In 1912, chemist Fritz Haber developed a process that combined nitrogen from the air with hydrogen at high temperatures and pressures to make ammonia. Specifically, the process involved combining one molecule of nitrogen gas (N2) with three molecules of hydrogen gas (H2) to get two molecules of ammonia (NH3). If you write this process in a symbol format, it looks like this:
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3

Explain whether this is a chemical or physical change, and why. Does it involve elements, compounds, mixtures, or pure substances? Also describe how many atoms are involved before and after. What do you notice about the number of atoms?

Ions with six d electrons in the outermost d subshell can be found in transition metal elements such as Cr³+(d³), Co²+(d²), Ni²+(d³), Cu²+(d³), and Zn²+(d¹⁰)

The ions with six d electrons in the outermost d subshell are typically found in the transition metal elements.

For example, the ion with six d electrons in the outermost subshell is Cr³+(d³).

Other ions with six d electrons in the outermost subshell include Co²+(d²), Ni²+(d³), Cu²+(d³), and Zn²+(d¹⁰).

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The process of early mineral formation involves their crystallization and settling, reducing their amount in the remaining magma. This changes the magma's composition, making it richer in lighter elements leading to the formation of different minerals.

The crystallization and settling of the earliest formed minerals is a process called fractional crystallization. This affects the composition of the remaining magma significantly. As the early forming minerals, usually heavier ones like olivine and pyroxene, crystallize, they often sink towards the bottom due to their higher density. This reduces the amount of these components in the remaining magma, essentially changing its composition. The leftover magma typically becomes gradually enriched in lighter elements, such as silicon, aluminum, potassium, and sodium, leading to the formation of different minerals such as feldspars and quartz.

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The crystallization and settling of early-formed minerals in magma lead to changes in the composition of the remaining melt, resulting in the formation of different igneous rock types.

The crystallization and settling of early-formed minerals within magma significantly influence the remaining melt's composition in a process known as fractional crystallization. As magma cools, minerals with higher melting points crystallize first, gradually removing them from the molten portion. These early crystallizing minerals, often denser than the remaining magma, tend to settle to the magma chamber's bottom.

This settling process results in the depletion of certain elements and compounds from the melt, making it more evolved or differentiated. The remaining magma continues to cool and may form late-crystallizing minerals with a composition reflecting this evolution. The end result is the formation of igneous rocks with distinct mineral compositions, influenced by the sequential crystallization and settling of minerals.

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Which of the following measurements is equal to 2.3 dL?

23 L

The correct measurement equal to 2.3 dL is 230,000 µL.

To find the equivalent measurement, we need to understand the relationship between different units of volume in the metric system. The prefixes used in the metric system are as follows:

- deci- (d) means one-tenth (1/10)

- centi- (c) means one-hundredth (1/100)

- milli- (m) means one-thousandth (1/1000)

- micro- (µ) means one-millionth (1/1000000)

Now, let's convert 2.3 dL to liters, then to centiliters, milliliters, and micro liters:

1. Since 1 deciliter (dL) is equal to 0.1 liters (L), we have:

[tex]\[ 2.3 \text{ dL} = 2.3 \times 0.1 \text{ L} = 0.23 \text{ L} \][/tex]

2. To convert liters to centiliters (cL), we know that 1 L is equal to 100 cL:

[tex]\[ 0.23 \text{ L} = 0.23 \times 100 \text{ cL} = 230 \text{ cL} \][/tex]

3. To convert liters to milliliters (mL), we know that 1 L is equal to 1000 mL:

[tex]\[ 0.23 \text{ L} = 0.23 \times 1000 \text{ mL} = 230 \text{ mL} \][/tex]

4. To convert liters to micro liters (µL), we know that 1 L is equal to 1,000,000 µL:

[tex]\[ 0.23 \text{ L} = 0.23 \times 1,000,000 \text{ µL} = 230,000 \text{ µL} \][/tex]

Given these conversions, we can now match the equivalent measurement to the options provided:

- 23 L is incorrect because 2.3 dL is equivalent to 0.23 L, not 23 L.

- 2,300 cL is incorrect because 2.3 dL is equivalent to 230 cL, not 2,300 cL.

- 23,000 mL is incorrect because 2.3 dL is equivalent to 230 mL, not 23,000 mL.

- 230,000 µL is correct because 2.3 dL is equivalent to 230,000 µL.

Therefore, the correct answer is 230,000 µL.

0.1409 moles of propane (C3H8) are present in 6.2g of propane.

Atomic mass of propane is 44.1g

6.2g of C3H8 ( 1mol C3H8/44.1g C3H8 )

= 0.1409 mol C3H8.

Hence, option B is the answer.

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The student's measurement is 13.486% less than the true value. The percent error is 13.486%.

Given information:

Measured value = 6.80 [tex]\rm \frac{g}{cm^3}[/tex]

True value = 7.86 [tex]\rm \frac{g}{cm^3}[/tex]

Percent error is a measurement of the discrepancy between an experimental or estimated value and a true or accepted value.

The percent error is calculated using the following formula:

[tex]\rm Percent \ error = |\frac{(measured \ value - true\ value)}{true \ value}| \times 100[/tex]

In this case, the measured value is 6.80 g/cm3 and the true value is 7.86 g/cm3. So, the percent error is:

[tex]\rm Percent \ error = |\frac{(6.80 - 7.86)}{7.86}| \times 100%[/tex]

Percent error = -13.486005089058532 %

The negative sign indicates that the measured value is less than the true value. So, the percent error is 13.486%. The student's measurement is 13.486% less than the true value.

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Final answer:

The percent error in the calculated density of iron compared to the actual value is approximately 13.49%. The correct density of iron is 7.86 g/cm³, which can be converted to 7860 kg/m³ for different unit requirements.

Explanation:

The student is asking how to calculate the percent error in the measured density of iron. The percent error can be found using the formula: percent error = |(experimental value - actual value) / actual value| × 100%.

In this case, the experimental value of density is 6.80 g/cm³ and the actual value from the handbook is 7.86 g/cm³. Plugging these values into the formula gives us: percent error = |(6.80 - 7.86) / 7.86| × 100% ≈ 13.49% (rounded to two decimal places).

To convert the correct density of iron from g/cm³ to kg/m³, multiply the density in g/cm³ by 1000 to convert grams to kilograms and by (100)^3 to convert cm³ to m³, resulting in 7.86 g/cm³ × 1000 kg/g × (100)^3 cm³/m³ = 7860 kg/m³.

Answer:

Fluorine

Explanation:

Answer:

Solid

Explanation:

A solid will retain its shape; the particles are not free to move around.

The green color copper turns when exposed to air is due to a chemical change. This happens because of a reaction between copper and the oxygen in the air, resulting in copper(II) oxide, or patina. The resulting green layer passivates, or protects, the copper from further corrosion.

The tendency of copper to turn green when exposed to air is a chemical change. This color change happens due to a chemical reaction between copper and the oxygen in the air, resulting in the formation of a new compound known as copper(II) oxide, which has a characteristic blue-green color, often referred to as patina. This green layer forms a protective barrier, preventing further corrosion of the underlying copper in a process known as passivation.

For instance, the iconic Statue of Liberty has a characteristic green color because it is made of copper, and the copper has reacted with the elements to form a patina or green covering. This is not merely a physical change, but a chemical reaction between copper and the elements in its surroundings.

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Final answer:

A physical change involves no bonds being broken or formed and the properties of the substances remain the same. Examples of physical changes include dissolving sugar in water and melting ice. A chemical change occurs when one or more substances change into different substances with different properties. Examples of chemical changes include burning wood and rusting of iron.

Explanation:

Physical Change

Physical changes are changes in which no bonds are broken or formed. This means that the same types of compounds or elements that were there at the beginning of the change are there at the end of the change. Because the ending materials are the same as the beginning materials, the properties (such as color, boiling point, etc.) will also be the same. Physical changes involve moving molecules around, but not changing them. Some types of physical changes include:

Chemical Change

Chemical changes occur when one or more substances change into different substances. During a chemical change, new substances are formed with different properties. Chemical changes are often harder to reverse than physical changes. Some examples of chemical changes include:

To calculate the volume of titanium given its mass, you must first convert the mass from pounds to grams. Apply the formula volume=mass/density and then convert the volume from cubic centimeters to cubic inches. The volume of 3.6 lb of titanium rounded off to the nearest hundredth is 22.07 cubic inches.

To calculate the volume of a substance, you need to use the formula:

volume = mass / density

Given the mass of titanium is 3.6 lb and the density is 4.51 g/cm³, you first need to convert the mass from pounds to grams (since the density is given in g/cm³). This can be done using the conversion factor: 1 lb = 453.59 g.

So, 3.6 lb = 3.6 x 453.59 g = 1632.924 g.

Then, apply the volume formula:

Volume = 1632.924 g / 4.51 g/cm³ = 361.847 cm³

Finally, convert the volume in cm³ to in³, using the conversion factor: 1 cm³ = 0.0610 in³.

So, the volume in in³ is: 361.847 cm³ = 361.847 x 0.0610 in³ = 22.0727 in³

Hence, the volume of 3.6 lb of titanium is approximately 22.07 cubic inches.

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Answer:the answer is 2. he noticed that his flashlight stopped working

1. he suspected that the batteries could be dead

3. he replaces the batteries in the flashlight with new batteries

4.his flashlight works again. he writes a note to himself to buy extra batteries

Explanation:

The correct order of steps followed by Jason with respect to the scientific method would be 2, 1, 3, and 4.

The scientific method is a rational order to steps through which phenomena are understood. The steps are;

Thus, in the case of Jason:

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Final answer:

Nitric acid and lithium hydroxide are classified as strong electrolytes, meaning they fully dissociate into ions in solution. Hydrofluoric acid and ammonia are weak electrolytes, partially dissociating into ions. Ethanol and glucose are nonelectrolytes, dissolving without forming ions.

Explanation:

When classifying solutes as strong electrolytes, weak electrolytes, or nonelectrolytes, we examine how they dissociate in water. A strong electrolyte dissociates completely into ions, a weak electrolyte only partially dissociates, and a nonelectrolyte does not dissociate at all in solution.

Answer:

The mass of the rubbing alcohol is 14.77 g

Explanation:

The formula to be used here is that of density which is shown below

Density = Mass ÷ volume

The density of the rubbing alcohol (also known as isopropyl alcohol) is given in the question as 0.79 g/ml while the volume of same is given as 18.7ml. The mass of this rubbing alcohol is the unknown (which we can derive from the formula given earlier).

Hence,

Mass = Density × volume

Mass = 0.79 × 18.7

Mass = 14.77 g