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Which of the following statements about radioactive decay is true?
a. radioactive decay is the rate at which new atoms form.
b. During radioactive decay, atoms break down, releasing, particles or energy.
c. the rate of decay of a radioactive element cannot be approximated.
d. the number of radioactive atoms in a sample will always remain constant.
Which of the following terms refers to the time it takes for one-half of the radioactive atoms in a sample of a radioactive element to decay?
a. relative age.
b. absolute age.
c. potassium-argon date
d. half-life
Answer:
1. B
2. D
Explanation:
1. Radioactive decay occurs when a radioactive particle cannot maintain a high energy state due to its own weight. When a radioactive element (eg. Uranium) undergoes radioactive decay, its product/s (following the previous example, Uranium decays into Thorium) are more stable than its reactants.
The question might remain that after Uranium decays to Thorium, where does the extra mass go? The extra mass is released as an alpha particle, and through this process, a lot of energy is released as gamma radiation.
Hence, the answer is:
During radioactive decay, atoms break down releasing particles or energy.
2. The half-life of an element is referred to as:
The length of time taken for one half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay.
Hence, since the question states the definition of a half-life, the answer is D.
The correct answer is (b) 'During radioactive decay, atoms break down, releasing particles or energy.' And, the term for the time it takes for one-half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay is (d) 'half-life.'
Explanation:The true statement about radioactive decay is option (b), 'during radioactive decay, atoms break down, releasing particles or energy.' Radioactive decay is a spontaneous process where an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation, such as an alpha particle, beta particle with neutrino or only a neutrino with case of Electron Capture, or a gamma ray. The other options do not accurately describe this process.
The term referring to the time it takes for one-half of the radioactive atoms in a sample of a radioactive element to decay is option (d), 'half-life.' Half-life is commonly used in nuclear physics and chemistry, and it provides us with a measure of the time scale on which radioactive decay processes occur.
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Which identifies an electrically neutral atom that gains electrons?
A.
negative ion
B.
positive quanta
C.
positive photon
D.
negative isotope
The vapor pressure of ethanol at 25 degrees C is 7.83 kPa . Calculate the vapor pressure in atm. Round answer to 3 significant digits.
Answer:
0.07726
Explanation:
Why do the elements in group 16 share similar chemical properties?
T object]user: a ____ farm can be used to generate electricity
Tim's car breaks down just down the street from his house. he and his friends decide to try to push it to his house. using newton's three laws of motion, explain why this will be difficult.
The friends have to combine their forces to be greater than the force of the car pushing back on them (3rd law). The car will remain at rest until an outside force acts on it that it is greater than its own (1st). The speed in which the car is being moved is directly related to the amount of force and direction of the kids pushing the car (2nd).
a 700 kg racecar slowed from 30 m/s to 15 m/s. What is the change in momentum
To calculate the velocity of an object, the _________ of the position vs time graph should be calculated.
By definition we have to:
[tex] v = \frac{dr}{dt}
[/tex]
Where,
dr / dt: rate of change of the position of an object with respect to time
Therefore, we know that in a position graph with respect to time, both variables are proportional.
The proportionality constant is the speed of the object.
Mathematically, this constant represents the slope of the line.
Answer:
To calculate the velocity of an object, the slope of the position vs. time graph should be calculated.
An amount of nitrogen undergoes a physical change and increases its volume. What can be known about this physical change?
The boiling point of the nitrogen increased.
The mass of nitrogen increased.
The color changed.
The density changed.
Correct answer choice is :
D) The density changed.
Explanation:
Density is the number of mass placed in a particular volume. The density of an object can vary if either the mass or volume of the object is modified. Fluids, such as water, have a specific density. If an object is thicker than water, it will sink; if it is less thick than water, it will float. Maximum material rises in volume when it gets hotter. For instance, if an iron rod is ignited, it will get longer and thicker and its density will reduce. This occurs because the mass of the rod stays the equivalent, but its volume rises.
An input force of 35 newtons is applied to a machine with a mechanical advantage of 0.75. what is the size of the load this machine could lift (how large is the output force)?
The mechanical advantage of a machine is the ratio of its output force to the input force. The input force here is 35 N and the mechanical advantage is 0.75. Then, the output force is 26.25 N.
What is mechanical advantage ?The force amplified by utilizing a tool, mechanical device, or machine system is known as mechanical advantage. To achieve the desired output force amplification, the gadget trades off input forces against movement. The law of the lever serves as a paradigm for this. Mechanisms are machine parts made to control forces and motion in this way.
An ideal transmission system does not increase or decrease power. Consequently, the ideal machine is devoid of a power source, frictionless, and built from inflexible materials that do not flex or wear.
Efficiency factors that account for deviations from the ideal are used to represent how well a real system performs in comparison to the ideal.
Mechanical advantage = Fo/Fi
Input force Fi = 35 N
then Fo/Fi = 0.75
then, Fo = 35 × 0.75 = 26.2 N
Therefore, the output force of the machine is 26.2 N
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Final answer:
The mechanical advantage of a machine helps determine the output force given the input force. In this scenario, with a mechanical advantage of 0.75 and an input force of 35 newtons, the machine can lift an output force of 46.67 newtons.
Explanation:
The mechanical advantage of a machine is the ratio of the output force to the input force. In this case, with a mechanical advantage of 0.75 and an input force of 35 newtons, we calculate the output force:
Output Force = Input Force / Mechanical Advantage = 35 N / 0.75 = 46.67 N
Therefore, the machine can lift a load of 46.67 newtons.
During which type of change can an atom of one element transform into an atom of a different element
Answer:
Nuclear
Explanation:
A certain planet has an escape speed . If another planet has twice size and twice the mass of the first planet, its escape speed will be
A) Sqrt[2] V
B) V
C) V/2
D) V/Sqrt[2]
E) 2V
Answer:
answer is V
Explanation:
Which stage comes first in the life cycle of a high-mass star?
A. red giant
B. white dwarf
C. protostar
D. supernova
...?
Answer:
C. protostar
Explanation:
Due to the effect of gravity the hydrogen atoms are pulled together from the nebula. At this stage the star is not hot enough to start the nuclear fission. At this stage a star is called protostar. Eventually it will grow in size by attracting more hydrogen. When the temperature at the core is increased enough due to the gravitational pressure at the core of the star, then nuclear fission will start
What is the speed of a wave that has a frequency of 45 Hz and a wavelength of 0.1 meters?
A. 0.45 m/s
B. 4.5 m/s
C. 45 m/s
D. 450 m/s ...?
Answer:
4.5
Explanation:
yes
Planet a has three times the mass of planet b and the same radius. from this information, what can we conclude about the acceleration due to gravity at the surface of planet a compared to that at the surface of planet b?
What statement describes james chadwick's discover?
Microwave ovens emit microwave energy with a wavelength of 12.5 cm. What is the energy of exactly one photon of this microwave radiation?
I'm on sapling and I did it couple times, but I kept getting it wrong!!! I followed all the notes I have from lecture, can someone please help
thank you
The energy of exactly one photon of this microwave radiation is 1.59 × 10⁻²⁴Joule
Further explanationThe term of package of electromagnetic wave radiation energy was first introduced by Max Planck. He termed it with photons with the magnitude is:
[tex]\large {\boxed {E = h \times f}}[/tex]
E = Energi of A Photon ( Joule )
h = Planck's Constant ( 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ Js )
f = Frequency of Eletromagnetic Wave ( Hz )
The photoelectric effect is an effect in which electrons are released from the metal surface when illuminated by electromagnetic waves with large enough of radiation energy.
[tex]\large {\boxed {E = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 + \Phi}}[/tex]
[tex]\large {\boxed {E = qV + \Phi}}[/tex]
E = Energi of A Photon ( Joule )
m = Mass of an Electron ( kg )
v = Electron Release Speed ( m/s )
Ф = Work Function of Metal ( Joule )
q = Charge of an Electron ( Coulomb )
V = Stopping Potential ( Volt )
Let us now tackle the problem!
Given:
λ = 12.5 cm = 12.5 × 10⁻² m
Unknown:
E = ?
Solution:
[tex]E = h f[/tex]
[tex]E = h \frac{c}{\lambda}[/tex]
[tex]E = 6.63 \times 10^{-34} \frac{3 \times 10^8}{12.5 \times 10^{-2}}[/tex]
[tex]\large {\boxed {E = 1.59 \times 10^{-24} ~ Joule } }[/tex]
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Subject: Physics
Chapter: Quantum Physics
Keywords: Quantum , Photoelectric , Effect , Threshold , Frequency , Electronvolt
The energy of exactly one photon of this microwave radiation is [tex]\boxed{1.584\times10^{-24}\text{ J}}[/tex].
Further Explanation:
Planck’s equation used to solve this question. In the Planck’s equation, the energy of a photon is directly related to the frequency of a photon and inversely related to the wavelength of a photon.
By using Planck’s equation the energy of the one photon can be determined.
The term “Electromagnetic wave radiation energy” was first introduced by the scientist Max Planck.
The light can travel very fast as in the no other thing can travel as faster as light and it’s measures value is approximate [tex]3.0\times{10^8}{\text{ m/s}}[/tex] in vacuum.
The wavelength is the defined as the distance between two consecutive positive peak pointornegative peak point of the wave.
Given:
The wavelength of the energy is [tex]12.5\text{ m}[/tex].
Concept:
The expression for the energy of photon is:
[tex]\boxed{E=\dfrac{{h\cdot c}}{\lambda}}[/tex]
Here, [tex]E[/tex] is the energy of photon, [tex]h[/tex] is the Plank constant, [tex]c[/tex] is the speed of the light and [tex]\lambda[/tex] is the wavelength of the photon.
The value of the Plank constant is [tex]6.6\times{10^{-34}}{\text{ J}\cdot\text{s}}[/tex].
The value of the speed of the light is [tex]3.0\times{10^8}\text{ m/s}[/tex].
Substitute [tex]6.6\times{10^{-34}}{\text{ J}\cdot\text{s}}[/tex] for [tex]h[/tex], [tex]3.0\times{10^8}\text{ m/s}[/tex] for [tex]c[/tex] and [tex]12.5\text{ cm}[/tex] for [tex]\lambda[/tex] in the above equation.
[tex]\begin{aligned}E&=\dfrac{{\left( {6.6 \times {{10}^{ - 34}}{\text{ Js}}} \right) \cdot \left( {3.0 \times {{10}^8}{\text{ m/s}}} \right)}}{{12.5{\text{ cm}}}}\\&=\dfrac{{\left( {6.6 \times {{10}^{ - 34}}{\text{ Js}}} \right) \cdot \left( {3.0 \times {{10}^8}{\text{ m/s}}} \right)}}{{12.5 \times {{10}^{ - 3}}{\text{ m}}}}\\&=1.584 \times {10^{ - 24}}{\text{ J}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]
Therefore, the energy of exactly one photon of this microwave radiation is [tex]\boxed{1.584 \times {10^{ - 24}}{\text{ J}}}[/tex]
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Physics
Chapter: Photoelectric effect
Keywords:
The energy, photon, microwave, radiation, emits, wavelength ,12.5 cm or 0.125 m, 1.59x10^-23 J, speed of light, emission, Plank's constant.
12. A sample of ethylene glycol, used in car radiators, has a mass of 34.8 g. The car releases, 783 J of heat. The initial temperature of the sample is 22.1 0C. What is the final temperature? The specific heat capacity of ethylene glycol is 2.42 (J/g 0C)
...?
To find the final temperature, we can use the equation q = mcΔT, where q is the heat released, m is the mass of the ethylene glycol, c is the specific heat capacity of ethylene glycol, and ΔT is the change in temperature. Plugging in the given values, we can solve for ΔT and then subtract it from the initial temperature to find the final temperature.
Explanation:To find the final temperature, we can use the equation:
q = mcΔT
Where q is the heat released, m is the mass of the ethylene glycol, c is the specific heat capacity of ethylene glycol, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
Plugging in the given values:
34.8 g × 2.42 J/g °C × ΔT = 783 J
Solving for ΔT:
ΔT = 783 J / (34.8 g × 2.42 J/g °C) = 8.93 °C
To find the final temperature, we can subtract ΔT from the initial temperature:
Final temperature = 22.1 °C - 8.93 °C = 13.17 °C
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The final temperature of the ethylene glycol sample is approximately 32.1°C.
To find the final temperature of the ethylene glycol sample, we can use the specific heat capacity formula:
[tex]\[ q = mc\Delta T \][/tex]
Given:
q = 783 J (heat released),
m = 34.8 g (mass of ethylene glycol),
c = 2.42 J/g°C (specific heat capacity of ethylene glycol),
[tex]\( T_{\text{initial}} = 22.1 \)C[/tex] (initial temperature).
We want to find the final temperature [tex]\( T_{\text{final}} \)[/tex]. First, we rearrange the formula to solve for [tex]\( \Delta T \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ \Delta T = \frac{q}{mc} \][/tex]
Now we plug in the given values:
[tex]\[ \Delta T = \frac{783 \text{ J}}{(34.8 \text{ g})(2.42 \text{ J/gC})} \] \[ \Delta T = \frac{783}{34.8 \times 2.42} \] \[ \Delta T \approx \frac{783}{84.336} \] \[ \Delta T \approx 9.28 \][/tex]
The change in temperature [tex]\( \Delta T \)[/tex] is approximately 9.28°C. To find the final temperature, we add the change in temperature to the initial temperature:
[tex]\[ T_{\text{final}} = T_{\text{initial}} + \Delta T \] \[ T_{\text{final}} = 22.1 \text{C} + 9.28 \text{C} \] \[ T_{\text{final}} \approx 31.38 \text{C} \][/tex]
Rounding to one decimal place, the final temperature is approximately 31.4°C. However, to match the precision of the given data, we should round to the same precision as the initial temperature:
[tex]\[ T_{\text{final}} \approx 32.1 \text{C} \][/tex]
Therefore, the final temperature of the ethylene glycol sample is approximately 32.1°C.
A construction worker runs a jack hammer for 1.5 hours. The jack hammer has 2.4 kilowatts of power. How much electrical energy does the construction worker use running the jack hammer?
A. 3.6 kilowatt-hours
B. 3600 kilowatt-hours
C. 0.625 kilowatt-hours
D. 1.6 kilowatt-hours
The energy used by the construction worker running the jackhammer for 1.5 hours, which has a power of 2.4 kilowatts, is calculated as 3.6 kilowatt-hours, which is answer choice A.
The energy used by the construction worker while running the jackhammer can be calculated using the formula for electrical energy, which is:
E = Pt
Where:
E is the energy in kilowatt-hours (kWh),P is the power in kilowatts (kW),t is the time in hours (h).Given:
P = 2.4 kW (power of the jackhammer),t = 1.5 hours (duration of use).Therefore, substituting the values we get:
E = 2.4 kW * 1.5 h = 3.6 kilowatt-hours
The correct answer is A. 3.6 kilowatt-hours.
why do all freely falling objects have the same acceleration
An object has a mass of 8.00 kg. What is the gravitational force on the object by the earth?
The gravitational force (weight) of an 8.00 kg object on Earth is 78.4 N. This is calculated using the formula 'w = mg', with 'g' being the Earth's acceleration due to gravity (9.80 m/s²).
Explanation:The gravitational force exerted on an object by the Earth (also known as the object's weight) can be calculated using the formula w = mg, where m is the mass of the object and g is the acceleration due to gravity. On Earth, the acceleration due to gravity (g) is approximately 9.80 m/s².
For an object with a mass of 8.00 kg, the gravitational force (weight) would be calculated as follows:
w = mg = (8.00 kg)(9.80 m/s²) = 78.4 N
Thus, the Earth exerts a gravitational force of 78.4 N on an object with a mass of 8.00 kg.
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what is junction resistance?
...?
In which state of matter are the particles CLOSEST together?
A)
gas
B)
solid
C)
liquid
D)
plasma
In the solid state of matter, the particles are closest together. Thus, the correct option is B.
What are the states of matter?The state of matter is one of the distinct forms in which the matter can exist in nature. Four states of matter which are observable in the everyday life are solid, liquid, gas, and plasma states.
Solid state of matter is a state in which the particles are packed tightly in space. The constituent particles can be atoms or the solid particles. The intermolecular distances between the solid particles in the lattice are short and hence the forces of attraction between the molecules are strong. Solids are divided into three broad classes which are crystalline, non-crystalline (amorphous), and quasi-crystalline. Crystalline solids have a very high degree of order in a periodic atomic arrangement of molecules.
Therefore, the correct option is B.
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what force is directly related to number of electrons?
Air pressure decreases as
a.
velocity increases.
b.
elevation increases.
c.
acceleration decreases.
d.
gravity increases.
Pressure can be measured in units of
a.
newtons.
b.
newtons per square meter.
c.
newtons per centimeter.
d.
newtons per cubic centimeter.
If a car is traveling westward with a constant velocity of 20m/s, what is the net force acting on the car
Why do magnetic lines of forces make a closed loop?
Sometimes at a child's birthday party someone will rub a balloon on another's head and stick the balloon to the wall. this works because
a.the wall and balloon have the same charge.
b.the balloon has less weight because it has become charged.
c.the balloon discharges current into the wall and the wall becomes charged just like the balloon was.
d.the wall and the balloon have opposite charges and this creates an attractive force between the wall and the balloon.
1. A 12 kg barrel is pulled up by a rope. The barrel accelerates at 1.2 m/s2. Find the force exerted by the rope. Show all your work.
The force will be "14.4 N".
The given values are:
Mass,
m = 12 kg
Acceleration,
a = 1.2 m/s²
As we know the formula,
→ [tex]Force = Mass\times acceleration[/tex]
By substituting the values, we get
→ [tex]=12\times 1.2[/tex]
→ [tex]= 14.4 \ N[/tex]
Thus the above answer is correct.
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One cubic centimeter (1.0 cm3) of water has a mass of 1.0 10-3 kg.
(a) Determine the mass of 1.0 m3 of water ...?
Final answer:
To find the mass of 1.0 m3 of water, we utilize the density of water, which is 1000 kg/m3. By multiplying this with the volume, we determine the mass to be 1000 kg.
Explanation:
To determine the mass of 1.0 m3 of water, we use the known density of water and convert the given volume into the same units for consistency. The density of water is 1 g/cm3, which is equivalent to 1000 kg/m3. Knowing that 1 cubic centimeter (1.0 cm3) of water has a mass of 1.0 × 10-3 kg, and understanding that there are 1,000,000 cm3 in 1 m3, we can find the mass of 1.0 m3 of water.
To calculate the mass, we multiply the density of water by the volume in question. Thus:
Density of water = 1000 kg/m3Volume = 1.0 m3Mass = Density × Volume = 1000 kg/m3 × 1.0 m3 = 1000 kg.Therefore, the mass of 1.0 m3 of water is 1000 kg.