explain the law of conservative of energy, give a specific example using kinetic and potential energy that shows how energy is conversed. ​

Answer:

Explanation:

Answer:There are 5.418×10^24 hydrogen atoms present in the ammonia.

Explanation:

Ammonia (NH3) is a molecule that exists as a gas at Standard temperature (298 K). It contains atoms of Nitrogen and Hydrogen in atomic ratio of 1:3. We can represent it in equation as:

N2 + 3H2 <------> 2NH3

One molecule of NH3 contains one atom of Nitrogen (N) and three atoms of Hydrogen (H). That is 3 atoms of Hydrogen are present in every 1 molecule of NH3. We can as well say that 1 atom of Hydrogen is present in 1/3 molecule of NH3.

Number of NH3 molecules = 1/3 × number of hydrogen atoms

Number of NH3 molecules = 18.06 × 10^23 molecules at 25°C

18.06× 10^23 molecules = 1/3 × number of hydrogen atoms

Cross multiply,

Number of hydrogen atoms= 3× 18.06×10^23 molecules

Number of hydrogen atoms= 5.418×10^24 atoms

Therefore, there are 5.418×10^24 hydrogen atoms present in the ammonia.

Answer:

Concentration of the reactants decreases;

Rate of a reaction decreases

Explanation:

Since volume is held constant in a solution, the concentration of the reactants will decrease.

Simply speaking, concentration is the ratio between moles and volume. Volume is constant here. Over time, the number of moles of the reactants will decrease, as they react to produce products and they are disappearing. Since moles are directly proportional to concentration, this implies that concentration will also decrease, while the concentration of the products will increase, as they're formed.

The rate of a reaction decreases as the reaction continues, as we have lower and lower amounts of the reactants remaining in the solution as time progresses. Therefore, the probability of a successful collision leading to products decreases.

The Ca-40 notation indicates that this calcium isotope has a mass number of 40, which is made up of 20 protons and 20 neutrons.

The symbol Ca-40 represents a calcium isotope and indicates the mass number of this particular atom. The mass number is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus. Calcium's atomic number, which is the number of protons, is 20. To find the number of neutrons, we subtract the atomic number from the mass number. Hence, the number of neutrons in Ca-40 is 40 - 20 = 20 neutrons. From the provided options, the correct statement is D. A calcium atom has a mass number of 40.

The symbol Ca-40 denotes a calcium atom which has a mass number of 40. The mass number is the sum of the protons and the neutrons in an atom. To find the number of neutrons, we subtract the number of protons from the mass number. Therefore, the correct answer is D. a calcium atom has a mass number of 40.

Answer:

The reactant that has the atom that gets oxidized

Explanation:

A redox reaction is a reaction in which one substance is oxidized and one is reduced. The easiest way to remember the patterns of any redox reaction is to follow a simple abbreviation: OILRIG.

This acronym stands for: oxidation is loss, reduction is gain (of electrons). Therefore, if a substance is oxidized, then it loses electrons. If a substance is reduced, it gains electrons.

Let's take a look at the following example:

[tex]Cu (s) + 2 Ag^+ (aq)\rightarrow Cu^{2+} (aq) + 2 Ag (s)[/tex]

Notice that copper loses two electrons, as it becomes positively charged:

[tex]Cu (s)\rightarrow Cu^{2+} (aq) + 2e^-[/tex]

Since electrons are on the right-hand side, it means we produce them (they are lost). Hence, copper in this equation is oxidized. Similarly:

[tex]Ag^+(aq)+e^-\rightarrow Ag(s)[/tex]

Now, silver cation gains electrons to become solid silver, neutrally charged, meaning it is reduced.

In terms of an oxidizing/reducing agents, the thought process is opposite: in an oxidation process, we have a reducing agent, hence, Cu (s) is our reducing agent. In a reduction process, we have an oxidizing agent, hence, silver cation is our oxidizing agent.

Both reducing and oxidizing agents are reactants.

Therefore, reducing agent is a reactant that has the atom that gets oxidized.

Answer: A

Explanation:

a p e x

Answer:

B.

Explanation: hoped i helped =O

Answer:

[tex]\large \boxed{\text{6 L}}[/tex]

Explanation:

We can use Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining Volumes to solve this problem.

Gases at the same temperature and pressure react in the same ratios as their coefficients in the balanced equation.

1. Write the chemical equation.

Ratio:  1 L     3 L

           N₂ + 3H₂ ⟶ 2NH₃  

V/L:      2

2. Calculate the volume of H₂.

According to Gay-Lussac, 3 L of H₂ react with 1 L of N₂.

Then, the conversion factor is (3 L H₂/1 L N₂).

[tex]\text{Volume of H}_{2} = \text{2 L N}_{2} \times \dfrac{ \text{3 L H}_{2} }{\text{1 L N}_{2}}= \textbf{6 L H}_{2}\\\text{You need $\large \boxed{\textbf{6 L}}$ of hydrogen,}[/tex]

To react completely with 2.0 L of nitrogen, you would need 6.0 L of hydrogen according to the stoichiometric ratio of the balanced chemical reaction N2 + 3 H2 → 2 NH3.

For a complete reaction of nitrogen (N2) to form ammonia (NH3), you need three times the volume of hydrogen (H2) as the provided volume of nitrogen. Given that the balanced equation is N2 + 3 H2 → 2 NH3, and we know that one mole of a gas occupies 22.4 L at standard conditions, you can calculate the required volume of hydrogen. If you have 2.0 L of nitrogen, using the mole ratio of nitrogen to hydrogen from the balanced equation which is 1:3, you would need 3 times the volume of hydrogen gas. Hence you would need 2.0 L * 3 = 6.0 L of hydrogen for a complete reaction with 2.0 L of nitrogen.

Answer:

The mass of an average copper atom is [tex]1.0548\times 10^{-22}\ g[/tex]

Explanation:

Given:

The total mass of copper atoms, [tex]m = 63.5\ g[/tex]

Number of atoms, [tex]N=6.02\times 10^{23}[/tex]

Now, we are asked to find the mass of 1 copper atom.

We use unitary method to find the mass of 1 copper atom.

Mass of [tex]N[/tex] atoms = m

∴ Mass of 1 atom = [tex]\frac{m}{N}[/tex]

Plug in 63.5 for 'm', [tex]6.02\times 10^{23}[/tex] for 'N' and simply.

Mass of 1 atom = [tex]\dfrac{63.5}{6.02\times 10^{23}}=1.0548\times 10^{-22}\ g[/tex]

Therefore, the mass of an average copper atom is [tex]1.0548\times 10^{-22}\ g[/tex]

The mass of an average copper atom is approximately 1.055 x 10^-22 g.

To calculate the mass of an average copper atom, we can use the given information that a sample of copper with a mass of 63.5 g contains 6.02 x 10^23 atoms. We can set up a proportion with the mass and the number of atoms:

63.5 g / 6.02 x 10^23 atoms = x g / 1 atom

Solving for x, we find that the mass of an average copper atom is approximately 1.055 x 10^-22 g.

Metallic Properties: Copper is a metal, and as such, it exhibits typical metallic properties. It is a good conductor of electricity and heat, has a metallic luster, is malleable and ductile, and forms positive ions (Cu^+) in chemical reactions.

Oxidation States: Copper can exist in different oxidation states, with the most common ones being +1 (cuprous) and +2 (cupric). The oxidation state depends on the specific chemical environment.

Density and Melting Point: The density of copper is approximately 8.96 grams per cubic centimeter, and it has a melting point of about 1,984 degrees Celsius (3,603 degrees Fahrenheit).

These characteristics contribute to the overall understanding of the behavior and properties of a typical or average copper atom. Keep in mind that specific conditions, such as temperature and pressure, can influence certain properties of atoms and elements.

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Answer:

Group 14  

Explanation:

The elements of the Periodic Table are arranged into 18 Groups.

Among the "main group elements" — those in Groups 1, 2 and 13 to 18 — the number of valence electrons —  the number of electrons in the outermost energy level —  corresponds to the last digit of  the Group number.

Thus, Group 14 contains the elements with four valence electrons — C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, and Fl.

Final answer:

The grams of zinc needed are 11.98 g.

Explanation:

To determine how many grams of zinc are needed to produce 25.0 g of [tex]ZnCl2[/tex], we first need to calculate the molar mass of [tex]ZnCl2[/tex] which is (65.39 g/mol for Zn + 2 × 35.45 g/mol for Cl) = 136.29 g/mol.

Next, using stoichiometry, we use the molar mass of [tex]ZnCl2[/tex] to find out how many moles 25.0 g of [tex]ZnCl2[/tex] is, and subsequently, using the molar mass of Zn (65.39 g/mol), we find out the mass of Zn that would produce that number of moles of [tex]ZnCl2[/tex]

The calculation goes as follows:

Calculate moles of [tex]ZnCl2[/tex]: 25.0 g ZnCl2 ÷ 136.29 g/mol = 0.1833 mol [tex]ZnCl2[/tex]

Since the stoichiometry between Zn and ZnCl2 is 1:1, we have the same number of moles of Zn.

Calculate mass of Zn needed: 0.1833 mol Zn × 65.39 g/mol = 11.98 g Zn

Therefore, 11.98 g of zinc are needed to produce 25.0 g of [tex]ZnCl2[/tex]

The pressure in a propane tank changes based on temperature due to Gay-Lussac's Law. On a hot day, the pressure in the tank will be higher than on a cold day. It's important to take into account the air temperature when deciding to refill the tank.

The pressure inside a propane tank, such as one used for a BBQ grill, changes based on temperature due to Gay-Lussac's Law. In simplified terms, this principle states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when the volume is held constant.

So, if a propane tank is left outside on a hot summer day, the gas inside the tank would get heated and its pressure would increase. Conversely, if the tank is left outside on a cold winter day, the temperature inside the tank would be lower and hence, its pressure would decrease.

This is why gauges that measure the pressure inside the propane tank register a higher pressure on a hot day than on a cold day. Therefore, when using gas grills, air temperature should be considered when deciding whether to refill the tank or not before the next cookout.

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Answer: Choice D, The solid is a poor conductor and the liquid is a good conductor

Explanation:

Final answer:

The indication that a compound is ionic is that its solid form is a poor conductor of electricity, while its liquid (molten) form is a good conductor due to the free movement of ions.

Explanation:

The test conclusion that indicates that the compound is ionic would be that the solid is a poor conductor, and the liquid is a good conductor. This is because in solid ionic compounds, the strong ionic bonds hold the ions in place, preventing them from moving freely and conducting electricity. However, when the ionic compound is melted or dissolved in water, the ions are free to move about, which allows the liquid form to conduct electricity. Therefore, the correct option is that the solid is a poor conductor, and the liquid is a good conductor.

Answer:2)volume

Explanation:

Answer:

Volume.

Explanation:

Concentration is defined as the ratio between the amount of substance in terms of mass units or moles and the volume or mass of a solution. There are many ways to look at it.

1. Molarity: it's the measure of concentration expressed as moles of solute divided by the volume of the solution in liters (mol/L units, or M);

2. Molality: the measure of concentration expressed as moles of solute divided by the mass of solvent in kilograms (mol/kg units, or m);

3. Percent mass: the measure of concentration expressed as mass of the component divided by the total mass of the mixture (%w/w, or simply %);

4. Percent volume: similar to percent mass, but in this case we divide the volume of the component by the volume of the mixture (%V/V);

5. Mole fraction: this is the ratio between the moles of component and the total moles of all the components present in the mixture (dimensionless, but might be expressed as percentage if needed).

As you can see, concentration can be expressed very differently. What unites all of these concepts is the fact that we're looking at a fraction of the solute/component with respect to the total mass/volume of the solution or the mixture.

Typically, we're interested in molarity, as it's used most often, that is, the ratio between the moles and volume. Remembering that moles is directly proportional to mass (moles are equal to mass divided by molar mass), we may also measure concentration as mass/volume fraction instead of moles/volume.

Answer:

The equilibrium concentration are :

[tex]{H_{2}}[/tex] =  0.04 M

[tex]{I_{2}}[/tex] = 0.04 M

[tex]{HI}[/tex] = 0.16 M

Explanation:

[tex]{H_{2}} + {I_{2}} \rightleftharpoons 2 HI[/tex]

it means 1 mole of iodine and hydrogen produce 2 mole of HI

Concentration(C) : Moles per unit volume.It is expressed in Molarity

(M=mol/L )

[tex]concentration = \frac{moles}{volume}[/tex]

Initial moles :

[tex]{H_{2}}[/tex] = 1.00

So, [tex]C = \frac{1}{V}[/tex]

[tex]{I_{2}}[/tex] = 1.00

[tex]C = \frac{1}{V}[/tex]

[tex]{HI}[/tex] = 0

[tex]C = \frac{0}{V}[/tex]

let during the reaction x moles of both [tex]{H_{2}}[/tex] and [tex]{I_{2}}[/tex] get dissociated , then

At equilibrium ,

[tex]{H_{2}}[/tex] = 1.00 - x

[tex]C = \frac{1-x}{V}[/tex]

For iodine

[tex]{I_{2}}[/tex] = 1.00 - x

[tex]C = \frac{1-x}{V}[/tex]

1.00 - x mole of hydrogen will produce 2x of HI

[tex]{HI}[/tex] = 2x

[tex]C = \frac{2x}{V}[/tex]

[tex]K_{eq} = \frac{[products]^{coefficient}}{[reactants]^{coefficient}}[/tex]

On solving for x , (look at the image)

[tex]{H_{2}}[/tex] =  0.04 M

[tex]{I_{2}}[/tex] = 0.04 M

[tex]{HI}[/tex] = 0.16 M

Final answer:

To find the equilibrium concentrations of H₂, I₂, and HI in the reaction H₂(g) + I₂(g) → 2HI(g), we must solve a quadratic equation using the given Keq of 64.0 and the initial concentrations calculated from the amounts and volume of the container.

Explanation:

Equilibrium Concentrations Calculation

To determine the equilibrium concentration of species in a reaction mixture, we can use the equilibrium constant (Keq) and the initial concentrations. For the reaction H₂(g) + I₂(g) → 2HI(g), we're given that the initial amounts are 1.00 mole of H₂ and 1.00 mole of I₂ placed into a 5-liter container. The equilibrium constant (Keq) at the reaction temperature is 64.0.

First, we calculate the initial concentrations:
Initial concentration of H₂ = (1.00 mole) / (5.00 L) = 0.20 M
Initial concentration of I₂ = (1.00 mole) / (5.00 L) = 0.20 M
Initially, the concentration of HI is zero since the reaction hasn't started.

At equilibrium, we'll have changed concentrations as follows, assuming x moles of H₂ react:
[H₂] = [I₂] = 0.20 M - x
[HI] = 0 + 2x

From the equilibrium expression,
Keq = [HI]^2 / ([H₂][I₂])
64.0 = (2x)^2 / ((0.20 - x)(0.20 - x))
We solve this quadratic equation for x to find the equilibrium concentrations.

After finding the value of x, we can determine the concentrations at equilibrium:
[H₂] = [I₂] = 0.20 M - x
[HI] = 2x

Answer:

True

Explanation:

The formation of ozone molecules from oxygen molecules is quite a complex radical mechanism, besides, it usually involves the radicals of other gases present in the atmosphere.

Sunlight promotes the formation of these radicals and this is true that in the atmosphere, oxygen is converted into ozone by the following net reaction:

[tex]3 O_2 (g) \rightarrow 2 O_3 (g)[/tex]

The oxygen molecules present in the ocean may have enough kinetic energy to escape the surface of the ocean and reach the atmosphere. When sunlight is used, this conversion from oxygen to ozone becomes possible.

Answer:

They have to

Explanation:

It occurs when 2 or more molecules interact and their bonds change

Answer:

2.0 mL of 10.5 M H2O2, where H2O2 has a molar mass of 34 g/mol.

Explanation:

It is most concentrated because it contains 10.5 M of Hydrogen peroxide.

Answer:100 mL of 10 M NaCl, where NaCl has a molar mass of 58 g/mol

Explanation:

Concentration refers to the amount of substance in moles present in a solution. Number of moles is obtained from; number of moles= concentration*volume

For our chosen answer, 100/1000 * 10=1 mole. If we follow this procedure to calculate the amount of other solutions stated in the question, we will realize that 100ml of 10M NaCl has the highest number of moles present. Since concentration has to do with the number of moles present in a solution, this is the most concentrated solution.

Final answer:

The warming of a room by an oven is because of convection, which is the movement of warm air that distributes heat throughout the space. Conduction occurs during direct contact with the heat source, while radiation happens when heat travels through a vacuum or air without the necessity for a medium. So the correct option is C.

Explanation:

The process through which an entire room could be warmed by turning on the oven and opening the oven door is convection. This is because convection is the heat transfer by the macroscopic movement of a fluid, which in this case, is the air in the room. As the oven heats the air close to it, this warm air rises and cooler air moves in to take its place, setting up a circulation pattern that distributes the heat throughout the room.

Latent heat is transferred into the air by none of the above options, as latent heat is associated with phase changes, such as water evaporating or condensing, not directly with convection, conduction, or radiation.

Heat transfer by circulation of a fluid is called convection. In the case of heat transfer from a fire or the Sun, where there is no material medium, radiation is the form of heat transfer. Lastly, when there is direct contact between the source and an animal, the method of heat exchange that occurs is conduction.

Answer:

It is proportional to its weight.

Explanation:

Answer:

The correct answer is "It is proportional to its weight."

Explanation:

Mass is the amount of matter that a body contains. Weight is the action exerted by the force of gravity on the body.

The mass of an object will always be the same, regardless of where it is located, because the amount of matter does not vary. Instead, the weight of the object will vary according to the force of gravity acting on it.

The mass is measured in kilograms (kg) and the weight is measured in newtons (N).

The weight is equal to the product of the object's mass and the value of the local gravitational acceleration:

P = m * g

It can be seen that the weight is proportional to the mass of the object.

Answer:

False

Explanation:

"Projectile motion is a form of motion experienced by an object or particle that is thrown near the Earth's surface and moves along a curved path under the action of gravity only. This curved path was shown by Galileo to be a parabola." -Wikipedia

The object does not take a parabolic trajectory through the air.

Answer:

n≈8,29×10⁸ moles

Explanation:

Nᴀ=6.02×10²³ (constant)

n=N/Nᴀ=

[tex] = \frac{ {4.99 \times 10}^{32} }{6.02 \times 10 ^{23} } = 828903654 [/tex]

≈8,29×10⁸ moles

Answer:

Correct option is D) The neutron has a neutral charge, which made it impossible to discover using  previous experiments with positive and negative charges.

Explanation:

The protons are the positively charged particles of an atom. The electrons are the negatively charged particles of an atom. As both the particles carry some kind of charge i.e either positive or negative, hence their discovery was easier.

The neutrons are the part of an atom which are neutral and do not carry any charge. Hence, their discovery took a more longer time as compared to the discovery of electrons and protons.

Final answer:

Food in ecosystems without sunlight is produced through chemosynthesis, a process where chemoautotrophs convert inorganic compounds into organic matter, supporting various deep-sea organisms.

Explanation:

The production of food in ecosystems without sunlight is primarily achieved through a process known as chemosynthesis. Chemosynthesis is the biological conversion of one or more carbon-containing molecules (usually carbon dioxide or methane) and nutrients into organic matter using the oxidation of inorganic compounds (such as hydrogen sulfide or ammonia) as a source of energy, rather than sunlight, as in photosynthesis. This process is utilized by a specialized group of bacteria, known as chemoautotrophs. Option A

Chemoautotrophs are commonly found in extreme environments, such as hydrothermal vents on the ocean floor. Here, they synthesize organic compounds by harnessing the energy from chemical reactions involving inorganic molecules, which are abundant in these regions. This in turn supports a diverse ecosystem, with organisms like tubeworms, crustaceans, and octopuses that rely on these bacteria for their own energy needs.

Amino acid sequence.

Result: Amino acid sequence get changed in DNA mutation.

Answer:

Shape

Explanation:

I got it right on the tests.

Hope it helps.

Answer No 1:

The chemical model that is flawed is:

4 C2 + S8 → 4 CS2

In this reaction, there are more number of carbon atoms in the reactants but lesser number of cabon atoms in the products. For a reaction to be balanced, there should be the same number  of atoms in the reactants and products. Hence, option A does not represent a balanced equation.

Answer No 2:

The correct option is B) The model shows an unbalanced number of carbon atoms.

Consider the equation:

4 C2 + S8 → 4 CS2

In the reactants side of the equation, there are 8 atoms of carbon. In the products side there are only four carbon atoms. This shows that this equation in not balanced because of the carbon atoms.

The number of sulfur atoms remains same before the reaction and after the reaction. There are eight sulfur atoms in the reactants as well as products.

Answer:

A. 1.63g/dm^3 (3 s.f.)

B. 0.833g/dm^3 (3 s.f.)

C. 1.92g/dm^3 (3 s.f.)

Explanation:

Please see attached picture for full solution.

The density of gases at STP can be calculated using the molar mass and molar volume. C3H3 has a density of 1.74 g/L, Ne has a density of 0.90 g/L, and NO2 has a density of 2.06 g/L at STP.

A. C3H3 (Propyne):

To calculate the density, we need to know the molar mass of the gas. The molar mass of C3H3 is 39.05 g/mol. At STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure), the molar volume of a gas is 22.4 L/mol. Therefore, the density of C3H3 at STP is:

Density = molar mass / molar volume

Density = 39.05 g/mol / 22.4 L/mol

Density = 1.74 g/L

B. Ne (Neon):

The molar mass of Neon is 20.18 g/mol. Using the same formula as above, we can calculate the density of Neon at STP:

Density = 20.18 g/mol / 22.4 L/mol

Density = 0.90 g/L

C. NO2 (Nitrogen Dioxide):

The molar mass of NO2 is 46.01 g/mol. Again, using the formula:

Density = 46.01 g/mol / 22.4 L/mol

Density = 2.06 g/L

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Answer:

option A: Allow some of the helium to leak out in the air

option B: place the tank outside on a cold winter day

Explanation:

To choose the correct answer we will check each option one by one

option A:

Allow some of the helium to leak out in the air

The pressure will be decrease inside the tank when volume of gas in the container decrease. as we leak the helium gas from tank the number of molecules in the tank decreases that exert pressure on the wall of the container.

option B:

place the tank outside on a cold winter day

when we keep the tank in cold winter the kinetic energy of the molecules of the gas reduces also upon cooling the inter-molecular forces start operating and it decrease the collision of molecules with wall of the container and pressure inside tank decreases.

option C:

Place the tank in the trunk of a car on a hot summer day

when we keep the tank in the trunk of a car on a hot summer day the kinetic energy of the molecules of the gas  increases and also upon increased temperature inter-molecular forces decrease and molecule move apart so the collision of molecules with wall of the container increases and pressure inside tank also increases.

option D:

Add more helium atoms to the tank

if we increases the volume of the gas in the container by adding more atoms in the tank it increases the pressure inside the tank and exert more pressure on the wall of the container so pressure inside the tank increase

So,

only option A and B is correct.

Without the context of the Chemthink problem you're facing, it's tough to provide an exact answer. Regardless, your answer should be grounded in fundamental chemistry principles, and remember that accuracy is vital in any calculations you might have to make.

It's challenging to provide an exact answer without the context of the Chemthink problem that you are working on. Chemthink is an online platform that helps students learn various aspects of Chemistry. However, regardless of the question, your answer in Chemthink should be based on fundamental principles of Chemistry such as the Periodic Table, chemical bonds, reactions, etc. Ensure to recall these principles when answering questions. You might have to carry out some calculations, so accuracy is crucial. This answer would ideally be based on providing step-by-step solutions to the given problem or explaining a particular concept in a manageable way.

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Answer:

Gravitational force of attraction.

Explanation:

When two bodies of masses 'm' and 'M' are separated by a distance 'r', then both the bodies experience a force of attraction towards each other. This force of attraction is called gravitational force. It is a weak force but it always act between two bodies that have mass.

The magnitude of the gravitational force is directly proportional to product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the masses.

This means that as the distance between the bodies is increases, the gravitational force between the bodies decreases and vice versa.

The gravitational force of attraction is given as:

[tex]F_g=\frac{GmM}{r^2}\\\\G\to \textrm{Universal Gravitational constant}[/tex]

Answer:

Its not gravitational force its Non contact force

Explanation:

Because noncontact force acts at a distance just like contact force acts in contact.

Answer:

yes it would be D. because passive prostheses are lightweight and don't have active movement

Explanation: