1. Protons and neutrons have the same charge.
Protons have positive charge, equal to [tex]e=+1.6\cdot 10^{-19} C[/tex], while neutrons have zero charge.
2. mass number
The mass number of an atom is equal to the sum of protons and neutrons inside its nucleus.
3. Atoms are made up of smaller particles.
According to Dalton's theory, atoms are the smallest particles that make matter, and they are indivisible and indestructible, so they are NOT made up of smaller particles.
4. a solid sphere
In Dalton's theory, atoms are not made of smaller particles, so we can think them as solid spheres.
5. J. J. Thomson
In his experiment with cathode ray tubes, JJ Thomson demonstrated the existance of the electrons, which are negatively charged particles inside the atom. In his model of the atom (plum-pudding model), Thomson thought the atom consists of a uniform positive charge and the electrons are located inside this positive charge.
6. An electron has the same amount of energy in all orbitals.
In fact, each orbital corresponds to a different energy level: the farther the orbital from the nucleus, the higher the energy of the electrons contained in that orbital.
7. A hydrogen atom in heavy water has an extra neutron.
Heavy water is a type of water that contains deuterium, which is an isotope of the hydrogen consisting of one proton and one neutron (so, one extra neutron).
8. The glowing beam was always deflected by charged plates
In his cathode's ray tube experiment, Thomson shows that the beam of unknown particles (= the electrons) were deflected by charge plates, so the particles had to be also electrically charged.
9. electrons move to a lower energy level
When electrons move from a higher energy level to a lower energy, they emit a photon (light) of energy equal to the difference in energy between the two energy levels.
10. orbital
In quantum mechanics, electrons in the atom are not precisely located, since we cannot determine their exact position and velocity at the same time. Therefore, we can only describe regions of space where the electrons have a certain probability to be found, and these regions of space are called orbitals.
11. 14
According to Dalton's theory, the proportions of the reactants must be respected in order to form the same compound. Therefore, we can write:
[tex]2 g: 4 g = X : 28 g\\X=\frac{2 g \cdot 28 g}{4 g}=14 g[/tex]
12. negative charge, found outside the nucleus
Electrons are particles with negative charge of magnitude [tex]e=-1.6\cdot 10^{-19}C[/tex] that orbit around the nucleus. The nucleus, instead, consists of protons (positively charged, with charge opposite to the electron) and neutrons (neutrally charged).
13. move from higher to lower energy levels
When electrons move from a higher energy level to a lower energy inside a neon atom, they emit a photon (which is light) whose energy is equal to the difference in energy between the two energy levels.
14. atomic number from its mass number
In fact:
- the atomic number of an atom (Z) is equal to the number of protons inside the nucleus
- the mass number of an atom (A) is equal to the sum of protons+neutrons inside the nucleus
Therefore, we can find the number of neutrons in the nucleus by calculating the difference between A and Z:
Number of neutrons = A - Z
15. None of them
None of these examples is a good analogy to describe the location of an electron in an atomic orbital: in fact, the position of an electron in an orbital cannot be precisely described, we can only describe the probability to find the electron in a certain position, and none of these example is an analogy of this model.
Answer:
What experimental evidence did Thomson use to support his hypothesis that atoms are made up of even smaller, charged particles?
Identical particles were produced no matter which metal he used. Gradpoint ! just took test.
Which statement represents how charges interact?
Negative charges are attracted to negative charges.
Neutral charges are attracted to neutral charges.
Opposite charges are not attracted to each other.
Positive charges are attracted to negative charges.
Please Help!
What is the average velocity of the particle from rest to 15 seconds?
A.) 1.1 meters/second
B.) 1.2 meters/second
C.) 1.3 meters/second
D.) 1.4 meters/second
Answer : The correct option is, (D) 1.4 meters/second
Solution :
Average velocity : It is defined as the displacement per unit time.
Formula used for average velocity :
[tex]v_{av}=\frac{d}{t}[/tex]
where,
[tex]v_{av}[/tex] = average velocity
d = displacement of the particle
t = time taken
Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get the average velocity of the particle.
[tex]v_{av}=\frac{(21-0)m}{15s}=1.4m/s[/tex]
Therefore, the average velocity of the particle is, 1.4 meter/second.
How many photons per second are produced by an infrared lamp that consumes energy at the rate of 85.0 w and is 18 % efficient in converting this energy to infrared radiation? assume that the radiation has a wavelength of 1530 nm ?
A parallel-plate capacitor has a plate area of 0.2 m2 and a plate separation of 0.1 mm. to obtain an electric field of 2.0 × 106 v/m between the plates, the magnitude of the charge on each plate should be
The magnitude of the charge on the plates of a parallel-plate capacitor necessary to establish an electric field of 2.0 x 10^6 V/m, with an area of 0.2 m^2 and plate separation of 0.1 mm, would be 4 x 10^5 C.
Explanation:In relation to your question about a parallel-plate capacitor, the electric field (E) between the plates is proportional to the surface charge density, which is defined as the charge (Q) on each plate divided by the area (A) of the plate. By determining the charge on each plate, we use the equation E = Q/A. We can rearrange this equation to find the charge Q = E x A. Substituting the given values: Q = 2.0 x 106 V/m x 0.2 m2, gives us a result of Q = 4 x 105 C. Therefore, to obtain an electric field of 2.0 x 106 V/m between the plates of a parallel-plate capacitor, with a plate area of 0.2 m2 and a plate separation of 0.1 mm, the magnitude of the charge on each plate should be 4 x 105 C.
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The magnitude of the charge on each plate of the capacitor should be 3.54 µC.
To determine the magnitude of the charge on each plate of a parallel-plate capacitor given the electric field and other parameters, follow these steps:
Given:
Plate area [tex](\( A \))[/tex] = 0.2 m²Plate separation [tex](\( d \))[/tex] = 0.1 mm = 0.1 × 10⁻³ m = 0.0001 mElectric field [tex](\( E \))[/tex] = 2.0 × 10⁶ V/mFormulae:
1. Electric Field Relation:
The electric field [tex]\( E \)[/tex] between the plates of a capacitor is given by:
[tex]\[ E = \frac{V}{d} \][/tex]
where [tex]\( V \)[/tex] is the voltage across the plates and [tex]\( d \)[/tex] is the separation between the plates.
Rearranging to find [tex]\( V \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ V = E \times d \][/tex]
Substituting the given values:
[tex]\[ V = 2.0 \times 10^6 \, \text{V/m} \times 0.0001 \, \text{m} = 200 \, \text{V} \][/tex]
2. Capacitance:
The capacitance [tex]\( C \)[/tex] of a parallel-plate capacitor is given by:
[tex]\[ C = \frac{\varepsilon_0 A}{d} \][/tex]
where [tex]\( \varepsilon_0 \) (the permittivity of free space) is \( 8.854 \times 10^{-12} \, \text{F/m} \)[/tex].
Substituting the given values:
[tex]\[ C = \frac{8.854 \times 10^{-12} \, \text{F/m} \times 0.2 \, \text{m}^2}{0.0001 \, \text{m}} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ C = \frac{1.7708 \times 10^{-12} \, \text{F}}{0.0001} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ C = 1.7708 \times 10^{-8} \, \text{F} = 17.7 \, \text{nF} \][/tex]
3. Charge:
The charge [tex]\( Q \)[/tex] on the capacitor is given by:
[tex]\[ Q = C \times V \][/tex]
Substituting the capacitance and voltage:
[tex]\[ Q = 17.7 \times 10^{-9} \, \text{F} \times 200 \, \text{V} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ Q = 3.54 \times 10^{-6} \, \text{C} = 3.54 \, \text{µC} \][/tex]
what is the weight in pounds of a 7.0 kilogram bowling ball on earth's surface
Explanation:
It is given that,
Mass of the bowling ball, m = 7 kg
We need to find the weight in pounds of 7 kg bowling ball in pounds. Firstly, we need to find the relationship between kilogram and pound. It is as follows :
1 kilograms = 2.204 pounds
The given mass of 7 kilograms can be converted to pounds by using the unitary method as :
[tex]7\ kilograms=(7\times 2.204)\ pounds[/tex]
7 kg = 15.428 pounds
Hence, the weight of bowling ball is 15.428 pounds. Hence, this is the required solution.
What is the equivalent resistance in a parallel circuit that has the following three resistors: 6.8 ohms, 9.0 ohms, and 15.0 ohms? . A.. 10.3 ohms. B.. 30.8 ohms. C.. 3.08 ohms. D.. 0.80 ohms. E.. 12.8 ohms
The being water held back by a dam possesses which type of energy? A) nuclear energy B) chemical energy C) potential energy D) kinetic energy
Answer: C. potential energy.
Explanation:
C. potential energy.
Water being held back by a dam will immediately rush through once the dam is removed. This is proof of the potential energy possessed by the water.
The being water held back by a dam possesses potential energy.
option C is the correct answer.
What is total energy ?
Total energy of any object under consideration is the sum of potential energy (P.E) and kinetic energy (K.E) and is constant throughout the motion. for example the ball is having maximum potential energy and zero kinetic energy at some finite height and as it is released its K.E increases and is maximum at ground position and P.E decreases and is zero at ground zero level position to have total energy same through out the motion of ball.
It should be noted that :
The energy possessed by a body by virtue of its motion is known as kinetic energy and the energy possessed by a body due to its position or configuration is known as potential energy.
Here, the water being held back by a dam possesses some potential height which implies that water is having Potential energy due to position of water placed away from ground level.
Therefore, water held back by a dam possesses potential energy.
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True or false cold air can hold more moisture than warm air
According to our theory of solar system formation, why did uranus and neptune end up to be much less massive than jupiter and saturn?
Investigations were carried out in a science lab to explore the topic of chemical and physical changes.
Investigation A
Step 1. Add 5 tsp. salt to 100 ml warm water and stir until most or all of the salt is no longer visible.
Step 2. Heat the salt solution on a burner until only a white solid remains.
Investigation B
Step 1. Mix 10 tsp. white sugar into 100 ml water and stir until most or all of the sugar is no longer visible.
Step 2. Heat the sugar solution on a burner until the solution thickens and turns brown.
Answer:
To help Jaywon and all others out there, the answer is D
Explanation:
Jaywon and I both took the test and that is the answer.
An archer shoots an arrow at a 75.0 m distant target; the bullâs-eye of the target is at same height as the release height of the arrow. (a) at what angle must the arrow be released to hit the bullâs-eye if its initial speed is 35.0 m/s? in this part of the problem, explicitly show how you follow the steps involved in solving projectile motion problems. (b) there is a large tree halfway between the archer and the target with an overhanging horizontal branch 3.50 m above the release height of the arrow. will the arrow go over or under the branch?
The archer's problem is a projectile motion question in physics, where the release angle and trajectory concerning an obstruction must be calculated using the range and maximum height formulas, considering the given initial conditions of speed and distance.
The question involves calculating the angle of release for an arrow to hit a target located at a certain distance, as well as considering the arrow's trajectory relative to an obstruction. This is a common projectile motion problem in physics.
Part (a): Finding the Release Angle
To solve for the angle, we can use the equation for the range of a projectile: R = (v²×sin²(θ)) / g, where R is the range (75.0 m), v is the initial velocity (35.0 m/s), g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.80 m/s^2), and θ is the angle of release. We rearrange the equation to solve for θ and find that there are two possible angles that satisfy the equation because of the sin(2θ) term.
Part (b): Checking if the Arrow Clears the Branch
To determine if the arrow goes over or under the branch, we need to calculate the maximum height (H) of its trajectory. Using the formula H = (v²×sin²(θ)) / (2g), we find that the maximum height of the trajectory depends on the angle of release. With proper substitution and solving, we can determine whether the arrow will clear the 3.50 m high branch.
a 60 kg student in a rowboat on a still lake decides to dive off the back of the boat. The studen'ts horizontal aceleration is 2.0 m/s2 while in contact with the boat. What horizontal force does the student exert on the boat?
a 30N toward the back of the boat
b 120 n toward the front of the boat
c 30 n toward the front of the boat
d 120 n toward the back of the boat
Answer:
Your answer would be b 120 n toward the front of the boat
Explanation:
I took this test and got this correct, here's proof
Hope you get a good grade, from a fellow comrade
a car climbs 10.0 kilometers up a hill that inclines 8.0 degrees. what is the car's vertical displacement.
When 108 g of water at a temperature of 22.5?
A car goes from rest to a speed of 90 km/h in 10 seconds . What is the car's acceleration in m/s²
Which quantum numbers must be the same for the orbitals that they designate to be degenerate in a many-electron system?
Emission of light from an atom occurs when the electron:
Answer: this happens when the atom drops from a higher to a lower energy level
Explanation:
The emission of light from an atom occurs when an electron is from a higher to a lower energy level.
What are electrons?
Electrons are negatively charged particles. Atom is the smallest particle of the molecule. Atoms have positively charged particles called protons. The negatively charged particle is called electrons.
The neutral particle is called the neutron. Electrons rotated in the valence shell. The electrons which are in the last shell are called the valence shell. The electrons in the valence shell move from the last shell to the second shell and then emits energy.
Absorption is the process by which an atom transitions from its ground state to an excited state by absorbing energy from its environment.
After absorbing the energy, the electron advances to a higher energy state. Up the opposite process, called emission, the electron releases the excess energy it had taken in and goes back to its ground state.
Therefore, The emission of light from an atom occurs when an electron is from a higher to a lower energy level.
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Challenge: a hammer is dropped on planet x. if the hammer has a mass of 3 kg and a weight of 9 n, what is the gravitational acceleration of planet x and is it more or less than that of earth?
Answer:
Gravitational acceleration at planet x will be [tex]g=3m/sec^2[/tex]
Acceleration due to gravity on planet x will be less than acceleration due to gravity on earth
Explanation:
We have given mass of the hammer m = 3 kg
And weight of the hammer at planet x = 9 N
We know that weight of the body is given by [tex]W=mg[/tex]
[tex]9=3\times g[/tex]
[tex]g=3m/sec^2[/tex]
So gravitational acceleration at planet x will be [tex]g=3m/sec^2[/tex]
As we know that acceleration due to gravity on earth is [tex]9.8m/sec^2[/tex]
So acceleration due to gravity on planet x will be less than acceleration due to gravity on earth
A 10.0 kg block on a table is connected by a string to a 63 kg mass, which is hanging over the edge of the table. assuming that frictional forces may be neglected, what is the magnitude of acceleration of the block when the other block is released?
Answer:
8.45m/s^2
Explanation:
a = m2g / m1+m2
63 + 10 = 73 kg
63*9.8 / 73 = 8.45m/s^2
The magnitude of the acceleration of the block when the other block is released would be 8.466 m/s²
What is Newton's second law?Newton's Second Law states that The resultant force acting on an object is proportional to the rate of change of momentum.
The mathematical expression for Newton's second law is as follows
F = ma
As given in the problem A 10.0 kg block on a table is connected by a string to a 63 kg mass, which is hanging over the edge of the table. assuming that frictional forces may be neglected,
The force responsible for the motion is only due to the hanging mass of 63Kg because of the gravitational pull of the earth
F = mg
= 63×9.81 N
=618 N
the acceleration would be the same for both the block as both are connected by a string
a = F/(m₁+m₂)
a = 618/(63+10)
a = 8.466 m/s²
Thus , The magnitude of the acceleration of the block when the other block is released would be 8.466 m/s²
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A roller coaster car travels through a loop in 3.1 s with a centripetal acceleration of 26 m/s^2. What is the radius of the roller coaster loop?
A. 6.3 m
B. 20 m
C. 25 m
Answer:
The radius of the roller coaster loop is 6.3 m.
Explanation:
It is given that,
Time taken by roller coaster, t = 3.1 s
Centripetal acceleration, [tex]a_c=26\ m/s^2[/tex]
Velocity in a circular path is given by :
[tex]v=\dfrac{2\pi r}{t}[/tex]
Centripetal acceleration, [tex]a_c=\dfrac{v^2}{r}[/tex]
So, acceleration, [tex]a_c=\dfrac{4\pi^2r}{t^2}[/tex]
[tex]r=\dfrac{a_ct^2}{4\pi^2}[/tex]
[tex]r=\dfrac{26\times 3.1^2}{4\pi^2}[/tex]
r =6.3 m
So, the correct option is (A) " r = 6.3 m". Hence, this is the required solution
Answer:
r = 6.32 meters
Explanation:
Given that,
The centripetal acceleration acting on the roller coaster, [tex]a_c=26\ m/s^2[/tex]
Time taken by the car, t = 3.1 s
The centripetal acceleration act on an object when it moves in circular path. Its formula is given by :
[tex]a_c=\dfrac{v^2}{r}[/tex]
v is the velocity of car, [tex]v=\dfrac{2\pi r}{t}[/tex]
[tex]a_c=\dfrac{(\dfrac{2\pi r}{t})^2}{r}[/tex]
On rearranging above equation,
[tex]r=\dfrac{a_ct^2}{4\pi ^2}[/tex]
[tex]r=\dfrac{a_ct^2}{4\pi ^2}[/tex]
[tex]r=\dfrac{26\times (3.1)^2}{4\pi ^2}[/tex]
r = 6.32 meters
So, the radius of the roller coaster loop is 6.3 meters. Hence, this is the required solution.
The gravity of Neptune is about 1.1 times the gravity of earth. How will the mass of an object on Neptune compare with its mass on earth
How long does it take the ball to reach its maximum height? answer in units of s?
Which steps are important when designing and conducting a scientific experiment?
Answer:
Identify the independent variable and address any confounndations variables
Explanation:
What fact does Einstein's equation E = mc2 describe?
Which statement best represents scientific laws? (2 points) Scientific laws are statements that contain scientists' opinions of how the world works. Scientific laws are factual statements that explain why certain natural phenomena occur. Scientific laws are theories that have been tested, proven, and adopted as laws. Scientific laws are descriptions of observed phenomenon generally accepted as facts.
Final answer:
OPTION D.
The best representation of scientific laws is that they are factual descriptions of observed phenomena in nature, often expressed through mathematical equations and supported by extensive scientific evidence.
Explanation:
The statement that best represents scientific laws is D. Scientific laws are descriptions of observed phenomena generally accepted as facts. Unlike scientific theories, which provide explanations for phenomena, scientific laws describe the patterns we observe in nature and are often expressed concisely, typically through mathematical equations. A scientific law uses concise language to describe a generalized pattern in nature that is supported by scientific evidence and observed through repeated experiments. An example would be Newton's second law of motion, represented by the equation F = ma, which describes the relationship between force (F), mass (m), and acceleration (a).
The pressure required for metamorphism can be generated by
Ganymede is one of the many moons of Jupiter. It is nearly spherical in shape. It is larger than the planet Mercury and slightly smaller than the planet Mars. If it is so large compared with the bodies around it, why is it called a moon and not a planet?
Answer:
C. It moves in an orbit around Jupiter.
Explanation:
You are driving on a slippery road, and have stopped at an intersection. when you pull away from the intersection, your vehicle starts to skid sideways. you should?
Answer
You should still ensure you are steering straight in the direction of skidding.
Take your foot off the brake unless you are about to hit something. steer in the direction of the skid to straighten your car.
Answer:
Steer your car sideways to the direction of the skid.
Explanation:
Skids happen because the tires of your car don´t have enough traction with the floor, this creates for a slippery situation where the car has no controllable direction, you should not break, but instead try and move the tires in the direction of the skid and then re-gain control of the car.
5000 j of heat are added to a system. it does 3500 j of work on the surroundings. what is δe in j?
Final answer:
The change in internal energy (ΔE) of the system is 1500 J, calculated using the first law of thermodynamics with the given 5000 J of heat added to the system and 3500 J of work performed by the system.
Explanation:
When considering the first law of thermodynamics, the change in internal energy (ΔE) of a system is determined by the heat added to the system (Q) and the work done by the system on the surroundings (W). The relationship is given by the equation ΔE = Q - W.
In this scenario, the system receives 5000 J of heat and performs 3500 J of work on its surroundings. Applying the first law, we can calculate the change in internal energy:
ΔE = Q - W = 5000 J - 3500 J = 1500 J
Therefore, the change in the system's internal energy is 1500 J.
Which of the examples below is an example of convection? A) rubbing your hands together. B) heating a fish tank. C) basking in the sun. D) striking a match.
the right answer is heating a fish tank.