If the frequency of the recessive allele for a gene is 0.3, calculate the expected frequency of heterozygotes in the next generation if the population is in hardy-weinberg equilibrium.

Answers

Answer 1
q = recessive allele frequency = 0.3, and thus in H-W equilibrium there are ONLY two alleles, q (recessive) and
p (dominant). Therefore all of the p and q present for this gene in a population must account for 100% of this gene's alleles. And 100% = 1.00.
So p, the dominant allele frequency, must be equal to 1 - q --> p = 1 - q
p = 1 - 0.3 = 0.7.
Since heterozygotes are a combination of the p and q, we must again look at the frequencies of each genotype: p + q = 1, then (p+q)^2 = 1^2
So multiplying out (p+q)(p+q) = 1, we get: p^2+2pq+q^2 = 1 (all genotypes), where p^2 = frequency of homozygous dominant individuals, 2pq = frequency of heterozygous individuals, and q^2 = frequency of homozygous recessive individuals.
Therefore if the population is in H-W equilibrium, then the expected frequency of heterozygous individuals = 2pq = 2(0.7)(0.3)
2pq = 2(0.21) = 0.42, or 42% of the population.
Hope that helps you to understand how to solve population genetics problems!
Answer 2

Answer:

42% or .42

Explanation:


Related Questions

What is thought to be true about the three domains of living things?


A. They diverged from a common ancestor before the evolution of the main groups of eukaryotes.

B. They diverged from a common ancestor fairly recently.

C. They did not have a common ancestor.


D. Domains Bacteria and Archaea evolved after the main groups of eukaryotes.

Answers

The three domains of living things—Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya—are thought to have diverged from a common ancestor before the evolution of the main groups of eukaryotes.

The correct option is 'A'.

It is thought to be true about the three domains of living things that they diverged from a common ancestor before the evolution of the main groups of eukaryotes. This is represented by choice A. The ancestral lineage of all three domains, Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya, points to a divergence from a single common ancestor.

The biochemical similarities between Eukarya and Archaea suggest that eukaryotes share a more recent common ancestor with Archaea, indicating they are more closely related.

However, the organelles found within eukaryotic cells, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, likely originated from bacteria through the process of endosymbiosis.

Moreover, the fossil record, although sparse, along with studies in comparative biology, supports the evolution of the three domains from this shared ancestry.

An electrocardiogram, or ekg, is used to visualize what? electrical activity in the heart heart wall muscle movement heart valves blocked coronary arteries

Answers

The answer is electrical activity of the heart.  It illustrates the heart's electrical activity as line tracings on paper. The spikes and dips in the line tracings are called waves. during hospitalization, a sequence of EKGs are taken to monitor the ongoing changes which are indicative of a heart attack.

An electrocardiogram is used to visualize electrical activity in the heart. To examine the heart's health, an ECG is employed. It primarily captures the heart's rate and rhythm, or how frequently and consistently it beats, hence option A is correct.

An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a quick test that may be performed to examine the electrical activity and rhythm of your heart. The electrical impulses that your heart pumps out each time it beats are picked up by sensors that are affixed to your skin.

It can provide us with crucial information, such as the likelihood of coronary artery narrowing, a heart attack.

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Normal cardiac muscle is similar to normal skeletal muscle in terms of

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There are three types of muscles found in the human body.

Skeletal (muscles that move voluntarily)

Smooth (involuntary muscles in organs)

Cardiac (only found in heart)

Normal cardiac muscle is similar to normal skeletal muscle in terms of pattern.

Both of them are striated muscles and have a banded pattern called Striations caused by the overlapping arrangement of their two contractile proteins which are myosin and actin.

What are nonnutrient compounds found in plant-derived foods that have biological activity in the body? 1. functional foods 2. phytochemicals 3. phytosterols 4. phytoestrogens 5. lycopene?

Answers

I believe the correct answer would be option 2. The nonnutrient compounds that is found in plant-derived foods that have biological activity in the body are the phytochemicals. Although they are nonnutrient they have disease preventive properties. Examples of this substance are isoflavones, flavanoids and lycopene. Phytochemicals are antioxidants wherein it protects cells from any oxidative damage and reducing the risk of having cancer. It also some has hormonal actions like for isoflavones it imitates estrogens and aid in reducing the symptoms for osteoporosis and menopausal for women. Another function of phytochemicals would be its stimulating effect for enzymes. It stimulates enzyme's action so as to have a better and efficient process.

_____ releases energy that is used to pump hydrogen ions from the stroma into the thylakoid compartment.

Answers

THE ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN is responsible for releasing energy that is used to pump hydrogen ion. The energy which is released in form of electrons are passed through the electron transport chain and used to pump protons into the thylakoid compartment of the plant cell.
Final answer:

Photosystem II uses sunlight to release energy, which is then used to extract electrons from water and pump hydrogen ions from the stroma into the thylakoid. These ions move through a protein channel called ATP synthase, a process known as chemiosmosis, resulting in the formation of ATP and the reduction of NADP+ to NADPH.

Explanation:

The energy that is used to pump hydrogen ions from the stroma into the thylakoid compartment is released by Photosystem II (PSII). This happens through an intricate process where the energy from sunlight is used to extract electrons from water, releasing hydrogen ions. These ions then move through a protein channel called ATP synthase in the thylakoid membrane. This process of hydrogen ions moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is known as chemiosmosis.

At the end of this process, ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is formed, which is a crucial molecule that provides energy for many processes in living cells. Furthermore, electrons also travel through the chloroplast electron transport chain to photosystem I (PSI), reducing NADP+ to NADPH. This complex interplay of chemical reactions and energy transformations is crucial for the survival of the plant as it enables the conversion of light energy into chemical energy.

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_______ is often preceded by a "crash" since the growing population eventually is too large for the available resources.



Growth



Stability



Decline



none of the above

Answers

Stability is often preceded by a "crash" since the growing population eventually is too large for the available resources.
Stability refers to population stability. The growth of the population may destabilize the population stability.
The population size may become so large, so there will be no enough resources for species to survive. 

Identify the structures of the aorta in the correct order blood flows through them

Answers

The aorta carries oxygenated blood entering the systemic circulation. The blood from the heart enters the aorta through the aortic valve in the ascending aorta.  With each heartbeat three leaflets on the aortic valve open and close. This allows  one-way flow of blood. Then, the descending thoracic aorta travels down through the chest. Its small branches supply blood to the ribs and some chest structures.Most of the major organs receive blood from branches of the abdominal aorta,which begins at the diaphragm. 

Which of the following is considered a cause of the current mass extinction? A. recycling B. pollution C. renewable resources D. water conservation

Answers

It would have to be deforestation because it destroys so many habitats leaving hundreds of species without a home or food which also forces them to live in environments where they aren't capable of surviving in, I don't feel recycling should be in there hope this helps

the answer is b. pollution

A major role of folate in cellular metabolism is the

Answers

synthesis of purine and pyrimidine bases in RNA and DNA

The major role of folate in cellular metabolism is its participation in 1-carbon metabolism.

Folate plays a critical role in cellular metabolism through its involvement in 1-carbon metabolism, where it facilitates the transfer of 1-carbon units, essential for nucleic acid synthesis and DNA methylation. This refers to the transfer of 1-carbon units from one compound to another. The cofactor form of folate is tetrahydrofolate (THF). The conversion to THF involves the transfer of a methyl group to cobalamin (vitamin B12), creating methyl-cobalamin. This process is crucial for the synthesis of nucleic acids, which is particularly vital during prenatal neurological development.

Insufficient levels of folate can lead to impaired DNA biosynthesis, resulting in developmental defects, especially in the developing brain of an early term fetus. Moreover, folate serves as a 1-carbon donor in the regeneration of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), which is involved in the methylation of DNA. This process can result in epigenetic modifications that may have long-term health implications. Thus, it is important for expectant mothers to have sufficient folate in their diet, particularly during the first trimester of pregnancy, to avoid adverse conditions like obesity and schizophrenia in their offspring.

Folate's distinct role compared to SAM in single-carbon transfer reactions is highlighted by the fact that SAM donates a single carbon in a different oxidation state, being bonded to sulfur. Folate's functional component is the pterin ring system, which is involved in the metabolism of amino acids and nucleotides, demonstrating its fundamental importance in various metabolic pathways.

The area of the frontal lobe that is devoted to the production of fluent speech is ________ area.

Answers

The area of the frontal lobe that is devoted to the production of fluent speech is the Broca's area. It contains neurons that is involved in speech production and language comprehension. It is classified into two parts namely the pars triangularis and the pars opercularis.

Answer:

Forehead

Explanation:

The Gulf Stream affects the climate of _____.
Alaska
California
Great Britain
Africa

Answers

Great britian, because the Gulf Stream helps warm Europe.

Answer: Great Britain

The Gulf Stream is the most important oceanic current system that affects the northern hemisphere of Earth. The two main deriving forces for the generation of Gulf Stream are the southwesterly trade winds and the circulation of water. The Gulf stream exerts an influence on the climatic conditions of the surrounding regions. It keeps the Ireland and the Western coast of Great Britain warmer than the eastern region.

By means of an example,explain how poaching can conteibute to the over utilisation of a species

Answers

An example of this can be the exploitation of ivory. Elephants who provide people with ivory are being poached all the time because there's no way to get ivory other than this, and since the market is insatiable, the elephants are dying out and the poachers are profiting.

1. Describe two types of technology your parent(s) or caregivers use to help care for or support you. How do you benefit from this? Describe how parents can learn about new technology to help with parenting.

Answers

2 types of technology used are child monitors for young kids, and phones to call loved ones or track them if lost. We benefit by staying safe at all times, if a baby is in trouble the monitor picks it up and alerts the caregiver, or parent. The cell phone if you are lost you can call whoever cares for you and have them find you. They can learn about this from articles, commercials, or other parents using it.

Answer:

Technology used by my parent(s) or caregivers  to take care of me are

Phone

CCTV Cameras

Smart machines and equipment

Explanation:

Technology 1

When I was a kid , my parents have kept a care tacker to handle me while they go for working. With the help of technology like phone enabled CCTV cameras, my mother used to keep a watch on me and my care giver.

Technology 2

My parents use fast, instruction based and smart  equipment's in kitchen and for other household so that all work can be done automatically once the instructions are given to them. Thus , My work in kitchen or any other place reduces to hell lot of extent because of technology used by my parents

why are trans fats not considered safe

Answers

The answer to this question is that:

No Trans-fat is not considered safe because all the because its bad fot your body and your (LDL) and when you eat trans fat in increases the chances of you getting high blood pressure so make sure to avoid it and eat healthy

Hope this help, Hollieboobear
Your Welcome :)
i eat trans fat foods all the time and im as skinny as a pickle

The physical structure that is formed where two chromatids cross over is called a(n)

Answers

This is called a chiasma.

Using the above set-up what is the phenotypic ratio of the offspring of this cross? A. 1:1:1:1 B. 3:1 C. 1:2:1 D. 4:0  

Answers

the answer would be c

On what finding should the emt rely regarding the assessment of a pediatric​ patient's circulatory​ status?

Answers

The appropriate response is Skin condition and capillary refill. Capillary refill time is characterized as the time taken for the shading to come back to an outside slender bed after the weight is connected to cause whitening. It can be measured by holding a hand higher than heart-level and squeezing the delicate cushion of a finger or fingernail to the point that it turns white, at that point observing the time required for the shading to return once weight is discharged.

The coordinated, rhythmic, serial contraction of smooth muscle that forces food through the digestive tract is called

Answers

The coordinated, rhythmic, serial contraction of smooth muscle that forces food through the digestive tract is called peristalsis. It is a series of contractions of the muscles that is wave like which moves the food into the different parts of the digestive system. It begins in the esophagus when a food is being swallowed. These are involuntary motion of the circular and longitudinal muscles. It happens in the esophagus, the stomach and the intestines. It is the central nervous system that initiates and controls this process. This motion is not only limited to the digestive tract but can also be found on other systems in the body.

Hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex that help to maintain glucose levels in the blood are called:

Answers

Hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex that help to maintain glucose levels in the blood are called glucocorticoids. It is secreted by the middle region of the adrenal cortex. The principal glucocorticoids is cortisol also called hydro-cortisone. The overall effect of the glucocorticoids is to increase blood glucose levels. This helps to maintain appropriate blood glucose levels between meals. In times of prolonged stress cortisol is secreted in greater than normal amount to help increase glucose level to provide energy to respond to the stress. Cortisol also helps to counteract the inflammatory response. For this purpose, it is used clinically to reduce inflammation in certain allergic reactions, bursitis and arthritis, infections and some types of cancer.   

What is the proper procedure for using hand-held visual distress signal flares?

Answers

Hand held visual distress signal flares is part of a vessel's safety equipment. It is used to summon help during danger and it should only be displayed when immediate or potential danger exist. It is very effective when party that can possibly help are reasonably nearby.

To use hand-held visual distress signal flares safely, follow manufacturer's instructions, prepare by tying back loose hair and clothing, ignite, aim, signal, monitor, extinguish, dispose of flares according to local regulations, and use only in emergencies.

Here’s a step-by-step guide to using them properly:

Read Instructions: Always read the specific instructions provided by the manufacturer on the flare's packaging or instruction manual.

Safety Preparation: Before using the flare, make sure to tie back any loose hair and secure loose clothing to prevent accidental ignition. Ensure you are in a safe, open area away from flammable materials.

Hold the Flare Properly: Hold the flare firmly to avoid dropping it. Typically, you should hold it at the base, away from your body and face.

Ignite the Flare: Follow the manufacturer’s instructions on how to ignite the flare. This usually involves removing a cap or cover and pulling a ring or striking a surface to light the flare. Use caution and do not point the flare at yourself or others during ignition.

Aim and Signal: Once the flare is lit, hold it vertically or slightly angled downward so that the flames do not come back towards your hand. Aim it away from yourself, others, and any flammable materials. Use a visible wave-like motion to ensure the signal is noticed.

Monitoring and Extinguishing: After the flare is lit, continuously monitor it until it burns out. Never leave a lit flare unattended. If you need to extinguish the flare before it burns out, follow the manufacturer's instructions for safe extinguishment.

Dispose Properly: Once the flare has completely burned out and is cool to the touch, dispose of it according to local regulations. Do not leave the remnants of the flare in open or natural areas.

Emergency Use: Only use flares in case of an actual emergency to signal for help. Misuse of flares can be dangerous and is often illegal.

Which of the following is a sterile part of a flower? petal sepal both a and b none of the above

Answers

The answer to this question is both a and b (Sepals and petals). The sterile parts of the flower are Sepals and petals. Sepals are located in the lower part of the flower which protects the flower from drying. When sepals are still closed it is referred to as a bud. Petals are the part of the flower that has a distinctive color and brings out scent.      

What is the part of the gene called where the dna polymerase first binds during transcription?

Answers

The promoter is the part of the gene where the DNA polymerase first binds during transcription.

It is a specific DNA sequence that signals the start of transcription and is key in regulating gene expression.

The part of the gene where the DNA polymerase first binds during transcription is called the promoter. This is a specific DNA sequence that indicates where the transcription of a given gene should begin.

The DNA polymerase recognizes this region and starts the process of transcription, where it reads the DNA sequence of the gene and synthesizes a complementary RNA sequence.

This role of the promoter is critical for the regulation of gene expression.

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The part of a gene where DNA polymerase first binds during transcription is called the "promoter region." It contains essential sequences for RNA polymerase recognition and initiation of transcription.

The part of a gene where DNA polymerase first binds during transcription is called the promoter region. The promoter region is a specific sequence of DNA located upstream (towards the 5' end) of the gene's coding sequence. It contains essential elements and consensus sequences that serve as recognition sites for RNA polymerase, the enzyme responsible for transcription.

When RNA polymerase binds to the promoter, it initiates the transcription process by unwinding the DNA and synthesizing a complementary RNA strand. The promoter plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression, as different genes have different promoter sequences that determine when and how often a gene is transcribed.

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Flowers are collections of reproductive and sterile tissue arranged on a stem tip in a tight array with very short ______

Answers

.............. arranged on a stem tip in a tight array with very short INTERNODES. The stem of a flower is divided into two section, the node and the internode. The node is the point that holds two or more leaves as well as the buds while the internode is the space between two nodes. The internodes in flowers are very short. 

internodes

im 100% sure


PLEASE HELP!!!!!!

Which of the following pairs of planets have the most in common?

Saturn and Uranus

Mercury and Jupiter

Mars and Saturn

Earth and Neptune

Answers

Saturn and Uranus. both r major gas Giants and have rings around them. Uranus's rings aren't as profound as Saturn but they r still there

The phase of mitosis in which the centromeres split and sister chromatids are pulled apart

Answers

That phase of mitosis is anaphase

Typical fatty acids cannot be converted to glucose because ______________.

Answers

Typical fatty acids cannot be converted to glucose because their catabolic pathways produce acetyl-CoA. It is a 2 carbon molecule, that is why it cannot be formed back into glucose. End product of glycolysis is a pyruvate molecule. Then, it is converted into acetyl-CoA by an enzyme. There are no available enzyme to be able to reverse this process and Acetyl CoA cannot participate in gluconeogenesis.
Final answer:

Fatty acids cannot be converted to glucose in humans because the steps involved in their synthesis and breakdown do not efficiently support this process. While they can be used to produce ATP for energy, they are not typically used for glucose synthesis. Only under certain conditions can parts of the fatty acids, such as glycerol, be used for gluconeogenesis.

Explanation:

Typical fatty acids cannot be converted to glucose because of the metabolic pathway steps involved in their synthesis and breakdown. Fatty acids are synthesized from excess carbohydrates and ATP in the liver, resulting from an excess of glucose. These fatty acids are then stored in adipose cells for future energy use. The process of converting these fatty acids back into glucose is not efficient in humans.

While fatty acids can be converted into acetyl CoA and processed through the Krebs cycle to make ATP, the resultant molecules are not used for glucose synthesis but rather for energy. Additionally, glycerol from fatty acids can be used as a source for gluconeogenesis when there is a need for more glucose. However, this is not the primary function of fatty acids or the preferred method of glucose production in the body.

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Information is received by a neuron through the ____ and is transmitted toward other neurons through the ____.​

Answers

Final answer:

A neuron receives information through its dendrites, which then gets passed along the cell body and propagates down the axon. The axon transmits this information towards a target, such as another neuron, muscle tissue, or gland. This flow of information, or electric signals, follows the polarity of the neuron.

Explanation:

Information is received by a neuron through the dendrites and is transmitted toward other neurons through the axon. Dendrites are the thin extensions branching off the neuron, acting as the receivers of the information. Once they collect this information, it's passed along the cell body and propagates along the axon towards the target, which may be another neuron, muscle tissue, or gland.

Axons, often insulated by a lipid-rich substance called myelin, function as the transmitters, sending the signals to other neurons. The actual transmission happens through a gap between nerve cells, known as the synapse, where chemical compounds known as neurotransmitters cross to stimulate the next neuron or target. The flow of these signals and transmissions follows the polarity of the neuron, from dendrites and cell bodies towards the axon.

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describe the accepted theory during redi's time explaining the origin of the flies

Answers

During the time of Fransesco Redi, the 17th century, people believed in spontaneous generation of organisms from non-living thing, or abiogenesis.

The people of that time believed that living things, such as flies, arise from non-living things spontaneously. Fransesco Redi challenged this belief and set up the famous fruit fly experiment to demonstrate that life comes from pre-existing life, and not from non-living things such as meat and fruit.

A structure in a cell used for storage of water food and waste is the

Answers

The answer to this question would be vacuole.
Vacuole is a structure/organelle which has a thin membrane that makes it look like bubbles. Vacuole used to store things then transport it away. By storing the waste, vacuole can prevent it to damage other organelles inside cells.

Which part of the nervous system reacts when the human body is subjected to stress?

Answers

It is the so-called sympathetic nervous system. It is the nervous system's drive to defend the body from threat or danger by motivating immediate action. It is widely known as the "fight or flight" impulse.

There is one more part of the autonomic nervous system: the parasympathetic nervous system.
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