Germany.
Correct answer: C. The United States entered the conflict, siding with the Allied Powers against Germany.
Context/detail:
Public outrage in the US against the Germans swept the nation following the sinking of the British ocean liner, Lusitania, which had happened in May, 1915. When a German U-boat (submarine) sank the Lusitania, over 1,000 persons were killed, including more than 100 Americans. The passenger liner was targeted by the Germans because they suspected weapons were being shipped to Britain in the cargo hold of the ship.
Germany managed to stave off American entry into the war at the time by pledging to stop submarine attacks. But two years, later, beginning February 1, 1917, the Germans resumed such attacks. This poised America to go to war.
In addition, British intellegence intercepted and decoded a telegram (known as the "Zimmermann Telegram") that showed Germany was trying to secure Mexico as an ally against the United States. The revelation of this plan inflamed feelings in the United States. The telegram was sent in January, 1917. In March, 1917, German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann admitted the telegram was, in fact, sent by his office.
In April, 1917, the US declared war on Germany in response to the German's submarine warfare and the Zimmermann Telegram.
What happened in the South following the presidential election of Abraham Lincoln?
ANSWER ASAP
The South was very displeased with the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States in 1860. ... When he got the nomination from the anti-slavery Republican Party in 1860, the South was very concerned. The South had made up its mind. They believed Lincoln would end slavery.
Which ICS structure enables different jurisdictions to jointly manage and direct incident activities with a single incident action plan?
The Unified Command allows different jurisdictions to manage and direct activities with a single action plan together.
In the Incident Command System, it is authority, in which two or more individuals share the role of commanders of actions, each already have authority in a different agency to which it is responsible. This type of command is used when the simultaneous operation of multiple agencies and jurisdictions is required. A unique command allows agencies with different legal, geographic and functional areas to act effectively without affecting the authority of individual agencies.
Under a Unified Command, all activities are focused on a coordinated plan for an incident, and that plan governs all activities.
Answer:Unified command
Explanation:
Read the summary. Pope Innocent III called for a Crusade against European heretics (1). These Crusades were against fellow Christians because their interpretation of Christianity did not align with the official doctrines of the Catholic Church (2). Church doctrine forbids physical attacks against fellow Christians, so the Catholic Church hired Muslim mercenaries to carry out the Crusades (3). The news of the Catholic Church conspiring with Muslims resulted in the beginning of the Protestant Reformation (4). Which critiques the factual accuracy of the summary? While parts (1), (2), and (3) are accurate, part (4) needs revision. While parts (3) and (4) are accurate, parts (1) and (2) need revision. While parts (1) and (2) are accurate, parts (3) and (4) need revision. While parts (2), (3), and (4) are accurate, part (1) needs revision.
While parts (1) and (2) are accurate, parts (3) and (4) need revision.
Modern feminism has brought the reputation of the english writer mary wollstonecraft (1759-1797) to something approaching the luster it deserves. while she enjoyed a certain celebrity among political radicals in the years just after her death, beginning in the nineteenth century her fame as a writer was hidden by disproportionate attention to her unconventional and, at the time, shocking personal life. when, therefore, virginia woolf wrote in 1925 of wollstonecraft's a vindication of the rights of men and a vindication of the rights of woman that they felt like books so true that t
Mary Wollstonecraft with her work a vindication of the rights of women: with strictures on political and moral subjects, it is considered one of the first feminist philosophy literature works, where the author rejects the position sustained for educational and political theoretical from nineteenth century about women should not have access to education, and the author assures the women should receive a education according their position in society and because they are essential for the nation because they are not only wives, they are also husband´s pairs.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been tasked with monitoring and regulating air and water quality in the United States since the 1970s. Since its creation, air quality has significantly improved: Percent Change in Air Quality 1980 vs 2016 1990 vs 2016 2000 vs 2016 2010 vs 2016 Carbon Monoxide −85 −77 −61 −14 Lead −99 −99 −93 −77 Nitrogen Dioxide (annual) −62 −56 −47 −20 Nitrogen Dioxide (1-hour) −61 −50 −33 −15 Ozone (8-hour) −31 −22 −17 −5 This chart shows the change in levels of air-borne pollutants measured in various places throughout the United States. The negative numbers indicate the percentage of reduction in the measured pollutants. Why might the values to the right represent less significant change compared to the values at the left? Based on the information in the chart, what argument could be made for reducing regulations regarding air quality?
The fact that the left column has less significant change than the one on the right might be because of several factors. As the years pass by, the regulation of air pollutants has improved drastically. Air quality has shown great progress during years thanks to things such as 1-less use of toxic raw material or fuels, 2- less use of polluting industrial processes, 3- controlling transport-related emissions, 4-improvement of clean air technology center gadgets like mechanical collectors and fabric filters, 5- development of control and monitoring strategies.
These shows evidence that it has been a lot of change in the air quality results but the charts show less reducing regulations because there are fewer pollutants in the air. The levels of carbon monoxide, lead and nitrogen dioxide had dropped because there is less of it in the air so the "change" is less because there is less to be changed thanks to the improvement on air polluting regulations.
Answer:
1.Less of a time period, the easy/cheap/fast solutions to pollution might have been used early on in the history of the EPA.
2. Air quality has improved quite a bit since the founding of the EPA. Strict regulations are not as needed now.
Explanation:
Which ideas do the people in the cartoon represent? Select two options.
the use of the Internet for everything
the change from business to casual wear
the young age of internet users the benefits of shopping online
the shift of retail from storefronts to devices
Answers are A and E
comment to keep this up..Easy points
the use of the Internet for everything
the change from business to casual wear
the young age of internet users the benefits of shopping online
the shift of retail from storefronts to devices
Answers are A and E
The correct answers are A) the use of the internet for everything and E) the shift of retail from storefronts to devices.
The ideas that the people in the cartoon represent are “the use of the internet for everything and the shift of retail from storefronts to devices.”
The name of the cartoon is “Modern Window Shopping” by Nate Beeler. In the cartoon, you can see three people that are immersed in their mobile devices reading the phrase “open link in new window.” The woman in the middle holds a newspaper with a headline that says “Retail Store Closings.” So the ideas that the people in the cartoon represent are “the use of the internet for everything and the shift of retail from storefronts to devices.”
The Declaration of Independence was drawn up by:
1.)Benjamin Franklin
2.)Thomas Jefferson
3.)James Madison
the declaration of independence was drawn up by thomas jefferson
How did U.S. Economic policies contribute to the change in the gross national product from 1927 to 1934?
The years prior to 1929 were affluent and optimistic; there was a general belief that stock markets would continue to grow indefinitely, and speculation was rampant. Nevertheless, this was not the case, and a great economic crash occurred in October 29, 1929, also known as Black Tuesday. Billions of dollars were lost. It marked the beginning of the great economic downfall known as “The Great Depression”, that lasted until 1939.The president of the United States, Franklin D. Roosevelt, created multiple agencies and promoted public policies to address the problem of poverty and unemployment. To sum up, there was an initial era of total deregulation (the 20s), followed by a great economic depression, which led to interventionist policies and the final recovery of the American economy.
The economic policies implemented by the U.S. government during the Great Depression contributed to a decline in the gross national product from 1927 to 1934.
Explanation:The economic policies implemented by the United States government contributed to the change in the gross national product from 1927 to 1934 during the Great Depression. These policies included raising tariffs on imported goods through the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1930, which caused a decrease in international trade. Additionally, the government pursued a contractionary monetary policy, which tightened the money supply and reduced investment and consumer spending. These policies, along with other factors, led to a significant decline in the gross national product during this period.
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Which area did the hebrews flee from in the Exodus?
Answers:
Canaan
Mesopotamia
Egypt
The israelites departed from Egypt during Exodus
Answer: the answer is Egypt people
Explanation:
hope this helps and it is right btw i took test
When was RootBeer made?
1876
Pharmacist Charles Elmer Hires was the first to successfully market a commercial brand of root beer.
Hey there!
The RootBeer began in the year 1875 when it was made from sassafras.
Hope this helped.
Some historians call World War I the first industrial war. Several new technologies were developed for warfare. One of the most destructive new weapons used in World War I was
Answer I would suggest: POISON GASES (chemical weapons)
The three gases that caused the most chemical weapons injuries and deaths during World War I were:
Chlorine gas - which strongly affects eyes, nose, throat and lungs. If hit with a high enough dose, a person could die of asphyxiation.Phosgene - much more deadly than chlorine gas, and also colorless and odorless, so victims wouldn't know they were affected till it was too late. After being exposed, victims lungs would start to fill with fluid and they would slowly suffocate over a couple days' time.Mustard gas - which would cause blistering of the skin and extreme irritation to the eyes. Mustard gas caused the highest amount of injury casualties from chemical weapons in World War I by the effects it caused, even if it did not directly kill many.political parties and interest groups: how do they influence our political decisions?
Political parties and interest groups influence our political decisions Lobbying, Advertising, Educating and campaigning a lot of political goals.
Political parties as well as interest groups are often made up of people who share similar views on governance and policy and band together to accomplish their policy objectives. Members in a political party, on the other hand, are in or aim to be in government, whereas members of an interest group try to influence persons with the authority to enact, develop, or change policy. Politicians affiliated with political parties strive to be well-represented in legislative bodies such as Congress, and when they have a majority of members, they are often able to achieve their policy objectives with relative ease.
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PLEASE HELP ASAP!!! CORRECT ANSWERS ONLY PLEASE!!!
What message is the artist trying to convey about US expansionism in 1900?
A. Thinks that America should share countries with other European allies
B. Thinks that America is unconcerned about the independence of other nations
C. Believes that America is acting in the best interests of the world
D. Believes that it is best for America to grow its power and influence
The correct answer is either A or B Expansion means becoming bigger keep that in mind.
Which option most accurately identifies British actions that were major causes of the War of 1812?
A. establishing diplomatic relations with the Confederacy, violating the terms of the Treaty of Paris, and invading the Louisiana Territory
B. arming Canadians to attack American forts along the US/Canadian border, allowing British merchant ships to seize American cargo, and allying with the French
C. censuring President Monroe in Parliament, blockading American trade with Spain, and pushing Native American tribes into US territories
D. seizing American ships, impressing American sailors, and arming Native Americans in the Northwest Territory
Hello! It's been a while, but I read a college level book about the War of 1812, I am going to answer truthfully. If I'm correct, may I please have brainliest! If im incorrect, please comment!
Answer:
A. Establishing diplomatic relations with the confederacy, violating the terms of the Treaty of Paris, and invaded the Lousiana Territory.
Answer:
D. seizing American ships, impressing American sailors, and arming Native Americans in the Northwest Territory
Explanation:
The Anglo-American War of 1812, also known as the Anglo-American War or War of 1812, was a conflict that pitted the United States against the United Kingdom and its Canadian colonies that developed between 1812 and 1815. Clashes took place by land and by sea.
At a time when the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland had to endure a great war effort to confront Napoleonic France, on June 18, 1812 the United States declared war on it in order to invade the Canadian territories. belonging to the British Empire. These had been populated for forty years by English speakers and maintained numerous cultural and commercial relations with the United States.
Among other causes of the war are the restrictions on trade imposed by the United Kingdom because of the war it maintained in Europe against France, the forced recruitment of US merchant sailors to serve in the Royal British Navy and British support for indigenous peoples of North America that opposed the expansion of the United States.