When preparing dilute solutions of an acid, carefully pour -
a. both liquids at once
b. the acid into the container
c. the acid into the water
d. water into the acid?
When preparing dilute solutions of acid, carefully pour the acid into the water.
Explanation:
Acid is a chemical substance that gives hydronium ions in their aqueous solution.[tex]HA(s)+H_2O(l)\rightarrow H_3O^+(aq)+A^-(aq)[/tex]
Their aqueous solution tastes sour.They are used to neutralize the alkali solution. Like hydrochloric acid neutralizes sodium hydroxide to give sodium chloride and water as a product.The acid solution with a larger amount of acid in its solution is considered a concentrated acid solution.The acid solution with a smaller amount of acid in its solution is considered a dilute acid solution.The concentrated acid solution can be changed into a dilute acid solution by adding the concentrated acid solution in water slowly and with constant stirring.Do not add water in concentrated acid solution as water and acid reacts vigorously which can cause water to boil and acid to splash.So, from this, we conclude that when preparing dilute solutions of acid, carefully pour the acid into the water.
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What did Dmitri Mendeleev contribute to science
He arranged the first periodic table?
When a group 7 element reacts with a group 1 element,what is the effect on the group 1 atom
Answer:
if so,then it forms metal halides like NaF,NaCl,KCl,NaBr etc...
WILL MARK AS BRAINLIEST
Name the following ionic compounds.
Write the full ground state electron configuration of o2 .
The full ground state electron configuration for O₂, determined by molecular orbital theory and Aufbau principle, is as follows: 1σg² 1σu² 2σg² 2σu² 1πu⁴ 1πg². This configuration signifies the presence of two unpaired electrons, effectively explained by molecular orbital theory
Explanation:The full ground state electron configuration of O₂ can be predicted using molecular orbital (MO) theory and Aufbau principle. Each oxygen atom has 8 electrons, hence O₂ molecule has 16 in total. The electrons fill the lower-energy molecular orbitals first before filling the higher-level ones.
So, the electron configuration of O₂ molecule as per the Aufbau principle would be : 1σg² 1σu² 2σg² 2σu² 1πu⁴ (3 electrons in each of these two degenerate orbitals) 1πg² which describes the presence of two unpaired electrons. The molecular orbital theory offers an efficient explanation of the presence of two unpaired electrons, which Lewis structures have difficulty doing.
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An atom of aluminum has 13 protons and 14 neutrons. what is the atomic mass
The atomic mass of the atom of aluminum having 13 protons and 14 neutrons is 27
How to determine the atomic mass?Atomic mass of an atom is simply defined as the sum of the protons and neutron in the nucleus of an atom i.e
Atomic mass = proton + neutron
Now, we shall obtain the atomic mass of the atom of aluminum. Details below:
Number of protons = 13Number of neutrons = 14 Atomic mass =?Atomic mass = proton + neutron
= 13 + 14
= 27
Thus, we can conclude that the atomic mass of the atom of aluminum is 27
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How many different kinsds of polypeptides, each composed of 12 amino acids, could be synthesized using 20 common amino acids?
There are 4 types of peptides, dipeptide, tri-peptide, oligopeptide, and polypeptide. Dipeptides synthesized by 20 amino acids by using the square of 12 i.e. 20¹².
What are polypeptides?The polymer of peptides is known as polypeptides i.e. the long chain of peptide bonds are known as polypeptides. Basically, these are the bond that combines the amino acids in the bond for protein synthesis.
Dipeptides are the type that contains two bonds, tripeptides are the bond that contains 3 bonds and oligopeptides are those where more than 2 and less than 20 amino acids are attached to each other.
Polypeptides are the polymer chain of proteins a long chain of amino acids helps in the formation of protein for metabolism and synthesis of protein.
Each is composed of 12 amino acids and could be synthesized in the form of
20 amino acid * 12 amino acid chain = 20¹².
i.e. by taking 20 chains of 12 amino acids
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What are some patterns that we can use in order to predict reactivity in elements based on the periodic table
Reactivity patterns in the periodic table are based on the elements' electronic configurations, inducing periodic trends. Elements with the same number of valence electrons tend to have similar reactivity, and the first ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity help predict chemical behavior. The activity series extends these predictions to single-replacement reactions among metals.
Patterns in the periodic table allow us to predict the reactivity of elements. The properties of an element are largely determined by their electronic configurations, which give rise to recurring patterns or periodicity in their behavior.
Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of reactive electrons. For example, the elements of Group 1 have one valence electron, which makes them highly reactive metals. As we move down this group, reactivity increases because the valence electron is farther from the nucleus and is more easily removed. This leads to a lower first ionization energy.
In addition to group trends, there are periodic trends for ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, and atomic radii within the main group (s- and p-block) elements. For instance, atomic radius increases going down a group and decreases across a period from left to right. These trends help predict whether an element will donate or accept electrons in a chemical reaction.
Another helpful tool is the activity series, which lists metals in order of their reactivity. This series predicts how elements will behave in single-replacement reactions. An element in the series can replace any element below it, but not above it. This complements the information given by the periodic table, especially when dealing with cations in ionic compounds.
What is the first ten elements of the periodic table?
The first ten elements of the periodic table are Hydrogen, Helium, Lithium, Beryllium, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, and Neon. They are arranged based on their atomic numbers which increase from left to right.
Explanation:The first ten elements of the periodic table are Hydrogen (H), Helium (He), Lithium (Li), Beryllium (Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O), Fluorine (F) and Neon (Ne). These elements are arranged on the periodic table based on their atomic number, which increases from left to right. This list starts from Hydrogen which has the smallest atomic number (1) and goes up to Neon which has an atomic number of 10.
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The first ten elements of the periodic table, in order, are Hydrogen, Helium, Lithium, Beryllium, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, and Neon. These are arranged by atomic number, which corresponds to the number of protons in their nucleus.
Explanation:The first ten elements of the periodic table, arranged by atomic number, are:
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
The atomic number of an element corresponds to the number of protons in its nucleus. For instance, lithium, the third element on the periodic table, has three protons in its nucleus. The number of protons in an element's nucleus is also equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom of that element. Elements on the periodic table are arranged sequentially from hydrogen, with an atomic number of 1, to the elements with higher atomic numbers.
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The atomic number of f and the atomic number of na equals the atomic number of this element-what is its name?
Atoms of different element can not have same atomic number because only same type of atoms combine to form element. The name of element with atomic number of 20 is calcium.
What is element?Element generally consist of atoms or we can atoms combine to form element. Atoms of an element is always same, means all the properties of all atoms of one type of element is same. Two or more than two atoms with different physical or chemical properties can not combine together to form an element.
The atomic number of fluorine is 9 and atomic number of sodium is 11. If we add the atomic number of these two then we get 20 which is atomic number of calcium. Calcium belongs to group number 2 of periodic table.
Therefore the name of element with atomic number of 20 is calcium.
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How many neutrons does an element have if its atomic number is 56 and its mass number is 152?
Determination of the acetic acid (ch3cooh) content of vinegar calculate the molarity of the diluted vinegar using data from one sample (assume the density of vinegar is 1.00 g/ml).
Molarity is the number of moles of solute in one liter of the solution. Mathematically, M = n/V. Where Molarity of the solution is M, Number of moles of solute is n, and volume of the solution is V.
Calculate the mass in 1000 mL of the solution. Density of acetic acid is 1.00 g/mL.
Density = 1.00 g/mL. 1.0 mL has mass 1.00 g. 1000.0 mL has mass = (1000.0 mL/ 1.0 mL) * 1.00 g = 1000.0 g. hence, the mass in 1000.0 mL of the solution if 1000.0 g.
Calculate the mass contained of 5.00 % acetic acid as follows: 5.00 % of 1040 g = (5.00 / 100) * 1000.0 g = 50.0 g. Hence, the mass contained of 5.00 % acetic acid is 50.0 g.
Calculate the number of moles of acetic acid. Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass = 50.0 g / 60.0 g/mol = 0.8333 mol. Hence, the number of moles of acetic acid is 0.8333 mol.
Calculate the molarity of the solution, M = n / V = 0.8333 mol / 1.0 L = 0.8333 M
Therefore, the molarity of the solution if 0.8333 M
Write the name and formula for the chemical substance which is produced in most acid-base neutralization reactions
In acid-base neutralization reactions, water (H₂O) and a salt are usually produced. For example, the reaction between HCl and Mg(OH)₂ forms magnesium chloride (MgCl₂), and the reaction between H₂SO₄ and KOH forms potassium sulfate (K₂SO₄).
Explanation:In most acid-base neutralization reactions, the chemical substance produced is water (H2O) and a salt. The general formula for an acid-base neutralization reaction is:
Acid (aq) + Base (aq) → Salt (aq) + Water (l)
An example of a balanced chemical equation for the neutralization reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) would be:
HCl(aq) + Mg(OH)2(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l)
The salt formed in this reaction is magnesium chloride (MgCl2).
For the neutralization of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) with potassium hydroxide (KOH), the balanced chemical equation is:
H2SO4(aq) + 2KOH(aq) → K2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l)
Here, the salt formed is potassium sulfate (K2SO4).
List the sub-atomic particles in the order in which they were discovered and tell who discovered each one.
Why the atomic mass of the copper is not exactly equal to 64
A probe sent to the planet mercury has measured the electronegativities of several elements it has detected on the planet. element 1 2 3 4 5 electronegativity, χ 2.58 1.88 2.10 2.60 3.16 which element would you expect to identify as a metal?
When an atom completely gives up its valence electrons to another atom, they form a bond that is considered to be?
Answer: ions
Explanation:
In chemistry, to be classified as an organic substance, a substance must contain
The Organic substance must contain at least Carbon and Hydrogen.
Organic substance:
These are the compounds in which Carbon is covalently linked to the other elements such as Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, phosphorus, etc.
For example-
Amino acids are made up of C, H,O, N, etc.Carbohydrates are mainly composed of C, H, and O.Lipids or Oil are generally made up of Carbon and Hydrogen only.Therefore, the Organic substance must contain at least Carbon and Hydrogen.
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10. Nitrous oxide (N2O) can be obtained by the thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3). (a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction. (b) In a certain experiment, a student obtains 0.340 L of the gas at 718 mmHg and 24°C. If the gas weighs 0.580 g, calculate the value of the gas constant.
Final answer:
The chemical equation for the decomposition of ammonium nitrate to nitrous oxide and water is NH₄NO₃ (s) → N₂O (g) + 2H₂O (g). By applying the ideal gas law to the experimental conditions provided, we calculated the value of the gas constant (R) to be approximately 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K).
Explanation:
To address the student's question regarding the reaction involving ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) and the production of nitrous oxide (N2O), we first need to write a balanced chemical equation for the thermal decomposition:
NH₄NO₃ (s) → N₂O (g) + 2H₂O (g)
Next, to find the gas constant, we apply the ideal gas law equation PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature.
First, convert pressure from mmHg to atm (1 atm = 760 mmHg) and temperature from Celsius to Kelvin (K = °C + 273.15).
Pressure: 718 mmHg / 760 mmHg/atm = 0.945 atmTemperature: 24°C + 273.15 = 297.15 KTo find the number of moles (n), use the molecular weight of N₂O (44.01 g/mol) and the mass of the gas:
n = 0.580 g / 44.01 g/mol = 0.01318 molNow, substitute the values into the ideal gas law equation and solve for R:
R = (P × V) / (n × T)R = (0.945 atm × 0.340 L) / (0.01318 mol × 297.15 K)R ≈ 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K), which is the commonly accepted value for the gas constantWhat is a double bond?
Question 4 options:
two covalent bonds between adjacent molecules
a total of two covalent bonds in a molecule
two covalent bonds between adjacent atoms in a molecule
a total of two covalent bonds between molecules
The answer is A
Two covalent bonds between adjacent molecules
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Pellets of calcium chloride are spread on a sidewalk covered in water that is 36°C. Under which circumstance will the calcium chloride dissolve faster?
Answer:
In case if the pellets of the calcium chloride gets crushed.
Explanation:
When the pellets of calcium chloride get crushed it enhances the surface area of the compound. With the increase in surface area, the number of collisions in between the molecules of reactants increases. In the given case, the reactant molecules are water molecules and calcium chloride ions. In the procedure of dissolution, the calcium chloride ions get hydrated by the water molecules dipoles. As the frequency of the collision enhances, the activation energy gets lowered in order to begin the reaction.
Explain how you know that hno3 is an acid but nh4no3 is not an acid
Answer:
HNO3 is the monoprotic acid and completely dissociate in water and gives the H+.
Dissociation of Nitric acid in water: HNO3→ H+ + NO3-
In NH4NO3 Ammonium is formed by a weak base and is therefore a relatively stronger acid.
Nitrate is formed from a strong acid and is therefore an extremely weak base.
Therefore the overall Compound is slightly acidic. The salt of a strong acid (HNO3) and a weak
Base (NH3) is acidic.
The chemical equations:
NH4NO3(s) → NH4+ (aq) + NO3-(aq)
NH4+ (aq) <==> NH3 (aq) + H+ (aq)
(The second equation favors products slightly due to the presence of NO3- continuously joining with the H+ ions and then separating again. This is what causes an acidic pH)
Explanation
Arrhenius Acids and Bases
1. An acid is a substance which dissociates in water to produce one or more hydrogen ions (H+).
2. A base is a substance which dissociates in water to produce one or more hydroxide ions (OH-).
Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
1. An acid is a substance from which a proton (H+ ion) can be removed. Essentially, an acid donates protons to bases.
2. A base is a substance to which a proton (H+) can be added. Essentially, a base accepts protons from acids.
Acids that can donate only one proton are monoprotic, and acids that can donate more than one proton are polyprotic
So according to Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry Acid and Base concept HNO3 is the strong monoprotic acid
And NH4NO3 is the salt of Strong acid and weak base so it is slightly acidic in nature.
When in solution, ammonium nitrate will dissociate very well into NH4+ and NO3-. The ammonium ion is a Bronsted-Lowery acid in that it will donate an H+ to solution. In turn, this forms ammonia (NH3). Ammonia being a weak base will accept hydrogen ions from the solution, but not all of them. In conclusion, the solution will form an equilibrium where the pH is slightly acidic due to H+ ions being loose in solution.
HNO₃ is considered an acid because it readily donates H⁺ ions in water, while NH₄NO₃ is not considered an acid because its NH⁺⁴ ions do not significantly contribute to the concentration of H+ ions in solution.
When nitric acid dissolves in water, it dissociates into H⁺ ions and NO⁻³ ions. The presence of H⁺ ions in solution is what characterizes an acid. These H⁺ ions can readily donate protons, making the solution acidic.
When ammonium nitrate dissolves in water, it dissociates into NH⁴⁺ ions and NO⁻³ ions. However, NH⁺⁴ ions do not readily donate protons in an aqueous solution, which means they do not increase the concentration of H⁺ ions. Therefore, NH₄NO₃ does not exhibit acidic behavior.
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The alcohol functional group contains the elements of oxygen hydrogen and carbon.
a. True
b. False
Answer:False
Explanation:
The given statement is false as alcohol functional group has elements only of oxygen and hydrogen.
What are elements?Elements are defined as a substance which cannot be broken down further into any other substance. Each element is made up of its own type of atom. Due to this reason all elements are different from one another.
Elements can be classified as metals and non-metals. Metals are shiny and conduct electricity and are all solids at room temperature except mercury. Non-metals do not conduct electricity and are mostly gases at room temperature except carbon and sulfur.
The number of protons in the nucleus is the defining property of an element and is related to the atomic number.All atoms with same atomic number are atoms of same element.
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How do the names of covalent compounds differ from the names of ionic compounds?
The names of ionic compounds have special endings for the second element or ion while the name of covalent compounds depends on the subscript of each of the elements in the compound.
Ionic compounds are usually made up of a cation and an anion. There is no special ending in the name of the cation but certain suffixes are used for the second element or ion in an ionic compound.
For instance, the second element in most ionic compounds have the ending "-ide". Typical examples are sodium oxide, magnesium nitride and calcium phosphide.
In naming covalent molecules, we need to be sure that the subscripts of the molecules are duly indicated. For instance, N2O5 is dinitrogen pentaoxide.
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how do earthquakes relate to plate tectonics?
The large mass extinction in Earths history occurred at the end of which area?
Which chemical is produced in the highest volume in both the united states and the world?
A brick has it dimensions of 25 cm x 5 cm x 15 cm so what is the volume of the brick in cubic meters
Jesse travels 3.0 meters east and then turns and travels 4.0 meters north. What distance did Jesse travel? 1 m 5 m, northeast 7 m 7 m, northeast
Answer : The correct option is, 7 m
Explanation :
Distance : It is defined as the how much distance is covered by an object during the motion. It is a scalar quantity that means it does not depends on the direction.
Displacement : It is defined as the change in the position of an object. It is a vector quantity that means it has magnitude and as well as direction.
According to the question,
The distance traveled by jesse towards east = 3.0 m
The distance traveled by jesse towards north = 4.0 m
The total distance traveled by jesse = 3.0 m + 4.0 m = 7.0 m
Hence, the distance traveled by jesse is, 7 m
Which best explains why collective bargaining increases the bargaining power of workers?
The answer to this question is It's difficult for employers to replace their entire work force.