By 1875 the Granger Movement, formed buying and selling cooperatives and demanded state regulation of railroad rates and _______ fees.

Slaves had fought for their own liberation since the start of the Civil War.  It changed course to favor the North, releasing all slaves from servitude.

Their belief that the battle for the Union must turn into a war for liberation was supported by the Emancipation Proclamation. It bolstered the Union politically and militarily by lending moral support to the Union's cause. It changed course to favor the North, releasing all slaves from servitude.

The Emancipation Proclamation and the efforts of African American soldiers had an impact on the war's outcome because they guaranteed the freedom of all slaves after the conflict and strengthened the North's resolve to prevail.

It declared that slaves in the ten Confederate states were still free in opposition. Additionally, it ruled that liberated slaves might join the Union Army, adding to the army's numbers.

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Neoclassicism is the art movement most closely associated with the French Revolution, reflecting the era's ideals through logic, order, and civic virtue in contrast to the Rococo style. It aimed to inspire revolutionary ideals and was epitomized by artists like Jacques-Louis David.

The art most closely associated with the French Revolution is Neoclassicism. This movement arose as a reaction against the frivolous sensuality of Rococo art, advocating for moral, instructive art that reflected the Enlightenment's ideals of clarity, logic, and order. Neoclassical art, inspired by the ancient styles of Greece and Rome, intended to inspire civic virtue and patriotism among the public. Prominent artists like Jacques-Louis David became the leading figures of this style, with works such as The Oath of the Horatii epitomizing the self-sacrifice and stoicism idealized during the revolution.

Moreover, Neoclassicism was more than just an artistic movement; it was a means of supporting revolutionary ideals of liberty, equality, and fraternity (liberté, égalité, and fraternité). Through the depiction of classical and contemporary heroes, this style echoed the public's desire for change and reflected the revolutionary period's demands for a new societal order. Neoclassical art not only adorned the revolutionary France but also actively participated in the reshaping of societal norms and values of the time.

Confucianism, civil service exams, Chinese writing, and family structure persisted as cultural elements after the Han Dynasty's fall.

After the fall of the Han Dynasty in 220 CE, several cultural elements persisted in Chinese society:

1. **Confucianism**: Despite political upheavals, Confucianism continued to influence social values, ethics, and governance. Confucian principles of filial piety, respect for authority, and moral righteousness remained deeply ingrained.

2. **Civil Service Examination System**: The Han Dynasty's merit-based system for selecting government officials endured. It provided a pathway for social mobility based on intellectual ability rather than noble birth, shaping Chinese bureaucracy for centuries.

3. **Chinese Writing System**: The standardized Chinese script, developed during the Han Dynasty, persisted as a unifying cultural element across different regions and dynasties, facilitating communication and preserving cultural continuity.

4. **Family Structure**: Confucian emphasis on family cohesion and hierarchy endured, influencing social relationships and values regarding marriage, kinship, and ancestor veneration.

These cultural elements formed a foundational continuity amidst the political fragmentation and changes in dynastic rule following the Han Dynasty's collapse.

Nationalism in Europe developed due to the French Revolution's ideals, Napoleonic Wars, and a desire for self-determination. The Congress of Vienna set the stage for nationalist movements, and intellectual networks furthered the spread of national identity concepts.

Development of Nationalism in Europe

Nationalism began to develop in Europe during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century due to a combination of socio-political factors. The French Revolution of 1789 played a pivotal role, with its ideas of liberty, equality, and fraternity inspiring peoples across Europe to envisage their own sense of national identity and self-determination. Furthermore, the Napoleonic Wars promoted the idea of the nation as a rallying point against external aggression, leading to a surge in nationalist sentiments and uprisings.

The Congress of Vienna in 1815 aimed to restore pre-revolutionary order but inadvertently set the stage for a growing demand for national inclusion in politics. With the spread of nationalistic ideals, previously suppressed national communities called for self-rule, ultimately challenging the legitimacy of empires and demanding redrawn political boundaries reflective of ethnic identities.

Throughout the nineteenth century, the ideology of nationalism evolved. Intellectuals across different nations forged transnational networks that were essential in the dissemination of nationalist doctrine. Additionally, the idea of unique 'imagined communities' based on shared language, culture, and history aided in the cultivation of national consciousness. These developments resulted in nationalism becoming an imperative force shaping the political landscape of Europe.

Answer:

B. the creation of a Supreme Court

Explanation:

Both the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan sought to propose a distribution of legislative positions in the US. That is, both plans aimed to create a Supreme Court. While the Virginia Plan sought to create a Supreme Court that favored the larger states, the New Jersey Plan sought to create a Supreme Court that favored the smaller states.

Answer:

B

Explanation:

I got it right on Egenuity (September 23, 2020)

The correct answer is b on apex

This case originated to address segregation and discrimination in the railroads of what state: Louisiana.  In 1890, Louisiana passed the "Separate Car Act," requiring blacks and whites to ride in separate railroad cars, although the law specified that the accommodations for each race had to be equal. In 1892, Homer Plessy, a mixed-race resident of New Orleans, Louisiana, challenged that act. He sat in a car designated for whites and refused to change cars when a train conductor ordered him to do so. Plessy was arrested, and charged with violating the Separate Car Act.

2. the 14th amendment was a factor in this case, for it deals with "due process" and "equal protection." In denying Plessy's rights based solely on the color of his skin, the act also violated the 14th Amendment, they argued. It did not matter if the accommodations for blacks were equal in quality to those for whites, they asserted; the very act of requiring separate accommodations was discriminatory. They pointed out that the act prohibited passengers from bringing legal action against train conductors or railroads, which they claimed was a violation of the right to "due process under the law" guaranteed by the 14th Amendment, they maintained.

3. what was the impact of the supreme court's decision in the case?  Segregation was legal. After the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the Separate Car Act, it remanded the case to the lower court, and Plessy had to return to stand trial. On January 11, 1897, he appeared before the criminal district court. He pleaded "guilty" and paid a $25 fine, ending his legal odyssey. With its ruling, the Supreme Court essentially put a stamp of legitimacy on segregation for the first time. "Jim Crow" laws became even more pervasive throughout the South, establishing segregation across all sectors.

Answer:

1. b) louisiana

2. a) 14th amendment

3. a) segregation was legal

Explanation:

The answer is not the first option

Answer:

Because of disenfranchisement

Explanation:

During the Reconstruction Era, African American gained the right to freedom and also the right to participate in politics, by voting or by being candidates. But after Reconstruction Era ended a series of laws and practices were created in the Southern States that were used to prevent African Americans from participating in politics or even voting, this process is called disenfranchisement. Some laws required literacy tests, others included poll taxes.

The man in the picture, Padre Miguel Hidalgo, is noted for beginning the Mexican independence movement. Hence, option B is correct.

Mexican war for the independence was started in 1810 and ended in 1821. In the Mexican War, the main conflict occurs between the people of Mexico and the Spanish colonizers' authorities. The war was started by Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, who initiated the war with the desire of independence from the Spanish colonial rules.

He lit the flame of independence among the whole Mexican people, and it flew all over the country. During this prosperous period, new railways, telephone networks, banks, as well as manufacturing, mining, agriculture, and trade all experienced growth.

Thus, option B is correct.

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"The correct answer to the question is not provided in the conversation snippet. However, based on the context of the question, it seems to be related to the historical and environmental studies of Walter Prescott Webb, who was a prominent historian and scholar of the American West.

Walter Prescott Webb (1888-1963) was known for his work on the American frontier and the impact of the environment on society and economics. In his seminal work,  The Great Plains,  published in 1931, Webb discussed the influence of the arid environment of the Great Plains on the development of American institutions. He argued that the availability of free land and the challenges of the semiarid climate shaped the social and economic structures of the region.

In the context of changes in climate and environment, Webb would have been referring to the shifts in precipitation patterns, the effects of human settlement, such as overgrazing and deforestation, and the broader environmental changes that were becoming apparent in the early 20th century. These changes would have had significant implications for agriculture, water resources, and the sustainability of life on the Great Plains.

To address the question directly, if Webb saw changes in the climate and environment starting along the Great Plains in 1922, he would have been observing the early signs of what later became known as the Dust Bowl of the 1930s. This ecological disaster was characterized by severe dust storms caused by drought and poor agricultural practices, which led to the degradation of the topsoil and the displacement of hundreds of thousands of people.

Webb's observations would have included the decline in rainfall, the deterioration of grasslands due to overgrazing, and the initial stages of soil erosion. These environmental changes would have been critical to his analysis of the region's history and its impact on the American frontier.

In summary, while the exact answer to the question is not provided, it is clear that Walter Prescott Webb's work would have involved a detailed examination of the environmental changes occurring in the Great Plains region during the early 20th century, which had profound effects on the society, economy, and ecology of the area."

The Bill of Rights ensures the U.S. remains a democracy by outlining and protecting civil liberties and individual freedoms, thereby limiting governmental power and interference. It contributes to the representative democracy system by enabling the citizens’ rights to select those who would make policy decisions. It further protects individuals suspected or accused of crimes, guaranteeing fair and just treatment.

The Bill of Rights in the United States Constitution ensures that the nation remains a democracy by outlining and protecting the fundamental rights and liberties of its citizens. It limits governmental power and interference in individuals’ rights and ensures a set of checks and balances to prevent the centralization or abuse of power by one entity.

The part of the Bill of Rights ensuring such preservation of democracy is seen in the First Amendment which guarantees the freedom of speech, assembly, and petition, and the freedom of the press. Furthermore, the representative democracy of the United States, where citizens elect representatives to make policy decisions on their behalf, is another factor that keeps the democratic system flourishing.

To elaborate, the first four Amendments in the Bill of Rights offer protection against governmental intrusion while the remaining amendments provide protection for those suspected or accused of crimes. The civil liberties stated in these amendments are a testament to a democratic society where the government respects and protects its citizens' rights and freedom.

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