Synthesis is when they are not dividing
Cells not dividing are in the G0 phase, a quiescent state where they remain inactive until certain conditions or signals prompt them to enter the G1 phase; some cells may remain in G0 permanently.
Cells that do not divide, such as mature nerve cells or muscle cells, or cells that divide only under certain conditions, are said to be in the G0 phase (pronounced 'G-zero'). In this phase, cells are in a quiescent (inactive) state, having exited the cell cycle. Certain cells may temporarily enter the G0 phase due to environmental conditions or lack of growth signals, and will only proceed to the G1 phase upon receiving an external trigger. Cells like mature cardiac muscle cells and nerve cells may remain permanently in the G0 phase, ceasing to divide.
Which process in the carbon cycle takes the longest to complete? A. formation of fossil fuels B. respiration in animals C. photosynthesis in plants D. emission of waste
ANSWER:- option A formation of fossil fuels.
Explanation:-
So, the formation of fossil fuels is the phenomena which takes the longest time in the carbon cycle.
Formation of fossil fuels is a process in the carbon cycle that takes the longest time to complete.
How much time taken by fossil fuel formation?Fossils are the remains of organisms that died more than 10,000 years ago so this means that 10,000 years are required for the formation of fossil fuel.
So we can conclude that formation of fossil fuels is a process in the carbon cycle that takes the longest time to complete.
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In most vertebrate neurons, an action potential arrives at the axon terminal and causes the release of chemical messenger molecules. These molecules are
a. ATP.
b. glucose.
c. myelin.
d. neurotransmitters.
e. vesicles.
The correct answer is option d, that is, neurotransmitters.
A neurotransmitter refers to a chemical component, which is discharged at the terminal of a nerve fiber by the introduction of a nerve impulse, and by diffusing across the junction or synapse. It helps in the transfer of the impulse to another muscle fiber, nerve fiber, or some other composition. Acetylcholine is a kind of neurotransmitter, that is, used by neurons in the CNS and the PNS in the control of activities ranging from heart rate and muscle contraction to digestion and memory.
how does light pollution affects the ability to see dim objects in the sky
Hi~~
Human invasive use of outdoor and artificial lightning (AKA light pollution) has made us less able to see the sky and the stars. Light pollution affects our visual abilities to see objects in the sky by altering the colors and contrast of the night-sky, which makes astronomers less able to study the skies.
Light pollution makes it difficult to see dim objects in the night sky by creating a bright glow that obscures stars and other celestial bodies, disrupting astronomical observations and negatively affecting wildlife and human health. This pollution creates a bright glow that obscures not only the beauty of celestial bodies, but also interferes with astronomical observations and makes viewing the Milky Way and other faint objects virtually impossible.
Furthermore, it extends beyond just an astronomical concern as it disrupts the life cycles of animals, including bird migrations, sea turtle reproduction, and nocturnal animal behavior.
The consequences of light pollution include alterations to circadian rhythms, which can impact both human health, increasing the risk of stress, fatigue, anxiety, obesity, and cancer, and animal physiology, which might cause increased vulnerability to diseases.
Large swarms of satellites intending to provide global internet access further exacerbate the issue, as they reflect sunlight and disrupt astronomical research. To combat these negative impacts, initiatives like the International Dark-Sky Association and citizen science projects such as Globe at Night aim to measure light levels and advocate for darker skies. Reducing light pollution is not only about preserving our view of the cosmos but is also an environmental and health concern.
An atom that loses an electron is called a/an ____________.
A.bond
B.anion
C.valence electron
D.cation
Hello there!
The correct answer is option D
The answer: Cation
Have a nice day!
✿ An Atom that Loses an Electron is Called a Cation
Which of the following ions is a polyatomic ion?
Question 3 options:
NH 4 +
F–
Ca 2 +
Cl–
The correct answer is option [tex]NH{{+} \atop {4}} \right.[/tex].
The [tex]NH{{+} \atop {4}} \right.[/tex] is an ion made up of two atoms nitrogen and hydrogen.
The polyatomic ions are those ions, which are formed by the binding of the two or more elements, which has a charge and act as an ion. As all others are formed by a single atom, they are not polyatomic, only [tex]NH{{+} \atop {4}} \right.[/tex] is formed by two atoms, hence, it is an polyatomic ion.
Which of the following is NOT a difference between mitosis and meiosis?
(A)A tetrad is only formed during meiosis.
(B)Recombination only occurs during meiosis.
(C)DNA is duplicated once for mitosis, but twice for meiosis.
(D)Mitosis ends in two diploid cells, while meiosis ends in four haploid cells.
The incorrect statement is that DNA is duplicated twice for meiosis - in both mitosis and meiosis, DNA is duplicated only once before cell division begins.
Explanation:The statement (C) DNA is duplicated once for mitosis, but twice for meiosis is not a difference between mitosis and meiosis. In both processes, DNA is replicated only once, prior to the start of the cell division. The number of divisions and outcomes are what differ between the two. In mitosis, one round of cell division occurs resulting in two genetically identical diploid cells. With meiosis, however, two rounds of cell division occur, resulting in four genetically different haploid cells.
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PLZ HELP FAST NEED HELP 14pts + branliest
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
Ectoderm becomes outer skin and spinal cord.
Endoderm becomes internal organs.
Endoderm becomes bones and muscles.
Mesoderm becomes bones, muscle, and kidneys.
Endoderm becomes bones and muscles is incorrect
Endoderm forms the internal organs
Mesoderm is the one that makes bones and muscles (and kidneys)
Answer:
Endoderm becomes bones and muscles is incorrect
Endoderm forms the internal organs
Explanation:
ah sorry reference the guy above
Which of these best describes Earth’s mantle? (3 points)
Most dense layer, consists of the outer and inner parts
Thinnest under the oceans and thickest under continents
Middle layer, density increases with depth as pressure increases
Least dense layer overall, consists of two layers of different thickness
i think the answer is b
What would be the ploidy of the viable gametes produced by a tetraploid individual if nondisjunction of all chromosomes occurred in meiosis I?
a. Diploid
b. Tetraploid
c. Haploid
d. Triploidraploid individual and a diploid individual produces biologically fit offspring.
A. Diploid
During meiosis, the number of chromosomes is reduced by half. Since a tetraploid cell has four copies of each chromosomes, gametes produced from that cell would be diploid, having only two copies of each chromosome.
Final answer:
Viable gametes produced by a tetraploid individual with nondisjunction of all chromosomes in meiosis I would be diploid, containing two sets of chromosomes. The correct answer is c. Haploid.
Explanation:
The ploidy of the viable gametes produced by a tetraploid individual if nondisjunction of all chromosomes occurred in meiosis I would be diploid. Nondisjunction during meiosis I results in gametes that contain two sets of chromosomes instead of the normal one set (haploid). In the case of a tetraploid organism, which has four sets of chromosomes (4n), nondisjunction would result in gametes with two sets of chromosomes (2n), hence, those gametes are diploid.
Pls help!!! 50 POINTSSSSSSSs
1. pair of identical chromosomes (chromosomes that contain the same genes) from each parent, which all organisms produced by sexual reproduction receive
2. period between two periods of mitosis
3. the process involving the division of the nucleus in a reproductive cell; cell division in which the daughter cells have fewer chromosomes than the parent cell; responsible for genetic recombination
4. the stage in the first meiotic division in which the homologous chromosomes line up as a pair, forming a tetrad of chromatids at the equator of the cell
5. the stage in the second meiotic division in which the chromatid pair lines up at the equator of the cell
interphase
metaphase I
meiosis
metaphase II
homologous pair
Correct matches are:
1. pair of identical chromosomes (chromosomes that contain the same genes) from each parent, which all organisms produced by sexual reproduction receive -- Homologous pair
2. period between two periods of mitosis -- Interphase
3. the process involving the division of the nucleus in a reproductive cell; cell division in which the daughter cells have fewer chromosomes than the parent cell; responsible for genetic recombination -- Meiosis
4. the stage in the first meiotic division in which the homologous chromosomes line up as a pair, forming a tetrad of chromatids at the equator of the cell -- Metaphase 1
5. the stage in the second meiotic division in which the chromatid pair lines up at the equator of the cell -- Metaphase 2
Answer:
1. homologous pair
2. Interphase
3. Meiosis
4. Metaphase I
5. Metaphase II
Explanation:
1. Homologous chromosomes are similar but non-identical chromosomes received from each parent. The pair of chromosomes are similar in the sense that they contain the same genes but non-identical because they may contain different alleles. Each pair is contributed by each parent.
2. Interphase is regarded as the resting stage of the cell cycle. It is the stage where the cell is not dividing but rather preparing for the next round of division, hence, it is the between stage of two successive divisions. It consists of three stages G1, S and G2 stages. These three stage generally involves cell enlargement, DNA replication, and organnelles replication etc.
3. Meiosis is a kind of division that results in four daughter cells with each having a reduced number of chromosomes (by half) as the parent cell. Meiosis is the cell division employed by sexually-reproducing organisms to produce gametes (sperm and egg). Meiosis also increases the chance of genetic diversity due to the crossing-over or recombination that occurs in its prophase stage.
4. Since meiosis reduces the chromosomal number, it occurs in a two-step division process viz: Meiosis I and II. In the prophase stage of meiosis I, homologous chromosomes from each parent lies side by side to form a TETRAD or BIVALENT structure. These TETRAD structure is later aligned at the equator of the cell by the spindle microtubules. Note that, homologous chromosomes separate during meiosis I.
5. In meiosis II, sister chromatids, which are replicated chromosomes align at the equator of the cell during the Metaphase stage. This makes meiosis II similar to mitosis because sister chromatids are involved. Note that, sister chromatids separate during meiosis II.
Plants show determinate growth, whereas animals show indeterminate growth.
A) true
B) false
Which of the following statements is false?
Question 14 options:
a. Mutations do not occur in hox genes.
b. Hox genes that are found in different animals are very different from each other.
c. Hox genes control the normal development of an animal.
d. Hox genes occur in clusters.
Mutations can occur in hox genes, making this statement false.
Explanation:The false statement among the given options is a. Mutations do not occur in hox genes.
Hox genes are highly conserved genes that encode transcription factors and play a crucial role in determining the body plan and development of an animal. They are found in clusters and control the normal development of an animal. Although mutations can occur in hox genes, they are generally important for the proper development and organization of body segments and appendages. Therefore, the statement that mutations do not occur in hox genes is false.
A factory throws its waste in the nearby river in a certain area. A social activist group pointed out that the plants in this area are affected. Many of the plants have yellow leaves, and leaf abscission is frequent. The plants are fading very quickly. Which mineral is present in excess amounts in the factory that is causing these impacts on the plants?
Firstly, why does yellowing of leaf tissue occurs? It occurs because of lack of chlorophyll. These phenomenon is called chlorosis. The reason for chlorosis can be many like poor drainage, damaged roots, compacted roots, high alkalinity, and nutrient deficiencies in the plant.
The condition described here indicates presence of certain minerals like calcium, zinc, manganese, phosphorus, or copper in high amounts in the soil which tie up with iron making it unavailable to plant. Iron is necessary for the formation of chlorophyll (which gives green color) and is also necessary for many enzymes involved in plant metabolism. Chlorosis is mostly associated with lack of iron.
Final answer:
The excess mineral causing impacts on the plants is most likely metals such as lead, cadmium, and chromium, which enter the environment through industrial activities like mining and metallurgy. These toxic metals can contaminate the soil and water, making them acidic and affecting the plants.
Explanation:
The excess mineral that is causing impacts on the plants in the area is most likely metals, such as lead, cadmium, and chromium, which can enter the environment through industrial activities like mining and metallurgy.
These toxic metals, when present in excess amounts in the nearby river, can contaminate the soil and water, making them acidic. The acidic soil and water then affect the plants, causing yellowing of leaves, frequent leaf abscission, and fading of the plants.
This is similar to the effect of acid rain on plants and the environment, where the acid rain makes the soil and water acidic, leading to damage to plants, aquatic life, and structures.
Which of the following statements about hemoglobin is TRUE?
a. For any given O2 partial pressure, the oxygen saturation for hemoglobin is higher than for myoglobin.
b. The binding of oxygen to a hemoglobin molecule diminishes the binding of additional oxygen to the same hemoglobin molecule.
c. The glycolysis intermediate, BPG (2,3-bisphosphoglycerate) raises the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin, which is essential in enabling hemoglobin to unload oxygen in tissue capillaries.
d. Oxyhemoglobin (that is, hemoglobin bound to oxygen) and deoxyhemoglobin differ markedly in quaternary structure.
e. The affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen depends on pH and CO2. Both H+ and CO2 inhibit the release of bound oxygen.
Answer:
The statements about hemoglobin that are true are the following:
d. Oxyhemoglobin (that is, hemoglobin bound to oxygen) and deoxyhemoglobin differ markedly in quaternary structure.
Explanation:
The structure of deoxyhemoglobin called T state, on the other side oxyhemoglobin is called R state. And these characteristics make it easier to pass from one to the other because the process is an interaction between the 1b1 and the 2b2 dimers that make them rotate and bind strongly. If those structures and natures wouldn't exist, they wouldn't be able to change from one to the other. But is because they are different that they can.
The correct statement is “The affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen depends on pH and [tex]CO_2[/tex]. Both [tex]H^+[/tex] and [tex]CO_2[/tex] inhibit the release of bound oxygen”, option e is correct.
Hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen is affected by factors such as pH and the concentration of carbon dioxide ([tex]CO_2[/tex]) in the blood. When carbon dioxide dissolves in the blood, it forms carbonic acid ([tex]H_2CO_3[/tex]), which releases hydrogen ions ([tex]H^+[/tex]) and can lead to a decrease in pH (acidity). This decrease in pH is known as the Bohr effect.
Lower pH (higher acidity) and higher levels of [tex]CO_2[/tex] can cause hemoglobin to release oxygen more readily in tissues where oxygen is needed, such as during exercise. This phenomenon is important in efficiently delivering oxygen from the bloodstream to active tissues, option e is correct.
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When kelp plants in coral reefs are exposed to sunlight, blue and red wavelengths of light are absorbed by the kelp. Energy from green wavelengths is lost to the kelp. Explain why this phenomenon does not violate the Law of Conservation of Energy.
A. Kelp are a closed system, so energy is allowed to exit the system.
B. The green wavelengths are reflected from the kelp, making them appear green.
C. Green wavelengths do not contain any energy, so its loss is acceptable.
D.The Law of Conservation of Energy does not apply to biological systems.
Answer:
Option B, The green wavelengths are reflected from the kelp, making them appear green.
Explanation:
All green organisms (including plants) contains chlorophyll and thus they have a tendency to reflect green light which make them appear green. Green plant absorbs light from the blue and red light zones of visible light spectrum to carry out light reactions of photosynthesis and convert this light energy into chemical energy (food).
When the green light is reflected, the amount of energy absorbed/used by plant is zero and hence there is no violation of Law of Conservation of Energy as no energy is being used in this case.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B The green wavelengths are reflected from the kelp, making them appear green.
Which processes support the relationship between sediments and sedimentary rock in the rock cycle? Check all that apply. Sediments accumulate and combine. Sediments undergo heat and pressure. Sedimentary rock weathers and erodes. Sediments compact and cement together. Sedimentary rock experiences cooling and melting.
Sediments are rocks that undergo cycles which is 1: they combine and accumulate. 2: They go through weather and erode. 3: They compact and cement. Hope this helps, you're welcome
Answer: Sediments accumulate and combine
Sedimentary rocks weathers and erode
Sediments compact and cement together
When the weathering and erosion of the rocks occurs sediments are formed. These sediments accumulate and combine in different stratified layers to form the sedimentary rocks under pressure. These sediments gets cemented and the particles compact to obtain a solid physical appearance of the rock. These sedimentary rocks when exposed to weathering agents like wind, air and chemicals gets weathered and eroded again into sediments.
Nutrients that become part of the body tissue but are needed in only small amounts to help the body work properly are ?
the answer is minerals are nutrients that become part of the body tissue and are needed that help the body work properly.
1. How would the temperature changes in the atmosphere enough to affect the hydrosphere lithosphere and bisophere
How would I study for a Biology Test tomorrow that I am struggling in? I am doing Plants and Cells Unit and I want to pass this but its just so hard to understand everything, any way to study for this more efficiently?
Which agents must be present for cementation to occur? Check all that apply.
minerals
water
heat
sediment
animals and plants
Answer:
The correct answer would be mineral, water, and sediments.
In geology, cementation refers to the last stage of the rock cycle in which the sediments are hardened and welded through precipitation of mineral matters in the pores available.
The process of precipitation requires the ions carried by underground water.
Therefore, water, mineral, and sediments are essential for the process of cementation.
Estimate the number of cells that belong to each phase of the cell cycle
There are two ways to do this. You could actually learn the phases and count each one. Since you're posting here, it's a safe bet you have no intention of actually learning the material. The second is to estimate based on the total number of cells. At any given time, you will have approximately the following percentages for each phase of the cell cycle:
Interphase - 96%
Prophase - 2.5%
Metaphase - .5%
Anaphase - .5%
Telophase - .5%
In the picture, there are about 120 cells. Now you have to do a little 5th grade math to calculate the approximate mumbers of each phase. So, for Interphase, we multiply 120 x .96 = 115. For Prophase we multiply 120 x .025 = 3. For Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase, we multiply 120 x .005 = .6, which rounds up to 1 each. Now, as I specified, these numbers are approximate. Looking at the picture, I count three that are in Metaphase, two that are in Anaphase, and at least three in Telophase. And there are more than three in Prophase. The best way to figure this out is to print the picture and, using a guide from the internet, count the cells in each phase, marking them off as you count them so that you don't recount them. Good Luck!
The number of cells in each phase of the cell cycle varies. In a 24-hour cell cycle in rapidly dividing human cells, the G₁ phase lasts about 11 hours, S phase lasts about 6-7 hours, G₂ phase lasts about 4-5 hours, and M phase lasts about 1-2 hours. Cells in specific conditions or stages of life may spend different durations in these phases.
Explanation:The number of cells that belong to each phase of the cell cycle can indeed vary; it usually depends on the specific type of cell and the organism in which these cells are found. In rapidly dividing human cells with a 24-hour cell cycle, the G₁ phase lasts approximately 11 hours. This means that, for a considerable amount of the cell cycle, cells are in the G₁ phase. Following this, the time a cell spends in each of the subsequent phases can be estimated as: S phase - approximately 6-7 hours, G₂ phase - approximately 4-5 hours, and M phase (Mitosis) - approximately 1-2 hours. In certain cells such as human embryonic cells, the cell cycle is shorter, while in specialized cells like neurons, cells remain in the Go phase, essentially a 'resting phase', for an entire lifetime.
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GENETICS (Refer to the following information to answer this question):
A horticulturalist wants to produce geraniums with specific characteristics. she knows that the trait of red flowers is governed by the allele R(RR and Rr) and the trait of the white flower is governed by the allele r(rr).
The horticulturalist plans to cross a geranium that i true-breeding for red flowers that is true-breeding for white flowers. Which punnett square best describes this cross?
A)
_| R | r |
R| RR | Rr |
r| Rr | rr |
B)
_| r | r |
R| Rr | Rr |
r | rr | rr |
C)
_| r | r |
R| Rr | Rr |
R| Rr | Rr |
Answer:C
The true breed red flower's genottype is RR and for white flower is rr. So horticulturalist plans to cross a geranium that is true breeding for red color and for white color will best describe by the cross between RR and rr.
r r
R Rr Rr
R Rr Rr
Answer:
C
Explanation:
The horticulturist is trying to perform a monohybrid cross involving a single gene coding for flower colour in geranium. The allele for red flower (R) is dominant over the allele for the white flower (r) because in an heterozygous state (Rr), the red allele masks the expression of the white allele.
The horticulturist crosses a truebreeding red-flowered geranium with a white-flowered geranium.
Note that, a true breeding plant is a plant that is genetically identical and have identical alleles for a specific trait (flower color in this case). Hence, the alleles of a truebreeding plant is homozygous i.e. same allele
Therefore a truebreeding red-flowered geranium will possess the genotype RR, while a truebreeding white-flowered geranium will have the genotype rr. In a cross using a punnet square, RR will produce gametes R, R while rr will produce gametes r, r.
All the offsprings as seen in the punnet square will possess the genotype Rr, which is heterozygous and phenotypically red-flowered
which of these would you expect to find in a bog
A. pink-flowering goat's foot
B. juniper tree
C. drought-tolerant shrub
D. peat
Answer:
D. peat
Explanation:
Bogs are the areas that can considered as wetlands due to the presence of spongy, wet and peaty soil.
These bog areas can broadly be classified into three types:
1) typical bogs of cool regions:
Here bog mosses are abundant along with heaths and Sphagnum specie.
2) fens:
Here grasses, reeds, sedges and grass like plants are frequently found.
3) tropical tree bogs:
Here almost all area is covered with peat and the dead remains of trees.
So overall we can say that almost every bog land accumulates peat but the amount can vary from one type of bog to another.
what is peat?
The word peat refers to the deposition of dead organic plant materials and they can also be majorly sphagnum moss or some other types of mosses.
Hope it helps!
The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is
A) light energy.
B) kinetic energy.
C) thermal energy.
D) chemical energy.
E) ATP.
the answer is ( light energy. )
The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is ; ( A ) Light energy.
The primary producers in an ecosystem are mainly green plants and green algae because of their ability to trap sunlight and undergo photosynthesis with water and CO₂ present in the atmosphere.
The main source of energy for primary producers is the energy emanating from a light source ( light energy ) which they use to produce their food.
Hence we can conclude that The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is Light energy.
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please help with this for brainliest !!
the answer is c: mutualism
the answer is C at least i think
During replication, the function of the enzyme DNA polymerase is to
a.
bind nucleotides together.
b.
send messages.
c.
receive messages.
d.
locate replication sites.
it would be bind nucleotides together so therefore the answer is a
PLEASE HELP NOW!!!!!
What best explains why there are over three times as many codons as there are amino acids?
A. Most codons are stop codons.
B. Most amino acids are coded for by more than one codon.
C. Most codons do not code for anything.
D. Most amino acids require a sequence of multiple codons.
The start codon designates the beginning of translation into a protein sequence, and the stop codon designates the end of translation. Thus, option B is correct.
What are the codon roles in protein formation?Any of the 64 distinct DNA sequences of three consecutive nucleotides that either encode information for the creation of a particular amino acid.
Act as a stop signal to end translation, are referred to as codons in genetics (protein synthesis).
A stop codon signals to the ribosome and transfer DNA that the process is complete, and the new polypeptide chain can now be released.
If transfer DNA and ribosomes are still a mystery to you, keep reading, otherwise navigate to the protein synthesis page. Without stop codons, an organism cannot produce certain proteins.
Therefore, more than one codon codes for the majority of amino acids.
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Which of the following could you treat with an antibiotic?
A Mumpls, measles
B german measles
C Staphylococcus and Streptococcus bacterial infection
D HIV, genital herpes
E common cold, influenza
A population with a higher death rate than birth rate may still have positive growth. This statement is
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Although overall, birth rate and death rate play a major role in determining the population of an area however there are many other factors too which influence the population of an area. These factors are :
ImmigrationEmigrationImmigration means the number of people from an other area coming to another area whose population is under study. For example: We are talking about a country Antarctica where population has a higher death rate than birth rate. However, every year millions immigrants come there to spend the life. therefore, even if death rate is higher than birth rate, the overall growth of the population can be positive.Emigration means the number of people leaving an area of whose population is studied. So if emigration rate of such a population is very low and immigration rate is very high, then even if death rate is higher than birth rate, the overall growth of the population can be positive.Hope it help!
What effect can mutations have on a virus?
They allow it to make its own proteins.
They help it make more copies of its DNA.
They produce changes in its organelles.
They create genetic variations.
They create genetic variations.
Answer:
They create genetic variations.
Explanation:
Viruses have very different organism forms, since they do not have cells, but all have a capsule made of protein, where is the genetic material of these beings. This genetic material undergoes modifications, ie mutations, often leading to the emergence of varieties (subtypes) of the same virus, ie, these mutations create genetic variations. This makes it difficult to combat and compromises the effectiveness of various vaccines, which are prepared to combat specific types of microorganism. The ability to mutate genes is one of the characteristics that viruses have in common with living things.