Match the person of the Enlightenment to their idea/description

Question 46 options:

believed in separation of powers where power checks power and no one should abuse power


advocated for women's rights


his main thought was for tolerance


believed in natural rights of life, liberty, and property

1.
John Locke

2.
Voltaire

3.
Montesquieu

4.
Mary Wollstonecraft

The correct answer is:

It would lead to tyranny, it would deprive the minority of their rights.

Explanation:

The principal danger of majority rule according to the Founding Fathers of the United States is that if the majority of a government is composed by people with the same ideals and commitments it would lead to tyranny and there would be little tolerance for any who disagreed.

James Madison refers to this danger in the Federalist essay No. 10, and also talks about the necessary evil of factions, and how factions would prevent majority rule leading to tyranny because of the diversity of opinions.

The second danger of a majority rule according to the Federalist essay No. 51  is that if a majority is united by a common interest, the rights of the minority would be deprived. If the majority elects representatives willing to pass laws that only benefit that majority, the minority's rights would be compromised.

Robespierre led France during the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution. Leonardo Da Vinci was an example of a "Renaissance Man," good at a lot of skills, such as sculpting, architecture, engineering, science, and philosophy. Copernicus developed the heliocentric theory, the idea that the earth revolves around the sun. Michelangelo was the Florentine painter who painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and sculpted the David

Answer:

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One of reasons the Central Powers were defeated was the entrance of the US forces into the war brought vast new resources to the allied forces. This also meant that the Allied forces were able to produce more war materials than the Central Powers, which proved to be decisive.

Explanation:

Samuel Morse issued warnings about sexual corruption in the Catolic Church arguing that Jesuit priests were undermining American education. He has formed the native American Democratic Association in 1835.  

Even though Morse’s opinions were within the mainstream by the time, his anti-Catholic and anti-immigrant posture lead to intolerance. These views would explode violently in the 1840s, especially in Philadelphia, where the deadly “Bible Riots” of 1844 left dozens dead, Catholic churches in ruins, and hundreds of homes destroyed.

I think nativist organizations are based on narrow religious belief, leading to intolerance against any foreign ideas that can contribute to human evolution.

Samuel Morse expressed nativist fears to the chairman of the Native American Democratic Association, highlighting concerns about immigration's impact on American identity.

In his letter to the chairman of the Native American Democratic Association, Samuel Morse expressed nativist fears about the impact of immigration on American identity and culture. He argued that the influx of foreign immigrants threatened to dilute the traditional values and customs of the United States. Morse believed that nativist organizations were necessary to protect American society from these perceived threats. Such nativist fears can lead to intolerance because they often involve the belief in the superiority of one's own culture or race and the exclusion or mistreatment of others.

Nativists may advocate for restrictive immigration policies, discrimination against marginalized groups, and the suppression of cultural diversity. Intolerance arises when these beliefs and actions deny individuals their rights and dignity. Nativist organizations are not inherently intolerant, but they have the potential to be so. While some nativist groups focus on preserving culture and advocating for stricter immigration controls without promoting intolerance, others may foster an environment of prejudice and discrimination. It depends on the perspectives, goals, and actions of the specific organization.

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The correct answer is B the decision in Reed v. Reed was the beginning of a series of decisions that marked a shift in how the Court looks at sex discrimination

Explanation:

The Reed v. Reed  was a law case in 1971 in which the Supreme Court in the United States decided the executor of an estate could not be chosen just according to its gender, after Sally and Cecil Reed got divorced and Cecil (the man) was chosen as the administrator of the state of their son as a result of Idaho Code preference for males in this kind of cases. Later, after the Supreme Court studied the case it was decided that this preference was unconstitutional and other codes and laws were studied as a result. Thus, after the Reed v. Reed case different codes around different states that were based on gender were modified and sex discrimination in law was widely studied and considered to avoid sex-based discrimination.

Final answer:

The decision in Reed v. Reed was significant because it marked a shift in how the Court looks at sex discrimination, initiating a series of Supreme Court rulings that addressed gender equality and discrimination under the standard of intermediate scrutiny.

Explanation:

The decision in Reed v. Reed, which held that States may not choose the executor of an estate based solely on gender, was important because it marked a shift in how the Court looks at sex discrimination. The Supreme Court case set a precedent by challenging gender-based preferences in laws, contributing to a series of decisions that promoted gender equality. This decision was significant as it helped to pave the way for subsequent rulings that further addressed gender discrimination and established a more robust standard for the evaluation of laws that discriminated on the basis of sex, known as intermediate scrutiny.

The correct answer to the student's question is Option B: it was the beginning of a series of decisions that marked a shift in how the Court looks at sex discrimination. Reed v. Reed was not about protecting women as the 'weaker sex', nor did it challenge the assumption that women are always legally the head of a household.

The following regions on the attached map show where Minoan Civilization & Culture developed on the island of Crete::

The answer is A. Montezuma

Your answer in A. Moctezuma.

HUNTING AND GATHERING.  When Europeans arrived in Australia, hunting and gathering were part of Aboriginal people's diet. Hunting and gathering activities; however, were not only linked with subsistence but also with economy and the law. In 1460, hunting and gathering were ways by which men could display concern for the belief system. As well as rituals, the hunting practice allowed men to have an opportunity to make claims regarding their position and authority level in the group. In addition, to hunt was to follow the law and respect its sovereignty.

This letter was written by Leo Szilard, a Hungarian-German-American physicist and signed by Albert Einstein on August 2, 1939. In this letter he urged the president to get involve on a nuclear research and project as Germany might be planning and developing an atomic bomb.

In 1939, Albert Einstein signed a letter to President Roosevelt, urged by scientists fleeing Nazi Germany, emphasizing the importance of advancing U.S. nuclear research to combat the potential threat of German atomic weapons. This action led to the start of the Manhattan Project.

In Einstein's letter to President Roosevelt, he urged the President to take military action in response to the threat of Nazi Germany's nuclear research.

The letter highlighted the importance of promoting nuclear research in the US to ensure national security.

Through this correspondence, scientists sought to raise awareness about the potential development of powerful atomic bombs by Germany.

In 1939, alarmed by the potential of Nazi Germany to develop atomic weapons, a group of eminent scientists led by Leo Szilard, and including Hungarian physicist Edward Teller and Eugene Wigner, sought the help of Albert Einstein to alert the United States government. They wrote a letter, which Einstein signed, directed to President Franklin Roosevelt. This letter emphasized the urgent need for the U.S to accelerate its own nuclear research to ensure they were not outpaced by Nazi Germany. The plea was to initiate and support nuclear research which could lead to the development of atomic bombs, a new and immensely powerful type of weapon. Einstein's involvement lent the letter gravitas, and it played a pivotal role in spurring the U.S. government into action, leading to the eventual development of the Manhattan Project, America's own atomic bomb program.

The right option is the first, Mapp v. Ohio.

This case, decided by the U.S. Supreme Court on June 19, 1961, ruled (6–3), it was stated, strenghtened the effects of the exclusionary rule, which was debated in other cases (Bram v. United States, Wolf v. Colorado and others). It states that evidence obtained through violation of the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which prohibits “unreasonable searches and seizures,” is inadmissible in all state courts.

Answer:

Mapp vs. Ohio

Explanation:

-GRADPOINT

The thing that was influenced by Montesquieu is the:

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Widespread fear, complete control over the soviet economy, and prison work camps known as gulags.

Stalin used Collectivization of Agriculture, Five-Year Plans, and Media Control and Propaganda as the three primary methods to exert control over Soviet Union. He created state-controlled farms, set unrealistic production quotas, and controlled media narratives to maintain his rule.

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The images used here represent a very significant event in American history. That event was the attacks on September 11, 2001. It was important because aside from the British invasion during the war of 1812 and the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour, there had never been an attack of such a magnitude on American soil. America thought it was safe and isolated from the problems in the rest of the world. The picture of the newspaper, with the headline "U.S. ATTACKED" would have been incredibly shocking to those who read it. The other two images of the impacts themselves and the second plane, moving towards the towers show the magnitude of the attacks.

Each person remembers clearly what he or she was doing on the day that critical events took place. I was teaching when 9/11 occurred. The first thing I did was phone my wife (who is an American living in Canada) and tell her to turn on the TV.

She started to ask me why. I didn't know what to say. It was about 9 o'clock (am) our time. I told her just to do it. I wasn't sure what exactly was going on, but there were a lot of students crowded around the TV. It struck me that it must be important. I normally teach Math, but on that day nothing was taught. As the attack sunk in, we silently kept vigil that day, mourning the fact that man finds it necessary to murder innocents.

I was also teaching when Kennedy was shot. I had exactly the same reaction -- a sadness that was hard to live through. We never learn.

The correct answer is option: 2

Olaudah Equiano brings the horrors of his journey by slave ship to life through his use of vivid sensory details.

Answer:

2. vivid sensory details

Explanation:

One of the characteristics of Equiano's account of his journey in a slave ship is the ample use of vivid sensory details that Equiano employs. These details include descriptive language, literary devices and imagery. The purpose of employing such methods is to allow the reader to imagine what Equiano's experience must have been like, and in this way enhance the persuasiveness of his text.

C) they were accused of being responsible for the Bubonic Plague.

In the mid-1300s thousands of European Jews were murdered by other Europeans because they were accused of being responsible for the Bubonic Plague.

One of the three plagues that the plague bacterium can produce is bubonic plague. Flu-like symptoms appear one to seven days following bacterial contact.

Along with fever, headaches, and vomiting, these signs and symptoms can include enlarged and painful lymph nodes in the region closest to the site where the bacterium entered the skin.

Another sign is acral necrosis, a darkening of the skin. Occasionally, "buboes," or enlarged lymph nodes, may burst open. Bubonic plague, septicemic plague, and pneumonic plague are the three different types of plague as a result of the infection route.

Infected fleas from small animals are the major carriers of the bubonic plague. It might also happen if you come into contact with a dead animal that has the plague.

Animals that are susceptible to the bubonic plague, such rabbits, hares, and several cat species, often pass away after contracting it. When the bubonic plague strikes, the bacteria enter the body by a flea bite and move through the lymphatic system to a lymph node, where they cause it to enlarge.

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People need to believe they have equal social and political rights, else there would be mass protests, revolutions and anarchy. Whether they actually exist in real life is irrelevant here, only the belief matters.

The primary difference in the social structures of humans and animals is the forced imposition of order in human society, leading to a more 'collective' society, instead of the usual 'survival of the fittest/law of the jungle' structure.  

And the concept of equal rights is necessary to achieve this imposition of order.

In my opinion, a human society following 'law of the jungle' would be unsustainable, simply because humans as a species are too weak to survive as individuals. The greatest strength of our species is our mental faculty. This leads to the sum of the parts being greater than the whole. As individuals though, we would fail to harness this strength.

Therefore, equal rights do offer us an evolutionary advantage, since they allow us to cluster together, and grow as a population, which is the only way for us to survive.

Answer:

B) Florence established a banks all over Europe and developed a uniform currency.

Explanation:

During the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, the Florentines actively participated in the wars between Guelphs and Ghibellines, factions vying for the succession of the imperial crown. The Guelphs defended paper power and were against noble privileges, while the Ghibellines, supported by the German Emperor, opposed the power of the Pontiff. Florence was predominantly Guelfa. The nobility was very weakened by these struggles and was expelled from power in 1293, opening the period of the second people.

At that time Florence was the first city in Tuscany, as Pisa had been defeated by Genoa in 1284 and Siena was beginning to decline. The city was one of the most active in Italy. The businesses were family owned and had branches throughout western Europe. The older companies were still involved in the dispute between whites and blacks, factions into which the Guelphs were divided, and suffered their consequences. These political conflicts did not prevent Florence from establishing banks and becoming one of the most powerful and prosperous cities in Europe, where trade was headed, unlike Venice, which expanded into the Mediterranean.

An example of its power was the creation of the “golden guilder” in 1252, a currency that would remain for more than three centuries as one of the world's monetary standards alongside the Venetian duchy.

From 1326, the new companies were dedicated to the commerce, the industry and the most important economic activity, the financial one. The Florentines organized the large-scale loan: they lent money to the sovereigns of Europe in exchange for leasing taxes.

On this day in 1781, General George Washington, commanding a force of 17,000 French and Continental troops, begins the siege known as the Battle of Yorktown against British General Lord Charles Cornwallis and a contingent of 9,000 British troops at Yorktown, Virginia, in the most important battle of the Revolutionary .

Answer:

The American forces managed to corner the British Army on a peninsula. The French Navy prevented the British Navy from being able to rescue them. The results was the surrender of the British.

Explanation:

Hi There!

Cause: Slavery and the fact that the southern states in the U.S. wanted more slave states.

Effects: Mexico gave some of there territory to the U.S.

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The US-Mexican War was incited by issues surrounding Texas' annexation by the US. Results of the war deeply affected the two nations, with Mexico losing significant territory and the US facing debates over slavery that moved the nation towards the Civil War.

The US-Mexican War was primarily sparked by the United States' annexation of Texas in 1845. Texas, formerly a Mexican territory, had declared itself an independent republic in the late 18th century, an action not fully recognized by Mexico. When the US decided to incorporate Texas into its territory, Mexico saw this as an act of aggression and it led to diplomatic tension which eventually erupted into war in 1846. The war ended in 1848 with the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.

The effect of the war was transformative for both the United States and Mexico. The most significant of these was the forced cession by Mexico of an enormous amount of territory, now known as the American Southwest. This included what is now the states of California, Utah, Nevada, and parts of Wyoming, Colorado, Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Arizona.

Additionally, the war marked a critical stage in the ongoing debate over slavery as it intensified the issue of whether these newly added territories would allow slavery. This debate, in turn, moved the nation towards the Civil War.

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Hitler annexed Austria and Czechoslovakia and forced them to do it but Austria had made an approval about bringing their Nazis into his government but then later on changed their mind. Hitler then claimed that the Czechs were Mistreating German-speaking people, but then Franc and Britain promised to defend Czechs and their leaders met Hitler in Munich and made the agreement that Sudetenland would be his last territorial demand.

Adolf Hitler expanded Germany's territory through military actions and annexations, such as the Anschluss and the annexation of the Sudetenland. His ambition to achieve Lebensraum or living space drove Germany's expansion eastward, culminating in the invasion of Poland and the start of World War II.

Adolf Hitler began to expand Germany's territory through a series of military actions and annexations. After coming to power in 1933, Hitler withdrew Germany from the League of Nations and started rebuilding the German military.

In 1938, he orchestrated the annexation of Austria, known as the Anschluss, and then demanded that the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia be incorporated into Germany. Hitler's ambition to expand eastward, driven by the concept of Lebensraum or living space, eventually led to Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939, which marked the beginning of World War II.

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Roma visa, the troops began to celebrate.

Having seen Rome, the troops began to celebrate.

Verbis auditis, the mob began to cry and shout with rage.

Having heard the words, the mob began to cry and shout with rage.

The Espionage Act was enacted in 1917 (during WWI) aiming to block any interference with military operations or recruitment. According to this piece of legislation, any action which posed  a "clear and present danger" would be considered a a criminal offense. The clear and present danger clause was therefore the condition that needed to be fulfilled in order to qualify as one of the very exceptional cases in which the rights provided by the First Amendment could be limited. The Sedition Act was enacted in 1918 and expanded the Espionage Act, including a broader variety of offenses.

The reason to defend these regulations would be that national security is the most important objective and therefore anybody which puts that at risk should be punished.

On other hand, detractors would state that placing limits on the basic civil rights, such as the freedom of speech contradicts the universal provision of those rights guaranteed by the US Constitution.

In support: In a time of war dissenters could weaken the war effort. Speech that might hurt other Americans is not protected by the First Amendment

Against: The first Amendment should protect even unpopular speech. Speaking out against a war doesn’t endanger other Americans. In a democracy people should be free to disagree with the government.

The Incan civilization was heavily influenced by the Andes Mountains. Its most important city, Cusco, was located im what today is Perú, on a valley in the Andes. The Incas are considered an andean civilization and its empire, the largest of the Pre Columbian empires, extended mostly through the Andean Mountains. One of the most famous incan archeological sites, the Machu Picchu, is located on the mountains more than 2000 metres above sea level.

Answer: The Incan civilization was heavily influenced by the Andes Mountains. Its most important city, Cusco, was located im what today is Perú, on a valley in the Andes.

Explanation:

Relations between Japan and China starts backs in history. China a much older nation influenced a lot on Japan's development. The cultural relationship between china and Japan is seen through their similar form of writing, the way of worship which is Buddhism and also in pottery, Their Trade relations was a significant economic relationship that outlasted cultural as well as diplomatic their ties.

The correct answer is the following.

Japan’s cultural and economic relationship to China and Korea were basically in the cultural-arts aspect, more than politically or economically. In Medial times, Japan received the influence of the Buddhist doctrine, in writing, and other cultural aspects. In the economy, Japan did not totally isolate as was the case of China, but Japan continued to need a relationship with China. The Middle Ages in Japan encompasses three periods: the Asuka, the Narad, and the Heian period. During the Asuka period, Japan developed strong economic ties with Korea, specifically with the Baejek people in the south part of the Korean territory. This is the time when Japan was introduced to Buddhist principles.

In 1479, at the end of the Castilian War of Succession, which involved Portugal against the Catholic Monarchs, the Treaty of Alcáçovas was signed and a period of rapproachement between Spain and Portugal began. The text also settled several pending territorial issues between the two Crowns: the Canary Islands belonged by right to Castile; the Kingdom of Fez, the Azores and Madeira islands, Cape Verde, Guinea and the right of navegation beyond the Canaries, were recognized to Portugal.

For that reason, when being the Portuguese territories to the east of the Spanish ones, their explorations continued in that direction. This is how, bordering the African continent, the Portuguese explorers reached the Indian Ocean, where they formed colonies dedicated to expand their trade.

Portugal created small commercial bases in several points of Africa and the Indian Ocean, obtaining presence in the most important commercial routes of that tim, and began to charge those who passed through its colonies.

Portugal lost its power when, in 1581 in the middle of a dynasty crisis, the Spanish Crown came to the Portuguese throne. However, in 1668 Portuguese sovereignity over its territory was restored.

Portugal continued administrating colonies until 1970.

Portugal was leading the way in the early days of oceanic exploration due to their development of sailing innovations, along with the strong support provided by their government, including the overseas enthusiast Prince Henry. At the time, Spain and Portugal were leaders in overseas exploration (countries such as France or England were busy with wars and conflicts) and Spain was heading west, followed by Portugal exploring the east. The Royal House of Aviz was the ruling house at the time in Portugal, and they were set to establish a direct trade route to Asia. This allowed Portuguese captains to secure numerous trade routes along the shores of Africa, followed by the Middle East, India, China, and the East Indies and allowing Portugal to take the lead in the exploration of the Indian Ocean.

The reason for this small country to gain supremacy over the trade was for many reasons, some of which we discussed earlier. We already know that they took the lead in exploring the eastern seas, while Spain traveled west, and countries such as England and France were at war, so that's one point for Portugal. Portugal had a heavy Catholic influence, and the Pope was supporting these endeavors. Prince Henry founded the first navigation school, where ship captains learned to perfect their trade. New markets were opening due to the increasingly wealthier Portuguese. Bartolomeu Días route to Africa in 1488, Vasco da Gama amazing journey in 1497 establishing a direct route to India, along with the Treaty of Tordesillas which divided the kept Spain away for at least 20 years, allowed Portugal to gain supremacy over this region.

Portugal ultimately lost it's reign forever as the Asian trade was diverted through increasing trade posts from the English, Dutch, and French, along with the increasing European Colonialism.

Happy Holidays!

C) The day Japan bombed Pearl Harbor

Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii during World War II.  It was the largest attack on American soil to date, and it was viewed as an act of war.  It directly led to the U.S. entering into World War II.  

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The answer is c hope you get a good grade :D

The cabinet became an important part of the Executive Office of the President through a custom established by George Washington.

The cabinet, which is not mentioned in the United States Constitution, became an important part of the Executive Office of the President through a custom established by George Washington.

Oe of the goals of the lies was to support Russia by:

The correct answer is A, "A series of crises had accelerated the end feudalism in Europe."

Answer:

"A series of crises had accelerated the end feudalism in Europe."

Explanation: