a. carbohydrate c. protein
b. lipid d. nucleic acid


____ 1. fats, oils, waxes, and steroids


____ 2. insulates and makes the phospholipid bilayer

____ 3. made of C, H, and O in a 1:2:1 ratio


____ 4. made of amino acids

____ 5. made of long chains of C and H bonded together

____ 6. made of C, H, N, and O

____ 7. DNA and RNA


____ 8. basic unit has an R group as one of its components to determine its traits


____ 9. basic unit is a nucleotide


____ 10. made of simple sugars (end in “ose”)

Organisms such as algae are described as producers, autotrophs, or phytoplankton. Herbivorous fish are known as herbivores, primary consumers, or grazers. Small carnivorous fish are called secondary consumers, predators, or small piscivores, while large carnivorous fish are termed tertiary consumers, apex predators, or large piscivores.

Three terms used to describe organisms such as algae include producers, autotrophs, or phytoplankton when they are free-floating. These terms indicate that algae are capable of producing their own food through photosynthesis and are essential components of aquatic food webs.

Herbivorous fish can be described with terms such as herbivores, primary consumers, or grazers. These terms suggest that these fish feed primarily on plant material, such as algae or aquatic plants, to obtain their energy and nutrients.

Small carnivorous fish could be described as secondary consumers, predators, or small piscivores. These fish consume smaller organisms, often other fish or aquatic invertebrates, as their primary food source.

Large carnivorous fish can be labeled as tertiary consumers, apex predators, or large piscivores. Such descriptors indicate these fish are at the top of their food chain and prey on other fish or large aquatic fauna.

The correct answer is phosphorous but occurs in the form of a phosphate. ATP stands for Adenosine Triphosphate. 

ATP is composed of three components.  At the center of the molecule is found ribose, a sugar molecule which is the very same sugar that forms part of RNA. To one side of ribose is attached a base known as adenine. This base belongs to a group of molecules made of linked rings of both carbon and nitrogen atoms.

To the other side of ribose is attached a string of phosphate groups which are key to the energy carrying activities of ATP.

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The key component of the energy molecule ATP is phosphorus (option B)

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the energy currency of all living cells. ATP consists of three constituents: adenine, ribose and three phosphate groups.

Phosphate groups contain phosphorus, which serves as an element, for storing energy in the form of chemical bonds. It's important to note that ATP does not include sodium, chlorine or sulfur, in its composition.

With the information provided above, we can infer that phosphorus is a key component of the energy molecule ATP (option B)

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Complete question:

Which is a key component of the energy molecule ATP? A. sodium B. phosphorus C. chlorine D. sulfur

b. spread out from one pole and curve around to the other.

The correct option is b.

The following information should be considered:

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d) Grasses are not similar to succulents because they lack adaptations like fleshy leaves for storing water. Grasses can tolerate extreme temperatures, are widely distributed, and include many important grains. They primarily use wind pollination to reproduce.

The statement that is not true about grasses is that d)  they are similar to succulents. Grasses are not similar to succulents because succulents have evolved to survive in arid environments with features like thick, fleshy leaves and shallow roots to store water and reduce transpiration.

Grasses are significant in terms of pollination since they primarily rely on wind pollination to reproduce. They produce large amounts of fine pollen transported by the wind, facilitating wide distribution and stability of the species.

Adult fungi and plants share characteristics like being sessile, having stem-like and root-like structures, and being multicellular eukaryotes. Both can reproduce asexually and sexually. However, fungi are heterotrophic and have cell walls made of chitin, whereas most plants are autotrophic and have cellulose-based cell walls.

Adult fungi and plants share some characteristics due to their historical classification together, although fungi are now known to be more closely related to animals. Both fungi and plants are generally sessile, meaning they largely stay in one place, and they both have structures that can be considered stem-like and root-like, with fungi having a mycelium in the soil similar to root systems in plants.

Moreover, both fungi and plants are multicellular eukaryotes, signifying they have complex cellular structures with a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. In terms of reproduction, some fungi can reproduce both asexually and sexually, similar to plants who have a life cycle alternates between a multicellular haploid organism and a multicellular diploid organism.

However, it's essential to note key differences. Fungi are heterotrophic, absorbing nutrients from their environment, while most plants are autotrophic, producing their own food via photosynthesis. Furthermore, the cell walls of fungi are primarily composed of chitin, while plants' cell walls are made of cellulose.

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Answer:

The presence of a nucleus

Explanation:

Living organisms have been classified into a large group called DOMAIN. The basis of this classification is the possession or not of a membrane-bound housing that encloses the organism's genetic material. This housing is called NUCLEUS. Based on this, organisms were either classified as EUKARYOTES or PROKARYOTES.

Eukaryotic organisms, in addition to the possession of other membrane-bound cellular organnelles, possess a membrane bound nucleus that surrounds their genetic material. Prokaryotic organisms do not have these membrane-bound nucleus, instead their genetic material is found naked in a region of their cytoplasm called NUCLEOID.

Cyanobacteria all live in aquatic environments and use photosynthesis to make their own food. Additionally, all cyanobacteria belong to the larger class of bacteria, which is one of the largest groups of organisms. Most cyanobacteria are unicellular, and they typically live in large colonies.

Answer: Cyanobacteria also known as blue green algae , they make their food by the process of photosynthesis.

Explanation: features of Cyanobacteria :-

Photosynthesis in Cyanobacteria is because of the presence of  two pigments green pigment chlorophyll and blue pigment phycobilins. They found in aquatic and terrestrial habitat. They are adapted to live in extreem conditions.

They do not have membrane bound nucleus and other organells.

The reason is because the cells are unable to replace and lack DNA and cell organelles such as nucleus, ribosomes and mitochondria which are crucial for protein synthesis, assembly and repair.  

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Final answer:

Red blood cells cannot replace damaged proteins because they lack the necessary organelles for protein synthesis, leading to a range of complications including anemia. In particular, sickle cell anemia results from a mutation in hemoglobin that alters the shape of RBCs and causes premature breakdown, as well as various health issues.

Explanation:

Red blood cells (RBCs) have a limited lifespan and are unable to replace damaged proteins due to a lack of organelles that are essential for protein synthesis. When myeloid stem cells are defective or overtaken by cancer, insufficient RBCs are produced, leading to anemia. Specific diseases, like sickle cell anemia, cause the production of abnormal hemoglobin (HbS), where valine is substituted for glutamic acid. This mutation leads to the sickle shape of red blood cells, causing them to clump in blood vessels and subsequently break down prematurely, leading to a shortage of RBCs. This results in symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and growth problems in children.

Oxidatively damaged proteins are usually degraded by the proteolysis process; however, when extensively oxidized, these can become resistant to break down and interfere with cellular functions. In sickle cell anemia, abnormal hemoglobin forms fibers, distorting RBCs into a crescent shape, which obstructs blood flow and causes significant health issues. Moreover, RBCs may also be destroyed during conditions like transfusion reactions or erythroblastosis fetalis.

A cell is a unit of life It includes features from all cell types. A cell consists of three parts: the cell membrane, the nucleus, and, between the two, the cytoplasm. Within the cytoplasm lie intricate arrangements of fine fibers and hundreds or even thousands of miniscule but distinct structures called organelles.

Answer: People did not feel it was necessary to preserve them they saw them serving no purpose.

Explanation:

Answer:

Option D, the sugars produced in photosynthesis are broken down in cellular respiration

Explanation:

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are connected in a way that product of one is used as reactant in the other one. Here, the products of photosynthesis are used in cellular respiration. The glucose and oxygen produced during photosynthesis are used in cellular respiration to produce carbon dioxide and oxygen. Both the processes uses ATP as a source of energy

Hence, option D is correct

The time of death for the man is estimated to be a few hours before his body was found at 8 a.m., possibly within a 2-6 hour timeframe based on the observed onset of rigor mortis and the body temperature of 34.4 degrees Celsius, as the body cools post-mortem. Further forensic evidence would be needed for a more precise determination.

Estimating the time of death for the na ked male corpse found at 8 a.m. on Tuesday, July 9, can be approached by considering several forensic factors including body temperature (the post-mortem interval), rigor mortis, and livor mortis. The body temperature noted was 34.4 degrees Celsius, which is lower than the average normal body temperature of 37.0 degrees Celsius.

In general, after death, the body temperature falls by about 1-1.5 degrees Celsius per hour under normal conditions. However, the exact rate can be influenced by factors such as environmental temperature, the deceased's clothing, and body composition. Given that some stiffness was observed in the face and eyelids, we can infer the onset of rigor mortis, which typically begins within 2-6 hours post-mortem and is fully developed by approximately 12 hours. The absence of livor mortis suggests that the body may have been discovered fairly soon after death.

Combining these observations with known scientific data about normal body temperature ranges allows us to hypothesize that the man's death occurred a few hours before his body was found, potentially within a range of 2-6 hours prior to discovery given the onset of rigor mortis. However, this estimation can vary based on environmental conditions and the individual's specific circumstances at the time of death. It is important to note that while these methods can provide an estimate, they are not exact and should be corroborated with additional forensic evidence for a more accurate determination.

Answer: Conclusion

Explanation:

A hypothesis can be define as presupposed statement for the cause of natural processes based on few evidences. This is required to be tested by scientific methodology.

Conclusion is the description of the findings of the experiment. It will describe the fact that the output of the experimentation was not related to the set hypothesis or not answerable for scientific question or vice versa.

Conclusion is the correct option. As the data obtain cannot justify the hypothesis. It is depicting the outcome of the experiment.

A tetrad is a structure that forms during meiosis I, consisting of two sets of sister chromatids. It allows for the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, contributing to genetic variation in offspring.

A tetrad is a structure that forms during meiosis, the process of cell division that produces haploid cells such as sperm and egg cells. Specifically, a tetrad refers to two sets of sister chromatids that come together during meiosis I.

During meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair up and undergo a process called synapsis. This pairing results in the formation of a tetrad, which consists of two homologous chromosomes, each consisting of two sister chromatids. The sister chromatids within each homologous chromosome are identical because they are replicated copies of the same chromosome.

The formation of a tetrad allows for the exchange of genetic material between the homologous chromosomes through a process called crossing over. Crossing over occurs when sections of DNA are swapped between the non-sister chromatids of the homologous chromosomes. This genetic recombination contributes to genetic variation in offspring.

After crossing over and genetic recombination have occurred, the tetrad undergoes separation during meiosis I. This results in the formation of two haploid cells, each containing one set of sister chromatids. These haploid cells are then further divided during meiosis II to produce four haploid cells, each containing a single set of chromosomes.

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Biology is an interdisciplinary study that encompasses everything from cellular biology to global ecosystems, often intersecting with other scientific fields as demonstrated by the study of the Zika virus and efforts to address medical and environmental challenges.

Biologists might investigate elements from the cellular level to the complexity of entire ecosystems and the planet as a whole. This intertwining with various other disciplines is evident through the daily news, where we frequently encounter topics such as outbreaks of Escherichia coli in spinach, efforts to cure AIDS, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer, and global initiatives to combat environmental and climate issues.

A practical example of biology's interdisciplinary nature is the study of the Zika virus, which illustrates how biology, epidemiology, and public health converge. During the Zika virus outbreak, understanding the biology of the virus was essential not only for developing a vaccine but also for advising public health initiatives and creating models to predict and curtail the spread of the virus.

Answer:

Isogametes

Explanation:

Gametes or sex cells are cells produced by sexually reproducing organisms used in their process of reproduction. Gametes produced by a male and female parent of the same species can either be morphologically similar or different i.e. in size and shape. Gametes that are similar in size and shape are generally called ISOGAMETES.

Isogametes have no structural distinction as opposed to their anisogametes counterpart i.e. both male and female are structurally identical. This kind of gametes are produced in some fungi and algae species. When isogametes fuse, the process is regarded as ISOGAMY.

Answer:cat

Explanation: