​in order to demonstrate the extent to which classical conditioning can be a factor in the development of a serious phobia, john watson and rosalie rayner conducted a study where ______. as. ​a young adult male was taught to fear cashiers in the supermarket
b. ​an adolescent girl was conditioned to fear her school teachers
c. ​a young boy was taught to fear a white rat
d. ​a middle-aged woman was conditioned to fear santa claus

Answers

Answer 1
(c.) a young boy was taught to fear a white rat.

Little albert was subject in John Watson's experiment to prove classical conditioning principles, especially the generalization of fear. Rosalie Rayner was graduate student of Watson and co-researcher for the famous Little Albert demonstration of classically conditioned emotion in which baby was taught to fear a white rat.




Related Questions

If an animal suddenly appears on the road in front of us, experts advise swerving to avoid hitting the animal.?

Answers

It depends on what speed you are driving. If you are coming upon a sign like deer crossing you should have slowed down significantly and be able to stop. In other cases it is not recommended that you swerve to avoid the animal.
Final answer:

While our instinctual 'fight or flight' response may urge us to swerve when an animal unexpectedly appears on the road, experts generally advise braking firmly and safely, only changing direction if it can be done safely. The specific response can depend on factors like the size of the animal and traffic conditions.

Explanation:

The question addresses the optimal response when an animal suddenly appears on the road. Contrary to the assumption within the question, experts generally advise not to swerve suddenly, as this could cause you to lose control of your vehicle and lead to a more dangerous accident. Instead, the recommended actions typically include braking firmly and safely, and only changing lanes or direction if it can be done so safely. It's crucial to avoid sudden, unpredictable moves that could cause a more serious accident.

In situations like this, our bodies instinctively react with a fight or flight response, which is primarily mediated by the sympathetic nervous system. This involves physiological changes like increased heart rate and adrenaline release, preparing us for a prompt reaction. However, in a modern context like driving, swerving to avoid an animal can create risks greater than hitting the animal. It's important to know how to manage this instinctual response effectively to ensure the safest possible outcome in the given circumstances.

It's also worth mentioning that the specific approach can vary depending on factors like the size of the animal, traffic conditions, and weather. For instance, the decision might be different for a larger animal, like a deer or moose, which could pose a significant risk to car occupants if struck directly.

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Please, don't be lanie carmichael. a tall blonde in a miniskirt bumped her and headed his way. thank god brad is a true friend, kyle thought.

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where is this from lol

Jenny has a job, a cat named jake, and 31 candles on her birthday cake. she is worried about finding the "right man." she frequently spends nights alone and knows she is not getting any younger. according to erik erikson, jenny is in the stage of development called intimacy vs. _____.]]

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It is called intimacy vs. isolation. As we enter youthful adulthood in our mid 20s, we likewise enter Erikson's stage known as closeness versus disconnection. Amid this stage, youthful grown-ups confront the test of shaping cozy associations with others. They create hint fellowships and associations.

Is clapping interference in speech public speaking?

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No clapping is usually applause for public speaking but if someone is purposely clapping DURING a public speaking to be rude than yes its a interference but for the question, the answer is no because clapping is used as a sign of agreement/applause.

Clapping during a public speech can be an interference if it occurs at inappropriate times. Speakers need to signal clearly when their speech is concluded to ensure audience clapping does not disrupt their message.

Clapping during a public speech can be considered an interference depending on the context and timing.

Interruptions: If the audience claps during the speech, it can disrupt the speaker's flow and make it harder for them to convey their message effectively.End of Speech: Clapping is expected at the end of a speech. The speaker needs to make it clear that they have finished their presentation so the audience feels confident in applauding.Speech Structure: Interruptions, such as clapping, can detract from the tight and concise structure of a speech that public speaking often requires.

When two people are perceived as a couple, they have entered the initiation stage?

Answers

The statement that a couple has entered the initiation stage when they are perceived as a unit is false. The initiation stage is the beginning of communication, while it is during the integrating and bonding stages that a couple's relationship becomes publicly recognized and they present themselves as a unit.

True or false: When two people are perceived as a couple, they have entered the initiation stage? The statement is False.

The initiation stage is in fact the very first stage when two individuals express interest in each other and initiate communication. It is marked by small talk and exchanging pleasantries as they get to know one another. As a couple's relationship develops through various stages, they eventually reach the integrating stage where their identities begin to merge and others may start to perceive them as a unit. This stage is defined by the couple presenting themselves as a unit, such as by having integrated social networks or engaging in joint activities like sending holiday cards together. After the integrating stage comes the bonding stage, where the couple makes a public declaration of their commitment, which could be in the form of an engagement, marriage, or a public announcement that signifies their union.

Couples experience a developmental trajectory that includes not only integrating and bonding but also subsequent stages possibly leading to cohabitation or marriage, with each stage marked by deeper levels of commitment and interdependence.

Complete Queston:

When two people are perceived as a couple, they have entered the initiation stage?

True or False

What is the result of successful communication between rhizobia and their plant hosts?

Answers

The result of successful communication between Rhizobia and their plant hosts is a symbiotic relationship. The rhizobia creates specialized structures called nodules. In these structures the bacteria converts nitrogen into ammonia, through a process called nitrogen fixation. The plant host then uses the ammonia as a nitrogen source.

Piaget believe that the ___ fit entirely in a single stage of cognitive development called the ____ stage

Answers

The first answer is preschool years and the second one is preoperational

Answer: Piaget believed that the ___preschool years___ fit entirely in a single stage of cognitive development called the _pre-operational___ stage

Explanation: Piaget developed the theory of cognitive development which is a comprehensive theory about the nature and development of human intelligence. The preschool years is usually one with children aged from two to seven. This level is encompassed by what he termed the pre-operational stage of cognitive development, a stage characterized by increased play and pretense. A stage the child is able to form stable concepts as well as magical beliefs. The child, however, is still not able to perform operations, which are tasks that the child can do mentally, rather than physically. Thinking in this stage is still egocentric, meaning the child has difficulty seeing the viewpoint of others. wherein the child learns to begin speech. Here, they do not understand concrete logic, cannot mentally manipulate information and have troubles seeing things from others' view points.

If you cannot remember the events that led up to your motorcycle accident that injured your brain, then you are suffering from ____________ amnesia.

Answers

The answer to this question is Retrogade amnesia
Retrogade amnesia referst to the type of memory loss which make  you unable to remember a memory that happen not long before the injury.
This type of amnesia usually happen because of a certain impact that shaken your neural system but does not necessarily make you lose the ability to form new memories

If you can't recall the events leading up to your motorcycle accident, you have retrograde amnesia, characterized by memory loss of events prior to the trauma. In contrast, anterograde amnesia is the inability to remember new information post trauma.

If you cannot remember the events that led up to your motorcycle accident that injured your brain, then you are suffering from retrograde amnesia. Retrograde amnesia involves a loss of memory for events that occurred prior to the trauma. This contrasts with anterograde amnesia, where individuals are unable to remember new information after the trauma but can recall events that happened before the injury. Retrograde amnesia may affect a person's ability to recollect episodic memories, which are memories of personal experiences and events. For example, Kent Cochrane, a patient who suffered from both anterograde amnesia and temporally graded retrograde amnesia, could not recall personal experiences or new semantic information following his accident. Nonetheless, patients with retrograde amnesia may still be able to recall well-consolidated facts learned prior to the brain injury.

Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. why are uniforms so popular in the united states? how is your interest in the topic aroused?

Answers

A uniform is an indication of respect. A respect earned the clothes you attained or worked for. Americans tend to have a strong sense of workmanship which they feel can be perceived directly by how their attire appears.

Answer: by appealing to Americans pride and why uniforms are popular

Explanation:

In "the strength of weak ties," what are the implications of mark granovetter's findings?

Answers

the finding is  thatits not the people you know well (strong tiwhowhoe will help you get a job, but the people you just sort of know (weak ties).
So, if you want to be accepted within the job market, rather than hoping that other people will help you out, you should focus on improving yourself and giving value to other people around you.

What are the four basic design principles that make a résumé stand out from most others?

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The four basic design principles are contrast, repetition, alignment, and proximity. Contrast refers to visual differentiation, which allows the brain to notice the résumé items that are intended to be featured. Repetition, the reuse of certain elements, creates a résumé that demonstrates consistency in an individual’s background and history. Alignment refers to the invisible lines that organize the résumé. Proximity refers to the closeness of the lines and objects on the résumé, especially with the groupings of different categories on the résumé.

The successful functioing of children who have experienced the surgical removal of an entire cerebral hemisphere best illustrates the value of

Answers

The answer is Plasticity.

Las ____ de nayeli son ____. primas; altas hermanas; trabajadoras hijas; simpáticas sobrinas; guapas

Answers

One could say that "Los primas o altas hermanaso sobrinos de nayali son guapas" which means the cousins, brothers or sisters or nephews are good looking (of the person "Nayali). At least that is what my Spanish translation tells me. 

What are some things that people can do to prepare for parenthood?

Answers

1.be financially stable
2.get bottles
3.buy pacifiers,shoes,food etc

Answer:

For one make sure you have a stable home for the baby to live and be safe in.

1. Food babies need a lot of milk when they are first born

2.Diapers babies go through a loooot of diapers so make sure u have that on hand

3.Clothes

4. The baby needs love even though this may not seem important it is very vital. Babies can sense when they are not wanted

Explanation:

Following the agreement was reached in the Treaty of Indian Springs in 1825, Chief William McIntosh lost his life. Why did this happen? A) The was betrayed by rival American Indian who wanted the land he had received. B) Creek leaders executed McIntosh because he made the agreement without their consent. C) McIntosh died of Yellow Fever as a result of being forced to march on the Trail of Tears to Oklahoma. D) The U.S. Government captured and executed him for violating the treaty just weeks after it was signed.

Answers

Creek leaders executed McIntosh because he made the agreement without their consent.

The agreement was reached in the Treaty of Indian Springs in 1825, Chief William lost his life it was happen because Creek leaders executed  because he made the agreement without their consent Option(b) is correct.

What is Treaty of Indian Springs?

The Treaty of Indian Springs, otherwise called the Second Treaty of Indian Springs and the Treaty with the is a treaty finished up between the  and the US on February 12, 1825 at what is currently the Indian Springs Lodging Historical center.

The treaty that was concurred was with six heads of the Lower River, drove by William consented to surrender all Muscogee lands east of the Waterway, including the Public Landmark, to Georgia and Alabama, and acknowledged migration west of the Mississippi Stream to a comparable bundle of land along the Arkansas Waterway.

The treaty was well known with Georgians, who reappointed George Troup lead representative in the state's most memorable famous political decision in 1825. It was endorsed by just six bosses; the Stream Public Gathering it, requesting the execution of  and the other  signatories, as it was a capital wrongdoing to estrange ancestral land.

On April 29, the Upper Spring boss took 200 champions to go after  at his ranch ( Hold) on the Stream in present-day District, Georgia. They killed him and two different , and put a match to the house.

Therefore Option(b) is correct.

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what domus likely mean?

Answers

Domus probably means home in Latin.It is found in many Roman territories, and Rome spoke Latin. 

Evie knows the capital cities of every state. what type of memory is this?

Answers

The answer is semantic memory
Semantic memory is a form of memory that allow someone to process concept or ideas that is not based on personal experience.
This make us able to store information to our memory from external sources, such as reading, or being told by other people.

Why so hard to fool humans with cgi face?

Answers

When the CGI of humans is highly stylized (Like in most Pixar movies, Frozen), they look pretty good. But when you try and make a realistic looking person, your mind tends to exaggerate the subtle movements and picks up on all the little things that feel "off" about it.

What is the feature of shinto focusing on its relation to communities?

Answers

Shinto focuses on the sacredness of the certain water source in each local community. Shinto encompasses local community practices and seasonal worship promoting agriculture in the community. The community also has a community shrine in which these practices are performed.

Final answer:

Shintoism uniquely integrates with Japanese communities through shared spiritual practices that worship the local kami, flexible ceremonial participation, and annual festivals like matsuri, fostering strong communal bonds.

Explanation:

Shinto and Community Relations

Shintoism, a major ethnic religion in Japan, is innately connected to community life. The feature of Shinto that focuses on its relation to communities is its rootedness in local traditions and communal practices. At the heart of Shinto are the worship of kami, the spirits of places, things, and processes, which tie the people to their environment and community. Over time, the Japanese have constructed shrine houses dedicated to these kami, each containing various symbols and spaces for religious and communal activities.

Unlike many religions, Shinto does not have obligatory weekly ceremonies. Instead, rituals and the timing of shrine visits are flexible, tailored to individual and communal needs. Community participation is emphasized through traditional annual customs, rites, and festivals (matsuri), which are deeply integrated into the social fabric of the community. Moreover, Shinto theology celebrates the innate goodness and purity of human souls, fostering a sense of national pride and unity, which in turn, reinforces community cohesion.

Shinto architectural traditions, such as the ritual of periodically rebuilding sacred structures like the Naikū shrine, speak to the religion's emphasis on impermanence and renewal. This practice also demonstrates a connection between political authority and religious piety within the community. Lastly, Shinto religious expressions, categorized in various forms such as Shrine Shinto, highlight the inseparable bond between local communities and their specific religious practices.

Should schools ban chocolate and junk food from schools, so as to ensure that young children are more likely to have a healthy diet?

Answers

No. But, I do think that cutting down access to junk food to once or twice a week may be a good idea.

What trends are apparent regarding age, gender, and ethnicity in the workplace?

Answers

Age: the average of the US worker is expanding because of enhanced social insurance and higher legitimate limits for mandatory retirement. 
Gender: as more women enter the workforce numerous associations are looked with the "glass-ceiling;"that shields females from progressing to top administration positions. 
Ethnicity: Hispanics and African Americans are by and large underrepresented in official places of most associations; their salary additionally has a tendency to be low.

Which best describes the successes and challenges of modern-day Mexico?

A) It has experienced economic growth and a growing middle class, but poverty continues to linger and government corruption remains.
B) It has eradicated government corruption and poverty, but economic growth has been stagnant and the middle class remains small.
C) It has expanded the economy and increased global trade, but the middle class remains small and an individual’s rights have diminished.
D) It has dealt with high level government corruption and drug cartel violence, but an individual’s rights and the middle class have decreased

Answers

A) It has experienced economic growth and a growing middle class, but poverty continues to linger and government corruption remains.

Answer:

The answer is A. Mexico has experienced economic growth and a growing middle class, but poverty continues to linger and government corruption remains.

Explanation:

Mexico has experienced economic growth in the past decades, mainly due to the entrance of foreign investment and foreign firms, that have helped create new jobs and as a result, there has also been a growing middle class. Nonetheless, even though the economy has grown, the distribution of resources has not been equal among the population, so extreme poverty continues to linger at very high rates in all of the country. Government corruption remains as one of the most harming social problems since it affects the correct distribution of public resources and it induces mistrust from the population to the government.

The united states government enacted the national school lunch act of 1946 in response to concerns about malnourishment in​ ________.

Answers

the answer to this question is military recruits
during that period, united states live under constant fear from going to war with Russia.  This happen not long after the world-war II ended. To anticipate potential recruits in the future, united states goverment decided to monitor nutritional consistency of the younger generation

When the powers of government are exercised by a single person or small group?

Answers

Monarchy or Tyranny. for some reason my answer has to be more than 20 characters.

In the context of learning, operant conditioning is directly associated with:

Answers

The use of positive or negative reinforcement by the teacher based on ones actions. This reinforces the neural connections made when learning, thus creating more robust memory

Sexual dimorphism:
a. tends to be lower than in groups where males disperse and compete with unrelated males.
b. determines male and female social hierarchy.
c. is the study of sexual intercourse between primates.
d. relates to sexual courtship rituals in primates.

Answers

The answer is  a. tends to be lower than in groups where males disperse and compete with unrelated males.
Sexual dimorphism refers the difference size of sexual organ between two or more organism. For human in general, the males tend to be more conscious about the size of the sexual organ compared to the females, which lead to unnecessary insecurity and depression.
Sexual dimorphism tends to be lower than in groups where males disperse and compete with unrelated males. Often this has to do with direct completion. Those on regular direct contact have more social opportunities to attract a mate and displays are less necessary.

The practice of counting slaves as fractional "persons" for representation in the house of representatives is known as the _____ compromise.

Answers

This was the three-fifths compromise. It was a way for the southern states to remain on-board during the Constitutional Convention of 1787. By counting slaves for apportionment purposes, the southern states, with their much higher proportion of African persons, were able to keep a level of representation similar to that of the northern states.

For almost every situation, the best listening response is

Answers

For almost every situation, the best listening response is paraphrasing. Paraphrasing refers to restatement of a text or speech. In every situation you can  express the meaning of the speech the other said using different words. 
You can use different words to express the same idea or meaning.

Female children are more likely to act like tomboys if they were exposed to excess ________ during their prenatal development.

Answers

Female children are most likely to act like tomboys if they were exposed to excess
________ during their prenatal development.

Answer: testosterone

According to jung, the notion that accounts for the masculine dimension of a woman's personality is the

Answers

anima and animus. The anima and animus represents part of our unconscious mind that are non-linear to our gender and represent male and female, respectively. So for further clarification, the anima is the unconscious of a male and it finds its expression as a feminine inner personality as both genders have a mix of both qualities, whether they like it or not. Therefore, animus represents the female unconscious that finds its expression as a masculine inner personality.
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According to your text, starting college can be a particularly opportune time to grow and develop because Sleep researcher william dement said that a large sleep debt "makes you stupid" (1999, p. 231). what are some of the ways sleep deprivation can affect cognitive performance? Name the property 3x6x8=8x6x3Associative or communitive Wireless ____ scrambles the data transmitted between wireless devices and then unscrambles the data only on devices that have a valid key The ostwald process is used commercially to produce nitric acid, which is, in turn, used in many modern chemical processes. in the first step of the ostwald process, ammonia is reacted with oxygen gas to produce nitric oxide and water. what is the maximum mass of h2o that can be produced by combining 51.3 g of each reactant? Which statements are true? Hurricanes can be caused by physical processes in the hydrosphere.Most of the earth's freshwater can be found in the air and streams.Most plants and animals need freshwater to survive.Ocean currents move warm water from the equator to the poles.The water cycle is powered by the sun.( you may select more than one) Please help!!! Thank you so much and I will be forever grateful! :) What is the white solid that forms when methyl salicylate is added to sodium hydroxide? At which of the following temperatures is the chance of molecules aligning just right for a chemical change the highest? 50 F 40 F 30 F 20 F A bag contains 90 marbles some red and some transparent the ratio of red marbles to transparent ones is 1:4. how many red marbles are there? andwer suppose someone tells you that she has a triangle with sides having lengths 2.6,8.1 and 8.6. Is this a right triangle? why or why not? Is there an angle in the triangle larger than 90 degree? You purchased a shirt on sale for $17.55. The discount on the shirt was $5.85. What was the original price of the shirt?Which equation best models the scenario above?x + 5.85 = 17.55x - 5.85 = 17.55x + 17.55 = 5.85x - 17.55 = 5.85 how did the feelings of the people in the Russia in 1917 help the February revolution to succeed Michael earns a base salary of $100.00 every week with an additional 9% commission on everything he sells. If Michael sold $4950.00 worth of items last week, what was his total pay? I can not figure out how to end this.help? Solve the system by substitution, show all steps.-x-y-z=-8 -4+4y+5z=7 2x+2z=4 Is the point (7,1) a solution to the inequality y < 0.5x + 9 ?Question 1 options:TrueFalse There are 5 slots, each containing the letters w, r, l, d or o. one letter is picked at random from each slot. what are the odds that the letters stored in these slots read the word world? Charlie's father is 41 years old. His age is two years more than three times Charlie's age. What is Charlie's age? Kevin earns $15 per hour for working 8 hours then he earns $18 per hour for working overtime for 4 hours a day what is the average time he works Lard, butter, and cream are rich sources of ________. saturated fatty acids monounsaturated fatty acids polyunsaturated fatty acids trans fatty acids Steam Workshop Downloader