Sentencing disparities in the criminal justice system, notably those based on race, are influenced by factors including judicial discretion post-United States vs. Booker and historical policies like the War on Drugs. These disparities are evidence of both ongoing and systemic discrimination that impact sentencing outcomes.
Sentencing disparities often arise from dissimilar treatment of similarly situated individuals based on race within the criminal justice system. Factors contributing to these disparities include racial profiling, biases during pre-trial processes such as setting bail, and differences in sentencing for comparable offenses. For example, studies have shown that African Americans receive sentences approximately 19% longer than whites for similar crimes. This issue has been exacerbated by the Supreme Court ruling in United States vs. Booker, which allowed judges greater discretion in sentencing, potentially increasing the influence of their personal biases on sentencing outcomes. Moreover, policies such as the 'War on Drugs' have disproportionately affected people of color leading to higher rates of incarceration for nonviolent drug offenses. Disparities are not just a result of current practices but also historical injustices that have shaped societal structures, affecting employment, education, and poverty levels.
Baby h.'s mother asks you about cord care and circumcision care for her infant. what should you tell her?
Answer:
To make the care 50% easier just don't cut the babies 20,000 nerve endings off please:)
Explanation:
which area would be most likely to experience a wildfire:a wet area with many lightning strikes,a dry area with few lightning strikes , or a dry area with many lightning strikes ?
Which of the following is not a product or use of tropical rainforest?
a. Food
b. Medicine
c. Tourism
d. None of the above
Answer: Option D
Explanation: Rainforest is the most diverse forest. It has a variety of plants and animal species.
This forest provides us with many resources that helps us commercially, domestically and therapeutically.
Rain forest provides food and shelter to various types of animals living there. It also provides human being with many herbs and medicines and can be a source of recreational activities.
hence, the correct answer is option D
The sides of a composite-cone volcano have which feature?
Yes, the correct answer is Fumaroles!!
What product produced by yeast cells during fermentation causes bread to rise
Answer:
Your answer is Carbon Dioxide
Explanation:
What is sustainability?
Sustainability is a word that is very difficult to define as it is in constant discussion and used with multi-dimensional purposes. In the most colloquial language it is used to refer to the decisions, actions and dispositions to cover the present needs without leaving out the future generations. In other words it deals with a responsible use of resources in order to maitain them over the years. As the industrial era has passed, humans have realized that most of the resources, although renewable, are desapearing because they do not have time to finish their renovation process. Sustainability deals with the decisions that need to taken in order to assure the supply and standar of life over the next decades.
process and package proteins and lipids in the cell?
Answer: Endoplasmic recticulum process and package proteins and lipids in the cell.
Explanation:
Endoplasmic recticulum is an organelles that form flattened dacs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. It function in synthesis and transport of protein and lipids. It is divide into two sub unit, the Rough and smooth endoplasmic recticulum.
The Rough endoplasmic recticulum contain some tiny particle and it is attached to ribosomes, which help in protein synthesis.
The smooth endoplasmic recticulum help to produce fat molecules and lipids which is use for body functioning.
The second stage of prenatal development begins at about two weeks after conception. at this point, the growing bundle of cells is called a(n) __________
After conception, the second stage of prenatal development starts about two weeks later. The developing cell bundle is now referred to as an embryo.
What is the second stage of prenatal development?Prenatal development takes place in three primary stages. The germinal stage is thought to last for the first two weeks after conception.
Followed by the embryonic period from the third to the eighth week, and the fetal period, which lasts from the ninth week until delivery.
Your prenatal development took place in an ordered and delicate sequence, starting as a one-cell structure and ending with delivery.
Therefore, About two weeks after conception, the second stage of fetal development begins. Currently, the growing cell bundle is referred to as an embryo.
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The joining point of two bones fused together is called a suture.
TRUE or FALSE
What cellular organelle helps maintain cell shape and plays an important role in cell division?
The centrosome, housing centrioles, plays a key role in cell division and helps to keep the cell shape. It is the origin of microtubules that aid in chromosome separation during cell division and maintain cell shape by securing organelles and facilitating cytoplasm movement.
Explanation:The cellular organelle that helps maintain cell shape and plays a critical role in cell division is the centrosome. The centrosome, which houses centrioles, is the origin of all microtubules in the cell. These microtubules form a sort of 'railroad track' system that aids in the separation of chromosomes during cell division.
The centrosome duplicates itself before a cell divides, and the centrioles help to pull the duplicated chromosomes to opposite ends of the cell. However, it's not entirely clear how crucial the centrioles are to this process, as cells can still divide after having the centrosomes removed and plant cells, which lack centrosomes, still manage to divide.
Aside from this, microtubules, which emanate from the centrosome, help maintain the cell's shape. They secure organelles in specific positions and allow for the movement of cytoplasm and vesicles within the cell. These functions are vital for maintaining cell integrity and facilitating various cell activities.
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Why are eukaryotic proteins larger than prokaryotic?
Water enters the soil through a process called
Many of the egyptian gods are associated with animals. what are some of these animals? why do you think these particular animals were included in the egyptian myths?
A relationship in which one organisms benefits while the other is not harmed but doesn’t not benefit either is called
A) predation
B) parasitism
C) commensalism
D) mutualism
An increase in ___ in the blood and a resulting drop in ph
What piece of lab equipment should be used when transferring a test tube from the rack into a beaker of hot water? Buret Clamp A Forcep
Answer: Clamp
Explanation:
A test tube clamp or test tube holder is a instrument typically used in chemical and biology laboratories. It is used for holding the test tube while conducting the experiment. It is a safety precaution measure to use the test tube clamp to prevent accidentally injuries like burns. The test tubes may be hot or cool cannot be held by hands hence, the use of test tube clamp is suggested. It helps in holding the test tube while conducting the experiment like mixing of chemicals, heating and keeping in refrigerator.
On the basis of above description, a clamp can be useful piece used as a lab equipment that can be used to transfer the test tube from the rack into the beaker of hot water.
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Sully works as a geologist in the southwestern United States. He plans to choose an unstable isotope to find the absolute age of a rock sample. Which two aspects must he consider before making his choice? (MORE THAN 1)
1. There should be a sufficient amount of the selected isotope in the rock.
2. The isotope should be one that decays at a very fast rate.
3. The isotope must not be found in any neighboring rocks.
4. The half-life of the isotope must be long enough to capture the age of the rock.
5. There should be more than one unstable isotope in the rock.
The correct answers are
1. There should be a sufficient amount of the selected isotope in the rock.
4. The half-life of the isotope must be long enough to capture the age of the rock.
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Patellar responses often strengthen with diversion how do you explain this observation
Patellar responses strengthen with diversion due to the balance of forces in the quadriceps femoris muscle. However, an imbalance can cause the patella to track inappropriately causing pain and potential damage. This can be treated by temporarily ceasing the pain-causing activity and correctly strengthening the muscle to avoid a recurrence.
Explanation:The observation that Patellar responses often strengthen with diversion can be explained based on the concept of muscle balance in the body. The isolated reflex provoked by tapping the tendon below the kneecap (the patellar response) contracts the quadriceps, creating a diversion which strengthens the response.
However, when the pull created by the medial and lateral sides of the quadriceps femoris muscle is irregular, there might be unusual tracking of the patella towards the lateral side. This could potentially cause pain, damage to the articulating surfaces of the patella and femur, and possibly lead to arthritis in the future.
Treatment usually entails pausing the action causing knee discomfort for some time, followed by a gradual return to the activity. To prevent reoccurrence, it is also essential to strengthen the quadriceps femoris muscle correctly to rectify imbalances.
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Final answer:
The patellar response, a spinal reflex, strengthens with diversion because it bypasses brain processes, enabling faster protection and tissue integrity. The knee reflex is an involuntary reaction to stimulation of the patellar tendon. Muscle imbalances can lead to patellofemoral syndrome, highlighting the role of muscle balance in knee health.
Explanation:
The patellar response often strengthens with diversion because it is a spinal reflex that is designed to be quick and protect tissue integrity by bypassing slower brain processes. When the patellar tendon is gently hit, it triggers the quadriceps to contract much faster than voluntary movements since the reflex does not require brain involvement. This reflex action results in the familiar knee , which is an involuntary kick of the lower leg. Moreover, an imbalance in the muscle pull of the quadriceps femoris muscle can lead to patellofemoral syndrome, which underscores the importance of muscle balance for normal patellar tracking and knee health.
What does a hawk derive energy from
In a publishable table format, present your plating results. include expected results and observed results columns in your table. clearly explain why you observe the different colony phenotypes on plates 3 and 4 (transformation b). clearly explain what are the expected colony phenotypes for plate 6 and whether the expected phenotype was observed.
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Which statement describes the amount of rainfall in grasslands?
less than deserts, more than tundras
more than deserts, more than forests
more than deserts, less than forests
less than deserts, less than forests
What are the primary components of panera bread's value chain?
The primary components of Panera Bread's value chain include inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and service.
Explanation:The primary components of Panera Bread's value chain are as follows:
Inbound logistics: This involves receiving and storing raw materials, such as ingredients for their menu items. Panera Bread has a centralized supply chain management system that ensures efficient inbound logistics.Operations: This includes activities such as food preparation, cooking, and baking. Panera Bread follows standardized recipes and uses high-quality ingredients to ensure consistency and quality.Outbound logistics: Once the food is prepared, it is packaged and delivered to the different Panera Bread locations. The company also offers takeout and delivery services.Marketing and sales: Panera Bread invests in advertising, promotions, and digital marketing to attract customers. They also have a loyalty program to retain existing customers.Service: Panera Bread focuses on providing excellent customer service. They have well-trained staff and follow strict hygiene and cleanliness standards.What two recurring events in Earth’s history have an impact on the carbon cycle?
The carbon cycle, vital for life on Earth, is significantly impacted by the burning of fossil fuels and human animal farming practices. These human activities contribute to high levels of CO2 in the atmosphere, disrupting the carbon balance and leading to climate change.
Explanation:Two recurring events in the Earth's history significantly impact the carbon cycle, which comprises two interconnected sub-cycles dealing with the rapid carbon exchange among living organisms and the long-term cycling of carbon through geologic processes.
Firstly, the burning of fossil fuels, accelerated since the 1800s with the onset of the Industrial Revolution, has caused a substantial increase in atmospheric CO2 levels. The combustion of these fuels—derived from ancient plant remains, hence an enormous stockpile of carbon—emits carbon dioxide into the atmosphere thus disrupting the carbon equilibrium.
Secondly, animal husbandry and farming practices contributed by humans have indirectly affected carbon levels. Raising large numbers of animals generates significant amounts of CO2 and methane, another potent greenhouse gas. Both these human-induced processes have been linked to climate change and pose a serious global environmental concern.
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/green sea turtles eat sea grass that grows on the sea floor. sea grass, a foundation species, provides an important breeding ground for fish and other marine organisms. a conservation program for the green sea turtles plans to introduce more turtles into an ecosystem. what could be the immediate effect of this on the ecosystem
Answer:
D) There would be a decrease in the population of marine organisms.
Explanation:
Populations are effected not only because of predation but also due to habitat loss caused by the introduction of a new species into the ecosystem. If more sea turtles are added into the region they would deplete the sea grass, causing a decrease in the population of marine organisms due to the loss of breeding grounds and food source.
Suppose a mutation results in a protein hormone's receptor lacking a binding domain. what is the likely effect of this mutation on the target cell
Which of these materials or structures would be found in greatest amounts or numbers at e?
What is the largest natural population of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring? A) Class B) Family C) Genus D) Species
Answer: D) Species
Explanation: Species are the largest group of organisms in which two organisms of the appropriate sexes are capable of interbreeding typically by sexual reproduction to produce fertile offspring.
What is a galaxy? How many galaxies are there and how many stars does each galaxy hold?
Photosynthesis relies predominantly on light in the visible and near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. this light is capable of
If an individual has the genotype xxx, did non-disjunction occur in their mother or their father (or both) and at which division(s), meiosis i or meiosis ii? check all that apply: