(46 sec) x √ ((253.80894 g I2/mol) / (44.0128 g N2O/mol)) = 110 sec
Final answer:
Using Graham's law, we find that hydrogen effuses twice as fast as helium. Since a helium-filled balloon takes 6 hours to deflate by 50%, a hydrogen-filled balloon will take 3 hours to deflate to the same percentage under identical conditions.
Explanation:
The question refers to the concept of effusion of gases, which is covered under the topic of kinetic molecular theory in chemistry. The rate of effusion of a gas can be described by Graham's law, which states that the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass. Given that helium gas takes 6 hours to deflate to 50% of its original volume, and knowing that hydrogen gas effuses four times faster than oxygen, we can compare the properties of helium and hydrogen to determine how long it should take for a balloon with hydrogen gas to deflate to the same extent under identical conditions.
To find the time it will take for the hydrogen balloon to deflate, we need to use the relative rates of effusion of hydrogen and helium. Given that hydrogen has a molar mass of approximately 2 g/mol and helium has a molar mass of approximately 4 g/mol, we can calculate the relative rate of effusion using the formula from Graham's law:
Rate of effusion (helium) / Rate of effusion (hydrogen) = sqrt(Molar mass of hydrogen) / sqrt(Molar mass of helium)
Rate of effusion (helium) / Rate of effusion (hydrogen) = [tex]\sqrt{2}[/tex] / [tex]\sqrt{4}[/tex]
This means that the rate of effusion for helium is half that of hydrogen. Since effusion rate is inversely related to the time taken, if helium takes 6 hours to effuse 50%, hydrogen, which effuses twice as fast, will take half the time. Therefore, an identical balloon filled with hydrogen gas will take 3 hours to decrease its volume by 50%.
How do you do this question?
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{\text{(E) }1.0 \times 10^{-3} \text{ mol/L and pH = 3}}[/tex]
Explanation:
1. Calculate the concentration of hydronium ion
We can use an ICE table to organize the calculations.
HA + H₂O ⇌ H₃O⁺ + A⁻
I/mol·L⁻¹: 0.100 0 0
C/mol·L⁻¹: -x +x +x
E/mol·L⁻¹: 0.100 - x x x
[tex]K_{\text{a}} = \dfrac{\text{[H}_{3}\text{O}^{+}]\text{A}^{-}]} {\text{[HA]}} = 1.0 \times 10^{-5}\\\\\dfrac{x^{2}}{0.100 - x} = 1.0 \times 10^{-5}\\\\\\\text{Check for negligibility of }x\\\\\dfrac{ 0.100 }{1.0 \times 10^{-5}} = 10 000 > 400\\\\\therefore x \ll 0.100\\\\\\x^{2} = 0.100 \times 1.0\times 10^{-5} = 1.00 \times 10^{-6}\\\\x = \sqrt{1.00 \times 10^{-6}} = 1.0\times 10^{-3}\\\\\rm [H$_{3}$O$^{+}$]= x mol$\cdot$L$^{-1}$ = 1.0 $\times$ 10$^{-3}$ mol$\cdot$L$^{-1}$[/tex]
2. Calculate the pH
[tex]\text{pH} = -\log{\rm[H_{3}O^{+}]} = -\log{1.0 \times 10^{-3}} = \boxed{\mathbf{3}}[/tex]
Drag each tile to the correct box.
Match the name of each compound to its chemical formula. Use the table to help you.
nitric acid
sulfurous acid
hypochlorous acid
ammonia
sulfuric acid
H2SO3
arrowRight
NH3
arrowRight
HNO3
arrowRight
H2SO4
arrowRight
HClO
arrowRight
Answer:
Here you go buddy. Good Luck
Explanation:
Chemical formula of a compound tells us about the number of atoms of elements that are present in a compound.
For the given options:
1. Nitric acid
This is an acid in which one hydrogen, 1 nitrogen and 3 oxygen atoms are present. The chemical formula for this compound is [tex]HNO_3[/tex]
2. Sulfurous acid
This is an acid in which two hydrogen, 1 sulfur and 3 oxygen atoms are present. The chemical formula for this compound is [tex]H_2SO_3[/tex]
3. Hypochlorous acid
This is an acid in which one hydrogen, 1 chlorine and 1 oxygen atoms are present. The chemical formula for this compound is [tex]HClO[/tex]
4. Ammonia
This is an acid in which three hydrogen and 1 nitrogen atoms are present. The chemical formula for this compound is [tex]NH_3[/tex]
5. Sulfuric acid
This is an acid in which one hydrogen, 1 sulfur and 4 oxygen atoms are present. The chemical formula for this compound is [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex]
What are the signs of a chemical reaction?
Bubbling And Fizzing
Answer:
Signs of chemical reactions are, if gas or bubbles are present, if a color changes occurs, or if a precipitate is formed, that could indicate that a chemical reaction has occurred.
Explanation:
Why is it important for scientists to keep testing a hypothesis even after they've found it to be true?
Answer:
as the world is changing we change also
Explanation:
We must always check and recheck are a hypothesis
Answer:
Explanation:
Because sometimes in the details of an experiment there are details hidden away that no one has thought to exploit.
I like to use Cancer as an example. Most cancers have drugs associated with them that are actually poisons (although scientists are getting much, much better in reducing side effects).
But the main purpose until recently is an example of survival of the fittest. Think Darwin. The drug kills off the cancer cells that are most easily killed off. That leaves the slower growing more deadly forms of the cancer behind and they finish the job, because there is nothing to control them, nor is anything competing with them.
Without finding this out, biologists would be at a loss of where to turn. Oncologists repeat the same treatment hundreds of times until the have a feel for how the cancer works. Then they are better equipped to tackle the problem a new.
Carbon disulfide is prepared by heating sulfur and charcoal. The chemical equation is
Given that G for the reaction below is –957.9 kJ, what is Gf of H2O? 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) =4NO(g) + 6H2O(g)
Gf,
NH3 = -16.66 kJ/mol
Gf,NO = 86.71 kJ/mol –228.6 kJ/mol –206.4 kJ/mol 46.7 kJ/mol 90.7 kJ/mol
Answer:
- 228.6 kJ/mol.
Explanation:
∵ ΔGrxn = ∑ΔGf, products - ∑ΔGf, reactants
For the reaction:4NH₃(g) + 5O₂(g) → 4NO(g) + 6H₂O,
∴ ΔGrxn = [6(ΔGf, H₂O) + 4(ΔGf, NO)] - [4(ΔGf, NH₃) + 5(ΔGf, O₂)]
ΔGrxn = – 957.9 kJ, ΔGf, H₂O = ??? KJ/mol, ΔGf, NO = 86.71 kJ/mol, ΔGf, NH₃ = - 16.66 kJ/mol, ΔGf, O₂ = 0.0 kJ/mol.
∴ – 957.9 kJ = [6(ΔGf, H₂O) + 4(86.71 kJ/mol)] - [4(- 16.66 kJ/mol) + 5(0.0 kJ/mol)].
– 957.9 kJ = 6(ΔGf, H₂O) + 346.8 kJ/mol + 66.64 kJ/mol
– 957.9 kJ = 6(ΔGf, H₂O) + 413.8 kJ/mol
6(ΔGf, H₂O) = – 957.9 kJ - 413.8 kJ/mol = - 1372 kJ/mol.
∴ ΔGf, H₂O = (- 1372 kJ/mol)/6 = - 228.6 kJ/mol.
In 1909 Fritz Haber discovered the workable conditions under which nitrogen, N2(g), and hydrogen, H2(g), would combine using to produce ammonia. The conditions included medium temperature (~500oC), very high pressure (~351kPa), and an iron catalyst. The reaction is represented by the equation:
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ↔ 2NH3(g)
Assuming a similar process takes place at STP, what volume of ammonia gas will be produced if 2.4L nitrogen are reacted with an excess of hydrogen gas?
A)
1.2L NH3
B)
2.4L NH3
C)
4.8L NH3
D)
9.3g NH3
Answer:
C) 4.8 L NH₃.
Explanation:
The balanced equation for the mentioned reaction is:N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) → 2NH₃(g),
It is clear that 1.0 moles of N₂ react with 3.0 moles of H₂ to produce 2.0 moles of NH₃.
At STP, 2,4 L of N₂ reacts with an excess of hydrogen gas:It is known that at STP: every 1.0 mol of any gas occupies 22.4 L.
using cross multiplication:1.0 mol of N₂ represents → 22.4 L.
??? mol of N₂ represents → 2.4 L.
∴ 2.4 L of N₂ represents = (1.0 mol)(2.4 L)/(22.4 L) = 0.1071 mol.
To find the no. of moles of NH₃ produced:Using cross multiplication:1.0 mol of N₂ produce → 2.0 mol of NH₃, from stichiometry.
0.1071 mol of N₂ produce → ??? mol of NH₃.
∴ The no. of moles of NH₃ = (2.0 mol)(0.1071 mol)/(1.0 mol) = 0.2142 mol.
Again, using cross multiplication:1.0 mol of NH₃ represents → 22.4 L, at STP.
0.2142 mol of NH₃ represents → ??? L.
∴ The no. of liters of NH₃ will be produced = (0.2142 mol)(22.4 L)/(1.0 mol) = 4.789 L ≅ 4.8 L.
So, the right choice is: C) 4.8 L NH₃.
Final answer:
Using Avogadro's law and the stoichiometry of the chemical equation for the production of ammonia, 2.4L of nitrogen gas will produce 4.8L of ammonia gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP).
Explanation:
According to Avogadro's law, equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules. Therefore, we can use the balanced chemical equation N2(g) + 3 H2(g) → 2 NH3(g) to determine the volume of ammonia produced by the reaction. The equation tells us that one volume of nitrogen reacts with three volumes of hydrogen to produce two volumes of ammonia. Since we are assuming standard temperature and pressure (STP), we can directly relate the volumes of gases involved in the reaction.
If 2.4L of N2 are reacted with an excess of hydrogen, according to the stoichiometry of the reaction, it would produce twice the volume of NH3 because for every one volume of N2, two volumes of NH3 are produced. Therefore, 2.4L of N2 would produce 4.8L of NH3. Accordingly, the correct answer is C) 4.8L NH3.
Which would expect bleach to have?
A high concentration of hydronium ions
A high concentration of hydroxyl ions
A high concentration of hydrogen ion
A low concentration of all kinds of ions
The correct answer would be B. high concentration of hydroxyl ions, as bleach has a basic pH of about 13.
Hope this helps:)
A solution's hydronium ion concentration must fall as the concentration of hydroxide ions rises. In this instance, [H3O+] [OH-], and the remedy is regarded as basic. A high concentration of hydroxyl ions would expect bleach to have.
What is hydroxyl ion ?The chemical term for the diatomic anion OH is hydroxide. Other names for hydrogen dioxide include hydroxyl, hydroxyl radical, and hydroxide ion. It is made up of an atom of hydrogen and one of oxygen that are joined together by a covalent bond. A negative electric charge is present in the hydrogen.
A diatomic anion with the chemical formula OH is hydrogen oxide. It has a negative electric charge and is made up of two atoms of oxygen and hydrogen that are bound together by a single covalent bond.
A basic solution and a large concentration of hydroxide ions are indicated by a low pOH value.
Thus, option B is correct.
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#SPJ5
the acid dissociation constant, ___, is a quantitative measure of acid strength
Answer:
The acid dissociation constant, _Ka__, is a quantitative measure of acid strength
Explanation:
Phosphorus pentachloride decomposes to phosphorus trichloride at high temperatures according to the equation: pcl5(g)→pcl3(g)+cl2(g) at 250° 0.125 m pcl5 is added to the flask. if kc = 1.80, what are the equilibrium concentrations of each gas?
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{\text{[PCl$_{5}$] = 0.0077 mol/L; [PCl$_{3}$] = [Cl$_{2}$] = 0.117 mol/L}}[/tex]
Explanation:
The balanced equation is
PCl₅(g) ⇌ PCl₃(g) + Cl₂(g)
You don't give the volume of the flask, so I assume it is 1 L.
We can set up an ICE table to organize our calculations.
[tex]\begin{array}{lccccc} & \text{PCl}_{5} & \rightleftharpoons & \text{PCl}_{3} & + & \text{Cl}_{2} \\\text{I/mol}\cdot\text{L}^{-1}: & 0.125 & & 0 & & 0 &\\\text{C/mol}\cdot\text{L}^{-1}: & -x & & +x & & +x &\\\text{E/mol}\cdot\text{L}^{-1}:& 0.125-x & & x & & x &\\\end{array}[/tex]
[tex]K_{\text{c}} = \dfrac{\text{[PCl$_3$][Cl$_2$]}}{\text{[PCl$_5$]}} = \dfrac{x^{2}}{0.125-x} = 1.80[/tex]
Check for negligibility
[tex]\dfrac{0.125}{1.80} = 0.0674 < 400.[/tex]
x is not negligible, so we must solve a quadratic.
[tex]x^{2} = 1.80(0.125 - x)\\x^{2} = 0.225 - 1.80x\\x^{2} + 1.80x - 0.225 = 0\\[/tex]
Solve for x.
x = 0.1173
[PCl₅] = 0.125 - x = 0.125 – 0.1173 = 0.0077 mol·L⁻¹
[PCl₃] = x = 0.117 mol·L⁻¹
[Cl₂] = x = 0.117 mol·L⁻¹
[tex]\boxed{\textbf{[PCl$_{5}$] = 0.0077 mol/L; [PCl$_{3}$] = [Cl$_{2}$] = 0.117 mol/L}}[/tex]
Check:
[tex]\dfrac{0.117^{2}}{0.0077} = 1.80\\\\\dfrac{0.0138}{0.0077} = 1.79[/tex]
Close enough. It checks.
In a chemical reaction when the reactants split to form two or more products are called a decomposition reaction. It is generally a breakdown of the reactants to yield products.
The concentrations of [tex]\rm PCl_{5}[/tex] is 0.0077 mol/L, [tex]\rm PCl_{3}[/tex] and [tex]\rm Cl_{2}[/tex] is 0.177 mol/L.
How to calculate the concentration of the gases?The balanced equation given is:
[tex]\rm PCl_{5} (g) \rightleftharpoons \rm PCl_{3} (g) + Cl_{2} (g)[/tex]
Assume the volume of the flask = 1 L[tex]K_{c}[/tex] = 1.80See the ICE table for the equation in the attached image below.
According to the table:
[tex]Kc = \dfrac{[\rm PCl_{3}] [Cl_{2}]}{[\rm PCl_{5}]}[/tex]
[tex]1.80 =\dfrac { x^{2} }{0.125 - x}[/tex]
Check the value for the negligibility:
[tex]\dfrac{0.125 }{1.80} = 0.0674 < 400[/tex]
From above it can be stated that it is not negligible and will be solved by the quadratic equation:
[tex]\begin{aligned}x^{2} &= 1.80 (0.125 - x)\\\\x^{2} &= 0.225 - 1.80x\\\\0 &= x^{2} + 1.80 x - 0.225\end{aligned}[/tex]
Solving further for x:
x = 0.1173
For gases:
[tex]\begin{aligned} \rm [PCl_{5}] &= 0.125 - x \\\\\rm [PCl_{5}] &= 0.125 - 0.1173 \\\\&= 0.0077 \;\rm mol L^{-1}\end{aligned}[/tex]
And,
[tex]\begin{aligned} \rm [PCl_{3}] &= 0.117 \;\rm mol L^{-1}\\\\\rm [Cl_{2}] &= 0.117 \;\rm mol L^{-1} \end{aligned}[/tex]
Therefore, the concentration of each gases are [tex]\rm PCl_{5}[/tex] is 0.0077 mol/L, [tex]\rm PCl_{3}[/tex] and [tex]\rm Cl_{2}[/tex] is 0.177 mol/L.
Learn more about the concentration of the gases here:
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How much heat is released when 105g of steam at 100.0C is cooled to ice at -15C? Enthalpy of vaporization of water is 40.67kj/mol, the enthalpy of fusion of water is 6.01kj/mol, the molar heat capacity of water is 75.4J/(mol.C) and the molar heat capacity of ice is 36.4J/(mol.C)
Answer:
4909.486Kj/mol
Explanation:
the heat would be required to change steam at 100°c to water at 100°c then change the water at that temperature to water at 0°c then change water at 0°c to ice at 0°c then ice at 0°c to ice at -15°c
Answer : The heat released is, 319.28 kJ
Solution :
The conversions involved in this process are :
[tex](1):H_2O(g)(100^oC)\rightarrow H_2O(l)(100^oC)\\\\(2):H_2O(l)(100^oC)\rightarrow H_2O(l)(0^oC)\\\\(3):H_2O(l)(0^oC)\rightarrow H_2O(s)(100^oC)\\\\(4):H_2O(s)(0^oC)\rightarrow H_2O(s)(-15^oC)[/tex]
Now we have to calculate the enthalpy change.
[tex]\Delta H=n\times \Delta H_{condensation}+[n\times c_{p,l}\times (T_{final}-T_{initial})]+n\times \Delta H_{freezing}+[n\times c_{p,s}\times (T_{final}-T_{initial})][/tex]
where,
[tex]\Delta H[/tex] = enthalpy change = ?
Mass of water = 105 g
Moles of water = [tex]\frac{\text{Mass of water}}{\text{Molar mass of water}}=\frac{105g}{18g/mole}=5.83mole[/tex]
[tex]c_{p,s}[/tex] = specific heat of solid water = [tex]36.4J/(mol.^oC)[/tex]
[tex]c_{p,l}[/tex] = specific heat of liquid water = [tex]75.4J/(mol.^oC)[/tex]
[tex]\Delta H_{freezing}[/tex] = enthalpy change for freezing = enthalpy change for fusion = - 6.01 KJ/mole = - 6010 J/mole
[tex]\Delta H_{condensation}[/tex] = enthalpy change for condensation = enthalpy change for vaporization = -40.67 KJ/mole = -40670 J/mole
Now put all the given values in the above expression, we get
[tex]\Delta H=5.83mole\times -40670J/mole+[5.83mole\times 75.4J/(mol.^oC)\times (0-100)^oC]+5.83mole\times -6010J/mole+[5.83mole\times 36.4J/(mol.^oC)\times (-15-0)^oC][/tex]
[tex]\Delta H=-319285.78J=-319.28KJ[/tex] (1 KJ = 1000 J)
Negative sign indicates that the heat is released during the process.
Therefore, the heat released is, 319.28 KJ
Which is a balanced chemical equation? A. C7H16 + 5O2 6CO2 + 4H2O B. C7H16 + 11O2 7CO2 + 8H2O C. C7H16 + 14O2 7CO2 +5H2O D. C7H16 + 22O2 14CO2 + 16H2O
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{\text{B.}}[/tex]
Explanation:
B.
[tex]\rm C$_7$H_{16}$ + 11O$_2$ $\longrightarrow \,$ 7CO$_2$ + 8H$_2$O[/tex]
BALANCED. 7C, 16H, and 22O on each side of equation.
A.
[tex]\rm C$_7$H$_{16}$ + 5O$_2$ $\longrightarrow \,\rm 6CO$_2$ + 4H$_2$O[/tex]
NOT BALANCED. 7C on left and 6C on right.
C.
[tex]\rm C$_7$H$_{16}$ + 14O$_2$ $\longrightarrow \,$ 7CO$_2$ + 5H$_2$O[/tex]
NOT BALANCED. 16H on left and 10H on right.
D.
[tex]\rm C$_7$H$_{16}$ + 22O$_2$ $\longrightarrow \, $ 14CO$_2$ + 16H$_2$O[/tex]
NOT BALANCED. 7C on left and 14C on right.
Which of the following hydrocarbons has a double bond in its carbon skeleton?1) C3H82) C2H63) CH44) C2H45) C2H2
Answer:
C₂H₄ (option number 4)Explanation:
A hydrocarbon with a double bond in its carbon skeleton is an alkene and has the general form:
[tex]C_nH_{2n}[/tex].This is, the number of hydrogen atoms is twice the number of carbon atoms.
On the other hand, alkanes have only single bonds, and the compounds with a triple bond in its carbon skeleton are alkynes.
Review each choice:
1) C₃H₈:
In this case, the number of hydrogen atoms is 2×3 + 2 = 6 + 2 = 8, which is corresponds to an alkane, not an alkene.2) C₂H₆
For this, the number of hydrogen atoms is 2 × 2 + 2 = 4 + 2 = 6. Again an alkane, not alkene.3) CH₄
Hydrogen atoms: 1 × 2 + 2 = 4 ⇒ an alkane4) C₂H₄
Hydrogen atoms: 2 × 2 = 4. This is precisely the relation for an alkene, so this is the hydrocarbon that has a double bond in its carbon skeleton.The chemical formula may be writen as CH₂ = CH₂, to show the double bond.So, this is the correct answer.
5) C₂H₂
Hydrogen atoms: 2 × 2 - 2 = 4 - 2 = 2. This relation of carbon and hydrogen atoms corresponds to a compound with triple bond, i.e an alkyne: CH≡CH.What is the critical angle for the interface between water and diamond?
33 degrees
90 degrees
57 degrees
0 degrees
98 degrees
Answer:
33 degrees
Explanation:
The critical angle for a light ray moving from a denser medium with refractive index [tex]n_1[/tex] to a second medium with refractive index [tex]n_2[/tex] is given by
[tex]\theta_c = sin^{-1} (\frac{n_2}{n_1})[/tex]
In this case, the critical angle occurs when light moves from diamond to water. The index of refraction of the two materials are:
[tex]n_d = 2.42[/tex] for diamond
[tex]n_w = 1.33[/tex] for water
So the critical angle is
[tex]\theta_c = sin^{-1} (\frac{1.33}{2.42})=sin^{-1}(0.550)=33.3^{\circ}[/tex]
Ethanoic acid and 1-butanol can react to produce water and a compound classified as an 1) aldehyde 2) amine 3) ester 4) halide
Answer:
3) ester
Explanation:
Esterification is the process in which alkanol and alkanoic acids reacts in the presence of a catalyst and heat. The product is usually an ester(alkanoate) and water.
For the reaction between ethanoic acid and 1-butanol, the product is butylethanoate and water as shown below:
CH₃COOH + C₄H₈OH → CH₃COOC₄H₈ + H₂O
Where are metals located on the periodic table?
For chemistry purposes we will always measure delta Ts (temperature changes) with which scale?
SELECT AN ANSWER
Reichter
Kelvin
Fahrenheit
Celcius
Answer:
Kelvin
Explanation:
What is the molar mass of Al(OH)^3? Report your answer top the nearest 0.1 g/mol
Answer:
77.98 g/mol ≅ 78.0 g/mol.
Explanation:
The molar mass of any compound can be calculated by the sum of the atomic masses of different atoms in the compound multiplied by its no. in the compound.Molar mass of Al(OH)₃ = (Atomic mass of Al) + 3(Atomic mass of O) + 3(Atomic mass of H)
Atomic mass of Al = 26.98 g/mol. & Atomic mass of O = 16.0 g/mol & Atomic mass of H = 1.0 g/mol.
∴ Molar mass of Al(OH)₃ = (26.98 g/mol) + 3(16.0 g/mol) + 3(1.0 g/mol) = 77.98 g/mol ≅ 78.0 g/mol.
Final answer:
To find the molar mass of Al(OH)3, calculate the total mass of one mole by adding the molar mass of each element: Al, O, and H. The molar mass of Al(OH)3 is approximately 77.0 g/mol.
Explanation:
To find the molar mass of Al(OH)3, we need to calculate the total mass of one mole of Al(OH)3.
First, we calculate the molar mass of each element in Al(OH)3:
Al: 1 mole * 26.98 g/mole = 26.98 g/mole
O: 3 moles * 16.00 g/mole = 48.00 g/mole
H: 3 moles * 1.01 g/mole = 3.03 g/mole
Adding up the masses of each element gives us a total molar mass of Al(OH)3:
26.98 g/mole + 48.00 g/mole + 3.03 g/mole = 77.01 g/mole
Therefore, the molar mass of Al(OH)3 is approximately 77.0 g/mol to the nearest 0.1 g/mol.
A car is traveling down a straight road. Which of Newton's laws must be put into effect to cause the car to follow a curve in the road?
Answer:The second law
Answer:
second
Explanation:
How are changes in populations related to the availability of an ecosystem's resources?
A. Population sizes are limited by the amount of resources that are available.
B. Large populations need the same amount of resources as small populations.
C. Changes in population are independent of the availability of an ecosystem's resources.
Answer:
A. Population sizes are limited by the amount of resources that are available.
Explanation:
Think about it, the more people you have, the more food & water you need.
SO the answer is A.
(prove me wrong)
What is the percent by volume of ethanol (C2H60, or ethyl alcohol) in the final solution when 90 mL of ethanol is diluted to a volume of 550 mL with water?
Answer:
16.0%.
Explanation:
Volume percent of a substance is the ratio of the substance volume to the solution volume multiplied by 100.
V % of ethanol = (volume of ethanol / volume of the solution) x 100.
volume of ethanol = 90.0 mL, volume of the solution = 550.0 mL.
∴ V % of ethanol = (90.0 mL / 550.0 mL) x 100 = 16.36% ≅ 16.0%.
What does this mean: A saturated solution may be quite dilute because some substances have a very low solubility. I don't understand what this is saying.
Answer:
Here's how I would explain it.
Explanation:
Think of it this way.
When you mix solutions of silver nitrate and sodium chloride, you get an immediate precipitate of silver chloride. The equation is
Ag⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq) ⟶ AgCl(s)
Now, take some AgCl and stir it vigorously with water.
You won't see much happening, because the AgCl is has such a low solubility. Not much of it will go into solution. And yet, a small amount of it does dissolve until the solution is saturated.
The concentration of AgCl in the saturated solution is
about 0.000 01 mol·L⁻¹.
I hope you will agree that this is a dilute solution even though it is saturated with AgCl.
Finely ground nickel(II) hydroxide is placed in a beaker of water. It sinks to the bottom of the beaker and remains unchanged. An aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) is then added to the beaker, and the Ni(OH ) 2 disappears. Which equation best describes what occurred in the beaker? A. Ni(OH ) 2 (s) + HCl(aq) → NiO(aq) + H 2(g) + HCl(aq) B. Ni(OH ) 2 (s) + 2HCl(aq) → NiC l 2 (aq) + 2 H 2 O(l) C. Ni(OH ) 2 (s) + 2 H 2 O(l) → NiC l 2 (aq) + 2 H 2 O(l) D. Ni(OH ) 2 (s) + 2 H 2 O(l) → NiCl 2(aq) + 3H 2O(l) + O 2(g)
Answer:C
Explanation:
The equation which best describes the reaction between Ni(OH)₂ & HCl is Ni(OH)₂(s) + 2HCl(l) → NiCl₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l).
What is neutralization reaction?Those reaction in which acids combine with bases to form water molecule and salt is known as neutralization reaction.
In the given question, nickel hydroxide Ni(OH)₂ is a base and when it reacts with hydrochloric acid it will form water molecule and nickel chloride salt, and chemical reaction for this changes will be represent as follow:
Ni(OH)₂(s) + 2HCl(l) → NiCl₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l)
Reactions except this equation is not correct as in that equations formation of desired products will not takes place.
Hence Ni(OH)₂(s)+2HCl(l)→NiCl₂(aq)+2H₂O(l) best describes the change.
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Urgent 25 points!!!
Consider this gas law problem: if I have 3.2 L of gas at a pressure of 3.5 atm and a temperature of 323 K, what will be the temperature of the gas if I decrease the volume of the gas to 2.6 L and decrease the pressure to 1.5
Answer all parts below for full credit:
A) What are the knows in this problem
B) What is the problem asking you to find
C) Which gas law is the best law for finding the answer to this problem?
D) Use the gas law that you indicated in part C above and find the unknown value(be sure to show all of your work)
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{\text{112 K}}[/tex]
Explanation:
A) Know
p₁ = Initial pressure; p₂ = final pressure
V₁ =Initial volume; V₂ = final pressure
T₁ = Initial temperature
B) Find
T₂ = final temperature
C) Strategy
Use the Combined Gas Laws Equation:
[tex]\dfrac{p_{1}V_{1}}{T_{1}} = \dfrac{p_{2}V_{2}}{T_{2}}[/tex]
It contains symbols for all the knowns and the unknown.
D) Calculations
(i) Data:
p₁ = 3.5 atm; p₂ = 1.5 L
V₁ = 3.2 L; V₂ = 2.6 L
T₁ = 323 K T₂ = ?
(ii) Calculation
[tex]\dfrac{3.5\times3.2}{323} = \dfrac{1.5\times 2.6}{T_{2}}\\\\0.0347 = \dfrac{3.90}{T_{2}}\\\\T_{2} = \dfrac{3.90}{0.0347} = \boxed{\textbf{112 K}}[/tex]
The mole fraction of nitrogen in the air is 0.7808. this means that 78.08% of the molecules in the air are nitrogen. when the atmospheric pressure is 760 torr, the partial pressure of nitrogen in the air is _______.
Answer:
[tex]p = \boxed{\text{593 torr}}[/tex]
Explanation:
For this question, we must use Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures:
The partial pressure of a gas in a mixture of gases equals its mole fraction times the total pressure:
[tex]p = \chi p_{\text{tot}}[/tex]
Data:
χ = 0.7808
[tex]p_{\text{tot}} = \text{ 760 torr}[/tex]
Calculation:
[tex]p = 0.7808 \times \text{ 760 torr}\\\\p= \boxed{\textbf{593 torr}}[/tex]
The partial pressure of nitrogen in the air, when the atmospheric pressure is 760 torr, is 593.4 torr. This is calculated using the given formula and the mole fraction of nitrogen.
Explanation:The mole fraction of nitrogen (N₂) in the air is 0.7808 or 78.08%. This means that 78.08% of the molecules in the air are nitrogen. When talking about the partial pressure of gases, it means the contribution of that gas to the total pressure of the mixture. The partial pressure of any gas can be calculated using the formula P = (Patm) X (percent content in mixture). In this case, the atmospheric pressure (Patm) is 760 mm Hg, or torr. To find the partial pressure of nitrogen (N₂), multiply the atmospheric pressure by the mole fraction of nitrogen. So, Pₙ₂ = (760 torr) X (0.7808) = 593.4 torr. Therefore, when the atmospheric pressure is 760 torr, the partial pressure of nitrogen in the air is 593.4 torr.
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What is the name of the scientist famous for their pioneering research on radioactivity?
Percy L. Julian
Max Planck
Albert Einstein
Marie Curie
Answer:
marie curie
Explanation:
It is Marie Curie who is a famous scientist for her research on radioactivity...
When an alpha particle is emitted from an unstable nucleus, the atomic mass numberof the nucleus
9) _______
A) increases by 4.
B) decreases by 2.
C) increases by 2.
D) decreases by 4.
Answer:
The correct option is D.
Explanation:
Radioactive substances usually emit different types of particles when they are decaying. Such particles include alpha particles, beta particles and gamma ray. When an alpha particle is emitted from an unstable radioactive nucleus such nucleus usually lost an atomic mass that correspond to that of helium atom. Note that an alpha particle is made up of two protons and two neutrons, which result in mass number of 4. Thus, a nucleus that emit an alpha particle will have its mass number (atomic mass) reduce by 4 and atomic number that is reduced by 2.
An element of atomic number 88 decays radioactively to anelement of atomic number 82.Which of the following emissions achieve this result?one alpha particle and one beta particlethree alpha particlesone alpha particlesix beta particles
The element initially has an atomic number of 88 and it decays to an atomic number of 82. This is achieved by the emission of three alpha particles in a process known as radioactive decay. No beta particles are emitted in this case.
Explanation:In your question, an element of atomic number 88 decays to an element of atomic number 82. This radioactive decay is a form of alpha decay. In alpha decay, the atomic number decreases by two and the mass number decreases by four, as one alpha particle (consisting of two neutrons and two protons) is emitted from the nucleus.
Therefore, in order to move from an atomic number of 88 to 82, three alpha particles must be emitted. The emission of any beta particles (which transform a neutron into a proton) would have the effect of increasing the atomic number, which is not what happens in this case.
Hence, the correct answer is three alpha particles.
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The density of NO2 in a 4.50 L tank at 760.0 torr and 25.0 °C is ________ g/l.
A) 1.64.
B) 9.30.
C) 1.68.
D) 1.88.
E) 3.27
The density of NO2 in a 4.50 L tank at 760.0 torr and 25.0 °C is approximately 1.64 g/L.
Explanation:To calculate the density of NO2 in a 4.50 L tank at 760.0 torr and 25.0 °C, we can use the ideal gas law and the molar mass of NO2. The ideal gas law equation is PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is temperature. Rearranging the equation, we have n = PV/RT. First, we need to calculate the number of moles of NO2 in the tank. We can calculate this by dividing the pressure in torr by the ideal gas constant (0.08206 L atm/K mol), multiplied by the temperature in Kelvin. Then we can divide the calculated number of moles by the volume of the tank to get the molar concentration. Finally, we can divide the mass of NO2 by the volume of the tank to get the density. Using this method, the density of NO2 in the 4.50 L tank at 760.0 torr and 25.0 °C is approximately 1.64 g/L (Option A).
Sumit and Rohan were playing in bath tub of water. While playing Sumit accidently dropped his iron key into the bath tub and Rohan dropped a piece of wood.Which among the wood and iron will be easy to find.Explain why,
Answer:
The wood
Explanation:
The block of wood shall float in the water while the iron key would sink due to the weight.
The iron key is easier to find in the bathtub as it will sink due to its density, while the wood floats. This behavior is explained by Archimedes' principle concerning buoyant force and the displacement of water.
Between the iron key and the piece of wood, the iron key would be easier to find because it would sink to the bottom of the bathtub due to its higher density compared to water. Objects denser than water, such as iron, will not float and instead displace a volume of water equal to their own volume as they sink. This concept is explained by Archimedes' principle, which states that the buoyant force on an object submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. Since iron is much denser than water, it displaces a small volume of water before reaching the bottom of the tub. On the other hand, wood is less dense than water and therefore floats on the surface. This is because the wood displaces a volume of water equal to its weight before it is completely submerged, allowing it to float.
In the bathtub experiment mentioned in the question, marbles were dropped into a partially filled bathtub sink to the bottom. While part of their weight is supported by the buoyant force, the downward force on the bottom of the tub increases by exactly the weight of the marbles because the water displaced by the marbles has to go somewhere, exerting an equal force downward.