Answer:
Aspirin can be described as a drug which shows anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions. It is one of the most widely used drugs. Aspirin inhibits the COX-1 (cyclooxygenase-1). Cyclooxygenase (COX) is the enzyme which is known to cause inflammation, aches, swellings fever etc by forming prostaglandins (PGs). Hence, aspirin works by inhibiting this enzyme. Aspirin also inhibits COX-2 from the production of prostaglandins but it allows the COX-2 enzymes to produce lipid mediators.
RESEARCH STUDY 4.1: Dr. Kushner is planning on conducting a study next semester. He is curious as to whether sleep deprivation is associated with poorer cognitive performance. For example, if you sleep poorly the night before a big exam, will you do worse? Dr. Kushner is especially curious about selective sleep deprivation, where people are kept from entering REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. Using an electroencephalograph (EEG) to monitor brain waves, he plans to let participants sleep until they enter REM sleep and then wake them. After the participants are awake for one minute, Dr. Kushner plans to let them return to sleep. As they enter REM sleep again, he will wake them again and follow the same procedure. He plans to do this through the entire eight-hour sleep session. The following morning, participants will be asked to take a sample SAT test. Dr. Kushner suspects that the people who will most benefit from his study are high school and college students, who are asked to perform cognitive functions in various states of sleep deprivation. Given this information, what type of participants should Dr. Kushner recruit for his study?
Answer:
High School and College students
Explanation:
Given that high school and college students stands to gain most from the results of this study, they will make better test subjects and secondly, since high school and college students tend to go through similar conditions, they will be better suited for this study and the results will also be better.
Dr. Kushner should recruit high school and college students who often face sleep deprivation challenges and can directly benefit from the study's findings on cognitive performance and memory. The study will explore the impact of REM sleep deprivation, which is relevant to their experiences with standardized testing.
Explanation:Considering Dr. Kushner's interest in the impact of selective sleep deprivation on cognitive performance, he should recruit high school and college students as participants for his study. These are individuals who are often asked to perform complex cognitive tasks and may experience various states of sleep deprivation, which aligns with the focus of the research. Moreover, as the participants will be asked to take a sample SAT test, it makes sense to involve those who are familiar with standardized testing and who may directly benefit from insights on how sleep affects test performance.
The relevant literature indicates that disruptions in cognition and memory deficits due to sleep deprivation lead to decreased ability in maintaining attention, decision-making, and recalling long-term memories. This suggests that Dr. Kushner's study addressing the effects of REM sleep deprivation could provide valuable information on how these specific types of sleep disturbances impact academic performance.
The pharmacology class learns that epoetin alfa is an immunosuppressant drug that is designed to have what expected outcome?
Answer:
increase red blood cell production to reduce need for transfusion using another person's blood
Explanation:
Epoetin alfa is a man-made human glycoprotein erythropoietin produced from cell culture through recombinant DNA technology. It helps to stimulate the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. It is use to treat anemia that arises due to kidney failure, patient receiving chemotherapy for certain cancers and HIV patient receiving zidovudine.
Myra wants to know more about her partner because she likes control as well as predictability. In order to achieve these goals, she gathers information about her partner so she can better predict how he might act in given situations. This is an example of __________.
Answer: Uncertainty Reduction Theory
Explanation: Simply, as the name suggests, people with a sense of uncertainty want to reduce that uncertainty, and they can only do so by being sure of some facts based on the information they have gathered and thus increasing certainty. Based on the information gathered, such people learn about the behaviour of people who are the focus of their interest, such as the example here Myra is interested in her boyfriend's behaviour, and so can predict the behaviour and actions of her boyfriend, that is, who is in their focus. People are usually inclined to show anxiety because they feel uncomfortable when they cannot predict one's actions. Then, through interpersonal communication, which is, in fact, the theory of initial interaction, which is another name for said theory, information emerges that increases certainty and reduces the unpleasant feeling.
Hardly one to fault others, Thaddeus surprised his colleagues when he began _____ even their most trivial mistakes.
Answer:
caviling at
Explanation:
The word "caviling" means making unnecessary objections or complaints. In order words it means to raise trivial and irritating objections.
In the context, hardly anyone blamed others for their deeds. But Thaddeus astonished his coworkers or colleagues when he began to cavil at or make objection at their most unimportant mistakes.
Hence the answer is -- "caviling at".
Children can better remember an ancient Latin verse if the definition/meaning for each unfamiliar Latin word is carefully explained to them. This best illustrates the value of:
A. visual encodingB. semantic encoding
Answer:
b. Semantic encoding
Explanation:
This question is missing some of its options. The options are:
a. Iconic memory
b. Semantic encoding
c. The method of loci
d. Automatic processing
e. The "peg-word" system
In psychology, the term semantic encoding refers to the use of input that has some specific meaning for the person, in other words, it refers to the learning of a word, an event, a phrase, a place, in terms of its meaning instead of in terms of other things like its sound.
In this example, children can better remember an ancient Latin verse if the meaning is carefully explained to them. In other words, they learn the verse in terms of its meaning and they encode the information this way. Therefore this is an example of semantic encoding.
The potential for future increases or decreases in a population based on the present age structure is called ______________.
Answer: population growth momentum.
Explanation:
Population momentum provides an explanation for the population growth that happens even if number of children per woman declines. It occurs because the number of reproductive women also determines the population growth, and not the number of children per woman solely. Population momentum, therefore, occurs due to a large number of people in childbearing and pre-childbearing years.
What strategy do parents use that allows a child to indicate an interest and then elaborate on that interest?
Answer:
Parents use the strategy of encouragement which allows the child to indicate an interest and then elaborate on it.
Explanation:
In order to devise the inclination of the child, the parents implement various methods to make the child show or develop interest in certain disciplines.It is through encouragement from the parents, that the child finds it easy to speak about his/her interests easily and seek the necessary primary opinions regarding the discipline of his/her interest.In addition to pregnant women, fetuses, and neonates, another subpart of the HHS regulations provides additional protections for which of the following vulnerable populations?
Answer:
In addition to pregnant women, fetuses, and neonates, another subpart of the Health and Human Services regulations provides additional protections to the prisoners.
Explanation:
From numerous studies regarding health of humans in prison done throughout the United States, it has been conventionally concluded that emphasis needs to be put on providing special healthcare servives for the prisoners in the prisons all over the United States.The humanistic approach of the functioning of the Health and Human Services department of the federal government binds it to consider the class of prisoners as one of the vulnerable classes as far as the issue of health is concerned.Which clause of the United States Constitution requires states to support the laws and court decisions of other states?
The Full Faith and Credit Clause supports the laws and court decisions of other states. In contrast to a rule of jurisdiction, the full faith and credit clause only establishes a rule of evidence. In another state, the verdict of one state is conclusive proof. Although it is not a domestic judgment in the latter state, a sister state is required to consider an action on it.
What is the main purpose of the Full Faith and Credit Clause?Court rulings in one state will be upheld in other states thanks to the Constitution's full faith and credit provision. The clause is mostly employed to uphold judgments.
The public Acts, Records, and judiciary Proceedings of every other State shall be given full faith and credit in each State. And Congress has the authority to establish general laws that specify how such acts, records, and proceedings are to be proven as well as their consequences. Article II of the United States Constitution.
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After the mission society collapsed in the 1830s, who emerged as leaders west of the Sierra mountains?
After the mission society collapsed in the 1830s, the Forty-niners, corporations, and the federal government emerged as prominent forces in the settlement west of the Sierra mountains. Native American conflicts increased and Mormon settlers established permanent settlements in the Great Salt Lake Valley, with California eventually pushing for statehood due to the rapid population growth from the Gold Rush.
Following the collapse of the mission society in the 1830s, the leadership west of the Sierra mountains experienced a dynamic shift. The Forty-niners, drawn by the 1849 California Gold Rush, became significant figures during this era. However, the real establishment of settlements in the West was made possible by corporations and the federal government, which were capable of providing the necessary infrastructure for widespread settlement.
Despite the growth and development they facilitated, these entities were often resented by westerners as intrusive forces. Moreover, during this period of westward expansion, conflicts escalated with Native American tribes, such as the Utes, Nez Perces, Sioux, and Apache, whose leaders included the likes of Red Cloud and Crazy Horse.
Meanwhile, permanent Euro-American settlements began with the arrival of the Mormons in the mid-1800's, when they settled in the Salt Lake Valley, despite originally being under Mexican claim.
This expansion and the growing population prompted the call for an organized territorial government and ultimately the consideration of California's statehood. Amidst these changes, new missionary societies and workers continued to come to the region to advance the work established by previous missions.
As urbanization increases and natural soil surfaces are covered, the groundwater supply is reduced due to?
Urbanization leads to less groundwater recharge because impervious surfaces prevent rainwater infiltration, and extensive well pumping can cause groundwater mining, resulting in additional issues like saltwater intrusion and land subsidence.
Explanation:As urbanization increases and natural soil surfaces are covered, the groundwater supply is reduced due to a decrease in the infiltration of rainwater into the ground. This is because impervious surfaces such as pavement and buildings prevent water from naturally percolating down into the soil to recharge aquifers. Additionally, groundwater mining, a result of extensive well pumping, can lead to a regional drop in the water table, making it necessary to drill deeper wells. This can lead to other problems like saltwater intrusion, increased water salinity, and even land subsidence. Furthermore, water tables can be lowered by overuse of water resources for agriculture and industry, leading to soil erosion, desertification, and reduced water quality due to pollution.
A defined contribution retirement plan such as a 401k that is "top heavy" is one which:A. permits larger contributions for employees that are highly compensated and smaller contributions for employees that have lower compensation levelsB. is over weighted in securities that have above average risk and must be rebalanced under the "prudent investor" ruleC. provides a disproportionately large retirement benefit to highly compensated key employees that can void the plan's tax qualificationD. has a greater number of employees than that disclosed in the plan's trust document
Answer: C. provides a disproportionately large retirement benefit to highly compensated key employees that can void the plan's tax qualification
Explanation:
A retirement plan is considered a top-heavy one when 60 percent of the aggregate accrued benefits or account balances are for the compensation of specific key employees. A key employee refers to a person who´s a 5 percent owner of the employer, or a 1 percent owner of the employer with over $150,000 in compensation, or an officer with over $180,000 in compensation from the employer ($185,000 since 2020, and subordinate to cost-of-living changes in the future).
Sixteen-year-old Donna is experimenting with smoking and drinking and often argues with her parents. From an evolutionary standpoint, why is it developmentally logical for Donna to start adolescence with risk-taking tendencies?
Answer:
It is developmentally logical for Donna to start adolescence with the risk-taking tendencies so that she’s pushed to leave home and go out into the world to see how the world is outside her world of comfort and imaginations.
Explanation:
To make Donna realize her responsibilities as a young girl, it is necessary to encourage her to develop the tendency of risk-taking.It would be only through taking risks, that Donna would choose to leave her comfort zone and step into the real world of materialistic reality.The realization would also help her stop experimenting with things that can lead her to hazardous addictions.The theory that individuals are motivated by three primary needs: A) existence (basic physical needs), B) relatedness (connection with others), C) growth (personal development). Proposed by Clayton Alderfer, the __________ suggests that when people are frustrated trying to achieve a higher-level need, they can be motivated by lower-level rewards.
Answer:
The correct answer is: Adlers Erg Theory.
Explanation:
The Adlers Erg theory was proposed by Clayton Alderfer as a compliment or a revision of the Maslow's hierarchical theory of needs.
In Clayton's theory, the needs are grouped into three categories or clusters, Basic needs, relatedness, and personal development.
Individuals have to satisfy the lower level needs to move to higher-level ones. The lower level needs are physical, followed by the need to feel connected with other people and being the higher one the need for personal growth.
When the person is not able to satisfy his/her needs of self-actualization and growth they can experience satisfaction and motivation by the rewards they get when they satisfied the lower-level ones.
In conclusion, the correct answer is: Adlers Erg Theory.
A researcher wishes to study generational differences in coping mechanisms among adults who experienced abuse as children. adequate measures will be instituted to obtain informed consent and ensure that there is no breach of confidentiality. the most likely additional risk is that some subjects may________.A. lose their legal status.B. feel that their privacy has been invaded.C. experience emotional or psychological distress.D. lose their employment.
Answer:
C. experience emotional or psychological distress.
Explanation:
Emotional distress: The term emotional distress is defined as an individual facing an extremely unpleasant emotional reaction, for example, fury, anguish, humiliation, etc that arises from the another person's conduct and due to this damage can be granted. Also referred to as mental anguish, mental suffering, emotional harm, etc.
Psychological distress: The term psychological distress is defined as a basic term used for unpleasant emotions or feelings faced by an individual that impacts his or her normal functioning level.
In the question above, the subjects may experience emotional or psychological distress.
Some people--including the former chairman of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors (Ben Bernanke) --have argued that one advantage of corporate debt from the stockholders' standpoint is that the existence of debt forces managers to focus on cash flow and to refrain from spending too much of the firm's money on private plane and other "perks." This is one of the factors that led to the rise of LBOs and private equity firms. True or false?
The given statement is True.
Explanation:
LBO, or Leveraged Buy Out, is defined as being a financial transaction in which, a company is purchased utilizing a combination of debt and other equity while keeping the company’s cash flow as the collateral to secure and repay the borrowed money.
It makes investments in the private equity of a start-up. This all rose from the ideas put forward by people like Ben Bernanke, which suggest the presence of such firms that can help you better your investments rather than using a little too much of your firms money up in the form of private planes or any other such perks,which makes the answer for the question true. Private equity firms on the other hand are a company that manages the investment and provides backing in the form of finance.
What are the three adaptive strategies for food production in nonindustrial societies identified by Yehudi Cohen?
a. foraging, pastoralism, and horticulture
b. foraging, agriculture, and industrialism
c. pastoralism, horticulture, and agriculture
d. pastoralism, agriculture, and industrialism
Answer:
The answer is C- Pastoralism, horticulture, and agriculture
Explanation:
Yehudi Cohen's Adaptive Strategies include;
ForagingHorticultureAgriculturePastoralismIndustrialismHowever, there are three adaptive strategies for food production in nonindustrial societies and they include; Pastoralism, Horticulture and Agriculture.
Horticulture is plant cultivation with fallowing in nonindustrial societies. it involves the use of simple tools, the fields are temporarily cultivated, some are left fallow. Shifting cultivation is a form of horticulture.
whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to live in cities
Agriculture is a means of farming of domesticated species created for food, it makes use of both labor and land. Animals are used as means for production, irrigation and terracing allow the same plot to be cultivated year after year. It increases yield and allows for more people to live in the same villages, diseases can however spread easily.
Pastoralism unlike agriculture is aimed at breeding and producing livestock and their products rather than growing crops. It involves breeding and raising domesticated animals like sheep, goats, cows, camels. The animals are protected and allowed to reproduce. The animals can be used to provide products of domestication like wool, milk, transportation and labour.
The three adaptive strategies for food production in nonindustrial societies identified by Yehudi Cohen are foraging, pastoralism, and horticulture.
Explanation:Adaptive Strategies for Food Production in Nonindustrial SocietiesThe three adaptive strategies for food production in nonindustrial societies identified by Yehudi Cohen are foraging, pastoralism, and horticulture. These strategies are means by which societies interact with their environments to meet the needs of food, clothing, and shelter, organizing society accordingly. Foraging societies, like the Hadza, rely on wild resources and exhibit a high degree of mobility and egalitarianism. Pastoralists, such as the Bedouin or the Maasai, depend on the domestication of animals, creating surpluses and embodying a nomadic lifestyle to follow fresh feeding grounds for their herds. Horticulturists practice plant cultivation using simple tools and methods, often in conjunction with pastoralism or foraging. Industrialism, which also came to be a dominant mode of subsistence, significantly differs from these three as it relies on large-scale, mechanized production and has a profound environmental impact.
The correct answer to the student's question is: a. foraging, pastoralism, and horticulture.
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Read the excerpt from a supporting opinion of the Supreme Court's ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson.
If the civil and political rights of both races be equal, one cannot be inferior to the other civilly or politically. If one race be inferior to the other socially, the Constitution of the United States cannot put them upon the same plane.
How does this relate to the premises of Brown v. Board of Education?
Final answer:
The Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson principle of 'separate but equal,' recognizing segregation in education as inherently unequal and unconstitutional.
Explanation:
The Supreme Court's opinion in Plessy v. Ferguson set a precedent that racial segregation was constitutional under the doctrine of "separate but equal." However, this concept was directly challenged by the subsequent ruling in Brown v. Board of Education. The Brown ruling overturned the Plessy decision, recognizing that segregation in public education was inherently unequal and unconstitutional. The Supreme Court in Brown declared that segregation based on race in public schools denied African American children the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment. Particularly, Brown v. Board referenced social science studies, which found that segregation instilled a sense of inferiority among African American students, adversely affecting their education.
Managers at S-Mart routinely expect their employees to volunteer hours at the local veteran’s center. The organization supports this practice since it shows commitment, empathy, and compassion, all things that S-Mart endorses as part of its company mission. This represents the ________ aspect of organizational culture.
A. basic assumptions
B. espoused values
C. observable artifacts
D. rituals
Answer: B) espoused values
Explanation:
Espoused values are the principles and ethics that are conveyed by the managers on behalf of the company, firm or organization during public remarks,statements etc. It helps in developing the standards of company and expected values and ethics are maintained through this.
According to the question, S-mart is making the employee to represent the culture of espoused values in which they are showing commitment, pity and sympathy towards local veteran center on routinely basis to maintain their standards.
Other options are incorrect because assumptions, custom or artifacts that are noticeable is not shown by S-Mart company .Thus, the correct option is option(B).
Herman and Todd, two friends, are discussing logos on T-shirts. Herman says that everyone should be able to wear whatever logos they want on their T-shirts. Todd suggests that some logos may be offensive and thus shouldn't be worn. If Herman is able to integrate those two ideas, he will have created a _____.
Answer:
Synthesis
Explanation:
A synthesis is combination of ideas, features or elements to a single outcome or whole.
Herman and Todd are discussing two ideas for the T-shirt selection logos.
If Herman were to fuse these ideas together, it means he will have to create a synthesis of these ideas to fit into the T-shirt logo choice.
What form of media has both challenged and been successfully co-opted by the traditional media?
Answer: Cable television
Explanation:
Cable television is the form of media that provides television services to the people.It is the mode in which radio frequencies are used along with the cables to deliver the television programs .
According to the traditional media,their most preferred choice for marketing and advertisement is cable television.For advertising films, ads, music etc so that it can reach audience ,cable television is the best option as there is numerous amount of viewers of television programs.
Traditional media can telecast their radio session, media content, television programs through cable television which can reach every person who has cable television connection and thus content can spread more easily compared to other services.
Julian stands on his toes to lift his body high enough so that he can reach a book. In this example, Julian's toes are a:
Answer:
fulcrum
Explanation:
Fulcrum -
The term is used , to act as a support , is known as fulcrum.
Any support for any task or activity is known as fulcrum .
From the given scenario of the question,
As, Julian takes help or support of her toes in order to gain certain height and take out the book kept at higher level.
Hence,
The toes of Julian act as a fulcrum.
Answer:
fulcrum
Explanation:
Who must always occupy the passenger seat when a driver with a Learner License is behind the wheel?
Final answer:
A driver with a Learner's License must always have a licensed adult driver in the passenger seat, who is prepared to assume control of the vehicle if necessary.
Explanation:
When a driver with a Learner's License is behind the wheel, they must always be accompanied by a licensed driver in the passenger seat. The licensed driver typically must be an adult over a certain age (this age can vary by jurisdiction) and should be qualified to take control of the vehicle if necessary. This is a requirement for the safety of not only the learner driver but also other road users, ensuring someone with experience is present to guide and intervene if the situation calls for it. The specifics can vary depending on the state or country's regulations.
Political parties and candidates tend to focus the least amount of attention on which type of issues
Answer:
Social Issues and Voting Behavior
Explanation:
The imagined ideal citizen in a democracy is informed about the issues of the day, which follows the positions that candidates take on those issues. Political parties do not take into consideration the social issues and as such make the citizens not to believe in them.
Most of the voters lacked the minimal level of knowledge about political issues which is why they find it difficult to choose the right party or candidate
Answer:
Position issues
Explanation:
Swing issues trigger change in support by the voters over time. These issues are important to political parties and they pay attention to them.
Political parties also look at Polarization issues that cause opposition between the ruling party and the party-in-opposition
Valence issues such as corruption, care of the elderly and crime are either evenly loved or disliked by the voters. If at any time a political party gets involved in corruption issues, they may become very unpopular and so they have to pay attention to those issues that could make them not liked by the people.
Parties pay less attention on issues in which the general public are divided (unlike in the case of Valence issues) and opposition candidates accept varying policy positions on them
_____________: Designating a lower rate of the target behavior, which is the criterion for providing a powerful reinforcer to the group. The target rate may be for either the individual client's behavior or a group's level of behavior or performance.
Answer:
DRL group contingencies.
Explanation:
DRL group contingencies: The term "DRL group contingencies" is referred to as "Differential reinforcement of low rates group contingencies". It is being designated to a lower rate of a particular target behavior, and it is the criterion to provide a powerful reinforcer to a specific group.
DRL is considered to be as an appropriate intervention and occurs when a person reinforces infrequent or slow responses.
Ecologists refer to the maximum sustainable population for an area as _____________. Select one: a. exponential growth. b. lag phase. c. carrying capacity. d. None of these are correct.
Answer:
c. carrying capacity
Explanation:
The maximum population size that the environment can sustain is called the carrying capacity. This means the environment needs to provide the food, shelter, water to the population.
The carrying capacity is also known as the the environment's maximal load.
The impact on the environment resulting from consumption is given by
[tex]I=P\times A\times T[/tex]
where,
P = Number of people
A = Annual consumption by the people
T = Factor of technology
Hence, the statement here refers to the carrying capacity.
________ is defined as the operation of a motor vehicle in a selfish, bold, or pushy manner, without regard for the rights or safety of the other users of the streets and highways.
Answer:
Agressive driving.
Explanation:
Aggressive driving can be understood as the act of driving erratically and dangerously. Aggressive drivers tend to drive dangerously fast, compromising their safety and the safety of others. Aggressive driving also refers to individuals who ignore traffic signals, tailgate other drivers and drive in a generally irresponsible manner.
In conclusion, agressive driving is defined as the operation of a motor vehicle in a selfish, bold, or pushy manner, without regard for the rights or safety of the other users of the streets and highways.
Joe Smith, RHIA, works for an outsourcing company as interim health information department director in a large hospital. By the terms of the contract, the hospital pays the company for Joe’s services based on a 40-hour workweek with overtime for any hours exceeding 40. Joe typically works 9 hours per day, Monday through Thursday, and 4 hours on Friday. He then flies home for the weekend. After several months, he discovers the hospital is billed for 44 to 48 hours per week almost every week. Joe confronts the company billing department because this practice conflicts with the tenet of the AHIMA Code of Ethics that states that health information management professionals:
Answer:
Refuse to participate in or conceal unethical practices or procedures
Explanation:
Health information management (HIM) is a practice of analyzing, acquiring and protecting the traditional and digital medical information which is important in providing quality patient care.
AHIMA stands for American Health Information Management Association. The AHIMA code of ethics are the best principles and the ethical procedures to be followed by the HIM professionals.
In the context, Joe Smith is an interim HIM professional and he works for a 40 hour in a week for which the hospital pays for it. Joe is also payed over time if he woks beyond 40 hours a week. As in the question, Joe worked for 40 hour every week but the company had made a bill showing 44 hours to 48 hours per week by Joe which is unethical.
When Joe came to know about it, he confronted the company for it and refused to be a part of this unethical process which is against the AHIMA code of ethics.
Reporting incidents and/or violations of the Rules of Behavior to FEMA Security is the responsibility of ____________________________.
Answer:
The person who signs the MOA
Explanation:
Reporting incidents and/or violations of the Rules of Behavior to FEMA Security is the responsibility of the person who signs the MOA
One argument for the permissibility of stealing rests upon the claim that our economic system is fundamentally unjust, and that theft from the government, employers, insurance companies, and so on can at least slightly relieve some of the inequalities created by the unfair economic advantages these institutions possess. The basis of this argument seems to be:
Answer:
The basis of the argument seems to be that economic inequalities are caused by one economic sector stealing from another.
Explanation:
This argument rests on the explicit assumption that government, employers and insurance government are thieves, and this is the means which allows these sectors to increase their wealth. (assumption mentioned in the answer) People who think this is the case think that increasing capital is accomplished by working only for the benefit of those who create money. Therefore, some people argue that is is permissible to steal from these sectors.