Determine the root-mean square speed of CO2 molecules that have an average kinetic energy of 4.2 x10-21 J per molecule.

Answer: Option (d) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Endothermic process is a process in which energy or heat is absorbed by reactant species.

For example, melting of ice cubes is an endothermic process as it is absorbing heat from the surrounding and gives a cooling effect.

Thus, we can conclude that the process in which a substance gains energy is an endothermic process.

Answer:

The process in which a substance gains energy.

Explanation:

In an endothermic process, a system absorbs energy from the surroundings, therefore increasing its internal energy.

Which is an endothermic process?

When potassium hypochlorite is dissolved in water, it dissociates into potassium ions and hypochlorite ions. Thus, the net ionic equation for this process is: KClO(s) -> K+(aq) + ClO-(aq).

The net ionic equation represents the actual reaction happening in solution, excluding the spectator ions. When potassium hypochlorite (KClO) is dissolved in water, it dissociates completely into potassium ions (K+) and hypochlorite ions (ClO-).

So, the complete ionic equation is: KClO(s) -> K+(aq) + ClO-(aq).

The net ionic equation is the same as the complete ionic equation because there are no spectator ions in this case. Thus, the net ionic equation for the equilibrium that is established when potassium hypochlorite is dissolved in water is: KClO(s) -> K+(aq) + ClO-(aq)

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The net ionic equation for the equilibrium established when potassium hypochlorite dissolves in water involves only the hypochlorite ion reacting with water to form hypochlorous acid and hydroxide ion.

When potassium hypochlorite (KClO) is dissolved in water, it dissociates into potassium (K+) ions and hypochlorite (ClO-) ions.

Potassium is a spectator ion and does not participate in the equilibrium reaction that is established in the solution. Therefore, the net ionic equation for the equilibrium when potassium hypochlorite is dissolved in water only involves the hypochlorite ion and water.

The equation is as follows:

ClO-(aq) + H2O(l) ---> HClO(aq) + OH-(aq)

This equation represents the equilibrium between the hypochlorite ion and the hypochlorous acid and hydroxide ion in aqueous solution.

Note: M1 = 50.00 ml

          V1 = 0.150 M

         M2 = 0.100 M

Asked: V2?

Answer: First, first realize the reaction:

               NaOH + CH3COOH = Na (+) + CH3COO (-) + H2O

              Second, enter all known numbers into the molarity formula:

                M = n / V

                 n = M * V

                M1 * V1 = M2 * V2

                V2 = M1 * V1 / M2

                V2 = 50.00 ml * 0.150 M / 0.100 M

                V2 = 75 ml

So, the NaOH needed to neutralize 50.00 ml of a solution of 0.1150 m of acetic acid (ch 3 co) is 75 ml.

In chemistry, molarity (abbreviated M) is one measure of the concentration of the solution. The molarity of a solution expresses the number of moles of a substance per liter of solution. For example, 1.0 liter of solution contains 0.5 mol of compound X, so this solution is called a 0.5 molar (0.5 M) solution. Generally, the concentration of aqueous aqueous solutions is expressed in molar units. The advantage of using molar units is the ease of calculation in stoichiometry because the concentration is expressed in moles (proportional to the actual number of particles). The disadvantage of using this unit is inaccuracy in volume measurement. Also, the volume of a liquid changes with temperature, so the molarity of the solution can change without adding or reducing any substances. Also, in a solution that is not very thin, the molar volume of the substance itself is a function of concentration, so the molarity-concentration relationship is not linear.

A neutralization reaction is a reaction where acids and bases react in aqueous solution to produce salt and water. The liquid sodium chloride that is produced in a reaction is called salt. Salt is an ionic compound consisting of cations from bases and anions from acids. Salt is an ionic compound that is not an acid or a base.

Strong-base Strong Acid Reaction

When the same amount of strong acid such as hydrochloric acid is mixed with a strong base such as sodium hydroxide, the result is a neutral solution. The reaction product does not have the characteristics of either acid or base.

Reactions Involving Weak Acids or Weak Bases

Reactions where at least one component is weak generally do not produce a neutral solution.

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Details

Grade: College

Subject: Chemistry

keywords: molarity

To calculate the number of molecules in a 1.27kg sample of lithium carbonate, convert the mass to grams, calculate the molar mass, convert the mass to moles, and then multiply by Avogadro's number to find the number of molecules. The calculation results in approximately 1.035 x 10²⁵ molecules. We use three significant figures for the final answer.

The question asks how many molecules are there in a 1.27kg sample of lithium carbonate. To find the number of molecules, we first need to calculate the number of moles in 1.27 kg of lithium carbonate and then use Avogadro's number to find the number of molecules.

Convert the mass of the sample from kilograms to grams.

Calculate the molar mass of lithium carbonate (Li₂CO₃).

Use the molar mass to convert the mass of lithium carbonate to moles.

Multiply the number of moles by Avogadro's number (6.02 x 1023 molecules/mol) to find the number of molecules.

Let's perform the calculations:

1.27 kg = 1270 g.

The molar mass of Li₂CO₃ is approximately 73.89 g/mol (Li: ~6.94 g/mol, C: ~12.01 g/mol, O: ~16.00 g/mol x 3).

The number of moles of Li2CO3 in 1270 g is 1270 g
divided by 73.89 g/mol = approximately 17.19 mol.

The number of molecules in 17.19 mol is 17.19 mol x 6.02 x 10²³ = 1.035 x 10²⁵ molecules.

Note that we have limited our final answer to three significant figures based on the precision of the given mass.

Final answer:

Boiling water does not involve a chemical change, unlike cleaning the shower with lime away, burning charcoal on the grill, and digesting food.

Explanation:

The process that does not involve a chemical change is boiling water.

Boiling water is a physical change because it does not result in the formation of new substances. When water is boiled, it changes from a liquid to a gas, but the chemical composition of water remains the same.

On the other hand, cleaning the shower with lime away, burning charcoal on the grill, and digesting food all involve chemical changes. Cleaning the shower with lime away involves a chemical reaction to remove lime deposits. Burning charcoal on the grill involves the combustion of carbon compounds. Digesting food involves the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones by enzymes in the digestive system.

Answer:

yes

Explanation:

because u right

Answer:

0.125 L × 1.5 M = 0.1875 mol HCl

0.1875 mol HCl × 1 mol H2O/1 mol HCl = 0.1875 mol H2O

0.1875 mol H2O × 18 g/1 mol = 3.375 g

0.0875 L × 1.75 M = 0.153 mol NaOH

0.153 mol NaOH × 1 mol H2O/1 mol NaOH = 0.153 mol H2O

0.153 mol H2O × 18 g/1mol= 2.756 g

Solution: 2.76 grams

Explanation:

Answer from Edmentum

The correct answer is:

exothermic

Endothermic means it cools down or absorbs heat. Exothermic means it heats up or releases heat. Bond energies determine if a reaction is endothermic or exothermic.

Explanation:

Many chemical reactions consume or release heat and energy as part of the process. An exothermic reaction is any response that releases or gives off energy through the reaction. You can learn this by arranging together 'exo-' which means to exit, with 'therm' which refers to heat. Displayed in a chemical equation: reactants → products + energy.

Answer:

C.) 243 grams

Explanation:

I got it right on founders edtell

Answer:

Carbon and carbon tetrahydride (methane).

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, it is not necessary to compute the particles for all the given masses, it is enough by knowing each substance's moles by knowing their molar mass and subsequently proof they equals 1 mole as long as 1 mole equals 6.022x10²³ which is the Avogadro's number; in such a way, the molar masses are:

[tex]M_C=12.01g/mol\\M_{SiO_2}=60.08g/mol\\M_{O_3}=48g/mol\\M_{CH_4}=16.04g/mol[/tex]

Therefore, the two cases are carbon and carbon tetrahydride or methane as shown below:

[tex]ParticlesC=12.01gC*\frac{1molC}{12.01gC}*\frac{6.022x10^{23}particlesC}{1molC} =6.022x10^{23}particlesC\\ParticlesCH_4=12.01gCH_4*\frac{1molCH_4}{12.01gCH_4}*\frac{6.022x10^{23}particlesCH_4}{1molCH_4}=6.022x10^{23}particlesCH_4[/tex]

Best regards.

Answer: [tex]Na[/tex]

Explanation:

Oxidation reaction : When there is a loss of electrons and thus an increase in oxidation number.

[tex]M\rightarrow M^{n+}+ne^-[/tex]

Reduction reaction : when there is a gain of electrons and thus a decrease in oxidation number.

[tex]M^{n+}+ne^-\rightarrow M[/tex]

Sodium metal has gone under oxidation, as its oxidation state is changing from 0 in [tex]Na[/tex] to +1 in [tex]NaOH[/tex]

[tex]H^+[/tex] ion has gone under reduction, as its oxidation state is changing from +1 in [tex]H^+[/tex] to 0 in [tex]H_2[/tex]

Those chemical agents which get oxidized itself and reduce others is called reducing agents. Thus [tex]Na[/tex] is a reducing agent here.

To calculate the pH of a 0.060 M carbonic acid solution, first, consider the first dissociation of the H2CO3. Calculate [H+] by taking the square root of Ka1 x [H2CO3]. Finally, express [H+] in terms of pH. The calculated pH is 3.69.

To calculate the pH of a 0.060 M carbonic acid solution, we have to consider the stepwise dissociation of the carbonic acid, denoted by its dissociation constants Ka1 and Ka2. To see how this works, let's look at the first dissociation of H2CO3:

Ka1 = [H+][HCO3-]/[H2CO3]

Given, [H2CO3] = 0.060 M and Ka1 = 4.3 × 10-7, we can solve for [H+]. According to the ICE (Initial, Change, Equilibrium) approach, we approximate [H+] by the square root of Ka1 x [H2CO3]. Therefore, [H+] = √(4.3 × 10^-7 × 0.060) = 2.04 x 10^-4. We may ignore the second dissociation (Ka2) as it contributes negligibly to [H+].

Finally, we express [H+] in terms of pH. pH is the negative log to the base 10 of [H+], hence, pH = -log[H+] = -log(2.04 x 10^-4) = 3.69

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Common names for ketones include the names of the alkyl groups attached to the carbonyl group followed by 'ketone'. Ethyl methyl ketone is an example with an ethyl group and a methyl group.

The common names for ketones are typically derived by naming the alkyl groups attached to the carbonyl group, followed by the word ketone. For the ketones listed:

For example, the ketone with four carbon atoms, with an ethyl group and a methyl group on either side of the carbonyl, is commonly known as ethyl methyl ketone.

Answer;

Ba²⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(aq) → BaCO₃(s)

Explanation;

Ionic equation is a chemical equation that is written only showing the ions that have changed state in the course of a reaction. The rest ions called spectator ions are not involved in the reaction and do not change state thus they are not included when writing ionic equations.

-Aqueous compounds ionize in water to form corresponding ions, while precipitates, gases and pure liquids do not.

In our case; The only ions involved are Ba²⁺ and Co3²⁻, the rest are spectator ions, that is, NO3⁻ and Na⁺.

Thus the ionic equation will be;

Ba²⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(aq) → BaCO₃(s)

Assuming that the O2 gas acts like an ideal gas, we find the following expression to be approximates of the behaviour of this gas:

P V = n R T                   ---> 1

where,

P = pressure exerted by the gas

V = volume occupied

n = number of moles

R = universal gas constant

T = absolute temperature

Further, we assume that the number of moles and the temperature are constant, hence reducing equation 1 into the form:

P V = k                         ---> 2

where k is a constant. Therefore we can equate two states:

P1 V1 = P2 V2

Since P1, V1 and V2 are given and we are to look for P2:

25 mL * 2 atm = 100 mL * P2

P2 = 0.5 atm

The sample of [tex]{{\text{O}}_2}[/tex] gas at volume 100 mL will occupy a pressure of  

[tex]\boxed{{\text{0}}{\text{.5 atm}}}[/tex]

Further explanation:

Ideal gas:

An ideal gas contains a large number of randomly moving particles that are supposed to have perfectly elastic collisions among themselves. It is just a theoretical concept, and practically no such gas exists. But gases tend to behave almost ideally at a higher temperature and lower pressure.

Ideal gas law is considered as the equation of state for any hypothetical gas. The expression for the ideal gas equation of gas is as follows:

[tex]{\text{PV}}={\text{nRT}}[/tex]                …… (1)                                                                         

Here,

P is the pressure of the gas.

V is the volume of gas.

n denotes the number of moles of gas.

R is the gas constant.

T is the temperature of gas.

Boyle’s law:

It is an experimental gas law that describes the relationship between pressure and volume of the gas. According to Boyle's law, the volume of the gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of the system, provided that the temperature and the number of moles of gas remain constant.

If the temperature and number of moles of gas are constant then the equation (1) will become as follows:

[tex]{\text{PV}}={\text{constant}}[/tex]                  …… (2)                                                                                                        

Or it can also be expressed as follows:

[tex]{{\text{P}}_1}{{\text{V}}_1}={{\text{P}}_2}{{\text{V}}_2}[/tex]                        …… (3)                                                                                        

Here,

[tex]{{\text{P}}_1}[/tex] is the initial pressure.

[tex]{{\text{P}}_2}[/tex] is the final pressure.

[tex]{{\text{V}}_1}[/tex] is the initial volume.

[tex]{{\text{V}}_2}[/tex] is the final volume.

Rearrange the equation (3) for [tex]{{\text{P}}_2}[/tex]  , and we get,

[tex]{{\text{P}}_2}=\frac{{{{\text{P}}_1}{{\text{V}}_1}}}{{{{\text{V}}_2}}}[/tex]                      …… (4)                                                                                 

[tex]{{\text{P}}_1}[/tex] is 2.0 atm.

[tex]{{\text{V}}_1}[/tex] is 25 mL.

[tex]{{\text{V}}_2}[/tex] is 100 mL.

Substitute the values of [tex]{{\text{P}}_1}[/tex] , [tex]{{\text{V}}_1}[/tex] and [tex]{{\text{V}}_2}[/tex]  in equation(4).

[tex]\begin{aligned}{{\text{P}}_2}&=\frac{{\left( {{\text{25 atm}}}\right)\times\left({{\text{2 mL}}}\right)}}{{\left({{\text{100 mL}}}\right)}}\\&={\text{0}}{\text{.5 atm}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]

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Answer details:

Grade: Senior school

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Ideal gas equation.

Keywords: ideal gas, pressure, volume, temperature, number of moles, initial, final, equation, 25 atm, 2 mL, 100 mL, and 0.5 atm.

Final answer:

Distilled water is a homogeneous mixture, as it is a pure substance with a uniform composition throughout. It is produced by distillation, a process that removes impurities and results in water with consistent properties.

Explanation:

Distilled water is an example of a homogeneous mixture, or more precisely, a pure substance. In the distillation process, water is boiled to produce vapor, which is then condensed back to a liquid form. This process removes impurities and dissolved minerals, resulting in water that is uniform in composition throughout. Distilled water has the same properties and composition in every part of the sample, indicating that it is indeed homogeneous. Unlike heterogeneous mixtures, where components can be physically separated and are not evenly distributed, distilled water's uniformity does not allow for such separation as it is a single compound, H2O, throughout its entirety.

The sugar substitute aspartame is composed of two amino acids.

Aspartame is made from the amino acids aspartic acid and phenylalanine. It is a methyl ester of a dipeptide. Aspartame is 180 times sweeter than sugar and is used as a sugar substitute.

Specifically, aspartame is a methyl ester of a dipeptide made from the amino acids aspartic acid and phenylalanine. These amino acids naturally occur in proteins and contribute to the sweetening properties of aspartame, which is approximately 180 times sweeter than table sugar. Aspartame is widely used in foods and beverages as a non-toxic sugar substitute.

Answer:

All of the above.

Explanation:

The stirring provides an aid to dissolve. So as compared to a not stirred solution the stirred and vigorously stirred solution will show rapid and more solubility of salt.

In order to study any phenomenon or an experiment we should perform the experiment with same conditions in all the trials. It minimizes the errors.

so we have to keep temperature constant, and the same water container in all the three trials. It gives accuracy to the result

Now the repetition is again required but for precision.