Determine the mass of 2.5 cups of water if the density of water is 1.00 g/cm3 and 1 cup = 240 mL\

Answer: The mass of ethanol is 89.2 grams

Explanation:

Density is defined as the mass contained per unit volume.

[tex]Density=\frac{mass}{Volume}[/tex]

Given : Mass of ethanol =  ?

Volume of ethanol = 113 ml

Density of ethanol = 0.789 g/ml

Putting in the values we get:

[tex]0.789g/ml=\frac{mass}{113ml}[/tex]

[tex]mass=89.2g[/tex]

Thus mass of ethanol is 89.2 grams

Ethanol is a common laboratory solvent and has a density of 0.789 g/mL. The mass, in grams, of 113 mL of ethanol is 89.217 g.

Solvent is a part of solution in which solute is dissolved to form a solution.

To find the mass, we can use the formula:

mass = volume [tex]\times[/tex] density

where the volume is given as 113 mL and the density is given as 0.789 g/mL.

mass = 113 ml [tex]\times[/tex] 0.789 g/mL = 89.217 g

Therefore, the mass of 113 mL of ethanol is 89.217 g.

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Answer: Option (d) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

When atoms of a substance are strongly held together due to strong intermolecular forces of attraction then the substance acquires a fixed shape and volume.

Hence, the substance becomes hard in nature.

For example, solids are hard in nature due to the strength of chemical bonds between its atoms which are held by strong intermolecular forces of attraction.

Whereas in liquids, molecules are held by less strong intermolecular forces of attraction. As a result, they do not have fixed shape and volume.

Thus, we can conclude that hardness is related to strength of chemical bonds.

Answer:

Adding more solid.

Explanation:

Hello,

Based on the concern, it is known that an unsaturated solution is made when one adds an amount of the solid that is smaller than its solubility for the given amount of solute at the specified temperature, thus, to make a saturated solution, more solute must be added in order for it to equal the solubility at the very same amount of the solvent and at the same specified temperature.

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In order to write the Calcium electron configuration we first need to know the number of electrons for the Ca atom (there are 20 electrons). When we write the configuration we'll put all 20 electrons in orbitals around the nucleus of the Calcium atom.

In writing the electron configuration for Calcium the first two electrons will go in the 1s orbital. Since 1s can only hold two electrons the next 2 electrons for Calcium go in the 2s orbital. The next six electrons will go in the 2p orbital. The p orbital can hold up to six electrons. We'll put six in the 2p orbital and then put the next two electrons in the 3s. Since the 3s if now full we'll move to the 3p where we'll place the next six electrons. We now shift to the 4s orbital where we place the remaining two electrons. Therefore the Calcium electron configuration will be 1s22s22p63s23p64s2.

The atomic number of calcium is 20. Then the electronic configuration of calcium is 1 s₂,  2 s₂, 2 p₆, 3 s₂, 3 p₆ 4 s₂ .

The distribution of electrons in an element's atomic orbitals is described by the element's electron configuration. Atomic electron configurations adhere to a standard nomenclature in which all atomic subshells that contain electrons are arranged in a sequence with the number of electrons they each hold expressed in superscript.

One orbital can house a maximum of two electrons, and there are four different types of orbitals (s, p, d, and f). More electrons can be held in the p, d, and f orbitals since they contain various sublevels.

Consequently, the electron configuration of calcium will be 1s22s22p63s23p64s2. The configuration notation gives scientists a simple way to express and record how electrons are organized around an atom's nucleus. As a result, it is simpler to comprehend and forecast how atoms will interact to produce solids.

Thus, the electronic configuration of calcium is 1 s₂,  2 s₂, 2 p₆, 3 s₂, 3 p₆ 4 s₂ .

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Nitrogen-15 (^(15)N) has 7 protons, 7 electrons, and 8 neutrons. The atomic number (protons) is 7, and the mass number (protons + neutrons) is 15.

Nitrogen-15 (^(15)N) is an isotope of nitrogen, and it has a specific composition of protons, electrons, and neutrons.

1. Protons (atomic number): Nitrogen-15 has 7 protons. The atomic number of an element defines its identity and determines the number of protons in its nucleus. In the case of nitrogen, regardless of the isotope, it always has 7 protons.

2. Electrons: Since nitrogen-15 is an electrically neutral atom (it has no charge), it has an equal number of electrons as protons. Therefore, it also has 7 electrons. Electrons orbit the nucleus in energy levels or shells, and they play a crucial role in chemical bonding and reactivity.

3. Neutrons: Nitrogen-15 has 8 neutrons. Neutrons are electrically neutral subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. They contribute to the atom's mass but not its charge. To determine the number of neutrons in an isotope, you subtract the atomic number (protons) from the mass number. In this case, 15 (mass number) - 7 (protons) = 8 neutrons.

Understanding the composition of isotopes, like nitrogen-15, is essential in chemistry and nuclear physics. It helps in differentiating between various forms of an element based on their nuclear properties. Nitrogen-15 is one of the stable isotopes of nitrogen, commonly used in scientific research, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and tracer studies in biology and chemistry.

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First convert volume to mass:

mass = 0.789 g/mL * 155 mL = 122.295 g

Then convert mass to number of moles:

number of moles = 122.295 g * (1 mole / 46 g) = 2.66 moles

Using avogadros number, we get the molecules:

number of molecules = 2.66 moles * 6.022 x 10^23 molecules / mole = 1.6 x 10^24 molecules

The formulas for the anions NaF, NaBr, NaOH, NaNO3, and NaClO4 have only one anion present in each formula.

The given question asks to examine Na+ with different anions and determine the number of anions present in each formula.

Na+ is a cation with a +1 charge. The anions mentioned in the question are F-, Br-, OH-, NO3-, and ClO4-. The formulas for these anions are NaF, NaBr, NaOH, NaNO3, and NaClO4, respectively.

In each of these formulas, there is only one anion present, which is indicated by the negative charge in the formula. Therefore, the number of anions in each formula is 1.

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Molarity is simply the ratio of the number of moles of a substance over the total volume of the solution. Assuming that the addition of 0.850 moles does not change the overall volume of 1.70 L, therefore molarity is simply:

Molarity = 0.850 moles / 1.70 L = 0.5 moles / L = 0.5 M

The molarity of 0.850 mol of Na2S in 1.70 L of solution is calculated to be 0.50 M.

The subject of your question revolves around the calculation of molarity, which in chemistry represents the concentration of a solute in a solution. To calculate molarity, we need to divide the number of moles of the solute by the volume of the solution in liters. The formula is M = moles/volume. For your specific question, you want to calculate the molarity of 0.850 mol of Na2S in 1.70 L of solution. Using the formula, the calculation becomes: M = 0.850 mol / 1.70 L = 0.50 M.

For this specific scenario, where we have 0.850 moles of Na2S in a 1.70 L solution, the molarity (M) is determined by the formula M = moles/volume, resulting in a molarity of 0.50 M. This calculation allows us to precisely quantify the concentration of the solute in the given solution, a fundamental aspect of chemical analysis and reactions.

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Taking look at the dining areas of an eating establishment for the proof of broken light bulbs, flaking paint, and wood damage will minimize the occurrences of physical contamination of food. Physical contamination takes place when the actual objects like hair, glass, dirt, paint, and other physical contaminants contaminate the food.  

Various food safety guidelines had been developed by the Food and Drug Administration to make sure the public safety of food in the restaurants and other public eateries.  

Answer:

By leaving the air valve almost close, so the flow of oxygen is as low as the combustion is not carried out properly, therefore, the flame will not rise beyond the middle of the ideally whole flame.

Explanation:

Hello,

On the attached picture, you will find a scheme showing the flame behavior of a bunsen burner in which it is seen that the middle of the flame matches with the hottest temperature due to the complete combustion of the fuel. It is possible for the match to remain unlit in the middle of the whole flame if the airflow is as low as the combustion is not carried out properly as shown below  the middle of the flame; it implies that the feed of oxygen is low so its valve remains almost closed.

Best regards.

Answer:

A) experimentation and examination of the results

Explanation:

From a historical and philosophical point of view, Dalton is considered the father of atomic theories. For over 20 centuries no one has manipulated the concept of atom. He had the audacity and the courage to manipulate these theories to try to explain what atoms would be by experimenting and analyzing the results.

For Dalton, matter was discontinuous, that is, between the atoms that compose it there would be empty spaces. Although considered theoretic behind the proposition of this model, Dalton considered relevant information from other studies (Proust's weighted laws; Lavoisier and the element conception; gases and their laws etc.), which allowed his model to explain the phenomena even then discussed. This is the "asset" of his atomic model, for though it presents clear constraints on today's science, for his contemporaries, this model satisfied many behaviors that continuous matter was unable to even predict.

Dalton's ideas were considered appropriate because of his effort to link theoretical postulates with scientifically obtained data through experimentation. This fact corroborated the acceptance of his model by the scientists of the time, making Dalton enter the history of chemistry and humanity.

First we determine the moles CaCl2 present:

525g / (110.9g/mole) = 4.73 moles CaCl2 present 

Based on stoichiometry, there are 2 moles of Cl for every mole of CaCl2:
(2moles Cl / 1mole CaCl2) x 4.73 moles CaCl2 = 9.47 moles Cl 

Get the mass:
9.47moles Cl x 35.45g/mole = 335.64 g Cl

This question involves calculating the volume of 95% ethyl alcohol needed to dissolve 0.1 g of sulfanilamide at 78°C and the remaining amount dissolved at 0°C, but these calculations depend on the solubility information of sulfanilamide in ethyl alcohol at these temperatures.

To calculate how much 95% ethyl alcohol is required to dissolve 0.1 g of sulfanilamide at 78°C, you would need to know the solubility of sulfanilamide in the alcohol at that temperature. Without this information, an accurate calculation cannot be made. However, once that solubility information is available, you could use the definition of percent yield (the mass of the solute divided by the solvent volume multiplied by 100) to calculate the amount of alcohol needed.

Similarly, to calculate how much sulfanilamide will remain dissolved when the mixture is cooled to 0°C, you would need the solubility of sulfanilamide in ethyl alcohol at 0°C. This is because solubility can change dramatically with temperature.

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Calculate the volume of 95% Ethyl Alcohol needed to dissolve 0.1 g sulfanilamide at 78°C (result: 0.476 mL), and then determine how much will remain dissolved when cooled to 0°C (result: 0.006664 g).

A. To calculate this:

Determine the solubility at the given temperature (0.210 g/mL).

Calculate the required volume of solvent:

Volume = mass / solubility = 0.1 g / 0.210 g/mL ≈ 0.476 mL

B. To calculate this:

Determine the solubility at 0°C (0.014 g/mL).

Calculate the amount of sulfanilamide that remains dissolved in 0.476 mL of solvent:

Remaining dissolved = volume x solubility = 0.476 mL x 0.014 g/mL ≈ 0.006664 g

Complete question:

A) Calculate how much 95% Ethyl Alcohol will be required to dissolve 0.1 g sulfanilamide at 78 C. (At 80 C, solubility = 210 mg/mL)

B) Using the volume of solvent calculated in Step 1, calculate how much sulfanilamide will remain dissolved in the mother liquid after the mixture is cooled to ) C. (At 0 C, solubility = 14 mg/mL)

Final answer:

To react with 9.55 g of Zn(s), you will need 53.1 mL of a 5.50 M HCl(aq) solution.

Explanation:

To determine the volume of 5.50 M HCl(aq) required to react with 9.55 g of Zn(s), we need to use the balanced chemical equation:

Zn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → ZnCl2 (aq) + H2(g)

From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of Zn reacts with 2 moles of HCl. First, we need to calculate the moles of Zn using its molar mass and mass given:

Moles of Zn = mass / molar mass = 9.55 g / 65.38 g/mol = 0.146 moles

Since the stoichiometric ratio between HCl and Zn is 2:1, the moles of HCl needed will be double:

Moles of HCl = 2 × moles of Zn = 2 × 0.146 mol = 0.292 mol

Finally, to calculate the volume of HCl, we need to use its molarity:

Volume of HCl = moles of HCl / molarity = 0.292 mol / 5.50 M = 0.0531 L = 53.1 mL

Final answer:

To find the weight in kilograms of a balsa wood piece measuring 4.0 inches by 6.0 inches by 20.0 inches, we calculate its volume, apply the given density to find the weight in pounds, and then convert that to kilograms, resulting in approximately 0.980 kilograms.

Explanation:

To calculate the weight of a piece of balsa wood in kilograms, we first need to find its volume in cubic feet and then use the given density to find its weight in pounds. Afterward, we convert that weight to kilograms. The volume is the product of length, width, and height which must be converted from inches to feet (1 inch = 1/12 feet).

Thus, the volume V is calculated as follows:
V = (4.0 inches / 12 inches/foot) × (6.0 inches / 12 inches/foot) × (20.0 inches / 12 inches/foot) = (0.333 feet) × (0.5 feet) × (1.666 feet) = 0.277 cubic feet.

The weight W in pounds is given by the product of the volume V and the density D:
W = V × D = 0.277 cubic feet × 7.8 pounds/cubic foot = 2.161 pounds.

To convert the weight to kilograms, we use the conversion factor 1 pound = 0.453592 kilograms:
Weight in kilograms = 2.161 pounds × 0.453592 kilograms/pound = 0.980 kilograms.

To calculate how much the temperature of a substance will increase when a certain amount of heat is added, you can use the formula q = mcΔT, where q is the heat added, m is the mass, c is the specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature. For question 6, the final temperature of mercury after adding 195 cal of heat can be calculated using the specific heat capacity of mercury. For question 7, the mass of copper can be determined using the heat absorbed and the temperature change. For question 8, the mass of the NaCl crystal can be calculated using the same principles.

Heat transfer calculations require knowledge of the specific heat capacity of the substance in question, which varies for different materials. This capacity indicates how much heat is needed to raise the temperature of one gram of the substance by one degree Celsius. In the questions provided, using the formula and the known quantities, you can rearrange the formula to solve for the unknown variable such as the final temperature, mass, or heat added based on specific heat capacity values.

Answer: The mass of fuel when the tank was full is 45.255kg.

Explanation:

To calculate the mass of the fuel, we will use the formula given by the equation:

[tex]\text{Density}=\frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Volume}}[/tex]

Where,

Density = Density of the gasoline = [tex]42lb\ft^3[/tex]

Volume = Capacity of the fuel tank = [tex]14.8gallons=2.376ft^3[/tex]    (Conversion factor: [tex]1gallon=0.1605ft^3[/tex] )

Mass = Mass of the fuel = ?

Putting values in above equation, we get:

[tex]42lb/ft^3=\frac{\text{Mass}}{2.376ft^3}\\\\\text{mass}=99.792lbs[/tex]

Converting this quantity into kilograms, we use the conversion factor:

[tex]1lbs=0.4535kg\\\\99.792lbs=99.792\times 0.4535=45.255kg[/tex]

Hence, the mass of fuel when the tank was full is 45.255kg.