While Mark identified structural support and transport as protein functions, he omitted roles in enzymatic reactions, immunity, hormonal regulation, and growth and repair. Proteins also act as metabolic fuels and have diverse structures critical to their functions, with alterations potentially leading to disorders like sickle cell anemia.
Explanation:Mark mentioned structure and transport as functions of proteins, but he omitted several other significant functions. Proteins are indeed crucial for structural support and transport, but they also have pivotal roles in enzymatic activities, immune responses as antibodies, hormonal functions, and serving as receptors and channels in cell membranes. Moreover, they are involved in cell signaling, muscle contraction, and other regulatory mechanisms within the body. Proteins such as hemoglobin are vital for oxygen transport, and enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions which are essential for metabolism. Proteins also contribute to growth and repair of tissues and can act as a metabolic fuel source when needed.
Of importance, the structure of proteins, determined by the sequence of amino acids and their three-dimensional folding, is critical for their diverse functions. A change in even a single amino acid can have significant consequences on protein functionality, as seen in the genetic disorder sickle cell anemia, where an altered hemoglobin structure leads to improper oxygen transport and other complications.
Which of the following is usually the least disruptive (least serious) type of mutation if it occurs within a gene?
A.) trinucleotide repeat
B.) nucleotide insertion
C.) single nucleotide substitution
D.) nucleotide deletion
Hi Greenrune13.
Answer: B. Nucleotide insertion
Explanation: Nucleotide insertion is the following is usually the least disruptive at least serious types of mutation if it occurs within a gene.
I hope this helps you!
Have a nice day! :)
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-Charlie
Thank you! :)
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if the parents are Bb and BB what percentage of the offspring will be gray?
a.) 0%
b.) 25%
c.) 50%
d.) 75%
Without additional information on the phenotypic expression of the 'B' and 'b' alleles, it is impossible to determine the percentage of gray offspring for the genotypes Bb and BB.
Explanation:Percentage of Offspring with a Certain GenotypeTo determine the percentage of offspring that will be gray from parents with genotypes Bb and BB, we can use a Punnett square. The genotype 'B' represents a dominant allele, and the genotype 'b' represents a recessive allele. Since we are not given what the 'B' or 'b' represent in terms of color (gray, black, white, etc.), it's not possible to answer the question about the percentage of gray offspring without additional information. However, the question on Brainly asked for the percentage of offspring that would be gray, and without any knowledge of the phenotypic expression of the genotypes 'B' and 'bb', we cannot determine this from the provided information.
In a typical Punnett square assuming complete dominance, if one parent is heterozygous (Bb) and the other is homozygous dominant (BB), all offspring will appear phenotypically like the dominant parent. This is because they will all have at least one 'B' allele. But without knowing which color 'B' and 'b' stand for, it's impossible to assign colors such as gray to these genotypes.
A student would like to determine how heating a liquid changes its volume. The student hypothesizes that the liquid will increase in volume. The following list shows the steps taken by the student in order to test the hypothesis.
Select the liquid to test.
Place the liquid in a sealed container.
Use a Bunsen burner to heat the liquid by 10°C.
Measure the volume of the liquid.
Record the results.
What is wrong with how the student conducted the investigation?
A.
The student should have increased the temperature of the liquid by more than 10ºC.
B.
The volume of the liquid should be measured before it is heated.
C.
The length of time it took for the liquid to be heated should be measured.
D.
The hypothesis was not valid because it is impossible for liquids to change in volume.
Answer:
B. The volume of the liquid should be measured before it is heated.
Explanation:
A student made serious mistake that he did not measure the volume of the liquid before heating.
The scientific experimentation along with care and attention need a proper protocol which a scientist needs to follow to get the results.
The initial hypothesis of the student shows that he wants to know the change in volume, so it is inevitable to calculate the initial volume to know the difference after the completion of experiment.
All other options seem less appropriate than Option B, therefore B is the right answer.
I hope it help!
Please Help!!!!
A man who is color-blind marries a woman who is not color-blind and is not a carrier of the allele for color blindness. Create a Punnett square to predict the possible genotypes of their children.
Answer:
The punnet square
Explanation:
In order to create a punnet square you have to name the or put a representation to the genes, les say it would be C and N, C for colorblind and N for normal:
Father Mother
N N
C CN CN
N NN NN
So that would be the punnet square, remember that sex comes into consideration because women can´t be colorblind nor carriers of the gene.
Medication that relieves pain but also slows respiration _____
The answer is; opioids
These painkillers relieve pain by competing with neurotransmitters in binding neurotransmitter receptors in the synapse. However, they don’t induce an impulse hence block the receptors from neurotransmitters. This working principle, however, is also problematic because it causes slow breathing because the drugs calm nerve activity even that which controls your breathing.
which process is the first step of making a protein from DNA instructions?
a)transcription
b)termination
c)translation
d)transfer
The first step of protein synthesis is called transcription. The DNA transcription to mRNA is actually the first step of the protein synthesis. During the transcription step the instructions encoded in the DNA of the genes are transcribed into the nucleotide sequence code of a ribonucleic acid (RNA)....
so your answer is Option (A)
Final answer:
The first step of making a protein from DNA instructions is transcription (option a), where the genetic code of DNA is copied into mRNA. This step is critical for transferring genetic code into a form that can be used to synthesize proteins.
Explanation:
The First Step of Protein Synthesis
The first step of making a protein from DNA instructions is known as transcription. This process involves the transcription of the genetic information in double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) into the single-stranded messenger molecule ribonucleic acid (RNA). It occurs in the nucleus of a cell and involves the creation of messenger RNA (mRNA) from the DNA template. After transcription, mRNA leaves the nucleus and is used in the next phase of protein synthesis, translation, where the mRNA is decoded to synthesize a protein.
Transcription is the critical first step that sets the stage for protein synthesis by allowing the genetic code carried in DNA to be transferred into a form that can be read and used to assemble proteins. Without this essential conversion from DNA to RNA, the process of reading the genetic instructions and constructing proteins cannot begin.
The distribution of na+ ions across a typical biological membrane is 10 mmol/dm3 inside the cell and 140 mmol/dm3 outside the cell. at equilibrium, the concentrations are equal. what is the gibbs energy difference across the membrane at 37 deg c? assume activities are equal to concentrations. answer in kj/mol. note the difference should be calculated assuming the initial and final states are inside and outside of the cell, respectively.
The Gibbs free energy of the system refers to a state function as it is illustrated in terms of thermodynamic characteristics, which are state functions. ΔG = -RT ln(K)
K is just the concentration of keeping it at one end.
K = 10 mmol / 140 mmol
R is a constant = 8.31447 J/molK
T = 273 + 37 = 310 K
ΔG = -310 × 8.31447 × ln (10/140)
= 6802 J.
Explain how a forensic biologist would analyze a tiny sample of DNA found at a crime scene.
Forensic biologists analyze tiny DNA samples using PCR and STR loci analysis, comparing it with criminal DNA databases.
Forensic biologists analyze tiny samples of DNA found at crime scenes through a process involving DNA isolation, sequencing, and analysis. They primarily use polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of short tandem repeat (STR) loci and electrophoresis to determine the length of the PCR-amplified fragment.
One of the main focuses is on mitochondrial DNA sequencing for forensics and comparing the DNA with a database of DNA profiles of known criminals. Forensic biologists play a crucial role in presenting their findings in court hearings, primarily working in crime labs of government agencies.
When someone is homozygous recessive for the sickle cell allele, what protein is misshapen?
A.) melanin
B.) factor VIII
C.) hemoglobin
D.) mucous-producing
C hemoglobin is the correct answer.
What is menopause, when does it normally occur, and what causes it?
What is menopause?
Menopause is a condition in which the ovaries cutdown in producing hormones and eggs.
When does it normally occur?
It occurs when females stop having periods for over a year, usually females over the age of 45 get menopause, which is a normal part of aging for older females.
What causes menopause?
Women produce eggs every month, when they stop producing eggs and periods stop, then they start developing menopause.
Menopause is, when does it normally occur, and the causes it Menopause is the end of the menstrual cycle naturally.
Further explanationMenopause or physiological cessation of menstrual cycles associated with the elderly level of women. A woman who experiences natural menopause at all can not know whether a certain menstrual period is really the last menstrual period until one year has passed. Menopause is sometimes referred to as a life change.
At the age of forty, some hormonal changes associated with menopause symptoms begin to occur, which usually occurs when women enter the age of 45 to 55 years.
The cause is Hormone Change
ovarian degeneration becomes inactive due to a lack of formation of reproductive hormones such as estrogen. Due to the drastic decrease in the hormone estrogen, it cannot inhibit the production of LH and FSH so that the value becomes high and remains quite long.
A woman is said to experience menopause when menstruation has stopped for 12 months. Menopause is preceded by the appearance of various changes during the perimenopause, called menopausal symptoms. These hormonal changes also affect bone mineralization. Estrogen influences bone mineralization by activating osteoclasts. thus, decreasing estrogen levels in menopausal women will reduce bone density.
The symptoms that arise are
a. Vertigo
b. dry skin
c. memory loss
Learn More :About Menopause; https://brainly.com/question/3256449,
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DetailsClass: College.
Subject: Biology.
Keywords: Menopause, Hormone , Woman
How many atoms of each element does sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, contain? Sodium = 1 atom, Carbon = 2 atoms, Oxygen = 3 atoms Sodium = 1 atom, Carbon = 1 atoms, Oxygen = 3 atoms Sodium = 2 atoms, Carbon = 1 atom, Oxygen = 3 atoms Sodium = 2 atoms, Carbon = 3 atom, Oxygen = 3 atoms
Answer:
2 sodium
1 carbon
3 oxygen
Explanation:
Na2 = 2 Sodium
C = 1 carbon
O3 = 3 oxygens
A gymnastics student lands awkwardly and hurts her ankle. after mri scan, it was revealed that she has a torn cartilage. the health care worker states it may take up to 3 to 4 months for this injury to heal. the basic physiologic reason behind the prolonged recovery is due to the fact that cartilage is/has primarily:
Cartilage is avascular, which is the basic physiological reason behind the prolonged recovery of the injury.
Cartilage is avascular tissue, which is a contrasting feature of bone tissue. Both the cartilage and bone comprises cells, which discharge an extracellular matrix that produces the composition of the tissue. Cartilage is more flexible in comparison to the bone, however, it also possesses substantial tensile strength.
The repairing of cartilage is mainly a gradual procedure and may in fact not take place in some of the situations. In comparison to cartilage, the extracellular matrix of bone is mineralized, forming a hard tissue that possesses the tendency of giving support for the body and safeguarding for its essential compositions.
what is the effect of sickle cell anemia
Answer:
Sickle Cell Anemia:It is a type of disorder which occurs inside the red blood cells or RBC's of the blood medium. And is mainly caused by the deficiency in the oxygen molecules inside the blood medium leading the nerves and the cells to have lack of oxygen.
As, the target cells become more sickle in shape and they are unable to carry on the transportation of the oxygen,O₂ molecules through the given path way or arteries inside the circulatory system present in the body.
Target Cells in the Body and Cause:It is mainly caused by the deficiency in the level of oxygen,O₂ molecules inside the blood medium, as its not because of the lack of oxygen present in the air but due to receiving an abnormal gene by the person leads to abnormality in the structure or shape of the hemoglobin over all. Making the RBC's unable to carry enough oxygen to all the cells.
Diseases or disorders caused by the sickle anemia:Due, to lack of oxygen in the blood medium causes the cells to die and remain under nourished.Damage to the nerves and the arteries is caused leading to some of the heart diseases and the liver disorders.Some body parts may stop working due to less supply of oxygen to them.Most of the patient's body become pale and less developed both physically and mentally.Answer:
What are some of the results of having sickle-cell anemia
blood clotting
resistance to malaria
Explanation:
Which of the following is an example of the interaction between the circulatory and respiratory organ systems in a human
if your on study island the answer is The heart of a running man beats faster than the heart of a resting man.
Does anyone know the answers to this packet {step-scopes}??
which part do u need?
which of these is a trace fossil A.dinosaur egg B.insect in amber C.dinosaur footprint D. wooly mammoth tusk
C. dinosaur footprint (because a trace fossil is the trace of an animal instead of the animal itself).
Answer: Dinosaur footprint
Explanation:
The trace fossil can be defined as the geological records of the biological activity. They are fossils but only their imprints can be seen they are not the living forms preserved.
The best known fossils are the dinosaur trackways. It can be defined as the impression which is made by the organism on the substrate.
The remains of the organic matter preserved in order to study about the organism. These traces shows the behavior of the organism and helps in studying about it.
What is the difference between weather and climate? Give examples of each. -Why is the science of meteorology important to the everyday, average citizen? Talk about a time when meteorology impacted your plans for the weekend. -How do dew point and relative humidity work? -What are three specific thunderstorm (or hurricane, or tornado, etc) safety rules that everyone should know? - Explain how hurricanes form and where they get their energy. -What is the greenhouse effect? Why is it important to maintaining life on earth?
The first question's answer is...
"Whereas weather refers to short-term changes in the atmosphere, climate describes what the weather is like over a long period of time in a specific area. ... Looking at Climate Normals can help us describe whether the summers are hot and humid and whether the winters are cold and snowy at a particular place."
Summarize where carbon is found on Earth and how much of it is in the human body
Carbon is the basic building block to most cells in the body.
It helps with cellular respiration where your body releases energy stored in glucose and the glucose compound is full of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Carbon makes up 18% of the human body.
Sugars in the body like glucose hold carbon elements.
Final answer:
Carbon on Earth is predominantly found in its crust and mantle, oceans as bicarbonate ions, and in living and dead organic matter, through the Carbon Cycle. In the human body, carbon makes up about 20% by weight, central to macromolecules and life processes, even though it is relatively rare on Earth.
Explanation:
Where Carbon Is Found on Earth
Carbon is a fundamental element that circulates through the land, ocean, and atmosphere, which is collectively known as the Carbon Cycle. On Earth, most carbon is stored in the crust and mantle, with a significant amount also found in the oceans as bicarbonate ions. Through the process of photosynthesis, plants and algae play a crucial role in converting atmospheric carbon dioxide into organic matter. Aside from its role in living organisms, carbon is also found in carbonate rocks, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and dead organic matter.
Carbon in the Human Body
Carbon is one of the most abundant elements in the human body, making up approximately 20% by weight. It is crucial for the structure of macromolecules and plays an essential role in life processes. Despite being relatively rare on Earth's surface, the human body is efficient at concentrating carbon through the consumption of food, where it assimilates carbon and other elements necessary for survival.
ON A SEPARATE SHEET OF PAPER, DRAW A V-T GRAPH THAT REPRESENTS AN OBJECT MOVING AT A CONSTANT SPEED OF 60 MPH FOR A PERIOD OF 10 HOURS. ON THIS GRAPH THE LINE YOU DREW TO REPRESENT constant speed is. A. Perfectly vertical B. Perfectly Horizontal C. Diagonal D. Curved
To represent an object moving at a constant speed of 60 mph for 10 hours on a V-T graph, you would draw a perfectly horizontal line.
In a velocity-time (V-T) graph, the horizontal axis represents time (in this case, hours), and the vertical axis represents velocity (in this case, speed in miles per hour, MPH).
When an object is moving at a constant speed, it means that it covers the same amount of distance in the same amount of time consistently. In this scenario, the object is moving at a constant speed of 60 MPH for 10 hours.
The key characteristic of constant speed on a V-T graph is that the velocity remains the same throughout the entire duration of the motion. This is represented by a perfectly horizontal line. The line extends along the velocity axis at the level of 60 MPH, indicating that at any given moment during the 10-hour period, the object's speed remains 60 MPH.
There is no change in velocity (acceleration) over time when an object is moving at a constant speed, hence the horizontal line on the graph. This is a fundamental concept in physics, and it's visually represented on the V-T graph by a straight, horizontal line.
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Describe some species interactions during reef building.
Reefs are formed by calcium carbonate produced by the coral polyps. As a single polyp dies, its soft tissue decays, but the calcium carbonate cup remains.Other polyps build on top of the cup, and when they die, other polyps will build on their cups. Over time, this process creates larger and larger coral reefs.While corals are the chief architects of the reef structure, they are not the only builders. Corallin algae cement various corals together with compounds of calcium, and other organisms such as tube worms andmollusks donate their hard skeletons to the construction.
Some of the interactions that occurs during reef building is called mutualism.
What is reef building?The reef building can be defined as the activities of the organism called coral polyps which involves the secretion of layers of calcium carbonate.
There are many different species interactions that occur during reef building.
One example is mutualism, where two species benefit each other.
For example, the zooxanthellae, a type of algae, provides food to the coral polyps through photosynthesis. In return, the coral provides a protected environment and carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.
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a(n)------ kills insects. The suffix -cide comes from the latin word caedere, which means "to strike, kill"
helllllllllo what exactly are u looking for
The correct answer to the question is a. insecticide.
The suffix -cide in the word insecticide comes from the Latin word caedere, which means to strike, kill.
The word insecticide is composed of insect, referring to the target organisms, and -cide, indicating that it is a substance that kills insects. Therefore, an insecticide is a chemical agent used to kill insects. The other options provided do not fit the definition given in the question, as they pertain to different contexts or do not correctly combine with the suffix -cide to indicate the killing of insects.
Which planet does NOT have a moon orbiting it? A) earth B) jupiter C) mercury D) saturn
C. Mercury is the answer. Mercury and Venus are the only two planets in our solar system that don't have moons
Answer:
The Correct Answer is C.
"Mercury"
Explanation:
Mercury does not have any moon even Mercury also does not have any ring. Mercury is the modest planet in our solar system. It is slightly larger than our Earth's moon. It also the closest planet to the sun. Mercury has barely any atmosphere of its own so Mercury easily can be hit by an asteroid or meteoroid. No moons are orbiting Mercury and Mercury has no ring either.
what factor that contributes to cancer increases with exposure to the sun?
a) tobacco
b) radiation
c) asbestos
d) genetics
A variegated leaf has white patches. The patches occur where chlorophyll is missing from the chloroplasts in some of the cells. Chloroplasts have their own DNA, and are inherited from one parent only. How is the variegated leaf trait inherited?
A. Variegation is inherited from the male parent. The nucleus of the male gamete transforms into a chloroplast.
B. Variegation is inherited from the female parent. Only the egg cell contributes cytoplasm with chloroplasts to the embryo.
C. Variegation is inherited as a codominant trait, causing white and green leaf patches.
D. Variegation is inherited from the male parent. The male gamete contributes cytoplasm containing chloroplasts to the embryo.
Answer:
B. Variegation is inherited from the female parent. Only the egg cell contributes cytoplasm with chloroplasts to the embryo.
Explanation:
Inheritance of chloroplast DNA is example of cytoplasmic inheritance. The cytoplasmic DNA is transmitted from egg cell to the embryo. Being regulated by chloroplast DNA, the variegated leaf trait would also exhibit the maternal inheritance and would be passed from egg cell to the embryo.
Example: Presence of green, white or variegates leaves in Mirabilis jalapa follows maternal inheritance
What life style events can affect your biology?
Hi,
There is a relatively new branch of genetics that is called epigenetics, which provides information that how can environmental factors or life style changes can affect the expression of genes without causing changes in the nucleotide sequences of the genes.
You can think about epigenetics as *Tags* which can switch genes on and off just like when we turn a lamp on it produces light and when we turn it off light donot shines.
So, how our life events affect our biology are through several ways.Dr. Rudolph Tanzi is a professor at Harvard university who showed that factors like diet, sleep, behavior and other environmental circumstances can affect our biology by triggering specific genes on and off.
For example: the studies showed that only one week of insufficient sleep can alter the activity of almost 700 genes by triggering different processes like stress, anxiety, mood swings etc.
Similarly, if we have a life style where we feel positive about everything, feel gratitude about blessings then it has shown to positively regulate the activity of genes by causing mind freshness and calmness and more stability of moods.
Similarly, diet can also affect our biology in several ways. For example: a diet that is excessively rich in carbohydrates can attack our genes and cause disbalance in blood glucose levels. While a diet rich in sulforaphane, resveratrol and epigallocatechin gallate (green tea) can reverse the damage to DNA and promote a good health.
Hope it help!
Which of these is a reason why understanding animal behavior is important? It enables you to predict responses. It allows you to be exempt from danger. It ensures that you follow humane laws. It makes animals more prepared to obey you.
It enables you to predict responses, I think.
Understanding animal behavior aids in predicting their responses, safeguards humans from potential threats, aids in abiding by animal rights laws, and helps domesticate animals. Historically, this understanding facilitated better hunting strategies and ensured the humane treatment of animals. The ability to recognize innate (genetic) and learned (environmental) behaviors allows us to understand how animal respond to stimuli.
Explanation:Understanding animal behavior is crucial for several reasons. Primarily, it ensures a harmonious coexistence between humans and animals. For instance, if we understand their behavior, we can predict their responses, potentially exempt us from danger, aid in following humane laws, and foster obedience in domestic animals.
Historically, humans have created deep bonds with animals, like dogs, out of necessity for survival. This relationship required the understanding of their behaviors and migratory patterns. Therefore, the understanding forged better hunting strategies, avoidance of potential threats, and ensured humane treatment.
Our ability to differentiate between innate (genetically driven, independent of environmental influences) and learned behaviors (result of environmental conditioning) is critical. Grasping these behaviors allows us to comprehend the actions of animals in response to certain stimuli. For example, knowing that touching a hot stove would result in pain, is an instance of learned behavior in humans. The same behaviors are observable in animals too.
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What part does subduction play in the rock cycle?
A. It breaks rocks into sediment
B. It decreases pressure on buried rocks
C. It pulls rocks deep into earth
D. It pushes rocks up to Earths surface
Answer:
Option (C)
Explanation:
The subduction zones are the features that are created along the convergent plate boundary, where two plates move towards each other. As both the converging plate collides, the denser and heavier plate subducts below the less denser plate and this results in the formation of the subduction zone. As the heavy plate goes down, the pressure on the buried rocks increases and the denser rocks are pulled down deep into the greater depth, where the rocks undergoes partial melting. This zone is marked by the presence of a V-shaped trench that lies just above it.
Thus, the correct answer is option (C).
Which of the following do not have cell walls: plants, animals, bacteria, or fungi?
Animals do not have cell walls.
The choice animals doesn't have cell walls. I hope i helped!
1.What is gene expression?
2.What is a methyl group and what does it do?
3.How does the environment effect the epigenome?
4.Can choices you make today potentially affect the health of your future children? Explain.
2. A methyl group is a carbon with 3 hydrogen atoms which is an alkyl derived from methane. A methyl group is significant in gene expression. When methyl group are attached to DNA molecules (in a process called DNA methylation), the process promotes histone complexes hence silences genes.
3. The epigenome is the collection of biochemical compounds and processes that affect the DNA and gene expression without affecting the DNA sequence. His environment affects the epigenome by indirectly affecting DNA methylation and histone modification. This subsequently affects how a gene is expressed.
4. Based on the aforementioned, it is significant to note that environmental influences on a person begin prenatally (before birth). Genome-wide changes occur immediately after fertilization, therefore life choices, like substance abuse during pregnancy, will affect the character and health of the child postnatally.
Identify the characteristics of a cell. Check all that apply. measures 3-500 micrometers infects all forms of living cells grows and reproduces responds to stimuli contains DNA or RNA, not both contains a cell membrane
1,3,4,6 is the answer
Cells have several defining characteristics, such as the ability to grow, reproduce, respond to stimuli, contain DNA or RNA, and possess a cell membrane. Prokaryotic cells are a typical example that can be identified by these features when observed under a microscope.
Explanation:Characteristics of a cell include:
Measures between 3-500 micrometers, although most prokaryotic cells are smaller (0.1 to 5.0 µm).Grows and reproduces, which is one of the fundamental properties of cells.Responds to stimuli, exhibiting responsiveness to the environment.Contains DNA or RNA, not both at the same time; cells contain genetic material for replication.Has a cell membrane that separates the interior of the cell from its external environment.An example that justifies these identifications is the prokaryotic cell, as seen under a microscope, which might include a cell wall, plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and DNA in a nucleoid region, without a membrane-bound nucleus. Such cells may also possess additional structures like flagella, pili, or capsules.