Indus valley civilization definition

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Answer 1
The Indus Valley Civilization is a Bronze Age civilization that encompassed the area of modern-day Pakistan, as well as parts of southeastern Afghanistan, eastern Iran, and northwestern India. Its mature period is known as the Harappan Civilization, existing from 2600 BC to 1900 BC.
Answer 2
Final answer:

The Indus Valley Civilization was an advanced Bronze Age culture in South Asia, known for its urban planning, agriculture, and minimal evidence of centralized monarchy. It flourished from 3300 to 1300 BCE and influenced later civilizations in the region.

Explanation:Indus Valley Civilization

The Indus Valley Civilization, also known as the Harappan Civilization, was a Bronze Age civilization that flourished in the northwestern regions of South Asia from 3300 to 1300 BCE, with its mature period dating from 2600 to 1900 BCE. It extended over what are now parts of Pakistan and India, and was notable for its highly urbanized centers like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. This civilization had a complex society with advanced urban planning, drainage systems, and distinctive bricks, alongside a rich spiritual life. Artisans crafted jewelry and fabrics, and they also had a unique system of weights and measures for construction and trade.

The people of the Indus Valley relied heavily on agriculture, cultivating crops such as peas, dates, cotton, wheat, barley, and millet, and they utilized draft animals like the water buffalo. Despite being highly technologically advanced for its time, there is little evidence of political power concentrated in the hands of monarchs. Instead, a common culture was defined by civic structures and religious practices.

By the early second millennium BCE, the once thriving urban centers of the Indus Valley experienced decline, possibly due to environmental changes such as deforestation and soil degradation. Following this period, the region was influenced by the arrival of the Aryans and saw the development of Vedic religion, which ultimately evolved into Hinduism. The legacy of the Indus Valley Civilization had a lasting impact on subsequent civilizations in South Asia.


Related Questions

In what ways did the church gain economic power during the Middle Ages

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During the period of the Middle Ages the Church was very important to believers and as such it played a vital role in their everyday life. Due to the strong beliefs in the teachings of the church, people freely donated to the cause. The teaching of paying tides, that is giving ten percent of one's income is one factor that contributed to its wealth. Another is the fact that the church did not have to pay taxes.

When the romans took controll over the jews, why did they allow the jews to practice their religion?

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they did not allow them to practice their religion but they risked their life's to practice 

What role did the Bible play in Protestant faiths? In the Roman Catholic faith?

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Protestants believed that the Bible was the only source of truth and that everyone could interpret the Bible for him- or herself. Catholics believed that both the Bible and church traditions were sources of truth and that priests were needed to interpret the Bible for believers.

Final answer:

Protestant faiths and the Roman Catholic faith differed in their viewpoints on the role of the Bible, with Protestants emphasizing sole reliance on scripture for doctrine and salvation through faith alone, while Catholics leaned towards a combination of good deeds, sacraments, and church traditions for salvation.

Explanation:

The Bible played a central role in both Protestant faiths and the Roman Catholic faith, but with distinct differences. Protestant faiths, influenced by figures like Martin Luther, emphasized sole reliance on the Bible for doctrine and the idea of salvation through faith alone. In contrast, the Roman Catholic faith traditionally focused on a combination of good deeds, sacraments, and church traditions as pathways to salvation.

Compare the regional differences among native americans before the arrival of europeans. apush

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Their culture was built around the environment in which it was built, meaning that they based their beliefs on the environment that they lived in. They didn't mix much with other tribes because of vast areas of land between them so their cultures developed independently and based on their environment.

"The regional differences among Native Americans before the arrival of Europeans were significant and can be categorized into three major cultural areas: the Eastern Woodlands, the Great Plains, and the Southwest.

1. Eastern Woodlands: This region, which spanned from the Atlantic coast to the Mississippi River and from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico, was home to tribes such as the Iroquois, Algonquin, and Cherokee. The people living in this area were primarily sedentary and relied on agriculture, hunting, and fishing. They cultivated crops like corn (maize), beans, and squash, which were known as the  Three Sisters.  The Eastern Woodlands tribes also developed complex societies with sophisticated political organizations, such as the Iroquois Confederacy.

2. Great Plains: The Great Plains, located between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains, were inhabited by nomadic tribes such as the Sioux, Cheyenne, and Comanche. These groups were heavily reliant on the buffalo (bison) for their way of life, using it for food, clothing, shelter, and tools. The introduction of the horse by Europeans greatly influenced the Plains Indians' culture, allowing for more efficient hunting and mobility.

3. Southwest: The Southwest region, which includes parts of present-day Arizona, New Mexico, and Colorado, was the home of the Pueblo peoples, such as the Hopi and Zuni, as well as the Navajo and Apache. These groups were known for their unique architectural achievements, including the construction of cliff dwellings and adobe pueblos. They practiced irrigation agriculture, growing corn, beans, and squash, and developed complex religious and social systems.

In summary, the regional differences among Native Americans before European contact were shaped by the environment and resources available in each area. These differences were evident in their subsistence strategies, housing, social structures, and cultural practices. Understanding these regional variations is crucial for appreciating the diversity of Native American cultures in North America prior to the arrival of Europeans."

The united states signed a treaty with which european country to gain the oregon country

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It wa signed between the US and Britain. The British gained land in the 49th parallel including the Vancouver Island and the United States received land in the South of the parallel  

In much of the nineteenth century, women in texas were legally prohibited from:

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Answer: In much of the nin.eteenth century, women in texas were legally prohibited from serving on juries

Explanation:

Hi, Until 1954 juries were composed only by white men.  During the nineteenth century women were allowed to vote but not to serve on jury. They were excluded from the service, along with black people.

During the 1950s, a campaign got under way to amend the state Constitution to allow women to serve on juries. The amendment passed in 1954.

Which of the following led to the creation of the Department of Homeland Security?

Answers

the 2001 terrorist attacks in new york

The 2001 terrorist attacks in New York led to the establishment of theDepartment of Homeland Security.

Further Explanations:

On 11th September New York faced series of 4 terrorist attacks by an Islamic group Al Qaeda. It was estimated that around 2906 citizens were killed and the 25,000 citizens got injured. Many citizens even got infected due to the blast. The incident took place as four airplanes hijacked by the terrorist were clashed in the northern and southern towers. Within an hour the 110 story building “Trade Center” collapsed and its collapse led to the collapse of other nearby buildings.  

To avoid further terrorist attacks the United States established the Department of Homeland securities for the nation’s security against such terrorism. It was established in November 2002 and is the youngest United States Department with 240,000 employees. It is also the largest cabinet department after the Veteran and Defense Affairs department.  

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the differences in the economic development of the mid-Atlantic, New England, and southern colonies can best be attributed to the?https://brainly.com/question/10776092 what was the main reason joseph Stalin created collective farms? soviet farms were old-fashioned and inefficient. collective farms would create many new jobs. farmland could be turned into industrial land. wasteful crop surpluses would be eliminated?https://brainly.com/question/381562 during the French and Indian War, France and Great Britain fought for control of North American territory. what impact did the end of the war have on the American colonies?https://brainly.com/question/276775

Answer Details:

Grade: High school

Subject: US History

Chapter: Department of Homeland securities

Keywords: Department of Homeland Securities, New York, Islamic, Al Qaeda, northern, southern, nation’s security, terrorism, Veteran, Defense Affairs department.  

In 1939, the “Monster study” consisted of psychologists telling orphans who did not have a speech impediment that they had major speech deficiencies. true or false

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The answer you are looking for is true

The correct answer is True

How did the institution of slavery influence european and african life in the colonies?

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Institutionally, imperialism regularly brought about the centralization of energy. At the point when settlements wound up noticeably autonomous they regularly either had establishments that had a tendency to unify control passed on from frontier run, or social and financial structures that unified power in a little first class that tended to oppose development toward democratization.

Socially, previous provincial states had subjective fringes that made it hard to make a bound together and lucid society. Intensifying the ethnic divisions created by subjective outskirts was the way that amid frontier period, the gap and overcome strategy was regularly utilized. This made an atmosphere of doubt between ethnic gatherings that showed itself in ethnic clash in the autonomous states.

A few experts differ that imperialism can be reprimanded for the worldwide south's underdevelopment today. Some battle that Africa was immature before Europeans arrived, so the clarification for the present underdevelopment must be looked for in culture, geology or history that pre-date imperialism. They additionally take note of that a few nations that were never colonized or just quickly colonized likewise encounter underdevelopment today.

Different pundits call attention to that the genuine pilgrim structure was very little in many states and that such a little framework of people couldn't have caused the far reaching changes that are frequently credited to pioneer run the show.

Also, a few commentators point to the way that expansionism bettered the general population in the states in some courses by enhancing future, training and wellbeing rehearses. Further, the way that some previous settlements have made some significant monetary progress likewise indicates the way that imperialism was not determinative of financial results today.

What political, economic, and cultural issues led to the growing rift between the north and south which would ultimately lead to the civil war?

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the south had a bunch of slaves picking cotton and the north didnt like it

Explain why the development of printing is described as a "revolution".

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It allowed for news and word to more easily and widely spread, books were able to increase the knowledge of those who read them, and etc.

Regarding religion how were the Mauryan & the Gupta empires alike?

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Both empires practiced Hinduism.

Hope this helps!

why do you think larger complex communities require larger and more complex governments??

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A large area has large population so it requires a government to keep everything in order and every one under control of it.these politics based on economy where all the products and services are built in obsolescence.This creates great inequality and division among the people as well as serious economic instability.

what do the pilgrims do when they found corn at a deserted native american house

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According to Quizlet (Quizlet is a study program:)), After the Pilgrims found corn in the deserted Native American House, they practically took all of it, so they really stole it all:) Well, corn is good too HEHE!!!! I hope this helps you!!!! Have a great evening!!

Why was Spain interested in North America A period to establish settlements B. To form alliances with the indigenous people C. To spread democratic ideas D. To aid in their war with the French

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A because they wanted more territory so the English wouldn't be able to take it

Answer:

C

Explanation:

The whole point of any part of Europe coming to Spain was to spread  their ideas and have control over the North American continent. They didn't have their best interest a heart.

why did several influential leaders call for a convention of states in 1787?

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Final answer:

Leaders called for a convention of states in 1787 due to the weaknesses of the central government under the Articles of Confederation. They hoped a convention would establish a stronger central government, while preserving state rights. The result was the U.S. Constitution.

Explanation:

Several influential leaders called for a convention of states in 1787 due to the perceived weakness of the central government under the Articles of Confederation. Mainly, they deemed that the Articles provided limited powers for the federal government, such as enforcing law and collecting taxes which led to various issues.

They hoped that a convention would strengthen the central government while maintaining the rights of the states. At the convention, the U.S. Constitution was molded, establishing the laws and principles of the federal government, and a system of checks and balances. The Constitution better balanced the powers between federal and state governments, which many of these leaders sought.

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Why did the short story first become a popular genre during the nineteenth century?

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Rise of periodicals like newspapers and magazines meant that more space was available for publication of short stories.

Final answer:

The short story rose to popularity in the nineteenth century due to advancements in printing technology, the affordability of paper, the serialized publication of stories in magazines, and the demand for brief, engaging literature suited to the rapid changes in society.

Explanation:

The short story first became a popular genre during the nineteenth century due to several factors that transformed the publishing industry and the way people consumed literature. The Industrial Revolution brought about technological advancements that made printing cheaper and more widespread, allowing literature to become more accessible to the general public. The invention of wood pulp paper, mass-market pulp novels, as well as the practice of publishing novels in a serialized format in magazines greatly contributed to this shift, making the short story an ideal form for consumption by the urban masses who experienced rapid changes in their daily lives.

One significant development that helped popularize the short story was the rise of magazines, where short stories were often published. This format complemented the busy lifestyles of nineteenth-century city dwellers by providing a quick and engaging form of entertainment. Furthermore, iconic writers like Edgar Allan Poe and Charles Dickens utilized the short story to explore new ideas and entertain audiences, fostering a culture that embraced and celebrated the concise storytelling of the genre.

Technological improvements in printing, coupled with the increased demand for easily digestible and engaging reading material, gave rise to a booming literary industry. This led to an explosion in the popularity of the short story as a genre, which was ideal for reading during brief moments of leisure. The influence of renowned authors and the proliferation of widely available literary magazines further cemented the short story as a staple of nineteenth-century literary culture.

What was the most important revision made to jefferson's draft of the declaration of independence?

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Answer:

Taking out the slave trade

Explanation:

How did the Supreme Court contribute to the loss of rights held by the Southern blacks?

Answers

They paid for the poor
I agree with that good luck God bless

Even though most of the people in feudal Europe were peasants or serfs who lived and labored on the land, most of the people were also well-nourished because there was plenty of fertile soil for raising crops. True or False

Answers

This is true, I think.

Answer:

True

Explanation:

The peasants in feudal Europe were well-nourished because of the availability of soil to raise crops. There was no competition in the market for production to be increased. In the middle ages, most of the population lived in villages where there was found plenty of land for farming. Most of the land in the Middle Ages belong to there lord of the Manor, where they toiled the land. Farming became dominant in the lives of the people in the middle ages.

The republican party, formed in 1854, initially brought together various existing political parties together over what piece of legislation?

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The answer is "The Kansas-Nebraska Act".

Senator Stephen Douglas was the person who introduced a bill in January 1854. This separated the land situated in the west of Missouri into Kansas and Nebraska. After much deliberation the act was passed on 30 May 1854 by the Congress as The Kansas-Nebraska Act. It allowed the territories to decide if they would allow slavery in their territories or not.

What group was formed in the late 1800s to help the interests of farmers?

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Farmers' Alliance was formed in the late 1800s to help the interests of farmers.

What is farmers?

The term farmer refers to the person was the involved in the agriculture activity. It was the framer are the work in the green land. It was the knowledge of the soil, crops, plantations, and the cultivation. Farmer was the main work to engaged in food and the raw material.

During the period of the 1870s and '80s, was the established the Farmers' Alliance. It was the improved the economic conditions as well as interest in farmers. It was the engaged in the creative activity of cooperatives and political advocacy. It was the based on the three period such as Grange, Alliance and Populist movements.

As a result, the significance of the farmers are the aforementioned.

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What were columbus main concerns in founding a colony on hispaniola?

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Christopher Columbus who was an Italian explorer and colonizer was born in the Republic of Genoa. He had the main concern in founding a colony on Hispaniola that the people or native nations will show a hostile behavior and lack of cooperation will be faced. He was true in his concern to some extent. 

Where were the first shots fired and who shot them?

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the fist shots in what? a war? if so which and if not then what shots are you reffering to??
Are you referring to the shot heard around the world?

What were Ibn al-Haytham's contributions to the Islamic Golden Age?

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Ibn Al-Haytham was a famous muslim scholar whose works spanned many fields. He was a surgeon, doctor, but also a philosopher, mathematician, and astronomer. He was truly a great mind who significantly contributed towards the life we have today.

Ibn al-Haytham, also known as Alhazen, was a pioneering Islamic scholar in optics, whose work on the laws of reflection and refraction greatly influenced the fields of science and contributed to the development of the scientific method, earning him recognition by UNESCO.

Ibn al-Haytham, also known as Alhazen, was an influential Islamic scholar during the Islamic Golden Age. His significant contributions were in the fields of optics, physics, and mathematics. He is most renowned for his pioneering work on the laws of reflection and refraction, a discovery pivotal to the understanding of light and vision. One of his greatest works is the Kitāb al-Manāzir (Book of Optics), which was instrumental in influencing great minds such as Galileo, Johannes Kepler, and Sir Isaac Newton. Ibn al-Haytham's work in optics, particularly the concept of the camera obscura, laid the groundwork for the eventual invention of photography.

Moreover, Ibn al-Haytham is often credited with contributing to the scientific method used today. His emphasis on experimental evidence and repeated validation represents a significant step forward in scientific inquiry. He advocated for the rejection of preconceived notions and trusted only objective evidence, setting a precedent for modern scientific practices. UNESCO honored Ibn al-Haytham in their 2016 International Year of Light event, recognizing him for his exceptional role in the advancement of science.

In addition to optics, Ibn al-Haytham made substantial contributions to other scientific disciplines. His work in astronomy, mechanics, medicine, philosophy, and logical analysis of Aristotle's natural philosophy further demonstrates his broad expertise during a period when Islamic culture and intellectual pursuits were flourishing.

During the 1630s, more than 15,000 puritans came to massachusetts from england . this was known as the great migration. why did they leave?

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One reason was 'religious freedom'.

Michelangelo's vestibule of the laurentian library in florence foreshadows mannerism by ______________.

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Firstly we should discuss what mannerism is. By definition its a style developed within the confines of Europe during the Italian Renaissance (around 1520-1580). Stylistically, mannerism encompasses a variety of approaches influenced by and reacting to the harmonious ideals associated with artists such as the famed Leonardo da Vinci. Michelangelo was praised highly by contemporaries for his 'good judgement' in breaking the 'rules' of ancient architecture. Michelangelo's vestibule was considered revolutionary at the time, as it was certainly different in design than anything prior to it, and with it's odd shape and pleasing aesthetics, it foreshadows mannerism by disregarding the architectural norms of the time, while producing an aesthetically pleasing design which was revolutionary at the time.
Final answer:

Michelangelo's vestibule of the Laurentian Library in Florence foreshadows mannerism by employing elongated forms, precariously balanced poses, and an expressive approach, influencing early Mannerist artists and marking a stylistic transition from the High Renaissance.

Explanation:

Michelangelo's vestibule of the Laurentian Library in Florence foreshadows mannerism by introducing innovative architectural elements and artistic concepts that diverge significantly from the harmonious and balanced compositions characteristic of the High Renaissance. This shift is evident in the use of elongated forms, precariously balanced poses, and a more expressive, dynamic approach to composition and space. Michelangelo's work on the library, particularly the vestibule, demonstrates these tendencies, which became hallmarks of the Mannerist style. The artists of the early Mannerist movement, including Jacopo da Pontormo and Rosso Fiorentino, further developed these themes, emphasizing unusual poses, contrived settings, and dramatic lighting to create a sense of tension and emotional depth. Michelangelo's influence on these artists, and on Mannerism more broadly, is a testament to his pivotal role in this stylistic transition.

In __________, the ussc struck down the “random” selection of jurors from tax books in which the names of white taxpayers were in one section and the names of african american taxpayers were in another.

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Batson vs. Kentucky (1986). This Supreme court decision determined that race alone could not be used to remove a juror from a jury. Since taxpayers were separated by race in the tax books, a prosecutor or defense attorney could remove all members of one race for a jury, which would result in a biased jury for or against the accused.

From the point of view of the british government, how did the american colonies fit into britain’s imperial trading economy

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The American Colonies were an integral, yet increasingly autonomous part of the British Empire and economy. A vast empire, including the colonies plus Canada, parts of the Caribbean, southern Africa, the Middle East, India, and other territories ensured the British freedom of the seas. So a large and productive segment of the British holdings declaring independence would be a jolt on London/

explain how Asa Hilliard III and Joseph Trimble used psychology to solve problems in minority communities.

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They were able to solve problems in minority in the communities by having to interact with these people and having to assess the conditions of which other could be of presence of the problems that they could help with, in helping these communities to solve these problems.

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