Do compounds have the same properties as the elements that make them up?

The mass number of an isotope is expressed in the name of an atom by placing it after the element's name, separated by a hyphen. For example, Carbon-12.

The mass number of an isotope is represented in the name of an atom by placing it after the element's name, separated by a hyphen. For example, carbon with a mass number of 12 is represented as Carbon-12.

This mass number represents the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. As isotopes of an element have the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons, the mass number differentiates one isotope from another. So, Carbon-12 and Carbon-14 are two isotopes of the Carbon element.

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The balanced chemical equation for the decomposition of TNT into nitrogen gas, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and solid carbon is: 2 C7H5N3O6(s) → 3 N2(g) + 5 H2O(g) + 7 CO(g) + 7C(s). This reaction is exothermic, meaning it releases energy.

The decomposition of TNT (trinitrotoluene) can be represented by a balanced chemical equation that includes solid carbon (C) as one of the products, along with gaseous nitrogen (N2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and water vapor (H2O). The balanced equation is derived by ensuring that the number of atoms for each element is equal on both sides of the reaction. The balanced equation for TNT decomposition is:

2 C7H5N3O6(s) → 3 N2(g) + 5 H2O(g) + 7 CO(g) + 7C(s)

This reaction is exothermic, releasing energy upon explosion. However, it is important to note that the real decomposition of TNT can be more complex, and the products can vary depending on the conditions. For simplicity, this equation assumes that all the carbon is converted to solid carbon, not carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide which could also be formed.

higher gas pressure

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Final answer:

In the decay of iodine-131 to xenon-131, a beta particle and gamma rays are emitted as the nucleus transitions from an unstable to a stable state.

Explanation:

When the radioactive nucleus of iodine-131 (131I_53) decays, it emits a beta particle (an electron, β) and transforms into an unstable form of xenon-131 (131Xe_54m), which is then followed by a gamma decay. The gamma decay involves the emission of gamma rays as the nucleus transitions from its excited state (131Xe_54m) to its ground state, resulting in a stable isotope of xenon-131 (131Xe_54). This process can be written as follows:

This type of decay is common in nuclear reactions and is one method of radioactive decay wherein unstable nuclei transition to a more stable form.

A periodic trend on the periodic table is represented by a repeating pattern

Final answer:

To find the molecular formula of a compound with a given percent composition and molar mass, we first determine the empirical formula based on the moles ratio of elements. Then, by comparing the molar mass of the empirical formula to the given molar mass, we identify the molecular formula as C6H12O6 (glucose).

Explanation:

The question asks for the molecular formula of a compound with a known percent composition and molar mass. First, we calculate the empirical formula using the percent composition by assuming a 100g sample, thus directly converting percentages to grams. Then, we divide the masses by the molar mass of each element to get the mole ratio. Finally, we find the molecular formula by relating the empirical formula mass to the given molar mass of the compound.

Step 1: Calculate moles based on percent composition

Carbon (C): 40.0g, determining moles as 40.0g / 12.01g/mol = 3.33 moles

Hydrogen (H): 6.72g, determining moles as 6.72g / 1.01g/mol = 6.65 moles

Oxygen (O): 53.28g, determining moles as 53.28g / 16.00g/mol = 3.33 moles

Step 2: Determine the empirical formula

The moles ratio for C:H:O roughly simplifies to Int(1):2:1, indicating the empirical formula CH2O.

Step 3: Determine the molecular formula

The molar mass of the empirical formula (CH2O) is 30 g/mol. Since the compound's molar mass is given as 180 g/mol, this suggests the molecular formula contains six times the number of atoms in the empirical formula, making it C6H12O6, which is the molecular formula for glucose.

Answer:

26 protons, 26 electrons, 30 neutrons

Explanation:

Let P = protons, N = neutrons, E = electrons

The mass number of an atom is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom.

The number of neutrons is the difference between the mass and atomic numbers of the atom

Therefore, 56 = P + N

where N = 56 - 26

N = 30

That means the number of neutrons is 30

To find P, 56 = P + N, N being 30

56 is now P + 30

56 = P + 30

56 - 30 = P

P = 26

Now, for an atom in its neutral state, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons

Therefore, E is also 26

Answer: The chemical formula for the compound is [tex]COCl_2[/tex]

Explanation:

A chemical compound which is formed by the combination of carbon, oxygen and chlorine atoms.

We are given:

Number of carbon atoms in the compound = 1

Number of oxygen atoms in the compound = 1

Number of chlorine atoms in the compound = 2

The chemical formula for the compound will be [tex]COCl_2[/tex]. The chemical name for the given compound is phosgene.

Hence, the compound is [tex]COCl_2[/tex]

The volume of solid ice is greater than the volume of water. In winter in the absence of heat water in the pipe freezes, as ice takes greater space to fit in than water, the pipe burst in winter in the absence of heating.

Freezing of water is an exothermic process (heat is released by the system into the surrounding) where as melting of ice is an endothermic process (heat is absorbed by the system from the surrounding). If the heat was on it would prevent ice formation in the pipes.

The water pipes burst due to the expansion of water in them.

Water behaves in an anomalous manner. While most substances expand when heated and contract when cooled, water begins to expand at 4°C.

As a result of this, solid water is less dense than liquid water because it has more volume than liquid water.

Since solid water has more volume compared to liquid water, the pipes may no longer be able to contain the expanding water which has turned to ice leading to the bursting of the water pipes.

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Answer : The correct option is, 4-methyl-2-hexyne  

Explanation :

The rules for naming of alkyne are :

According to the given information, the name of the hydrocarbon is, 4-methyl-2-hexyne.

The structure of given compound is shown below.

The hydrocarbon described in the question, a chain with methyl groups (CH3) at either end and a carbon-carbon triple bond in the middle, is named as 4-methyl-2-hexyne.

The structure you've provided corresponds to the hydrocarbon named as

4-methyl-2-hexyne

. This hydrocarbon has two methyl groups (CH

3

) at the ends of the main carbon chain, and in the middle, it includes a carbon-carbon triple bond as suggested by '-yne' ending. The placement of the methyl group is at the 4th position as the counting starts from the end of the chain closer to the triple bond.

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Final answer:

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between molecular nitrogen (N₂) and oxygen (O₂) to form nitrogen monoxide (NO) is N₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2 NO(g). It ensures there is an equal number of nitrogen and oxygen atoms on both sides of the equation.

Explanation:

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of molecular nitrogen (N₂) with oxygen (O₂) to form nitrogen monoxide (NO) is:

N₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2 NO(g)

Each molecule of nitrogen monoxide consists of one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom. To balance the chemical equation, we must have equal numbers of each type of atom on either side of the arrow. Since we start with two nitrogen atoms on the left, we need two nitrogen atoms on the right, which means we'll need two NO molecules. The same logic applies to oxygen, therefore we need only one O₂ molecule to balance the two oxygen atoms needed to produce the two NO molecules. Thus, the equation is balanced with one N₂, one O₂, and two NO molecules.

Answer: The mass of carbon dioxide produced is 46.7 grams.

Explanation:

To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:

[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}[/tex]      .....(1)

Given mass of hexane = 15.6

Molar mass of hexane = 88.2 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

[tex]\text{Moles of hexane}=\frac{15.6g}{88.2g/mol}=0.177mol[/tex]

The chemical equation for the combustion of hexane follows:

[tex]2C_6H_{14}+19O_2\rightarrow 12CO_2+14H_2O[/tex]

As, oxygen gas is present in excess, it is considered as an excess reagent.

Thus, hexane is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

2 moles of hexane produces 12 moles of carbon dioxide

So, 0.177 moles of hexane will produce = [tex]\frac{12}{2}\times 0.177=1.062mol[/tex] of carbon dioxide

Now, calculating the mass of carbon dioxide by using equation 1:

Molar mass of carbon dioxide = 44 g/mol

Moles of carbon dioxide = 1.062 moles

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

[tex]1.062mol=\frac{\text{Mass of carbon dioxide}}{44g/mol}\\\\\text{Mass of carbon dioxide}=(1.062mol\times 44g/mol)=46.7g[/tex]

Hence, the mass of carbon dioxide produced is 46.7 grams.

The atomic number and mass number for the carbon isotope with seven neutrons are 6 and 13, respectively.

The atomic number and mass number for the carbon isotope with seven neutrons can be determined using the information given. The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus, which for carbon is always 6. The mass number is the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus, so for carbon with seven neutrons, the mass number is 13. Therefore, the atomic number and mass number for the carbon isotope with seven neutrons are 6 and 13, respectively.

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The correct answer among the choices would be:

D. Fluorine (F)

Among all the elements, fluorine is the most electronegative element. Electronegativity refers to the measure of tendency of an electron to be attracted to that element. Since Fluorine is very electronegative, it can easily absorb the electrons of other elements. Since it sucks up electron, this gives Fluorine an excess electron thus making it a negative ion F-.

Answer: Bromine (Br)

Explanation:

Answer: It binds protons and neutrons

Explanation:  Nuclear forces are that kind of forces of attraction which binds the nucleons around the nucleus.

Nucleons are the particles present in the nucleus . Thus protons and neutrons are known as Nucleons.

Protons are positively charged particle and neutrons are neutral in nature and they both experience almost identical forces of attraction.

2.72 moles of HF are needed to react with 0.340 mol of Na₂SiO₃ based on the balanced chemical equation.

To determine how many moles of HF are needed to react with 0.340 mol of Na₂SiO₃, we need to look at the balanced chemical equation:

Na₂SiO₃(s) + 8 HF(aq) -> H₂SiF₆(aq) + 2 NaF(aq) + 3 H₂O(l)

The balanced equation shows that 1 mole of Na₂SiO₃ reacts with 8 moles of HF. Therefore, to find the moles of HF needed for 0.340 mol of Na₂SiO₃, we use the ratio:

(0.340 mol Na₂SiO₃) * (8 mol HF / 1 mol Na₂SiO₃) = 2.72 mol HF

Therefore, 2.72 moles of HF are needed to react with 0.340 mol of Na₂SiO₃.

To solve this we assume that the gas is an ideal gas. Then, we can use the ideal gas equation which is expressed as PV = nRT. At number of moles the value of PV/T is equal to some constant. At another set of condition of temperature, the constant is still the same. Calculations are as follows:

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

P2 = P1 (V1) (T2) / (T1) (V2)

P2 = 475 kPa (4 m^3) (277 K) / (290 K) (6.5 m^3)

P2 = 279.20 kPa

Therefore, the changes in the temperature and the volume lead to a change in the pressure of the system which is from 475 kPa to 279.20 kPa. So, there is a decrease in the pressure.

Answer:

[tex]6.19*10}^{6}[/tex] g of Oxygen

Explanation:

In order to answer the question the Avogadro´s number is needed:

Avogadro´s number = [tex]6.022*10^{23}[/tex][tex]mol^{-1}[/tex]

Calculate the mass using the Avogadro´s number:

[tex]2.33*10^{20}atomsO*\frac{1molO}{6.022*10^{23}atomsO}*\frac{16gO}{1molO}*\frac{1*10^{9}g}{1g}=6.19*10}^{6}[/tex] g of Oxygen

Answer: The correct answer is atomic number, mass number.

Explanation:

Isotopes are defined as the chemical species which have same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons.

It can also be said that they are the chemical species of the same element which have same atomic number but have different mass number.

For Example:  [tex]_6^{12}\textrm{C}\text{ and }_6^{14}\textrm{C}[/tex] are the isotopes of carbon element, which have same atomic number but different mass number.

Hence, the correct answer is atomic number, mass number.

Answer:

0.0109 mol

Explanation:

Took the exam.

The true statement about color in a fiber is that the color depends upon the lighting source, because fibers absorb some wavelengths of light and reflect others. Different illumination can change the perceived color of the fiber.

The statement 'the color depends upon the lighting source' is true when considering color in a fiber. The true color of an object, including fibers, is defined by its absorptive or reflective characteristics, which is how the object interacts with various wavelengths of light. When an object is illuminated by white light (a mixture of all visible wavelengths), it reflects some wavelengths while absorbing others; the reflected wavelengths determine the color we perceive. If illuminated by colored light, the object can appear a different color. For example, under pure red light, a blue object will appear black because it absorbs the red light. Furthermore, the color of fibers is not always a result of pigments as structural coloration also exists, and there is a wide variety of dyes that can be used for fibers, not just a few.

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Answer:

The diagonal rule states that electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing "quantum number sum" (n + ℓ). When two orbitals share the same "quantum number sum", they will be filled in order of increasing n.

Explanation:The electrons in an atom fill up its atomic orbitals according to the Aufbau Principle; "Aufbau," in German, means "building up." The Aufbau Principle, which incorporates the Pauli Exclusion Principle and Hund's Rule prescribes a few simple rules to determine the order in which electrons fill atomic orbitals:

Electrons always fill orbitals of lower energy first. 1s is filled before 2s, and 2s before 2p.

The Pauli Exclusion Principle states no two electrons within a particular atom can have identical quantum numbers. In function, this principle means that if two electrons occupy the same orbital, they must have opposite spin.

Hund's Rule states that when an electron joins an atom and has to choose between two or more orbitals of the same energy, the electron will prefer to enter an empty orbital rather than one already occupied. As more electrons are added to the atom, these electrons tend to half-fill orbitals of the same energy before pairing with existing electrons to fill orbitals.

Valence Electrons:

The outermost orbital shell of an atom is called its valence shell, and the electrons in the valence shell are valence electrons. Valence electrons are the highest energy electrons in an atom and are therefore the most reactive. While inner electrons (those not in the valence shell) typically don't participate in chemical bonding and reactions, valence electrons can be gained, lost, or shared to form chemical bonds. For this reason, elements with the same number of valence electrons tend to have similar chemical properties, since they tend to gain, lose, or share valence electrons in the same way. The Periodic Table was designed with this feature in mind. Each element has a number of valence electrons equal to its group number on the Periodic Table.