All annelids and arthropods have

Answer: Microevolution happens on a small scale, while macroevolution happens on a scale that transcends the boundaries of a single species. Despite their differences, evolution at both of these levels relies on the same, established mechanisms of evolutionary change: mutation.

Explanation: brainliest please

Microevolution refers to small-scale changes within a species over a few generations, usually driven by processes like mutation, migration, genetic drift, and natural selection. Macroevolution refers to large-scale changes over geologic time that often result in new species or extinction.

The concepts of microevolution and macroevolution both refer to changes occurring in species over time, but they occur at different scales. Microevolution refers to the changes in allele frequencies in a population over time. These changes usually happen over a few generations and are often driven by processes like mutation, migration, genetic drift, and natural selection. For example, a bacteria population might evolve resistance to a particular antibiotic due to favoring the survival of individuals with resistant mutations.

Macroevolution, on the other hand, refers to larger-scale changes that occur over geologic time, often resulting in the emergence of new species (speciation), or extinction of existing ones. For instance, the evolution of mammals from a common mammalian ancestor is an example of macroevolution.

So, summarily, microevolution focuses on changes within species, while macroevolution studies the patterns and processes of species themselves over time.

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Answer: Blood carries the oxygen through out the body and gets re-oxygenated to keep the body going.

Answer: C Blood delivers oxygen and glucose to cells.

Explanation: Blood plays a very important role before cellular respiration. The blood provides oxygenated blood for the aerobic processes that takes place during cellular respiration. Glycolysis, link reaction, Kreb's Cycle and Electron Transport Chain are all the aerobic process of Cellular respiration that requires oxygen.

Answer:

In nature, limiting factors affecting population sizes include how much food and/or shelter is available, as well as other density-dependent factors. Density-dependent factors are not relevant to populations that are below "carrying capacity," (i.e., how much life a habitat can support) but they start to have to become noticeable as populations reach and exceed that limit. The degree of control imposed by a density-dependent factor correlates to population size such that the effect of the limitation will be more pronounced as population increases. Density-dependent factors include competition, predation, parasitism and disease.

Competition

Habitats are limited by space and resource availability, and can only support up to a certain number of organisms before reaching their carrying capacity. Once a population exceeds that capacity, organisms must struggle against one another to obtain scarce resources. Competition in natural populations can take many forms. Animal communities compete for food and water sources whereas plant communities compete for soil nutrients and access to sunlight. Animals also vie for space in which to nest, roost, hibernate, or raise young, as well as for mating rights.

Predation

Many populations are limited by predation; predator and prey populations tend to cycle together, with the predator population lagging somewhat behind the prey population. The classic examples of this are the hare and the lynx: as the hare population increases, the lynx has more to eat and so the lynx population can increase. The increased lynx population results in more predatory pressure on the hare population, which then declines. The drop in food availability in turn causes a drop in the predator population. Thus, both of these populations are influenced by predation as a density-dependent factor.

Parasitism

When organisms are densely populated, they can easily transmit internal and external parasites to one another through contact with skin and bodily fluids. Parasites thrive in densely packed host populations, but if the parasite is too virulent then it will begin to decimate the host population. A decline in the host population will in turn reduce the parasite population because greater distance between host organisms will make transmission by more difficult.

Disease

Disease is spread quickly through densely packed populations due to how close organisms are to one another. Populations that rarely come into contact with one another are less likely to share bacteria, viruses and fungi. Much like the host-parasite relationship, it is beneficial to the disease not to kill off its host population because that makes it more difficult to for the disease to survive.

An example of a density-dependent factor are diseases and competition, as these are the factors that are dependent on population density, such as when there is a high population, then these change, and vice versa.

The competition is very significant for the population, as if the place has a lower population and a less dense area but has high resources, then the individuals in that area will have enough resources to live without any competition, resulting in less competition. When a high-population area has limited resources, there is intense competition, which leads to the death of some individuals and the loss of a gene pool.

Hence, an example of a density-dependent factor are diseases and competition, as these are the factors that are dependent on population density, such as when there is a high population, then these change, and vice versa.

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Answer:

B. it is any medium

Explanation:

A wave is traveling through X. Here, X can be any medium. Therefore, option B is correct.

A wave is an energetic disturbance in a medium that doesn't include any net particle motion. Elastic deformation, a change in pressure, an electric or magnetic intensity, an electric potential, or a change in temperature are a few examples.

In most cases, the impact of winds on the ocean's surface is what generates waves. The ocean's surface water particles are driven downward by winds. Once more, water vapor rises above the surface.

There are mainly two types of waves and that are longitudinal and transverse waves. They travel through a medium. Thus, a wave is traveling through X. Here, X can be any medium. Therefore, option B is correct.

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Answer:

Expmple

Nightcrawlers. Nightcrawlers remain a great bait for all cats, sometimes unequaled for channel cats. ...

Explanation:

monohybrid crossdihybrid crosshomozygous crossheterozygous cross The term which describes the mating of organisms that have different homozogous alleles for a single trait is monohybrid cross . The 'mono' refers to the singular trait while 'hybrid' refers to the crossing of two different parents.

Answer:

Following heat shock or electroporation, transformed cells are cultured in antibiotic-free liquid medium for a short period to allow expression of antibiotic resistance gene(s) from the acquired plasmid to begin (Figure 5). This step improves cell viability and cloning efficiency.

Final answer:

Cells need time to recover after a heat shock to refold misfolded proteins with the help of heat shock proteins (HSP), ensuring proper cell function and survival.

Explanation:

Cells need time to recover after a heat shock because the increase in temperature can damage proteins, causing them to misfold. Heat shock proteins (HSP) are a class of chaperones that aid in refolding these damaged proteins. When cells are exposed to high temperatures, they activate these heat shock proteins by releasing them from the NR/HSP complex and increasing the transcription of HSP genes. The recovery period allows these proteins to repair and refold misfolded proteins, ensuring that the cell maintains proper function and avoids the accumulation of damaged proteins which could lead to cell death.

In the wake of a heat shock, cells enter a lag period where they may need to synthesize RNA, enzymes, and other essential metabolites to adapt to environmental changes and repair any damage incurred. This is crucial for cell survival as continued stress without the chance to recover can result in cell death.

Answer:

-immigration is likely to result in a sudden rise in population that far exceeds the carrying capacity.

Answer:

C. immigration

Explanation:

Answer:

Meteorologists created the station model to fit a number of weather elements into a small space on weather maps. This allows map users to analyze patterns in atmospheric pressure, temperature, wind speed & direction, cloud cover, precipitation, and other parameters.

Answer:

For body color 75% of the fruit flies are dominant for the trait

For Eye color 75% of the flies are dominant for this trait

Answer:

9:16, 3:16, 3.16, 1:16

Explanation: on edge

Answer:

Explanation:

Water freezes into ice heats up and boils to steam

Answer:

Substances can change state, usually when they are heated or cooled.

The closeness, arrangement and motion of the particles in a substance change when it changes state.

If water turns to gas, (for example steam) the particles move more freely with each other and if it turns to solid (ice) the particles are packed more closely together.

To change into gas, water needs to be heated and to change into a solod water needs to be freezed

Explanation:.

Insulin and glucagon are hormones that help regulate the levels of blood glucose, or sugar, in your body. Glucose, which comes from the food you eat, moves through your bloodstream to help fuel your body.

Insulin and glucagon work together to balance your blood sugar levels, keeping them in the narrow range that your body requires. These hormones are like the yin and yang of blood glucose maintenance. Read on to learn more about how they function and what can happen when they don’t work well.

Answer:

The Muscular and Skeletal systems work together to help the body move and keep a shape.

Answer:

The Circulatory System and the Nervous system

Explanation:

I realize this question has already been answered, but if anyone wants more than one, I'm here to help!

The nervous system keeps the heart beating, as well as regulating other things, like letting the body know when the circulatory system is damaged. In return, the brain is kept alive with a lot of blood being pumped up there by the heart, despite gravity pushing it down.

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In sediment layer 5, more iridium was produced by space objects and dumped by local factories is likely to happened.

Sediment rocks are formed from pre-existing rocks or pieces of once-living organisms. They form from deposits that accumulate on the Earth's surface. Sedimentary rocks often have distinctive layering or bedding.

Sediment rocks are formed on or near the Earth's surface, in contrast to metamorphic and igneous rocks, which are formed deep within the Earth. The most important geological processes that lead to the creation of sedimentary rocks are erosion, weathering.

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The increase in Iridium levels in sediment layer 5 is likely due to an asteroid impact because iridium is primarily found in asteroids.

Based on the provided information, it is likely that the higher levels of iridium found between layers 5 and 6 are due to an asteroid impact. Iridium is a substance primarily found in asteroids and other space objects. An increase in iridium levels in a specific sediment layer would suggest an influx of material from space, such as an asteroid strike. Therefore, the spike in iridium does not align with the scenarios of a volcanic eruption, more iridium being produced locally or the formation of a dust cloud.

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Answer a:

In the case of growth hormone, it activates the STAT5 signaling pathway. Therefore, initially, as the hepatocytes sense growth hormone, they imitate the STAT 5 pathway, which after some time maintains a steady rate.

In the addition of insulin, it activates Protein kinase B pathway initially.

Answer b:

The dependent variable in the experiment is the level of STAT 5 and protein kinase B proteins. Those proteins are depending upon the independent variables growth hormone and insulin. A negative control should be the addition of the same amount of water into hepatocytes, which will give no effect to the protein levels.

The researcher wants to identify short and long term effects of both hormones in terms of whether the signaling pathway interacts with each other or not and to identify the steady-state of the signaling pathway. That is why the researcher run the experiment for 240 minutes.

Answer c:

Insulin and protein kinase B interaction is the greatest and most prolonged response as is seen in the graph. Protein kinase B level reached to 100 after 30 minutes as insulin added while the level remained to near 80 even after 240 minutes.

The level of STAT 5 at the 10th minute = 100

The level of STAT 5 at 30th minute = 35

From 10 to 30 minutes, the level of STAT 5 = 100 – 35

From 10 to 30 minutes, the level of STAT 5 = 65

Duration = 30 – 10 minutes

Duration = 20 minutes

Rate of decrease = 65/20

Rate of decrease = 3.25 levels/min

Answer d:

The claim by the researcher is supported because of the known functions of insulin and growth factors. Both hormones have a tendency to respond to the presence of glucose. The growth hormone initiates STAT5 signaling for producing the Igf-1 factor that is important for utilizing glucose. The insulin hormone is well known for utilizing glucose.

The life cycle of a white wagtail starts from mating, laying of eggs, hatching, fledgling stage, and finally adulthood. As they mature, they develop distinctive markings and undergo annual migrations. The change of climate is vital for maintaining a constant body temperature and survival.

The life cycle of a white wagtail, like other birds, begins with mating and the laying of eggs. The parents take care of the eggs, which will then hatch into hatchlings. The hatchlings, still dependent on their parents, continue to grow until they become fledglings, where they can nearly take care of themselves. Eventually, they will mature into adult wagtails capable of starting their own families.

During each stage of the life cycle, the white wagtails go through changes specific to their species. For instance, they develop distinctive feather colors as they mature and undergo annual migrations for suitable mates and habitats, similar to the American white pelican.

Migration is an important aspect of the life cycle of many bird species, including the white wagtail. During migration, they also adjust to warmer climates to maintain a constant body temperature which is crucial for their survival and ability to reproduce.

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Final answer:

The chemical formula for a compound with 18 carbon atoms, 26 hydrogen atoms, 1 chlorine atom, 3 nitrogen atoms, and 1 oxygen atom is C₁₈H₂₆ClN₃O.

Explanation:

To write out the chemical formula for the compound with the specific number of atoms, we list each element symbol followed by its corresponding subscript number that represents the quantity of each element present in the molecule. In this case, the compound you've described contains 18 carbon (C) atoms, 26 hydrogen (H) atoms, 1 chlorine (Cl) atom, 3 nitrogen (N) atoms, and 1 oxygen (O) atom. Therefore, the chemical formula for this compound would be C₁₈H₂₆ClN₃O.

Answer:

Explanation:

29. d all of the above

30.  c

Answer: 29. D. all of the above

30. C. developed other internal transport systems

Explanation:

Answer:

1,190 were eventually deregulated and allowed to be sold.

Explanation:

As you may already know, in order for a seed producer to sell transgenic seeds and plants, or any other genetically modified product, he will need to request an evaluation of his production. This is because it is necessary to guarantee that the transgenic seeds will not cause any harm to any living being, nor has the potential to become a pest.

However, the production of transgenic products has grown more and more each year, which means that the increase in requests for evaluation of production is increasing. As an example of this, we can mention the 11,600 requests to the USDA from seed producers for transgenics that have occurred since 1987, of which 1,190 were eventually deregulated and allowed to be sold.

Answer:

Traditionally, the biosphere is considered to extend from the bottom of the oceans to the highest mountaintops, a layer with an average thickness of about 20 kilometers. Scientists now know that some forms of microbes live at great depths, sometimes several thousand meters into the earth's crust.

Explanation:

The biosphere is not thicker in any specific location, including above or below the sea level.

The biosphere refers to the portion of the earths surface where life exists, and it  encompasses all the living organisms and the environment they occupy, including both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem.

The biosphere is a complex and dynamic system that encompasses a wide range of ecosystems, from the deepest parts of the ocean to the highest points of the mountains.

So, whether the biosphere is thicker above or below sea level depends upon the specific location and the types of ecosystems present. In some areas the biosphere ca n be dominated by terrestrial such as forests or grasslands ecosystem, while in other areas it is dominated by aquatic ecosystems such as coral reefs or mangrove forests.

Therefore, there is not any specific location where the biosphere is thicker above or below the sea level, as it depends upon the specific location.

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Answer:

The types of gamete in a heterozygous individual for the FXN gene will be two. A dominant gamete, which contains the "A" allele and a recessive gamete, which contains the "a" allele.

Explanation:

When an individual is heterozygous for a given gene, it means that that individual has different gametes (related to that gene), with that, that individual will generate two types of gamete; a dominant gamete with the "A" allele and a recessive gamete with the "a" allele.

If the individual is homozygous dominant, he will only generate one type of gamete, which is the gamete with the "A" allele. however, if the individual is homozygous recessive, he will only generate one type of gamete, which is the gamete with the "a" allele.

Final answer:

In individuals heterozygous for a specific gene, such as the FXN gene, two types of gametes would be produced with different genotypes, carrying either the dominant or recessive allele of the gene. This principle is similar for both sex-linked and autosomal genes, crucial for understanding inheritance patterns.

Explanation:

The question involves understanding the types of genotypes produced by gametes in an individual heterozygous for a specific gene, taking the FXN gene as an example. The FXN gene is not explicitly dealt with in provided materials, but by analogy to information about X-linked genes and gamete formation, we can deduce necessary information. In the context of X-linked genetic crosses, such as those involving the Drosophila eye color, gametes from an individual heterozygous for a specific gene (like the FXN gene, if it were X-linked) would produce two types of gametes in terms of genotype.

In the case of a female heterozygous for an X-linked gene, the two types of gametes would contain either the dominant or recessive allele of the gene in question. If the gene were similar to the F8 or eye color genes in Drosophila (where 'X' represents the chromosome and the superscripts represent different alleles), the genotypes of the gametes would be XA and Xa where 'A' stands for the dominant allele and 'a' for the recessive allele, assuming full dominance in the heterozygous condition. For a male heterozygous for an X-linked gene, since males possess one X and one Y chromosome and no homologous pair for the X chromosome, they would be considered hemizygous, thus producing gametes either carrying the X chromosome with the gene or a Y chromosome without it, denoted as XAY and XY, respectively.

This concept can be extrapolated to any gene, including autosomal genes where individuals produce two types of gametes, carrying either allele of the heterozygous pair. Understanding this mechanism is crucial for comprehending how genetic variations are passed through generations, affecting phenotypic ratios in offspring.

Answer:

B)Genetic variation among lizard limbs allowed for natural selection to occur.

Explanation:

Natural selection is the phenomenon in which creatures evolve as time goes on. This evolution occurs when the species experiences a certain natural challenge that it can adapt to. Lizards that had short legs died in the floods while the lucky longer legged lizards were able to pass on their genes to the next generation. This is Natural Selection in action.

Answer:

B

Explanation:

When the lizard go through natural selection, they evolve to the threat of flooding. Henceforth, they grow longer legs. The genes for longer legs will continuously be passed down to more and more generations.

Answer:

Scientists attribute the global warming trend observed since the mid-20th century to the human expansion of the "greenhouse effect"1 — warming that results when the atmosphere traps heat radiating from Earth toward space.

Certain gases in the atmosphere block heat from escaping. Long-lived gases that remain semi-permanently in the atmosphere and do not respond physically or chemically to changes in temperature are described as "forcing" climate change. Gases, such as water vapor, which respond physically or chemically to changes in temperature are seen

Explanation:

Answer:

A. genes

Explanation:

Answer:

a

Explanation:

Answer

solar system, a globe of earth

Answer:

A model of the motions of the sun, moon and earth (which you participated in last year) A model of predicting eclipses. Models that explain weather phenomena can be used to predict weather.

Explanation:

These are examples of a scientific model.

Answer:

Easy

Explanation:

In this regard, water is essential simply because it's a liquid at Earth-like temperatures. Because it flows, water provides an efficient way to transfer substances from a cell to the cell's environment.

Answer:

When you feel your heart cave in and it sorta physically hurts...