Answer:
False
Explanation:
Hamstring term is used to define the posterior thigh compartment. It has three parts and forms tendons at the backside of the knee. It is responsible for flexing the lower portion of the legs at the knees.
The anterior and lateral sides of the thighs are covered by Quadriceps femoris muscle. It has four major parts – one rectus femoris muscle and three vasti muscles which asre vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius
Hence, the given statement is false
The hamstrings are a collective name for muscles on the posterior thigh, and the statement is true.
True. The hamstrings are indeed a collective name for four muscles located on the posterior thigh. These muscles include the semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris.
During gene flow, where do the genes flow?
A. The genes do not flow at all; flow is a mathematical metaphor for mean gene frequencies being unstable and drifting from one number to another.
B. The genes flow into and out of the population due to migration of individuals from one population to another.
C. The genes flow from a locus on one chromosome to another locus on the same chromosome.
D. The genes flow through cyberspace.
E. The genes flow from a locus on one chromosome to a locus on another chromosome.
Answer:
B. The genes flow into and out of the population due to migration of individuals from one population to another.
What are the different kinds of agents that attack plants and animals? What are some of the ways that pests and diseases impact crops? How long have rust diseases been recognized as an agricultural problem? How has ergot of rye affected social history?
Answer:
Explanation:Agents that attack plants are
fungi, bacteria, mollicutes, parasitic
Agents that attack animals are: virus, bacterial, Humans, infectious diseases and living organism
[18/12, 11:07 am] +234 703 566 9727: By causing changes in crop growth
Changes in photosynthesis
Both positive and negativity
Redundant in crop production
Delayed in in production
Sustainable use is often defined as the use of natural resources at a rate that meets the needs of the present human population but which also allows future generations to use the resource to meet their needs. Which of these BEST illustrates the concept of sustainable use? A) Crops are rotated in a farmers field to maximize grain yields. B) A fishing trawler use a large net to catch a school of small fish. C) A logging company reseeds and replants in a forested area after cutting down trees for timber. D) Coal is mined using underground tunnels to avoid the destruction of surface soils by strip mining. algae → water flea → small fish → big fish Use the food chain to answer the question. What would MOST LIKELY happen to the population of the water flea if the algae decreased? A) It would increase. B) It would decrease. C) It would not change. D) It would first increase, then decrease.
Answer:
1. A
2. B
Explanation:
1. In a sustainable practice, resources are used judicially to fulfill the current demand and also preserved for catering the demand of future generation. The overall objective is to save resources.
In crop rotation, the agricultural field is used effectively by growing crops with alternate nutrients and mineral demand. Also this saves the soil from getting eroded and allows the land to replenish its lost minerals and nutrients.
Hence, option A is correct
2.
This is a linear food chain and as per the sequence given in question it is clear that water fleas feed upon algae. Thus, if population of algae reduces, the population of water fleas will also decrease.
Option B is correct
What effect would adding additional substrate, in the presence of a noncompetitive inhibitor, have on the enzymatic reaction?
Answer:
no effect will occur.
Explanation:
non-competitive enzyme do conformational changes in active site of enzyme by attaching to the other side rather than active side which prevent the substrate to attach to the active site, in results it stops the enzyme to work while competitive inhibitors compete with substrate for active site so increase substrate in competitive inhibitor condition can overcome the its effect.
In the global carbon cycle, carbon flows from heterotrophs to autotrophs in the form of1. carbon dioxide2. sugars3. ozone4. carbohydrates
Answer:
1. Carbon dioxide
Explanation:
During photosynthesis, autotrophs such as green plants, algae, etc. remove carbon dioxide from the air and incorporate it into complex organic compounds such as glucose. Plants use much of the glucose to produce their own biomass. Heterotrophs feed on autotrophs and obtain these organic compounds from them. Heterotrophs perform cellular respiration during which oxidation of organic compounds produces ATP molecules. The process of cellular respiration returns carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Autotrophs obtain this CO2 from the air for photosynthesis and the cycle continues.
Both Vibrio cholerae and Salmonella typhi are capable of causing disease inside of otherwise healthy individuals. The ID50 of V. cholerae is 1,000,000 cells, while the ID50 of S. typhi is 10,000 cells. Based on this information, which of the following statements is true?
a.Both V. cholerae and S. typhi are pathogenic, but V. cholerae is more virulent than S. typhi.
b.Both V. cholerae and S. typhi are pathogenic, but S. typhi is more virulent than V. cholerae.
c.S. typhi is pathogenic, while V. cholerae is non-pathogenic.
d.V. cholerae is pathogenic, while S. typhi is non-pathogenic.
Answer:
b.Both V. cholerae and S. typhi are pathogenic, but S. typhi is more virulent than V. cholerae.
Explanation:
[tex]ID_{50}[/tex] or 50% Infectious Dose is the number of organisms (bacteria, viruses or fungi) required to produce disease in 50% of the hosts exposed to the organism.
An organism which has lesser [tex]ID_{50}[/tex] is said to be more virulent than the organism with greater [tex]ID_{50}[/tex]. There is an inverse relation between 50% Infectious Dose and virulence.
Since both Salmonella typhi and Vibrio cholerae are able to infect and produce disease so both of these organisms are pathogenic (able to cause disease). As lesser number of cells (10,000 cells) of Salmonella typhi are required to produce disease as compared to Vibrio cholerae (1,000,000 cells) so Salmonella typhi is more virulent than Vibrio cholerae.
The correct answer is that S. typhi is more virulent than V. cholerae, which is evident from its lower ID50 value, requiring fewer cells to cause disease.
Explanation:The question is asking which statement is true based on the ID50 values given for Vibrio cholerae and Salmonella typhi. The ID50 refers to the infectious dose required to cause disease in 50% of the exposed population. In this case, the ID50 of V. cholerae is 1,000,000 cells, and the ID50 of S. typhi is 10,000 cells. Therefore, the correct statement is option b: Both V. cholerae and S. typhi are pathogenic, but S. typhi is more virulent than V. cholerae, as indicated by its lower ID50, meaning it requires fewer cells to cause disease.
What is the term for a top predator that contributes to the maintenance of species diversity among its animal prey?
A) keystone species
B) keystone mutualist
C) landscape species
D) primary consumer
E) tertiary consumer
Answer:
Option A, keystone species
Explanation:
Keystone species are responsible for controlling any species from becoming dominant over all other species. The keystone species are found at the top of all the energy pyramids and food chains.
They control the explosion of population of prey and hence regulate the overall ecological diversity.
Some common example of keystone species is as follows –
Bison, prairie dog, large mammalian predators,
Hence, option A is correct
A karyogram that contains 23 pairs of chromosomes with a different pair for the 23rd pair would describe a(n)
A. autosomal pair
B. male
C. female
D. disorder
Answer:B
Explanation:
The last pair are sex chromosomes. Different pair is XY which is a male chromosome. Same pair is XX which is Female
What is an example of a biotic factor in a biome?: * A. scavengers B. producers C. soil
Answer:
The correct answer is A. scavengers and B. producers
Explanation:
Two types of factors are found in a biome biotic and abiotic factor. All the living things in any biome comes under biotic factors like animals, plants, and microbes and all the non-living things present in the biome are non-biotic factors for example soil, temperature, air, water, salt, etc.
So biome is made up of both living and non-living factors. Scavengers are the organisms that feed on dead and decaying matter and producers are the organisms that make their own food. Most of the producers are plants.
So both scavengers and producers are living organisms therefore both are examples of biotic factors.
A biotic factor in a biome is a living component such as scavengers or producers. Hence, option A is correct.
An example of a biotic factor in a biome could be scavengers or producers. Biotic factors refer to the living components within an ecosystem, such as animals, plants, fungi, and microorganisms. Scavengers, which are animals that consume dead organisms, and producers, which are organisms such as plants that use sunlight to produce energy through photosynthesis, are essential biotic factors that contribute to the biological makeup of a biome and affect the flow of energy through an ecosystem.
What is the function of restriction endonucleases in bacteria?
Answer:
This is an incomplete question without the options.
Here are the options to pick from
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Within a six-base DNA recognition sequence, an enzyme that cuts between the 3rd and 4th bases from the 5' end will generate blunt ends.
a)True
b)False
a) True
What is the function of restriction endonucleases in bacteria?
a) They serve no function.
b)They allow bacteria to genetically recombine with other bacteria.
c) They allow bacteria to engineer new DNA fragments.
d)They provide a defense mechanism against infection by viruses.
Our answer is surely D
d)They provide a defense mechanism against infection by viruses.
Explanation:
Restriction enzyme/restriction endonuclease:
Are produced by bacteria for cleaveing DNA at specific sites. Restriction enzymes cleave foreign DNA in the bacterial cell to fight against infecting organisms.
Pls Note:
Restriction enzyme are used by
bacteria to defend against bacterial viruses called bacteriophages or phages
What information should be included in the client and family teaching of magnesium sulfate?
Answer:
Explanation:
Cardiac monitor should should be applied information
Breathing, blood pressure, oxygen levels and other important signs will be monitored closely when receiving magnesium sulphate.
Mgs04
Match the lobe of the cerebrum with its function. Involved in hearing and smell General sensory functions, such as touch and taste Processes visual input and helps store visual memories Voluntary motor functions, verbal communication, and personality
Answer:
A-Temporal Lobe, B- Parietal Lobe, C- Occipital Lobe, D- Frontal Lobe
Explanation:
The brain is an organ that is divided into three main parts which are "Brain Stem", "Cerebellum" and the biggest one "Cerebrum" which is responsible for most of our cognitive functions.
And the cerebrum is then divided into 4 lobes which their functions are given in the question.
Temporal Lobe has functions such as hearing and it includes the auditory cortex which is responsible for interpreting language inputs.
Parietal Lobe is located at the back of the brain and is responsible for processing most sensory inputs especially inputs that we receive from touching.
Occipital Lobe is the section of the cerebrum which processes all visual informations, the objects around us, their colors and movements etc.
The fourth and maybe the most vital section of the cerebrum, Frontal Lobe is the part which is responsible for forming and controlling our personalities, memories, emotions etc.
I hope this answer helps.
The temporal lobe is involved with hearing and smell, the parietal lobe with general sensory functions such as touch and taste, the occipital lobe processes visual input and helps store visual memory, whereas the frontal lobe is associated with voluntary motor functions, verbal communication, and personality.
Explanation:The cerebrum is divided into four lobes, each corresponding to certain functions. The lobe involved in hearing and smell is the temporal lobe. The one responsible for general sensory functions, such as touch and taste is the parietal lobe. The lobe that processes visual input and helps store visual memories is the occipital lobe. Lastly, the lobe associated with voluntary motor functions, verbal communication, and personality is the frontal lobe.
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Explain the air masses from the North Pole to the equator
Answer:
When a warmer air mass travels over colder ground, the bottom layer of air cools and, because of its high density, is trapped near the ground. In general, cold air masses tend to flow toward the equator and warm air masses tend to flow toward the poles. This brings heat to cold areas and cools down areas that are warm
Exposing inner mitochondrial membranes to ultrasonic vibrations will disrupt the membranes. However, the fragments will reseal "inside out." The little vesicles that result can still transfer electrons from NADH to oxygen and synthesize ATP. Which of the following statements about these inside-out membrane vesicles is true
These inside-out membrane vesicles will hydrolyze ATP to pump protons out of the interior of the vesicle to the exterior. Hence the correct option is a.
When inner mitochondrial membranes are exposed to ultrasonic vibrations and subsequently reseal "inside out," the resulting vesicles retain the ability to perform certain functions related to electron transfer and ATP synthesis. In this context, the vesicles utilize ATP to actively pump protons from the interior of the vesicle to the exterior. This process is analogous to the proton-pumping function of the inner mitochondrial membrane in intact mitochondria.
By hydrolyzing ATP, the vesicles generate the necessary energy to actively transport protons against their concentration gradient. This establishes a higher proton concentration outside the vesicles compared to the interior. This proton gradient serves as a potential energy source that can be harnessed for ATP synthesis, mimicking the electrochemical gradient established during the normal functioning of intact mitochondria.
The reversal of membrane orientation in these vesicles does not impede their capacity to perform essential proton-pumping and energy-transducing functions, highlighting the resilience and adaptability of biological membranes. Hence the correct option is a.
For complete question refer to image:
In some individuals, the immune system attacks substances such as grass pollen that are usually harmless, resulting in
Answer:
An allergic reaction
Explanation:
An allergic reaction occurs when our immune system misinterprets a harmless substance into a harmful antigen and initiate an over-expressed immune response against it. Some of these allergic substances are pollen, molds, insect stings, etc.
These allergens trigger the production of IgE antibodies in the body which interact with different cell and initiate the release of chemicals like histamine that cause symptoms of allergic reaction.
It can affect the nose, skin, lung, stomach lining, etc. Therefore the correct answer is an allergic reaction.
Final answer:
An allergy occurs when the immune system overreacts to harmless substances like grass pollen, causing symptoms such as sneezing and itchy eyes. Autoimmune diseases are more severe, where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues, requiring different treatments.
Explanation:
When the immune system attacks harmless substances such as grass pollen, the result is an allergy. Allergies occur when the immune system overreacts to allergens, which are typically non-threatening environmental proteins. Symptoms of an allergy might include sneezing, itchy eyes, redness, and more severe reactions like anaphylaxis. Unlike allergies, where the immune system reacts to external substances, autoimmune diseases involve the immune system attacking the body's own tissues, causing chronic inflammation and a range of symptoms depending on the condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus.
Common allergens include pollen, dust mites, and specific foods. The immune system's response involves inflammation, which is intended to protect the body but instead causes symptoms characteristic of allergic reactions. Treatments for allergies aim to reduce symptoms, often through antihistamines and avoiding exposure to allergens. In contrast, autoimmune diseases are often treated with immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory drugs to alleviate symptoms.
Which agent would be used to counteract a severe reaction occurring with the use of neostigmine?
Answer:
Neostigmine act as Cholinesterase inhibitors.it inhibits enzyme Cholinesterase as a competitive reversible antagonists.
This is an enzyme which normally breakdown neurotransmitter acetycholine at the neuromuscular junction (cholinergic synapses). and therefore the termination of synaptic neurotransmission.
Acetycholine is a cholinergic neurotransmitter that ensures transmission of cholinergic nervous signal/synapses at neuromuscular juntion.
Neostigmine inhibiting actions therefore promotes accumulation of acetycholine and thus extended the transmission of cholinergic synapses,
This is expllained the reason why neostigmine mechanisms is used for treatment of neuromuscular disorders e.g autoimmune diseases Myasthenia graviis (weakling of body muscles.
Therfore to counter the advserse effect of Neostigmine ;
which include; salvation, head ache, increased muscus secreation,muscle itching,dizziness,
Intravenous application of 0.04mg/kg/dose of atropine sulphate should be given with respect to each dose of Neostigmine administered.
.
Explanation:
Hattie, aged 55, is awakened by excruciating pain that radiates from her right abdomen to the lumbar and inguinal regions on the same side. The pain does not occur continuously but recurs at intervals of 3–4 minutes. Diagnose her problem, and cite factors that might favor its occurrence. Also, explain why Hattie’s pain comes in "waves."
Answer:
Hattie has a calculus in her ureter, or kidney stone. Frequent urinary tract bacterial infections, urinary retention, high levels of calcium in the blood, and alkaline urine are predisposing conditions. Her pain comes in waves when peristalsis waves travel at intervals through the ureter. The pain comes when the ureter walls close in during this period on the hard kidney stone
Suppose the individuals making up a population of tree frogs came in a variety of colors. How does this type of diversity most likely affect the tree frog population?
Variety of colors in tree frogs signifies genetic variance and contributes to their survivability. Environmental changes such as pollution can lead to diversifying selection, favoring colorations that provide better camouflage. Such genetic diversity is crucial for the population's adaptability and overall likelihood of survival.
The variety of colors found within a population of tree frogs represents a form of biodiversity that can influence the population's resilience and adaptability. This color diversity most likely reflects genetic variance in the population. When environmental changes occur, such as pollution that affects habitat color, natural selection may favor individuals whose coloration better matches their environment. This process can lead to a shift in the population’s genetic variance toward the phenotypes that provide better camouflage and survival advantages, a phenomenon known as diversifying selection.
For example, if a population's environment becomes darker due to pollution, individuals with darker colors may have a higher survival rate as they are better camouflaged against predators. Over time, this can result in an increased frequency of the darker phenotype in the population. In contrast, a fishing event that selectively removes the most colorful individuals can reduce the frequency of those phenotypes, potentially affecting the population's color diversity.
Drag each label to the appropriate position to identify whether the given reaction occurs in glycolysis, the CAC, or the ETC Glycolysis Establishment of a chemiosmotic gradient in the intermembrane space Conversion of G6P to fructose 1,6-diphosphateATP synthase activity Oxidation of NADH at enzyme complex1 Citric Acid Cycle Conversion of malic acid to oxaloacetic acidConversion of acetyl-CoA to acetic acid Conversion of PGAL to pyruvic acid Electron Transport Chain Conversion of glucose to G6P Conversion of citric acid to isocitric acid Reset
Answer:
Establishment of a chemiosmotic gradient in the intermembrane space -> ETC
Conversion of G6P to fructose 1,6-diphosphate -> GLYCOLYSIS
ATP synthase activity -> ETC
Oxidation of NADH at enzyme complex1 -> ETC
Conversion of malic acid to oxaloacetic acid -> CAC
Conversion of acetyl-CoA to acetic acid -> CAC
Conversion of PGAL to pyruvic acid -> GLYCOLISIS
Conversion of glucose to G6P -> GLYCOLYSIS
Conversion of citric acid to isocitric acid -> CAC
Explanation:
There are three boxes of three different cycles
Glycolysis: Here, the cell convert glucose to piruvic acid
Citric Acid cycle (CAC): Here the cell oxydates Acetil CoA to generate energy in form of ATP
Electron transport chain (ETC): Here the cell produced ATP from the NADH and the FADH of glycolysis and CAC
Each reaction in cellular respiration occurs in a defined order and location. Glycolysis involves conversion of glucose into pyruvic acid via several intermediate steps. The Citric Acid Cycle (CAC) converts acetyl-CoA into oxaloacetic acid through multiple transformations, while the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) involves the oxidation of NADH, establishment of a chemiosmotic gradient, and ATP synthase activity.
Explanation:In cellular respiration, each reaction occurs in a specific sequence and in specific locations within the cell. In Glycolysis, glucose is converted to G6P, and then to fructose 1,6-diphosphate, and finally to the intermediate PGAL, which is then converted to pyruvic acid. In the Citric Acid Cycle (CAC), acetyl-CoA is converted to acetic acid, which then reacts with citric acid to form isocitric acid, and finally, malic acid is converted to oxaloacetic acid. Meanwhile, the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) involves the oxidation of NADH at enzyme complex1, establishment of a chemiosmotic gradient in the intermembrane space, and ATP synthase activity.
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Gary has been diagnosed with dissociative amnesia. He demonstrates A. the partial or total inability to remember new information. B. the failure to recall previously stored personal information following a very stressful situation. C. the total inability to remember previously acquired information or past experiences. D. the making up of memories that never really existed.
Answer:
Answer is B. the failure to recall previously stored personal information following a very stressful situation.
Explanation:
Dissociative amnesia is a type of dissociative disorder, which occurs to people and make them forget certain information or unable to remember personal information. This is usually associated with a traumatic or stressful event.
Other type of dissociative disorder are , dissociative identity disorder and derealization disorder.
Symptoms or effects are memory loss and perception that things and people are not real.
A young person comes into a doctor's office with severe arthritis in his joints, floppy-looking ears and a strangely shaped nose. Based only on these three observations, what type of connective tissue is functioning abnormally in this person?
Answer:
Cartilage.
Explanation:
Cartilage acts as the connective tissue of the body shows high flexibility and elasticity. The main function of the cartilage is the protection of the end of the long bones.
The cartilage contains chondrocytes that helps in the formation of the extracellular matrix. The cartilage gets damaged in case of the arthritis and may strange the shape nose. The cartilage functioning is improper in the patient.
Thus, the answer is cartilage.
Purple spots is a homozygous recessive genetic trait in martians (assume their hereditary patterns match that of eukaryotes on earth). If 25 in 10,000 martian babies have spots, what are the expected frequencies of the dominant S and recessive s alleles in a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
Select one:
a. S = 0.9500, s = 0.0500
b. S = 0.0005, s = 0.9995
c. S = 0.9605, s = 0.0395
d. S = 0.0005, s = 0.0025
Answer:
a. S = 0.9500, s = 0.0500
Explanation:
if 25 in 10000 have spots, it means there are 500 s allele in the population and 9500 S allele.
the allele frequency is thus;
S = 9500/10000 =0.9500
s = 500/10000 = 0.0500
during a natural disaster part of a plnt was damaged if the plant can no longer grow and produce new root cells which of the plant likley suffered damage on weggy
The question is incomplete as it does not have the options which are:
A. Phloem
B. Xylem
C. Apical meristem
D. Root cap
Answer:
The correct answer will be option- Root cap
Explanation:
The plant growth takes place not only above the surface but below the surface also in the roots. Roots continually grow to absorb more water and nutrients to support the growth of the plant.
The roots are protected by a layer of protective cells forming a structure called root cap below the root. The root cap protects the roots, secretes a substance which helps the growth of the root and the sense gravity.
In the given question since the roots are not able to grow therefore the damaged part will be the root cap.
Thus, the root cap is the correct answer.
Interrelatedness is a central factor of environmental science. Which of the following is an example of interrelatedness?
A. The production of red clover plants in fields in England to the number of cats in the area.
B. The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone National Park to the amount of livestock.
C. The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone National Park to the water flow through the landscape.
D. A & B only.
E.A & C only.
F. All of the above.
Answer:
Option F
Explanation:
Interrelatedness is a concept in which the unrelated factors are even unrelated in some or the other forms.
When anything is taken out or placed into this system, it has impact on each and every related or unrelated object of thing.
For instance, when wolves were placed in the Yellowstone national park then lot of changes were produced such as change in the water flow of the park, increase in variety of trees species especially the aspen, rodents became predominant, population of elk declined etc.
Similarly when red clover plants were introduced in England, the population of cat reduced as the population of mice reduced.
Why might a neurosurgeon receive a higher wage than a nail technician? a) There are fewer nail technicians than neurosurgeons. b) There are fewer neurosurgeons than nail technicians. c) Nail technicians work for companies with higher profits than neurosurgeons. d) Less education is needed for neurosurgeons than nail technicians.
Answer:
There are fewer neurosurgeons than nail technicians.
Explanation:
Neurosurgeon may be defined as a physician that are specialized in the field of diagnosis and treatment of the brain related problems. Nail technician gives perfect shape and work is to look at the nails of the customer.
The neurosurgeon has higher wage than nail technician as only few students adopt the field of neurosurgeon. The work of neurosurgeon is quite difficult and delicate than the nail technician. The neurosurgeon studies the delicate nerves present in brain and originated from the spinal cord.
Thus, the correct answer is option (b).
A neurosurgeon receives a higher wage than a nail technician due to the high importance of the job, the extensive skills and knowledge required, and the scarcity of qualified individuals. Neurosurgery demands a long educational investment and comes with great responsibility, and society provides higher compensation as an incentive for individuals to pursue such highly skilled professions. The answer is option B.
The reason why a neurosurgeon might receive a higher wage than a nail technician is due to the differing levels of importance, skills and knowledge, and scarcity of qualified individuals in each profession. Neurosurgeons perform complex brain surgeries, which are not only vitally important but also require a vast amount of specialized knowledge and skills. This job is considered highly skilled, and there are relatively few individuals who have the ability to acquire the necessary qualifications to become a neurosurgeon.
By contrast, more people are able to learn and perform the duties of a nail technician which requires less extensive training. Additionally, the level of responsibility and potential consequences of mistakes in neurosurgery are far greater than in nail care, justifying higher compensation for neurosurgeons. The high level of income and status associated with being a neurosurgeon acts as an incentive for individuals to embark on the long and arduous journey of medical training.
Therefore, option b) 'There are fewer neurosurgeons than nail technicians.' is the correct choice as it reflects the scarcity of highly schooled professionals in the neurosurgery field compared to more common vocations such as nail technicians.
Molecules A and B come in contact with the cell membrane of the same cell. Molecule A passes through the membrane readily, but molecule B does not. Which statement could describe molecules A and B?
Answer:
Molecule A is a simple sugar or amino acid, while molecule B is a starch or protein.
Explanation:
Molecule A, as a simple sugar or amino acid, consists of small molecules which can readily pass through the cell membrane, while Molecule B, as a starch or protein, consists of large molecules, thus, can't pass across the cell membrane.
This is the reason why the cell membrane is considered to be selectively permeable.
Molecule A, which readily passes through the cell membrane, is likely a small, nonpolar molecule. Molecule B does not pass freely, suggesting it could be a larger, polar molecule, which are typically unable to cross the membrane without assistance, possibly through facilitated diffusion.
Explanation:The molecules A and B described in your question seem to exhibit different behaviors in contact with the cell membrane because of their different properties. Molecule A is likely a small and nonpolar molecule, which is consistent with the properties needed to pass freely through the cell membrane's lipid bilayer. On the other hand, molecule B could be a polar molecule or a larger substance. These types of molecules do not readily pass through the cell membrane due to the hydrophobic (water-repelling) nature of the lipid bilayer's interior. Instead, these substances require special means of transport, such as facilitated diffusion, which involves protein channels in the membrane, to pass through.
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One of the neurotransmitters can become decreased in the area of the corpus striatum. This results in the manifestations of Parkinson's disease. Which neurotransmitter will cause this?
The question is incomplete as it does not have the options-
A) Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
B) Acetylcholine
C) Dopamine
D) Serotonin
Answer:
The correct answer will be option- Dopamine
Explanation:
Parkinson's disease is one of the movement disorders which gets worse with time. The disease is caused due to the degeneration of the neurons in the brain which are responsible for the body movement.
Although many brain areas are affected the most common result is due to the loss of neurons in the substantia nigra in which the neurons produce a neurotransmitter called dopamine which is responsible for the body movements.
Thus, Dopamine is the correct answer.
Answer: Dopamine
Explanation:
The level of the neurotransmitter named dopamine is decreased in the area of corpus striatum.
In case of this disease certain nerve cells in the brain die. There is a significant decrease in the level of the dopamine. It causes abnormal activity and the symptoms of Parkinson's disease is shown.
The symptoms are stiffness in the muscles of the body, abnormal postures, imbalanced reactions and the writings may be small.
All these symptoms of the Parkinson's disease which is caused due to the decreased level of the dopamine.
In a humoral or antibody-mediated immune response, specific B cells are stimulated by Helper T cells to transform into plasma cells that secrete antibodies. What would be an important feature added to B cells In this transition process
Answer:
Explanation:
Specific B cells are stimulated by helper T cells to transform into plasma cells that secrete antibodies and during this process, the important features that is added to the B cells transition into plasma cell is the abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum combined with properly developed Golgi apparatus in other for the plasma cells formed now from B cells to have the needed surface area for immunoglobulin (antibody) production.
How do plants, fungi, and bacteria avoid the damaging effects of a hypotonic environment?
Answer:
The plants, fungi and bacteria has a rigid covering which prevents the entrance of water inside the plants.
The covering is made of cellulose which is a polymer that is like a wax coat on the plants which does not allows the water to move from outside to the inside of the plants.
The water is transported by the vascular tissues only in the adequate amount which is not in excess amount.
Molecular movement that depends on the input of energy, which is necessary when the molecules to be moved are large or are being moved against their concentration gradient is called __________.
A. passive transport
B. active transport
C. neutral transport
D. None of these