State three reasons that Visual Basic is one of the most widely used programming languages in the world.

Answer:

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Final answer:

To compare printers, one must evaluate initial costs and operating expenses for paper, toner, and maintenance. For lower print volumes, an inkjet may be cost-effective, but for higher volumes, a laser printer usually offers better long-term savings, with multi-function printers adding more utility.

Explanation:

To compare the features, initial purchase price, and two-year operating costs of three different color laser printers and inkjet printers, we need to consider several factors. For laser printers, the costs would include the initial cost, and operating costs like paper, cartridges, and toner. For inkjet printers, the costs include the initial cost, ink cartridges, and paper. Operating costs can be significantly influenced by the frequency of printing. We'll also need to anticipate the cost of maintenance and repairs for both types of printers.

Considering the provided printing volumes of 50 color pages and 100 black-and-white pages per month for a low usage scenario, and then 250 color pages and 500 black-and-white pages per month for a high usage scenario, a clear pattern emerges. Laser printers, although more expensive upfront, tend to have lower per-page costs and are more economical for larger print volumes. Conversely, inkjet printers are less expensive initially but can have higher operating costs due to the cost of ink replacements, especially with higher print volumes.

Given these factors, for a lower volume of printing, an inkjet printer might be more cost-effective despite the higher cost of ink. However, for higher volumes, a laser printer is likely to be more cost-efficient in the long run due to the lower cost of toner and its better capability to handle higher volumes efficiently. Additionally, multi-function printers offer added value by combining printing with scanning, faxing, and copying capabilities.

Answer:

The cross sectional area in mm2 is 7.07[tex]mm^{2}[/tex]

The cross sectional area in cm2 is 0.0707[tex]cm^{2}[/tex]

Explanation:

The cross-sectional area (a) of the wire is given by;

a = [tex]\pi[/tex] x [tex]\frac{d^{2} }{4}[/tex]

where d is the diameter of the cross section = 3.00mm

1 => To find the cross-sectional area in [tex]mm^{2}[/tex], substitute the value of d = 3.00mm into the equation above as follows;

a = [tex]\pi[/tex] x [tex]\frac{3.00^{2} }{4}[/tex]

Taking [tex]\pi[/tex] to be [tex]\frac{22}{7}[/tex] we have;

a = [tex]\frac{22}{7}[/tex] x [tex]\frac{3.00^{2} }{4}[/tex]

a = 7.07[tex]mm^{2}[/tex]

2 => To find the cross-sectional area in [tex]cm^{2}[/tex], first convert the diameter in mm to cm as follows;

3.00mm = 0.3cm

Now, substitute the value of d = 0.3cm into the equation above as follows;

a = [tex]\pi[/tex] x [tex]\frac{0.3^{2} }{4}[/tex]

Taking [tex]\pi[/tex] to be [tex]\frac{22}{7}[/tex] we have;

a = [tex]\frac{22}{7}[/tex] x [tex]\frac{0.3^{2} }{4}[/tex]

a = 0.0707[tex]cm^{2}[/tex]

Final answer:

The cross-sectional area of the wire is approximately 0.07069 mm² in mm² and 0.0007069 cm² in cm².

Explanation:

To calculate the cross-sectional area of the wire in mm2, we can use the formula for the area of a circle:

A = πr2

Since the diameter of the wire is given as 3.00mm, the radius is half of that, which is 1.50mm. Converting mm to cm, the radius becomes 0.15cm. Plugging this value into the area formula, we get:

A = π(0.15cm)2

A ≈ 0.07069 cm2

To calculate the cross-sectional area of the wire in cm2, we can simply convert the area in mm2 to cm2. Since 1 cm is equal to 10 mm, we divide the area in mm2 by 100:

A in cm2 ≈ 0.07069 cm2 ÷ 100

A ≈ 0.0007069 cm2

Answer:

The correct answer is letter "C": Highly centralized.

Explanation:

Jointness is a strategy of the Department of Defense (DoD) in the attempt of combining efforts between the U.S. Military Forces in all stages of operations. With this approach, the Army, Navy, and Air Forces would share resources to help each other while each body would keep its own management.

Answer:

theSentence = input('Enter sentence: ')

theSentence = theSentence.split()

sentence_split_list =[]

for word in theSentence:

  sentence_split_list.append(word[1:]+word[0]+'ay')

sentence_split_list = ' '.join(sentence_split_list)

print(sentence_split_list)

Explanation:

Using the input function in python Programming language, the user is prompted to enter a sentence. The sentence is splited and and a new list is created with this statements;

theSentence = theSentence.split()

sentence_split_list =[ ]

In this way every word in the sentence becomes an element in this list and individual operations can be carried out on them

Using the append method and list slicing in the for loop, every word in the sentence is converted to a PIG LATIN

The attached screenshot shows the code and output.

Answer:

3 select inputs are required to select a specific input between 5 inputs.

Explanation:

Multiplexer is used to select the inputs from different inputs to a single output. There are many types of multiplexers for different number of inputs selection. 1. 2x1 is the type of multiplexer where 2 inputs and 1 output. This is used to select between these inputs. There is one more pin to select the input between these two inputs that is called select input.

2. Another type is 4x1 multiplexer. There are 4 inputs and one output. In this type of multiplexer 2 select pins are used for selection of input bits between these 4 inputs.

For more than 4 inputs and less than 8 inputs, 8x1 multiplexer is used. this multiplexer uses three inputs for selection purpose.

Answer:

False

Explanation:

Proprietary networks are those that are privately and exclusively managed, controlled and even owned by some organizations.

Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are companies that provide internet access services to companies and consumer products. They allow devices to connect to the internet. They offer much more than just internet access. They also offer related services such as email access, web development and virtual hosting.

ISPs can be open source or proprietary. They could be owned by a community, a firm and even non-profit organizations.

Answer: Phreaker

Explanation:

Phreaker is defined as the unauthorized attack on  authorized communication system for stealing and manipulation phone networks.

Answer:  Following code is in C++

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int sumArray(int a[])  //take array as argument

{

   int s=0,i;

   for(i=0;i<5;i++)

       s+=a[i];  //sums every element

   return s;

}

int main() {

   int sum,a[]={1,7,4,9,6};

   sum=sumArray(a);   //calling the function

   cout<<"Sum of array is : "<<sum;   //printing sum to console

return 0;

}

OUTPUT :

Sum of array is : 27

Explanation:

In the above mentioned code, an array is declared and initialized at the same time. A variable sum of int type stores sum returned the function sumArray() and then it is printed to the console. In the function sumArray(), a variable s of data type int is initialized with value 0 and a loop is executed in which every element of the array is added. At last, s is returned.

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Storage or memory devices are simply used for storing data and information either permanently or just for a short time. These devices could be internal or external to the system that uses them. They can either be primary storage devices or secondary storage devices. Examples of the storage devices are;

i. Flash drives  --- Secondary storage

ii. CDs    --- Secondary storage

iii. External disks  --- Secondary storage

iv. SD card (Secure Digital card)  --- Secondary storage

v. RAM (Random Access Memory)  --- Primary storage

vi. ROM (Read Only Memory)  ---  Primary Storage

Final answer:

The directive used to define a 64-bit IEEE long real is 'REAL8', which is used in assembly language programming to allocate 8 bytes of storage for double-precision floating-point numbers. The correct answer is option (b).

Explanation:

You asked which directive is used when defining 64-bit IEEE long reals. The correct option is b. REAL8. This directive is specific to assembly language programming where different 'REAL' types are used to define floating-point numbers of various sizes.

A 64-bit IEEE long real, which is also known as a double-precision floating-point number, is defined with the REAL8 directive in most assemblers. It reserves 8 bytes of memory and can represent very large or very small numbers, much larger or smaller than what can be represented by a single-precision floating-point defined by REAL4 (which reserves 4 bytes).

Answer:

Option (A)

Explanation:

In the post order traversal, we always print left subtree, then right subtree and then the root of the tree. In preorder traversal, First the root is printed, then, left subtree and at last, right subtree, so, the first element in preorder is the root of the tree and we can find elements of left sub tree from in order as all the elements written left to the root will of left subtree and similarly the right one. This is how repeating it will give the post order traversal.

Answer:

The correct answer to the following question will be Option A (d e b f g c a).

Explanation:

In the given question the binary tree is missing, so the question is incomplete. The complete question will be:

                            a

                        /         \

                     b             c

                 /       \        /     \

               d         e    f         g

Now coming to the answer:

In this tree we are applying the post order algorithm for traversing the tree is given below:

Step 1: Go to the left-subtree.

Step 2: Go to the right-subtree.

Step 3: Print the data.

The root 'a' is follow the algorithm Post order After applying the algorithm it comes to the node 'b', 'b' is also follow the Post order algorithm then it comes to 'd', after applying the algorithm Post order it prints 'd'. Similarly all the node follow the same algorithm .

A database's main function is to help one understand the complexities of the real-world environment.

Answer:

c. This is not plagiarism

Explanation:

The student mentions the author when he says "Like Eistein before him, Hawkings has established..."

When yo cite or mention the author of the original text and you paraphrase what he is saying, is not plagiarism, because the reader knows where the author took the idea originally from.

In consequence, when citing the author, the student isn´t making plagiarism.

Final answer:

The student's work constitutes paraphrasing plagiarism because it rephrases the original ideas and maintains the same sentence structure without appropriate attribution.

Explanation:

The student version in question shows signs of paraphrasing plagiarism. This occurs when the sentence structure and the central ideas of the original source material are kept intact while only some words are changed or synonyms are used. In this case, the student has rephrased the original text without proper attribution, maintaining the same structure and ideas presented by the original author about free will and physics but has not credited the source, leading to paraphrasing plagiarism.

Answer: read, write and modify

Explanation:

Answer:

2.    int i; for (i = 0; i <= arr.length; i++) { System.out.println(arr[i]); }

3. for (int i : arr) { System.out.println(i); }

second and third code segments print the same output.

Explanation:

In first code segment, while loop starts printing from arr[0] and it continues till the second last element of the the array as in statement of while loop i<arr.length. Which print till arr[length - 1].

In second code, for loop starts from 0 and ends at the last element of the array. which prints from arr[0] to arr[length].

In third code segment, it also print from arr[0] to arr[length]. In this case      for (int i : arr)  means start from first value of array and continues till last element of the array.

Answer:

The source code and output is attached.

I hope it will help you!

Explanation:

The combined resistance of three resistors connected in parallel is calculated using the formula Rt = 1 / (1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3), and in this case, the equivalent resistance is 2 ohms.

The student's question pertains to the calculation of the combined resistance of three resistors connected in parallel. The provided equation shows how to calculate the total resistance of a parallel circuit. If we define R1, R2, and R3 as the resistance values of the three resistors, we can then use the formula Rt = 1 / (1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3) to find the equivalent resistance. To illustrate, let's assume that R1 is 4 ohms, R2 is 6 ohms, and R3 is 12 ohms. Applying the formula, we calculate the combined resistance (Rt) as follows: Rt = 1 / (1/4 + 1/6 + 1/12) = 1 / (0.25 + 0.1667 + 0.0833) = 1 / 0.5 = 2 ohms. Hence, the equivalent resistance of the three resistors connected in parallel is 2 ohms.

Answer:

#include <stdio.h>// header file

int main() // main function definition

{

   int number; // variable declaration

   scanf("%d",&number); // user input for number

   if(number%2==0) // check the number to even.

   printf("Number is a even number"); // print the message for true value

   else

   printf("Number is a odd number"); // print the message for false value.

   return 0; // return statement.

}

Output:

Explanation:

An app can be written to determine whether an integer is odd or even using the remainder operator in programming.

To write an app that determines whether an integer is odd or even, you can use the remainder operator in programming. Here's an example in C++:

In the above code, the remainder operator % is used to check if the num variable is divisible by 2. If the remainder is 0, then the number is even; otherwise, it is odd.

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#SPJ11

Here is the C++ program to swap the values of two integers. However, let me know if you require the program in some other programming language.

#include <iostream>  

/*include is preprocessor directive that directs preprocessor to iostream header file that contains input output functions */

using namespace std;  

// namespace is used by computer to identify cout endl cin

void swapInts(int* no1, int* no2) {

/*function swapInts definition which swaps two integer values having pointer type parameters */

  int temp;   //temporary variable to hold the integer values

  temp = *no1;  // holds the value at address of no1

  *no1 = *no2;  //places no2 to no1

  *no2 = temp;    }  //places no2 to temp variable which is holding no1

int main()  // enters body of the main function

{   int num1;  //declares variable num1 of integer type

  int num2;  //declares variable num2 of integer type

  cout << "Enter two integer values:" << endl;  

// prompts the user to input two integer values

  cin>>num1;   // reads input value of num1

  cin>>num2;  // reads input value of num2

  cout<<"The original value of num1 before swapping is = "<<num1<<endl;

/*displays the original value of integer in num1 variable before calling swapInts function*/

  cout<<"The original value of num2 before swapping is = "<<num2<<endl;

/*displays the original value of integer in num2 variable before calling swapInts function*/

  swapInts(&num1, &num2);  

/*function call to swapInts()) function and here &num1 is address of num1  variable and &num2 is address of num2 variable */

  cout << "The swapped value of num1 is = " << num1 << endl;

//displays the value of num1 after swapping

  cout << "The swapped value of num2 is = " << num2 << endl;   }      

  //displays the value of num2 integer after swapping

Enter two integer values:

3

5

The original value of num1 before swapping is = 3

The original value of num2 before swapping is = 5

The swapped value of num1 is = 5

The swapped value of num2 is = 3

This  swapInts(&num1, &num2); statement calls the function swapInts() by passing the addresses of variables num1 and num2 in function call instead of the values of variables.

In simple words the function is called by passing values by pointer.  For this purpose the symbol & is used which is called reference operator which is used to assign address of the variables.

So this method is called passing by pointer, which means that address of an actual argument in call to the function is copied to the formal parameters of the called function. The passed argument also gets changed with the change made to the formal parameter.

In void swapInts(int* no1, int* no2) statement no1 holds the address of num1 and no2 holds the address of num2. Also *no1 and *no2 give value stored at addresses num1 and num2.

So to obtain the value which is stored in these addresses, dereference operator "*" is being used with pointer variables *no1 and *no2.

The address of num1 and num2 is passed to this function instead of the values of num1 and num2

Now if any changes are made to *no1 and *no2 this will affect the value of num1 and num2 and their value will be changed too.

Answer:

The correct answer should be: "Besides many important topics, 'privacy policies' and 'technology ethics" are two mandatory ones for security education and training".

Explanation:

'Privacy policies' concerning technology is a key for technologies reliability and functionality nowadays for they are patterns to better organize, normatize, and outline how they must work and which are their limits, possibilities, advantages, and disadvantages for technology users. 'Technology ethics' are principles, perspectives, values, and foundations that govern and maintain technology organizations in a reliable and ethical state. All organizations must take care of their employees and educate them concerning their working foundations, policies, and organization. Employees must follow them in order to develop and implement their working foundations and make all things improve and work properly. There are many other topics to be included in security education and training, but these two are the most important ones and must not be left off.

(ps: mark as brainliest, please?!)

Answer:

C and D where the property name as described in the question is Objectivename.AccessLevel.

Explanation:

The answer to the question asked are C which implies that Objective.AccessLevel="All" and D which implies that the Objectivename.AccessLevel="None"

It is good to also know and understand that the narrative in the question and answer to the question are terms used in the Apex sharing sales force.

A share object includes records supporting all three types of sharing: managed sharing, user managed sharing, and Apex managed sharing. Sharing granted to users implicitly through organization-wide defaults, the role hierarchy, and permissions such as the “View All” and “Modify All” permissions for the given object, “View All Data,” and “Modify All Data” are not tracked with this object.

It should also be understood that :

The level of access that the specified user or group has been granted for a share sObject. The name of the property is AccessLevel appended to the object name. For example, the property name for OperateShare object is OperateShareAccessLevel. where valid values are usually,Edit , Read , All

Answer:

(a) 58

(b) 447

(c) 16534

Explanation:

Since these integers are in hexadecimal format, it is worthy to know or note that;

A => 10

B => 11

C => 12

D => 13

E => 14

F => 15

Therefore, using these, let's convert the following to decimal:

(a) 3A = 3 x [tex]16^{1}[/tex] + 10 x [tex]16^{0}[/tex]

=> 3A = 48 + 10

=> 3A = 58 (in decimal)

(b) 1BF = 1 x [tex]16^{2}[/tex] + 11 x [tex]16^{1}[/tex] + 15 x [tex]16^{0}[/tex]

=> 1BF = 256 + 176 + 15

=> 1BF = 447 (in decimal)

(c) 4096 = 4 x [tex]16^{3}[/tex] + 0 x [tex]16^{2}[/tex] + 9 x [tex]16^{1}[/tex] + 6 x [tex]16^{0}[/tex]

=> 4096 = 4 x 4096 + 0 + 144 + 6

=> 4096 = 16534 (in decimal)

Note:

Do not forget that any number greater than zero, when raised to the power of zero gives 1.

For example,

[tex]4^{0}[/tex] = 1

[tex]59^{0}[/tex] = 1

Answer:

B. string -> (int -> int)

Explanation:

We are going to perform comparison operations '->'. It is important to notice that the comparison operation gives us a bool value (True or False) and the comparison operation is legal if and only if the data types to be compared are the same.

Example:

int(4)->int(5) False

int(4)->int(4) True

int(4)->string(4) Error, data types don't match

For this reason:

Note:

The operations inside parentheses are evaluated first.

List is a type by itself regardless of its content.

Answer:

program:

person_name = input() #input for the name of the person.

person_age = int(input()) #input for the age of the person and convert it into int.

print("In 5 years "+ person_name+" will be "+str(person_age+5)+".") # print the string.

Output:

Explanation:

The program is meant to be completed in Python. The complete program where comments are used to explain each line is as follows:

#This gets input for first name

person_name = input()

#This gets input for whole number

person_age = int(input())

#This prints the string generated

print('In 5 years,', person_name,'will be',(5+person_age))

The last line of the code uses string concatenation to join the strings before printing the output string

Learn more about python programs at:

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Answer:

public class Assignment {

   public static void main (String [] args) {

       char letterToQuit;

       int  numPresses;

       letterToQuit = '?';

       numPresses = 2;

       System.out.println("Press the " + letterToQuit +

       " key " + numPresses + " times to quit.");

   }

}

Explanation:

Using the Java Programming Language we implement a simple solution. Firstly you declare and assign values to the two variables needed for the program.

letterToQuit of type char and numPresses of type int We assigned the values '?' and 2 respectively to the variables, then using string concatenation the output Press the ? key 2 times to quit. is displayed with the System.out.println function

To print a message instructing the user to press a specific key a certain number of times to quit, use Python's print function with string formatting. For example, if letterToQuit is 'q' and numPresses is 2, the code will print: Press the q key 2 times to quit.

Printing a Custom Message in Python

To print a message that tells a user to press a specific key a certain number of times to quit, you can use Python's print function. Here is how you can do it step-by-step:

Here's an example Python code:

In this example, if letterToQuit is 'q' and numPresses is 2, the output will be:

Press the q key 2 times to quit.

This simple code illustrates the basic usage of string formatting and the print function in Python, making it easy to provide clear instructions to a user.

Answer:

Relational Schema refers to meta-data elements which are used to describe structures and constraints of data representing a particular domain. A relation abide of a heading and a body. A heading is a set of attributes. A body is a set of n-tuples. The heading of the relation is also the heading of each of its tuples.

Explanation:

Defination of relation:

A relation is a property or predicate that ranges over more than one argument

A relation is defined as a set of n-tuples. In both mathematics and the relational database model, a set is an unordered collection of items. In mathematics, a tuple has an order, and allows for duplication.

Relation schema

A relation schema is a collection of meta-data that describes the relations in a database. Which is also called data base schema. This schema can be described as the “layout” of a database or the blueprint that outlines the way data is organized into table.

A "relation" is a table storing data, while a "relation schema" defines its structure, attributes, and constraints without containing data.

The terms "relation" and "relation schema" are both used in the context of relational databases, but they refer to different concepts:

1. Relation:

  - In the context of databases, a relation refers to a table that stores data in rows and columns.

  - Each row in a relation represents a record, and each column represents an attribute or field.

  - Relations are the fundamental structures in a relational database, and they adhere to certain principles such as each cell containing a single value and rows being unique (no duplicate rows).

  - Informally, a relation is often referred to as a table.

2. Relation Schema:

  - A relation schema, on the other hand, defines the structure or blueprint of a relation.

  - It specifies the name of the relation (table) and the attributes (columns) it contains, along with any constraints or properties associated with those attributes.

  - The schema defines the data types of each attribute, any constraints on their values (such as primary keys, foreign keys, or uniqueness constraints), and other properties like nullability.

  - The relation schema provides the framework for creating instances of relations (tables) within a database.

  - It does not contain any actual data but rather describes the structure and properties of the data that can be stored in a relation.

In summary, while a relation represents the actual data stored in a table, a relation schema defines the structure, attributes, and constraints of that table without containing any data itself. The relation schema serves as a blueprint for creating and understanding relations within a relational database.

Answer: The following code is in c++

#include <iostream>

#include<math.h>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

   float a,b,c;

   cout<<"Enter height and base of triangle\n";

   cin>>a>>b;  //reading two sides from user

   c=sqrt(pow(a,2)+pow(b,2));  //calculating hypotenuse

   cout<<"Length of hypotenuse is "<<c;  //printing third side of triangle

   return 0;

}

OUTPUT :

Enter height and base of triangle                                                                                            

3                                                                                                                              

4                                                                                                                              

Length of hypotenuse is 5  

Explanation:

In the above code, three variables a, b and c of int type are declared. After that, it is asked from user to enter the value of a and b. The user puts the value and then c is calculated with the help of Pythagoras theorem formulae which squares the values of two sides and then adds them to calculate hypotenuse of a right angled triangle and finally c is printed to console.

Answer:

A page that gets a Didn't Load flag

Pages with an obvious problem with functionality or errors in displaying content

Explanation:

The main reason why a page gets Page Quality rating Low/Lowest is if it can't be shown for one reason or another.

A page with mismatch between the location of the page and the rating location, does have a mismatch but some form of a page is shown.

A file type other than a webpage displays that specific file type in a page framework, so page is shown

Other two do not show a page, so they will get a PQ rating Low/Lowest

Final answer:

To find the hexadecimal address of questionAddr, one adds the sizes of variables declared before it in the data segment starting at 0x3600. After accounting for the bytes used by printString, someBytes, and moreBytes, the address of questionAddr is calculated to be 0x364B.

Explanation:

The question asks for the hexadecimal address of the identifier questionAddr within a data segment that starts at memory address 0x3600. To calculate the address of questionAddr, we must determine the size of the variables declared before it and add that to the starting address. Here is how the memory is allocated for each variable:

printString: The BYTE declaration for the string "Do not add decimal to hex", followed by a null terminator, uses 28 bytes (26 characters + 2 for the double quote and null terminator).

someBytes: The WORD declaration with 19 DUP(0) indicates that space for 19 words is reserved, and since a word is 2 bytes, this gives us 38 bytes.

moreBytes: The BYTE declaration specifies 9 individual bytes.

Adding it all up:

Start Address: 0x3600

+ printString: 28 bytes

+ someBytes: 38 bytes

+ moreBytes: 9 bytes

= Total: 75 bytes

To get the address of questionAddr, convert the total number of bytes to hexadecimal and add it to the start address:

0x3600 + 0x004B (75 in hexadecimal) = 0x364B

Therefore, the hexadecimal address of questionAddr is 0x364B.

Answer:

def normalize(text):

   text = text.lower()

   text = text.split()

   return text

Explanation:

The functiinfunction is provided with an input text when called upon, then it changes every character in the text into lower case and split each word with a space.

Answer:

Here is the JAVA program:

import java.util.Scanner;   // for importing scanner class

public class RomanToDecimal{  //class to convert roman numeral to decimal

       static String romNum;  // variable that stores roman numeral

       static int decNum;  //variable that stores decimal number

       public static void main(String args[]) {  //start of the program

              //romtodec object created

              RomanToDecimal romtodec = new RomanToDecimal();  

//call function decimalConversion() that converts roman numeral to decimal

              romtodec. decimalConversion();  

//call function displayRomanNumeral to display the results of conversion

               romtodec. displayRomanNumeral(romNum);

//call function to display the decimal no. of roman numeral

               romtodec . displayDecimalNumber(decNum);   }

//method decimalConversion to convert Roman numeral to decimal

     public void decimalConversion () {

     Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);  //to get input

       //prompts user to enter a Roman numeral

     System.out.print("enter a Roman numeral: ");

               romNum = scan.nextLine();  //reads input    

               //stores the length of the entered Roman numeral                                            

                int length=  romNum.length();  

               int number=0;  //initializes number to 0

               int prevNum = 0;  //initializes previous number to 0

          //loops through the length of the input Roman numeral

               for (int i=length-1;i>=0;i--)  

//charAt() method returns the roman numeral symbol at the index i

               { char symbol =  romNum.charAt(i);

       //every symbol will be converted to upper case

                       symbol = Character.toUpperCase(symbol);

//switch statement tests the symbol variable for equality against a list of //numerals given and each numeral is assigned its equal decimal value.

                         switch(symbol)

                       {   case 'I':

                               prevNum = number;

                               number = 1;

                               break;

                            case 'V':

                                    prevNum = number;

                               number = 5;

                               break;

                               case 'X':

                                       prevNum = number;

                               number = 10;

                                break;

                               case 'L':

                                       prevNum = number;

                               number = 50;

                               break;

                               case 'C':

                                        prevNum = number;

                               number = 100;

                               break;

                               case 'D':

                                        prevNum = number;

                               number = 500;

                               break;

                               case 'M':

                                        prevNum = number;

                               number = 1000;

                               break; }          

/*checks if the number is greater than previous number

if the value of current roman symbol (character) is greater than the next

symbol's value. then add value of current roman symbol to the decNum

else subtract the value of current roman symbol from the value of its next symbol. */              

                       if (number>prevNum)

                           { decNum= decNum+number;  }

                       else

                          decNum= decNum-number;  }

//displays the decimal value of the roman numeral

       public static void displayRomanNumeral (String romNum){

               System.out.println ("The Roman numeral "+romNum+" is equal to decimal number"+decNum); }

//displays the number as decimal

           public static void displayDecimalNumber (int decNum){

       System.out.println ("The decimal number is: " + decNum);  } }      

Output:

enter a Roman numeral: MCXIV

The Roman numeral MCXIV is equal to decimal number 1114

Output:

enter a Roman numeral: CCCLIX

The Roman numeral CCCLIX is equal to decimal number 359

Output:

enter a Roman numeral: MDCLXVI

The Roman numeral MDCLXVI is equal to decimal number 1666