Given a formula for oxygen: What is the total number of electrons shared between the atoms represented in this formula

Answer:

CH₄ + 2O₂ ⟶ CO₂ + 2H₂O + 212 800 cal

Step-by-step explanation:

CH₄ + 2O₂ ⟶ CO₂ + 2H₂O + 212 800 cal  

The heat is on the right-hand side of the equation, so the reaction is releasing heat.

The reaction is exothermic.

A is wrong. Your sign of ΔH is wrong, because graphite is the more stable form of carbon. We must add energy to graphite to convert it to diamond, so the process is endothermic.

B and D are wrong, because a ΔH > 0 indicates an endothermic reaction.

Answer:

C (graphite) → C (diamond), ΔH = - 0.45 kcal

CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O + 212,800 cal

Explanation:

exothermic reactions are characterized by releasing heat to the surroundings; the enthalpy change is negative, and the system temperature increases.

NH3 (g) + 12.0 kcal → ½N2 (g) + 3/2 H2 (g): it is not exothermic.

C (graphite) → C (diamond), ΔH = - 0.45 kcal: the reaction is exothermic because ΔH is negative

C + 2S → CS2, ΔH = 27,550 cal: it is not exothermic because the enthalpy change is positive

CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O + 212,800 cal: it is exothermic because it releases heat.

2H2O → 2H2 + O2, ΔH = +58 kcal: it is not exothermic because ΔH is positive.

Bicarbonate buffer system in blood consists of carbonic acid and bicarbonate ion. H2CO3/HCO3-

When a base enters the body the acid part of the buffer reacts with the base.

Thats the carbonic acid (H2CO3) reacts with the base.    

Answer:

The correct answer is carbonic acid.

Explanation:

The acid-base homeostatic mechanism known as the bicarbonate buffer system involves the balance of bicarbonate ion, carbonic acid, and carbon dioxide in order to sustain pH in the duodenum and in the blood, along with other tissues for maintaining adequate metabolic activities. As with the buffer system, the pH is monitored by the existence of both the weak acid, that is, the carbonic acid, and its conjugate base, like bicarbonate ion, so that any extra base or acid presented to the system getting neutralized. In the bicarbonate buffer system, the carbonic acid reacts with a base to balance the system.

 The  balanced chemical  equation  when sodium and  oxygen react is  as below

4 Na + O₂  → 2 Na₂O

  Explanation

From equation above 4  moles of  sodium (Na) react  with 1  mole   of oxygen (O₂)  to produce sodium oxide ( Na₂O)

Since there  is equal  number  number of atoms   in  side  of reactants  and    in the side  of product  the  equation  is balanced.

For  example there is 4 atoms of Na in side of reactant and 4  in side  of product.

There are 2.408 × 10²⁴ atoms in 4 moles of oxygen.

HOW TO CALCULATE NUMBER OF ATOMS:

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A volatile liquid is one that evaporates or vaporizes quickly at room temperature. Not all volatile substances are liquids; some are solids. In everyday language, "volatile" means to erupt emotionally or suddenly become angry or violent. It can also mean someone whose emotions swing up and down quickly.

A volatile liquid in chemistry describes a substance that rapidly evaporates at room temperature due to its low boiling point. Common examples of volatile liquids include alcohol, gasoline, and perfume.

In chemistry, a volatile liquid is one that evaporates or vaporizes quickly at room temperature due to its low boiling point. Volatility describes a substance's tendency to transition from the liquid to the gaseous phase. Liquids like alcohol, gasoline, and perfume are known as volatile as they readily evaporate, often creating a smell or fragrance we can detect. Take, for example, a perfume bottle. If it is left open, the liquid perfume inside tends to evaporate fast - this is because it is a volatile liquid.

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Silver gets oxidized when electroplating silver (Ag) on iron (Fe).

Electroplating is basically the process of plating a metal onto the other by hydrolysis mostly to prevent corrosion of metal or for decorative purposes.

Silver gets oxidized when electroplating silver (Ag) on iron (Fe).

In the process of putting a sliver coating on iron, the iron is the cathode on which the silver ions get reduced.

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Answer : The mass of of water present in the jar is, 298.79 g

Solution : Given,

Mass of barium nitrate = 27 g

The solubility of barium nitrate at [tex]20^oC[/tex] is 9.02 gram per 100 ml of water.

As, 9.02 gram of barium nitrate present in 100 ml of water

So, 27 gram of barium nitrate present in [tex]\frac{27g}{9.02g}\times 100ml=299.33ml[/tex] of water

The volume of water is 299.33 ml.

As we know that the density of water at [tex]20^oC[/tex] is 0.9982 g/ml

Now we have to calculate the mass of water.

[tex]\text{Mass of water}=\text{Density of water}\times \text{Volume of water}[/tex]

[tex]\text{Mass of water}=(0.9982g/ml)\times (299.33ml)=298.79g[/tex]

Therefore, the mass of of water present in the jar is, 298.79 g

   2 NH3 + 2 O2 → N2O + 3 H2O

mass of O2 = 80.0g

moles of O2 = 80.0/32 = 2.5 moles O2

moles of N2O = 2.5 moles O2 x   1 mole N2O      = 1.25 moles N2O

                                                       2 moles of O2

mass of N2O produced ;

moles = mass/Molar mass

mass = moles x Molar mass

        = 1.25 x 44.02

        = 55.025 g N2O

55.025g of N2O is produced in this reaction.

The correct answer is 67.6 grams of N₂O will be produced.

To solve this problem, we will use stoichiometry to find the mass of N₂O produced from 80.0 grams of O₂ .

 First, we need to determine the moles of O₂  that are reacted:

Moles of O₂ = mass of O2 / molar mass of O₂

Moles of O₂  = 80.0 g / 32 g/mol

Moles of O₂  = 2.5 mol

2 NH₃ + 2 O₂  --- N₂O + 3 H₂O

From the equation, we see that 2 moles of O₂  produce 1 mole of N₂O. Therefore, the moles of N₂O produced will be half the moles of O₂  reacted:

Moles of N₂O = Moles of O₂  / 2

Moles of N₂O = 2.5 mol / 2

Moles of N₂O = 1.25 mol

 Now, we convert the moles of N₂O to grams using its molar mass:

 Mass of N₂O = moles of N₂O × molar mass of N₂O

Mass of N₂O = 1.25 mol × 44.02 g/mol

Mass of N₂O = 55.025 g

 Since we are looking for the mass of N₂O to the nearest tenth of a gram, we round the result to 55.0 g.

Therefore, when 80.0 grams of O₂ are reacted, 55.0 grams of N₂O will be produced.

Explanation:

Wind turbines generate electricity by following simple principle. Moving wind transfers energy to the to the blades of the wind mill which results in spinning of the blades. These blades are connected to internal shaft which also starts spinning. This spinning of shaft generates electricity which is further distributed to electrical substations to provide electricity to homes and businesses.

Step 1: Wind moves the blades of the turbine.

Step 2: Internal shaft spins

Step 3: Generator produces electricity

Step 4: Distribution lines carry electricity to substation

Answer:

Explanation:

1 . Wind moves the blades of the turbine .

2. Internal shaft spins .

3. Generator produces electricity .

4. Distribution lines carry electricity to substations .

Answer:

49.30 L

Explanation:

1. Write the chemical equation.

Ratio:    2 L                 2 L

           2NO +O₂ ⟶ 2NO₂

V/L:       56

=====

2. Calculate the volume of NO₂.

We can use Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining Volumes to solve this problem.

According to the law, 2 L of NO₂ are formed from 2 L of NO.

Then, the conversion factor is (2 L NO₂/2 L NO).

Volume of NO₂ = 56 × 2/2

Volume of NO₂ = 56 L

See the sketch attached for a Lewis cross-and-dot structure of PCl₅.

The central P atom ends up with ten valence electrons.

Unlike P, Cl does not form expanded octets. Each Cl atom in PCl₅ will share one electron with a P atom. Each will form one P-Cl covalent bond and end up with a typical octet of eight electrons. Six of the eight electrons come from three non-bonding pairs (a.k.a. "lone pairs").

P is found in IUPAC group 15 of a modern periodic table. A neutral P atom has five valence electrons. Each of them goes to a P-Cl bond in PCl₅. The central P atom will end up forming five P-Cl bonds. That will gives the atom a total of ten valence electrons. That is two electrons more than a typical octet- hence the name "expanded octet".

Phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5) exhibits the concept of the expanded octet as phosphorus forms five covalent bonds. The total number of valence electrons in PCl5 is 40, and all 40 valence electrons are counted toward the central phosphorus atom.

Phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5) is a molecule featuring expanded octet concept, as the central phosphorus atom forms five covalent bonds. To determine the total number of valence electrons in PCl5, we need to count the valence electrons of each atom and consider the charge of the molecule. Phosphorus has five valence electrons, while each chlorine has seven valence electrons. Therefore, the total number of valence electrons in PCl5 is 40.

When we draw the Lewis structure, we place the phosphorus atom in the center and arrange the chlorine atoms around it. Each chlorine forms a single bond with phosphorus, resulting in five P-Cl bonds. The remaining valence electrons are placed on the chlorine atoms as lone pairs to fulfill the octet rule. Since there are no additional atoms bonded to the central phosphorus atom, all 40 valence electrons are counted toward the central P atom.

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Answer:

A) I (s)

Explanation:

Intermolecular forces are weaker forces of attractions or repulsion that exist between particles (atom or molecules). The intermolecular force of attraction that exist between the halogen family(Florine, Bromine, Chlorine & Iodine) are the van der Waal dispersion forces also known as (london dispersion forces) and they are the weakest force of attraction.

As we move further down the group, there are more greater electrons which move around and these electrons represents and form the temporary dipoles that create these van der Waal dispersion forces.

Another key point concerning the van der Waal dispersion forces is the melting point and the boiling point. Since melting points and boiling point of the halogen family increases down the group because of increase in molecular weight, The stronger the intermolecular force of attraction down the group.

We can therefore conclude that the intermolecular force of attraction is strongest in Iodine I(s) because intermolecular force increases down the group.

Answer:

A

Explanation:

The amplitude of a wave is directly proportional to the energy it carries. Amplitude is the distance of displacement, by a particle of the wave, in the media in which it travels. The higher the energy in the wave the higher the amplitude and vice versa.  The frequency and wavelength of the wave (which are dependent on the type of wave) remain unchanged even with the change in amplitude.

Some of the waves energy is always being dissipated as heat which will reduce the waves amplitude.

Those waves which carry energy in it in any form is known as waves energy, e.g. ocean waves, wind waves, etc.

Waves will carry energy in it and show their energy can be noticed in the form of their movement. When waves carry low amount of energy then they do not show much movement as compare to the waves which carry high energy. So, we conclude that wave energy is directly proportional to the amplitude, i.e. more energy results in more displacement of particle from their mean position in the medium.

Hence, option (a) is correct i.e. when amplitude reduces, some of the waves energy is always being dissipated as heat.

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Final answer:

An FeCl3 solution is yellow, KSCN solution is colorless, and mixing these two forms a blood-red solution due to the formation of FeSCN2+.

Explanation:

The color of an FeCl3 solution would be yellow, as FeCl3 contains Fe3+ ions, which are yellow in aqueous solution. A KSCN solution would be colorless because both the potassium ions (K+) and the thiocyanate ions (SCN-) are colorless in solution.

When FeCl3 and KSCN are mixed, the solution becomes blood-red due to the formation of FeSCN2+, which is the product of the chemical reaction between Fe3+ and SCN- ions.

1. An FeCl₃ solution would be yellow.

2. A KSCN solution would be colorless.

3. Mixing FeCl₃ and KSCN would produce a blood-red color due to the formation of the Fe(SCN)²⁺ complex.

Let's answer the questions based on the given equilibrium reaction: Fe³⁺(aq) (yellow) + SCN⁻(aq) (colorless) ⇌ Fe(SCN)²⁺(aq) (blood-red).

Ans 1. An FeCl₃ solution would be yellow due to the presence of Fe³⁺ ions in the solution.

Ans 2. A KSCN solution would be colorless because SCN⁻ ions are colorless in solution.

Ans 3. When you mix FeCl₃ and KSCN, the resulting solution will be blood-red. This is because Fe³⁺ ions react with SCN⁻ ions to form the Fe(SCN)²⁺ complex, which gives a blood-red color.

The quantum mechanical model is based on quantum theory, which illustrates that matter also exhibit characteristics related to waves. On the basis of quantum theory, it is impossible to determine the accurate momentum and position of an electron at a similar time. This is called the uncertainty principle.  

The quantum mechanical model of the atom utilizes composite configurations of orbitals, also known as electron clouds, the volumes of space in which there is a probability to be an electron. Thus, in spite of certainty, this model is based on probability.  

Answer:

the model of atoms that shows what an atom would really look like and the probability field of the electron.

Explanation:

Answer:

A) Elements

Explanation:

A mixture is a composite of two or more components that are combined physical and not through any chemical means. While a suspension is a mixture of a liquid and solid particles. Therefore, in both cases the components can be separated by some physical means.

A compound is a composite of two or more atoms which can be decomposed into simpler systems through chemical processes.

However, element is a single atom which can be neither be simplified any further by physical or chemical means.

Answer :

(a) The number of grams of iron metal obtained, 698.616 g

(b) The number of grams of carbon dioxide used in the reaction, 826.32 g

Solution : Given,

Mass of hematite = 1 Kg = 1000 g

Molar mass of hematite = 159.69 g/mole

Molar mass of iron = 55.8 g/mole

Molar mass of carbon dioxide = 44 g/mole

(a) First we have to calculate the moles of hematite.

[tex]\text{Moles of hematite}=\frac{\text{Mass of hematite}}{\text{Molar mass of hematite}}=\frac{1000g}{159.69g/mole}=6.26moles[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the moles of iron.

The given balanced reaction is,

[tex]Fe_2O_3(s)+3CO(g)\rightarrow 2Fe(s)+3CO_2(g)[/tex]

From the balanced reaction, we conclude that

As, 1 mole of hematite react to give 2 moles of iron

So, 6.26 moles of hematite react to give [tex]2\times 6.26=12.52[/tex] moles of iron

Now we have to calculate the mass of iron.

[tex]\text{Mass of iron}=\text{Moles of iron}\times \text{Molar mass of iron}[/tex]

[tex]\text{Mass of iron}=(12.52moles)\times (55.8g/mole)=698.616g[/tex]

(b) Now we have to calculate the moles of carbon dioxide.

From the balanced reaction we conclude that

As, 1 mole of hematite react to give 3 moles of carbon dioxide

So, 6.26 moles of hematite react to give [tex]3\times 6.26=18.78[/tex] moles of carbon dioxide

Now we have to calculate the mass of carbon dioxide.

[tex]\text{Mass of }CO_2=\text{Moles of }CO_2\times \text{Molar mass of }CO_2[/tex]

[tex]\text{Mass of }CO_2=(18.78moles)\times (44g/mole)=826.32g[/tex]

Therefore, (a) The number of grams of iron metal obtained, 698.616 g

(b) The number of grams of carbon dioxide used in the reaction, 826.32 g

Aluminum oxide is a covalent compound.

FALSE

Aluminum oxide is an ionic compound, not a covalent compound, with the formula Al₂O₃.

False. Aluminum oxide is not a covalent compound; it is an ionic compound. Ionic compounds typically form between metals and nonmetals, where electrons are transferred from the metal to the nonmetal.

Aluminum oxide [tex](\(Al_2O_3\))[/tex] is formed by the reaction of aluminum, a metal, with oxygen, a nonmetal:

[tex]\[4Al + 3O_2 \rightarrow 2Al_2O_3\][/tex]

In this reaction, aluminum (Al) loses electrons to form [tex]\(Al^{3+}\)[/tex] ions, and oxygen [tex](O)[/tex] gains electrons to form [tex]\(O^{2-}\)[/tex] ions. The resulting compound, aluminum oxide, has a three-dimensional array of ions held together by ionic bonds. This is in contrast to covalent compounds, where electrons are shared between atoms.

In summary, aluminum oxide is an ionic compound due to the transfer of electrons between aluminum and oxygen atoms.

Rule 2: anions. The anion name is formed from the name of the element, but “ide” replaces the normal ending in the elements name. So Cl-‐ is the ion formed from chlorine and its name is chloride ion. N-‐3 is the ion formed from nitrogen and its name is nitride ion.

most common is Ammonium, hope I got this right!

Answer:  

(a) 20.5 g O₂, 8.38 g H₂O; (b) 230 g  

Step-by-step explanation:  

(a) Masses of CO₂ and H₂O  

pV = nRT            Divide each side by RT  

n = (pV)/(RT)  

p = 30.0 torr      Convert to atmospheres  

p = 30.0 × 1/760 = 0.039 47 atm  

V = 300 L  

R = 0.082 06 L·atm·K⁻¹mol⁻¹  

T = (37.0 + 273.15) K = 310.15 K  

n = (0.039 47 × 300)/(0.082 06 × 310.15)  

n = 0.465 mol  

Mass of CO₂ = 0.465 × 44.01 = 20.5 g  

Mass of H₂O = 0.465 × 18.02 = 8.38 g

===============  

(b) Mass lost during sleep  

Mass lost in 1 h = 20.5 + 8.38 = 28.9 g  

Mass lost in 8 h = 8 × 28.9     = 230 g

228.16 g of body mass is lost in 8 hours of sleep.

From the question, we can obtain the number of moles of each gas as follows;

Partial pressure of each gas= 30 torr or 0.039 atm

Volume of the gases =  300 L

Temperature of the gases = 37.0°C + 273 = 310 K

R = 0.082 atmLmol-1K-1

From PV =nRT

n = PV/RT =  0.039 atm × 300 L/0.082 atmLmol-1K-1  × 310 K

n = 0.46 moles of each gas

Hence;

Mass of CO2 lost in 1 hour =  0.46 moles × 44 g/mol = 20.24 g

Mass of water vapor lost in 1 hour = 0.46 moles × 18 g/mol = 8.28 g

If 20.24 g of CO2 is lost in 1 hour of sleep, in 8 hours of sleep;

8 × 20.24 g = 161.92 g of CO2 is lost.

Similarly, if 8.28 g of water vapor is lost in 1 hour of sleep, in 8 hours of sleep; 8 × 8.28 g = 66.24 g of water vapor is lost

Since both the CO2 and water vapor come from metabolism, total body mass lost in 8 hours of sleep = 161.92 g + 66.24 g  = 228.16 g

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So to find the empirical formula you have to simplify. What is something you can take out of all three? The number three, so divide everything by three leaving you with (C2H6O). I hope this helped!

The correct answer is [tex]C_2H_6O[/tex].

It is the simplest ratio of atoms of elements in a compound.

The GCF is 3, so factor 3 of the molecular formula:-

[tex] 3 ( C_2H_6O) [/tex]

The result is the empirical formula [tex]C_2H_6O[/tex].

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Answer:

Francium would likely have the lowest electronegativity value.

Explanation:

 The  limiting  reagent  is   H₂SO₄

   calculation

Step 1 :write the equation for reaction

2 NaOH + H₂SO₄  → Na₂SO₄   + 2 H₂O

Step  2: use the mole ratio to determine the  moles of product  produced from each reactant

that is   from  equation above,

NaOH : Na₂SO₄  is 2 :1 therefore the  moles of Na₂So₄

= 10.0 moles x 1/2 =  5.0 moles

H₂SO₄ :Na₂SO₄  is 1:1 therefore the moles  of Na₂SO₄  is also = 3.50 moles

H₂SO₄  is the limiting reagent since  it produces  less amount of Na₂SO₄

6:12:6: - this simplifies to 1:2:1   (answer)

You get the simplest form by dividing each of the 3 numbers by 6.

yes that would be the right answer 6:12:6 that's what i found out

Answer: Dark matter may be Dark matter form the cause of the expansion of the universe  and  a new form of subatomic particle.

Explanation:

85% of the matter of the universe. scientists don't know exactly what makes up dark matter. It may be made of baryonic or non-baryonic particles or some new subatomic particles. No light emits from it thus it is named dark matter. Only its gravitational effect is observable which led to its discovery.The velocity of stars is different in different regions of galaxy.  It is also thought to be cause of expansion of universe.

Thus, the correct answer is: Dark matter may be the cause of the expansion of the universe  and a new form of subatomic particle.

Answer:

A new form of subatomic particle and cold matter that emits little radiation

Explanation:

"Dark matter may be cold regular matter or a new form of subatomic particle."

You can find the answer in the review in the last section of your assignment.

Answer: Option (B) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Bases are the substances which contain OH ions within the molecule.

For example, solution of NaOH is a basic solution as it contains OH or hydroxide group.

Bases change red litmus into blue and bases have a slippery and soapy texture.

Therefore, we can conclude that out of the given options, one way to test whether an unknown solution is acidic or basic is to check whether the solution has a slippery feel.

Answer: The correct answer is Option B.

Explanation:

To determine the solution to be acidic or basic, one must use some indicators or by their properties.

Properties of acid:

Properties of Bases:

Both of these solutions can conduct electricity. Hence, the correct answer is Option B.

Answer:

Zinc blende  

Step-by-step explanation:

Step 1. Calculate the volume of the unit cell

V = l³

V = (0.57)³

V = 0.1852 nm³                Convert to m³

V = 0.1852 × (10⁻⁹)³

V = 1.852 × 10⁻²⁸ m³        Convert to cm³

V = 1.852 × 10⁻²⁸ × 100³

V = 1.852 × 10⁻²⁸× 10⁶

V = 1.852 × 10⁻²² cm³

=====

Step 2. Calculate the mass of a unit cell

ρ = m/V                                             Multiply each side by V

m = Vρ

m = 1.852 × 10⁻²² × 2.10

m = 3.889 × 10⁻²² g                          Convert to u

m = 3.889 × 10⁻²² × 1/(1.661 × 10⁻²⁴)

m = 234 u

=====

Step 3. Calculate the number of formula units per unit cell

AX = 28.5 + 30.0

AX = 58.5u

Formula units = 234/58.5= 4.00 ≈ 4

There are 4 formula units per unit cell

=====

Step 4. Determine the type of unit cell

NaCl = simple cubic cell       = 1 formula unit

CsCl = one-formula-unit cell  = 1 formula unit

The zinc blende structure is shown below. The A atoms are FCC, while the X atoms are at half the tetrahedral sites.

A atoms = 8×⅛  + 6×½ = 1 + 3 = 4

X atoms = 4×1                          = 4

The zinc blende structure has four formula units.

The crystal structures of different materials can be identified by calculating and comparing theoretical densities with the given density. In the given case, among sodium chloride, cesium chloride, and zinc blende, the given parameters (density, atomic weights, cell edge length) suggest that the material could have a Zinc Blende structure.

The crystal structures of sodium chloride, cesium chloride, or zinc blende are different to each other. Sodium chloride (NaCl) has a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure; cesium chloride (CsCl) has simple cubic structure; while Zinc Blende structure is also face-centered cubic but with a different atom arrangement.

To check whether the given density and atomic weights are compatible with any of these structures, we need to calculate the theoretical density for each structure and compare that with the given density. The theoretical density (p) can be calculated by the formula: p = (n * A) / (Vc * Na), where n is number of atoms per unit cell; A is atomic weight; Vc is volume of unit cell (calculated from cell edge length); and Na is Avogadro's number. We calculate this for each structure and compare with the given density to determine possible structure(s).

Given the parameters, and the atomic arrangement of each of the structures, it appears that Zinc Blende is a likely matching structure for this AX ceramic material.

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Answer is: The electrons moved from the second energy level to the fourth.

Atomic number (Z) of sodium is 11, it means that it has 11 protons and 11 electrons, so atom of sodium is neutral.

Electron configuration of sodium atom in a ground state:

₁₁Na 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹ or 2-8-1-0.

In a ground state of sodium atom, fourth energy level is empty.

In a excited state electron from second energy level (2s² 2p⁶) moves to fourth energy level.

Final answer:

A sodium atom has an excited electron configuration of 2-7-1-1 because electrons have been elevated to higher energy levels from the ground state configuration of 1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹.

Explanation:

The electron configuration of 2-7-1-1 represents a sodium atom in an excited state because electrons have been promoted to higher energy levels than found in the ground state. Normally, sodium has an electron configuration of 1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹.

When energy is absorbed, such as from heat in a flame, an electron may jump from a lower level to a higher one, changing the configuration to an excited state, such as 2-7-1-1, with the last two ones representing electrons in the 3s and 3p orbitals, respectively.

This excited sodium atom can then release energy in the form of light when the electrons 'fall' back to their original energy levels, resulting in the characteristic bright yellow color observed during a flame test.

I believe that correct answer is ligaments

- 8 meter/sec

( - ) sign denotes deceleration.

a= (Final velocity-initial velocity)/Time

 =(0-80)/10

 = -8 meter/sec