It is useful to think of a photon as a packet of

Our Sun and Earth are part of what we call our solar system. There are eight big planets and five small, dwarf planets in the solar system. Each planet orbits the Sun.

The ball will have a speed of 22 m/s after 2 seconds.

When the ball rolls off the edge of a horizontal roof, it becomes a projectile and begins to fall under the influence of gravity. The horizontal component of its velocity remains constant, so after 2 seconds, the ball will still have a horizontal speed of 10 m/s.

However, the vertical component of its velocity will increase due to the acceleration of gravity. The acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.8 m/s². So after 2 seconds, the ball will have accelerated 9.8 m/s² for 2 seconds, resulting in a change in velocity of 19.6 m/s.

To find the speed of the ball after 2 seconds, we need to find the resultant velocity by using the Pythagorean theorem. The initial horizontal velocity is 10 m/s and the change in vertical velocity is 19.6 m/s. So:

Resultant velocity = sqrt((10)^2 + (19.6)^2) = 22 m/s.

Therefore, the correct answer is d. 22 m/s.

Final answer:

The final speed of a ball rolling off a horizontal roof with an initial horizontal speed of 10 m/s after 2 seconds will be 22 m/s, due to the additional vertical velocity it gains from gravity. So the correct option is d.

Explanation:

A ball rolls off the edge of a horizontal roof at 10 m/s. To determine the speed of the ball 2 seconds later, we use the equation for the final velocity of an object in free fall: v = u + at, where v is the final velocity, u is the initial velocity, a is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s²), and t is time. Since the ball rolls off horizontally, the initial vertical velocity is 0, and the horizontal velocity remains the same since there's no air resistance. Hence, the horizontal velocity after 2 seconds is still 10 m/s. For the vertical velocity, we use u=0, a=9.8 m/s², and t=2 s:

Vertical velocity after 2 seconds = 0 m/s + (9.8 m/s² * 2 s) = 19.6 m/s

We now have both horizontal and vertical velocities. The speed of the ball will be the vector sum of these two velocities, calculated using the Pythagorean theorem:

Total speed = sqrt(10 m/s² + 19.6 m/s²) = 22 m/s

Therefore, the correct answer is (d) 22 m/s.

Answer:

C) plasma

A star is a luminous ball of hot plasma held together by its own gravity.

Explanation:

Stars are formed from molecular clouds. When a cloud receives an impact wave from a near supernova or another astronomical event, as a consequence, it will start to collapse under its gravity, until it breaks in small pieces (each of this pieces will become a star).

Stars are submitted to a hydrostatic equilibrium (its gravitational force pulls inward and its nuclear pressure pulls outward), that gave rise to higher pressures and higher temperatures, those temperatures allow atoms being completely ionized¹. Stars are compounded with a gas mixture of atoms, free protons and free electrons (plasma).

¹Ionized: When an atom loses electrons.

By definition, the gravitational force is given by:

[tex] F = G(\frac{m1m2}{r^2}) [/tex]

Where,

G: gravitational constant

m1: mass of object 1

m2: mass of object 2

r: distance between objects:

We know that the force is equal to 10N:

[tex] G(\frac{m1m2}{r^2}) = 10 [/tex]

If the distance is double we have:

[tex] F = G(\frac{m1m2}{(2r)^2}) = G(\frac{m1m2}{4r^2}) = \frac{1}{4}G(\frac{m1m2}{r^2}) [/tex]

[tex] \frac{1}{4}(10) = 2.5 [/tex]

Therefore, the new force is:

2.5 newtons

Answer:

the changed force of attraction between them is:

A. 2.5 newtons

Answer:

[tex]725\ degree=2\ revolution[/tex]                

Explanation:

We know that 1 complete revolution is equal to 360 degrees. We need to find the number of complete revolution needed to draw the angle of 725 degrees.  

Since, 1 revolution = 360 degrees

or

[tex]1\ revolution=2\pi \ radian[/tex]

[tex]1\ degree=\dfrac{1}{360}\ revolution[/tex]

[tex]725\ degree=\dfrac{725}{360}\ revolution[/tex]

[tex]725\ degree=2.01\ revolution[/tex]

or

[tex]725\ degree=2\ revolution[/tex]

So, to draw an angle of 725 degrees, there are 2 revolutions. Hence, this is the required solution.

Answer:  d. congruent sides

Explanation:

The distance formula is a formula in geometry to calculate the length of a line segment having two distinct point on a Cartesian plane

The distance formula to calculate the distance between two distinct points A(a,b) and B(p,q) is given by :-

[tex]\text{d}=\sqrt{(p-a)^2+(q-b)^2}[/tex]

Since it is used to calculate the distance between two points therefore, it is used to check whether a quadrilateral has congruent sides.

Hence, the distance formula can be used to prove a quadrilateral has congruent sides.

Answer:

a. in roentgens per hour  

Explanation:

Exposure rate is the ratio of radiation exposure per unit of time. It is often used to measure radiation fields in the environment of a radioactive facility for exposure prevention and control. Exposure rate is generally expressed as per hour roentgens (R / h) used for X-ray or Gamma in air.

The röntgen or roentgen (R) is a unit of exposure to ionizing radiation. The name was given as a tribute to the German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (or Roentgen) (1845-1923) who discovered X-rays.

If the gas in a sealed container has a pressure of 50 kPa at 300 K, so the pressure if the temperature rises will be 60 kPa.

The physical force applied to an object is referred to as pressure. A perpendicular force is applied to the surfaces of the objects per unit area. The basic formula for pressure is F/A. (Force per unit area). Pressure is measured in Pascals (Pa).

There are several types pressure of them are Atmospheric Pressure, Gauge pressure, Differential Pressure, and Absolute pressure.

According to the question,

PV=nRT

P/T=nR/V

P/T= constant

Therefore,

(P/T)1=(P/T)2

50/100=P2/360

P2=50×(360/300)

P2= 60 kPa.

Hence, the pressure P2 is 60 kPa.

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The basis for dividing the atmosphere into four layers is due to the temperature gradient of the layers.

The layer of gases that covers Earth is known as the atmosphere. The gravitational pull of the planet's neighbor, Earth, keeps it close to the surface.

Here,

The troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere are the principal layers of the atmosphere, listed in order from lowest to highest. The troposphere of the planet is a layer of air that rises from the surface of the planet to an average height of 12 kilometres (7.5 miles), however it is higher in the equator and lower at the poles.

Temperature gradient is the term used to describe a difference in temperature with distance. According to the temperature gradient inside each layer, the Earth's atmosphere is classified into layers, and each layer's heat source defines its own temperature gradient.

Hence,

The basis for dividing the atmosphere into four layers is due to the temperature gradient of the layers.

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The absolute error and % error in the measurement of equivalent resistance are :

Electrical circuits can generally be divided into two types , i.e :

In series circuit, the electric current flowing on each resistor is always the same as the total current.

To find the total resistances you can use the following formula:

[tex]\large {\boxed {R_s = R_1 + R_2 + R_3 + ...} }[/tex]

In parallel circuits, the electrical voltage at each resistor is always the same as the source voltage.

To find the total resistances you can use the following formula:

[tex]\large {\boxed {\frac{1}{R_p} = \frac{1}{R_1} + \frac{1}{R_2} + \frac{1}{R_3} + ...} }[/tex]

Let's tackle the problem now !

Given:

[tex]R_1 = 100 \pm 3 ~ Ohm[/tex]

[tex]R_2 = 200 \pm 4 ~ Ohm[/tex]

Unknown:

Absolute Error = ?

% Error = ?

Solution:

[tex]R_s = R_1 + R_2[/tex]

[tex]R_s = ( 100 \pm 3 ) + ( 200 \pm 4 )[/tex]

[tex]\large {\boxed {R_s = 300 \pm 7 ~ Ohm} }[/tex]

[tex]\frac{1}{R_p} = \frac{1}{R_1} + \frac{1}{R_2}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{1}{R_p} = \frac{R_2}{R_1 ~ R_2} + \frac{R_1}{R_2 ~ R_1}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{1}{R_p} = \frac{R_1 + R_2}{R_1 ~ R_2}[/tex]

[tex]R_p = \frac{R_1 ~ R_2}{R_1 + R_2}[/tex]

[tex]R_p = \frac{100 \times 200}{100 + 200}[/tex]

[tex]R_p = \frac{20000}{300}[/tex]

[tex]R_p = \frac{200}{3} ~ Ohm[/tex]

[tex]R_p \approx 67 ~ Ohm[/tex]

To find the % Error , we will use this following formula :

[tex]\frac{\Delta R_p}{R_p} = \frac{\Delta R_1}{R_1} + \frac{\Delta R_2}{R_2} + \frac{\Delta (R_1 +R_2)}{R_1 + R_2}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{\Delta R_p}{R_p} = \frac{3}{100} + \frac{4}{200} + \frac{7}{300}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{\Delta R_p}{R_p} = \frac{11}{150}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{\Delta R_p}{R_p} = \frac{11}{150} \times 100{\%}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{\Delta R_p}{R_p} \approx 7{\%}[/tex]

[tex]Absolute ~ Error = \Delta R_p[/tex]

[tex]Absolute ~ Error = \frac{11}{150} \times \frac{200}{3}[/tex]

[tex]Absolute ~ Error = \frac{44}{9}[/tex]

[tex]Absolute ~ Error \approx 5 ~ Ohm[/tex]

[tex]\large {\boxed {R_p = 67 \pm 5 ~ Ohm} }[/tex]

Grade: High School

Subject: Physics

Chapter: Current of Electricity

Keywords: Series , Parallel , Measurement , Absolute , Error , Combination , Resistor , Resistance , Ohm

Final answer:

Thermal equilibrium between two objects is achieved when they are at the same temperature, resulting in no net flow of thermal energy between them. This satisfies the conditions of the zeroth law of thermodynamics. So the correct option is C.

Explanation:

Thermal equilibrium is achieved between two objects when both objects have the same temperature, which corresponds to option C. At this point, no thermal energy is transferred between the objects because their molecules have the same average kinetic energy. This concept is rooted in the zeroth law of thermodynamics, which also suggests that if object A is in thermal equilibrium with object B, and object B with object C, then objects A and C are also in thermal equilibrium. Therefore, the net flow of heat ceases once the objects reach the same temperature.

Key Points:

Answer:

B) Copper atoms have loosely held free electrons in their outer shell that is able to move freely in other atoms.

Explanation:

A material which has loosely held free electrons in its outermost shell is always a good conductor. These loosely held free electrons move from atoms to atoms and cause conductivity. It is known that copper and other metals are good conductors. Therefore, option (B) supports the argument and is a right answer.

25 kilometers per hour (25 km/h)  is an example of speed only.

Thus, Velocity is the pace and direction of an object's movement, whereas speed is the time rate at which an object is travelling along a path.

In other words, velocity is a vector, whereas speed is a scalar value. For instance, 50 km/hr west denotes the velocity of a car whereas 50 km/hr (31 mph) denotes the speed at which it is moving down a route.

The average speed of an object is determined by dividing the distance traveled by the amount of time it takes the object to go the distance, which is a pretty simple mathematical formula and speed.

Thus, 25 kilometers per hour (25 km/h)  is an example of speed only.

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The correct answer to the question is D). Ability to combine with oxygen.

EXPLANATION:

Before going to answer this question, first we have to understand physical and chemical change.

The change or reaction  is said to be physical if there will be no change in the chemical configuration of the substance. The property corresponding to this change is called physical property which won't change the configuration of the substance. It is measurable and simply denotes the physical states of a system.

A chemical change is a change in  which a new substance is formed due to the chemical reaction. Here, both the reactants and products have different chemical configuration. The property corresponding to it is called chemical property.

As per our questions, hardness, boiling and ability to conduct electricity are the physical properties of a substance.

The ability to combine with oxygen is not a physical property. It is so because it will result into the formation of a new compound.

Hence, the correct answer to the question is the ability to combine with oxygen.

During nuclear fission and fusion matter that seems to disappear but is actually converted into energy.

When the slow moving neutrons are bombarded with the heavy radioactive nuclei, the product is the more number of neutrons are produced with the large amount of energy. This multiplying process is called nuclear fusion.

The amount of energy produced in such a reaction can be calculated using the equivalence of mass and energy relationship.

E = mc²

The same happens in nuclear fusion where large amount of energy is needed  to make more heavy nuclei.

Thus, during nuclear fission and fusion matter that seems to disappear but is actually converted into energy.

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During nuclear fusion and fission, the matter that seems to disappear is converted into energy.

This is explained by Einstein's famous equation which shows that energy and mass are interchangeable:

Here:

This equation explains that:

That is why during nuclear fusion and fission reactions, the matter that seems to disappear is actually converted into energy.

A signaling site criterion involves selecting a location based on characteristics that enhance the likelihood of successful signal transmission, much like the site location analysis done by geographers.

A signaling site criterion is an important factor when selecting a location for sending out signals so that they can be effectively detected by friendly forces or intended recipients. This concept is similar to site location analysis in geography, where geographers assess various factors to determine the most advantageous location for a city, business, or other establishments based on site and situation factors. The criteria focus on attributes such as the availability of resources, the location's visibility, accessibility, and the likelihood of successful signal transmission. Like how a city benefits from a good harbor or central location, a signaling site should enhance the probability of signal detection while considering both the physical characteristics of the site and the external factors affecting its efficacy.