The number of degrees of freedom for the appropriate chi-square distribution in a test of independence is EQUAL TO THE SAMPLE SIZE, MINUS ONE.
In a Test of Independence utilizing the chi-square distribution, the degrees of freedom are calculated using the formula: (number of columns-1)(number of rows-1). This value significantly affects the shape of the chi-square distribution and the calculations of test statistics. Degrees of freedom represents the number of independent pieces of information available in the data.
Explanation:Test of Independence and Degrees of Freedom
In a Test of Independence that uses the chi-square distribution, the number of degrees of freedom is a critical parameter. The degrees of freedom represent the number of independent pieces of information that we have in the data. The number of degrees of freedom for a test of independence is determined by the formula: (number of columns-1)(number of rows-1). This parameter is essential as it significantly affects the shape of the chi-square distribution.
Role of Degrees of Freedom in Chi-Square Distribution
The chi-square distribution is right-skewed, and its shape is influenced by the degrees of freedom. The distribution approximates a normal distribution when the degrees of freedom exceeds 90. The statistic calculated using chi-square distribution is always greater than or equal to zero, and the corresponding tests are almost always right-tailed tests.
Calculation and Significance of Degrees of Freedom
While the calculation of degrees of freedom might seem complex, it can easily be computed with the help of a computer or calculator. The degrees of freedom are closely tied to the Test of Independence and play a crucial role in the calculation of test statistics.
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A government regulation that bans the use of a certain polluting technology in the production of a good is an example of a ________ to solve an externality.
command and control approach
Which statements about Earth’s atmosphere are correct? Check all that apply. The most abundant gas in the atmosphere is oxygen. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is important for plants. The troposphere shields Earth from chunks of rock from space. The stratosphere is located 50 to 80 kilometers from Earth’s surface. The troposphere gets colder the higher you go. The ozone in the stratosphere protects us from ultraviolet radiation. The amount of water vapor in the air is nearly constant.
-Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is important for plants.
-The troposphere gets colder the higher you go.
-The ozone in the stratosphere protects us from ultraviolet radiation.
Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is important for plants.
The troposphere gets colder the higher you go.
The ozone in the stratosphere protects us from ultraviolet radiation.
These three statements are correct about Earth’s atmosphere.
Write about the earth’s atmosphere.Earth's environment is composed of almost 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen, 0.9 percent argon, and 0.1 percent other gasses. Traces of carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and neon are a few of the other gasses that make up the remaining 0.1 percent. It's a blend of distinctive gases.
Not as it were does it contain the oxygen we got to live, but it moreover ensures us from harmful bright sun-based radiation. It makes the weight without which fluid water couldn't exist on our planet's surface. And it warms our planet and keeps temperatures tenable for our living soil.
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The difficulty that arises when the same social position imposes conflicting demands and expectations is known as
The answer is: Role Strain
Example of this would be when a supervisor of a company is dating her co- workers.
In such situation, she has two different roles. One is as a boss that has to be strict and have a set of expectation that must be fulfilled by employees. On the other hand, she is also a girlfriend that has to give a full support to his loved one.
When her boyfriend make a mistake in the office, it could create a confusion for her since she's unsure which role she need to assume to deal with it.
Culture-fair tests attempt to measure _____.
a. the intelligence of people coming from outside the culture in which the test was devised.
b. the intelligence of people coming from inside the culture in which the test was devised.
c. cultural background.
d. the effects of culture on people's intellectual and creative skills.
Letter A is the correct answer.
Culture-fair tests are used to measure the intelligence of individuals coming from another culture. It is administered in such a way that reduces the influences of verbal fluency, educational level and cultural climate. People can be tested either individually or in a group and this test is considered fair to all regardless of their cultural groups.
Culture-fair tests attempt to measure the intelligence of people coming from outside the culture in which the test was devised. These tests aim to minimize cultural bias and assess universally applicable intellectual skills.
Explanation:Culture-fair tests attempt to measure the intelligence of people coming from outside the culture in which the test was devised. These tests are designed to minimize the influence of cultural background or specific knowledge that may favor individuals from a particular culture. They aim to assess intellectual skills that are universally applicable and unbiased.
For example, imagine a language-based intelligence test that requires understanding idioms or proverbs specific to a particular culture. This would disadvantage individuals from other cultures who are not familiar with those expressions. Culture-fair tests, on the other hand, focus on abilities such as logical reasoning and problem-solving, which are not culturally biased.
In summary, culture-fair tests aim to measure intelligence in a way that is independent of cultural background and knowledge. They seek to identify and evaluate cognitive abilities that are applicable across cultures.
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Has your parenting changed since the preschool period and if so, why do you think it has changed and what effect might this have on your child? refer to your textbook or lecture notes for evidence on typical changes in parenting that occur in middle childhood.
Ava and her sister got into an argument and I had to separate them from each other. I give them space for 10 minutes. example
Parenting styles usually change from the pre-school period to middle childhood, primarily shifting towards an authoritative approach. This change coincides with a child's entry into the concrete operational stage of cognitive development, fostering a more logical understanding in the child. Such transformations in parenting can significantly influence a child's cognitive development and behavioral patterns.
Explanation:Parenting undergoes changes over different stages of a child's growth. During the preschool period, children are largely dependent on their parents and hence parents tend to play a more controlling role. However, as the child enters middle childhood, the style of parenting typically changes to become more authoritative rather than authoritarian. This means that parents set reasonable demands and consistent limits, express warmth and affection, and listen to the child's viewpoint.
The shift in parenting style from pre-school to middle childhood coincides with the child's entry into the concrete operational stage of cognitive development. According to Jean Piaget's theory, during this stage (from about 7 to 11 years old), children begin to think logically about real (concrete) events. This leads to a development in the child's reasoning and understanding, which allows them to understand the concept of rules and why they need to be followed.
Changes in parenting style can also arise from changes in family dynamics and living situation. For example, research has shown that conflict frequency with parents can influence a child's behavior and development. Likewise, children's behavior and development can influence parenting style.
It's important to point out that these changes in parenting style can have significant effects on a child's cognitive development and behavioral tendencies. For instance, research shows that children raised by authoritative parents generally have higher levels of cognitive empathy. This suggests that authoritative parenting supports the growth of empathetic behavior in middle childhood. Similarly, children with secure attachment styles, such as the avoidant attachment style, may show less responsiveness to authority figures as they gain independence.
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All federally chartered banks are required to join the federal reserve system, as mandated by the ________. federal reserve act of 1913 federal monetary act federal policy act federal bank adjustment act of 1927
All federally chartered banks are required to join the federal reserve system, as mandated by the _FEDERAL RESERVE ACT OF 1913_.
This Act was signed into law by United States President Woodrow Wilson.
Answer:
Federal Reserve Act of 1913
Explanation:
The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 was an act of Congress that was signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson. This move was partly motivated by the Panic of 1907. The law created the Federal Reserve System which is the central banking system of the United States. It also required all federally chartered banks to join the federal reserve system.
Which of Émile Durkheim's types of social solidarity characterizes modern life?
a. organicb. mechanicalc. structurald. egoistic
The answer is: A. Organic
Organic solidarity refers to the interdependence that each people in society have toward one another. This is reflected in modern day's social structure.
For example, let's say that Phil and Marie are working in a completely different industries. Phil own a paper company while Marie own a farm. Despite this difference, they still interpendent with one another because Marie still used the paper to record all information in the farm and Phil still used animal products as His meal.
Final answer:
Modern life is characterized by Émile Durkheim as having organic solidarity, where social cohesion is based on the interdependence of individuals due to the specialization of work.
Explanation:
The type of social solidarity that characterizes modern life, according to Émile Durkheim, is organic solidarity. Durkheim proposed that in modern, industrial societies, social cohesion arises from the interdependence that comes with the specialization of work and the complementarities between people. This contrasts with mechanical solidarity, which is characteristic of more traditional and less structurally complex societies, where cohesion comes from the homogeneity of individuals performing similar tasks and having similar lifestyles.
Carl rogers believed people question themselves and experience negative effects on their self-concept when they receive _
The answer is "conditional positive regard"
which world leader caused problems after wwii ended
Adolf Hitler
Joseph Stalin
Harry Truman
Winston Churchill
Stalin
After World War II, Joseph Stalin as the leader of the Soviet Union proved to be unpredictable and a harsh leader of the Russian people. Many died under his watch.
South Africa has an emerging market economy. This means that its economy is __________. A. growing quickly and becoming more advanced B. growing too slowly C. based on agriculture D. based on mining Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D
The answer is A. growing quickly and becoming more advanced.
Hey there! :)
The answer is "A" growing quickly and becoming more advanced. An emerging market economy is an economy that is becoming more complex and growing increasingly fast.
~kaikers
I will mark Brainliest!
Answer:
1. i think its D
Explanation:
Answer:
1. nucleus
2.cytoplasm
(98 Points & Brainliest)
Write a paragraph of at least three sentences to answer the following questions:
- Which international organization could you contact about the conflict?
- Why would you contact them?
Conflict:
Cuban military invaded Eastern Mexico in a surprise attack. Cuba intends to gain territory and control of passage into the Gulf of Mexico. We need your recommendation as soon as possible.
Answer:
The United Nations has historically been the place to ask for aid and sometimes for mediation when one nation attacks another - as in Korea in 1950 or Kuwait in 1990.
Most nations in North and South America are members of the Organization of American States the OAS, which is, among other things, a mutual defense treaty to support one another in the event of attack.
Expert pool players were observed to make 71 percent of their shots when alone. When four people watched them, they made 80 percent of their shots. This best illustrates what?
Answer:
social facilitation
Explanation:
social facilitation refers to a situation when a certain individual's performance is heavily affected by the presence of audience. (The effect could be either positive or negative).
For some people, the presence of audiences release various type of chemicals in their brain that help them to be more focus and able to do a better performance.
1. A copyright is a tangible property right; this means that you can touch and feel it. a. True b. False 2. Under federal copyright laws, a single-authored book is: a. not protected. b. protected forever. c. protected for the author's life plus seventy years. d. protected for two generations of heirs after the author dies. 3. Copyright owners generally are protected against unauthorized of the work, development of works, of the work, and public of the work. Fill in the blanks with words that would best complete the passage. reproduction derivative distribution destruction display writing secondary selling 4. The following is the list from Section 102 of the Copyright Act of the types of original works that are protected under copyright law. works, including newspapers and magazine articles; works and accompanying words, including advertising jingles; works, including plays or musicals; pantomimes and works, including ballet and other forms of dance; pictorial, , and sculptural works; motion pictures and other works; recordings; and works, such as drawings and designs. Fill in the blanks with words that would best complete the passage. audiovisual graphic musical dramatic sound Literary useful mechanical high-quality generalized architectural novel choreographic 5. Which example in the following list is unrelated to the concept of intellectual property
Answer: 1. b) 2. c) 3. reproduction , derivative , distribution , display
4. Literary
Musical
Dramatic
Choreographic
Graphic
Audiovisual
Sound
Architectural
5. Land
Explanation:
Copyright can't be touched and can't be felt because that is the right of some creative work that is given to the creator. It is a law that is protecting the original idea and it can be creative work in art forms such as musical or literary form. Copyright is protecting original work but not the idea itself. Under federal copyright laws, a single-authored book is protected for the author's life plus seventy years. The seventy years is a time limit set by copyright law, law and right for creating derivative work and to show them. This law is expiring after seventy years after the death of an author or artist.Copyright owners generally are protected against unauthorized reproduction of the work, development of derivative works, distribution of the work and public display of the work. As we can see in question number 2, it is protected 70 years after the death of an author or artist. The following is the list from Section 102 of the Copyright Act of the types of original works that are protected under copyright law. Literary works, including newspapers and magazine articles; musical works and accompanying words, including advertising jingles; dramatic works, including plays or musicals; pantomimes and choreographic works, including ballet and other forms of dance; pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works; motion pictures and other audiovisual works; sound recordings; and architectural works, such as drawings and designs. Fill in the blanks with words that would best complete the passage. audiovisual graphic musical dramatic sound Literary useful mechanical high-quality generalized architectural novel choreographic. I have found the rest of your question number five. Examples are a. Films b. Books c. Sculptures d. Poems e. Land f. Apps g. Songs. The correct answer is e) Land because as intellectual property we are referring 4 the most common properties such as trademarks, copyrights, patent and trade secrets and they are all considering ideas, beliefs and creation of some author so the Land is unrelated to a concept of intellectual property.
Matrilineal descent is typically difficult for americans to grasp because it feels so unnatural to us. what explains this feeling that matrilineal descent is unnatural since as americans we also recognize that we are descended from one mother and her parents? we usually get our surnames from our father, giving our kinship system a patrilineal bias although women can now own property, be breadwinner and head of a household, and can earn more than a husband, many americans still think of the ideal family as centered on the father all of the above our kinship system is bilateral, recognizing descent through both mother and father, so it seems strange to recognize only one of these lines
We typically get in our spellings from even our own father, giving our family ties system a lineage bias.
What is a Matrilineal?Matrilineality is the process of determining ancestry along female lines. It may also be related to a social structure wherein every individual is linked as they're conforming to established guidelines or mother's lineage, and in which is possible for money and/or honors to be inherited.
The group follows a theory of kinship whereby feminine rather than paternal lines are used to determine ancestor lineage. A matriline is a stream of succession when all of the women in the centuries between an ancestor and a descendant are parents.
Since our family life is reciprocal, recognizing exit by both parents, it seems pretty weird just to notice one of these lines. However, many Americans still presume of such an ideal family as being concentrated mostly on the father.
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Americans may find matrilineal descent unnatural due to the cultural norm of bilateral kinship, which recognizes descent through both parents, and a historical emphasis on patrilineal traditions that favor the father's line.
The feeling that matrilineal descent is unnatural for Americans might be attributed to the deep-seated cultural norms and kinship systems that most Americans are familiar with. In the U.S., the dominant kinship system is bilateral, where descent is equally recognized through both the mother and father. This contrasts with matrilineal societies where descent and kinship are traced solely through the mother's line. The concept feels foreign to many Americans because of the strong historical and cultural emphasis on patrilineal descent, which includes the tradition of passing down the father's surname and recognizing the father as a pivotal figure within the family structure. Despite the evolution of gender roles and the acknowledgement of women's rights in property, breadwinning, and headship of households, the ideal still often centers around the father due to the remnants of deeply ingrained patrilineal bias.
Identify each judgment below as ethical (E), or as aesthetic (A), or as legal (L) in nature, or as a matter of custom (C): That is a worthless piece of art because it says nothing and expresses nothing. Options Menu: Question Text What he did was praiseworthy because it was so selfless. We should not refer to fellow humans as "homeless" if we truly consider human life as valuable in itself, since that label equates human value with the value of brick and mortar. You ought to stand when the Queen enters the room. You better pay your taxes if you wish to avoid jail-time. You better pay your taxes since fair membership in communal living requires sharing in both the benefits and the burdens of that co-existence.
Each judgement/ statement has been paired with a descriptor:
What he did was praiseworthy because it was so selfless. [Ethical: Based on the principals of "right vs. wrong]
We should not refer to fellow humans as "homeless" if we truly consider human life as valuable in itself, since that label equates human value with the value of brick and mortar. [Aesthetic: Based on a feeling of value of art, beauty, and/or taste]
You ought to stand when the Queen enters the room. [Cultural: Based on social cultural acceptability]
You better pay your taxes if you wish to avoid jail-time. [Legal: Based in law; Not paying taxes is punishable by law]
You better pay your taxes since fair membership in communal living requires sharing in both the benefits and the burdens of that co-existence. [Ethical: Based on the principals of "right vs. wrong]
Look at this monthly budget. Monthly Budget What is the simplest change that can be made to the budget to produce more savings next month? Add to fixed expenses. Decrease food expenses. Reduce rent payments. Increase total income.
B : Decrease food expenses
The answer is B "Decrease food expenses"
When economists measure opportunity cost to help determine the true value of economic decisions, they consider both the
A. environmental and human value.
B. monetary and resource value.
C. environmental and resource value.
D. monetary and human value.
Economists consider both the monetary and resource value when measuring the opportunity cost to determine the true economic value.
When economists measure opportunity cost to help determine the true value of economic decisions, they consider both the monetary and resource value. Opportunity cost refers to the comparison of two different potential outcomes based on the decisions that are made. In the context of economics, this means considering how different choices impact overall monetary value and resource allocation. This could include anything from the cost of raw materials, the labor used to produce goods, and the potential revenue that could be made from selling a product or service. By evaluating both monetary and resource value, economists can gain a clearer understanding of the real costs and benefits associated with different economic decisions.
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Which of the following traded items would most likely have led to dependency among civilizations during the Vedic Age? (4 point)
art and crafts
silks and jewels
agricultural goods
metal weapons
I'd say C. Agricultural Goods.
I know metal weapons isn't correct, and im pretty sure dependency among civilizations wouldn't be caused by art and crafts
Answer
Agricultural goods could create dependency.
Explanation:
How prevalent does Hancock say lying is in our culture?
Hancock says lying on our culture is Very Prevalent.
Answer:Dr Hancock suggest that lying has become more common especially with the increasing use of technology which he doesn't say is bad but he suggest it can play role in both us being truthful or being deceitful.
Explanation:
Dr Hancock studied the psychological interaction through media and the impact it has on our self concept , relationships, deception and trust.
How we strive to portray ourselves a certain way on social media and how we want others to see us.
He says media amplifies all these things and we must examine these effect.
He embarked on social experiments to establish the effect of technology on how we deceive others or how we become trustworthy.
A group determination of whether or not something is right or wrong
Utilitarianism. A group determination of whether or not something is right or wrong.
When a group of people are trying to determine what is morally right and wrong, they are trying to justify and figure out what is important to them. As a group decides, they are determine the best option to benefit the majority of the people that the decision will affect.
Answer:
No cell phones while driving No extra passengers No speeding No alcohol No driving or riding without a seat beltExplanation:
Half of all teens will be involved in a car crash before graduating from high school. Parents involvement doesn't end when a child gets a license. Teen drivers who continue to practice with their parents increase their chances of avoiding a crash.
Which of the following was a new restriction on lobbying, enacted in 2007?
-Lobbyist will no longer be able to make gift to lawmakers
-The individual contributors to a "bundled" donation to lobbyist will now have to be disclosed
-The identity of donors to Super PACs must now be disclosed
-Member of Congress are prohibited from lobbying indefinitely after they leave Congress
The answer is: the individual contributors to a "bundled" donation by lobbyists will now have to be disclosed
Often time, an individual would send their donation to a bundled donation in order to hide it from the public. By doing this, that individual can gain control over the representative and pay him/her to create the legislation which that particular individual want.
Disclosing the individual contributors will reveal this information and prevent such occurrence from happening.
Erik Erikson maintained that the two basic aspects of life that dominate adulthood are
A.identity and independence.
B.intimacy and identity.
C.intimacy and generativity.
D.independence and generativity.
the answer is: c. intimacy and generativity.
As people step into adulthood, we will develop a different needs than what we have during our teenage years (most of the times it would be less materialistic).
Intimacy is the needs that make people want to develop a deep and meaningful connection with another individuals, and generativity is the needs that make people wants to do something useful and create a positive impact for the people around them.
According to mansour javidan, the ability to function successfully in the host country through internal acceptance of different cultures and a strong desire to learn from new experiences is termed ________.
According to Mansour Javidan, the ability to function successfully in the host country through internal acceptance of different cultures and a strong desire to learn from new experiences is termed _PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL_ .
American workers often describe themselves as "working for the weekend," a sentiment that is also expressed in the phrase "thank god it's friday." karl marx would say that these sentiments say something about our relationship to work and indicate that we are:
Answer:
Alienated from human nature.
Explanation:
According to karl marx, the constant need to develop meaningful relationship with other individuals is a crucial part of human nature. He believed that modern work schedule often alienate us from able to find this relationship since we spend the majority of our time doing labors for other people.
Perceptual checking is a skill that helps us
Select one: a. understand another person and his or her message more accurately. b. view everyone as equals. c. compare our behaviors with others' behaviors. d. ignore damaging or harmful information.
The answer is: A. understand another person and his or her message more accurately
All people have their own unique perception in how they're observing the situation around them.
When observing one same situation, two people could completely have different approach that they would think would be best for that particular situation.
Perceptual skill is a skill that will help us understand people's perception. It teach us to take clues from the messages conveyed by other people to determine their personalities and the things that they would seen as valuable.
Perceptual checking is a skill that helps us understand another person and his or her message more accurately. Thus, option A is appropriate.
The ability to articulate what is happening in a specific context, offer several explanations for events or behaviors, and get clarification from others and yourself are all parts of Perceptual checking
Perceptual checking is just as easy to do as it sounds. In a conversation, the listener simply repeats what the speaker said or explains an action they took to make sure they received it right. This allows the speaker the chance to rephrase their message if it was misunderstood.
Thus, option A is correct.
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Charles wallace seems well and happy, just as the man with red eyes says he is. how does meg know that charles wallace's mind and heart have been taken over
Meg identifies that the mind and heart of Charles Wallace have changed which was signifying possible external control.
Meg knows that Charles Wallace's mind and heart have been taken over and he is being controlled by someone else because his behavior seems drastically different after returning from his walk, showing no recollection of past events and only focusing on a mysterious girl.
This change in him indicates a shift from his usual self, suggesting outside influence over his thoughts and emotions. It becomes evident to Meg that something is amiss and that Charles Wallace is not truly well and happy.
What was pictured on the cover of the very first issue of Life magazine?
It was a picture of Fort Peck Dam, taken by Margaret Bourke-White.
NEED HELP
Sam has been convicted of several violent crimes. However, the court has declared him to be mentally challenged. In a few weeks, Sam will be transferred to a medical facility. Until the transfer, in which type of jail would the court make Sam stay?
A.
local jail
B.
county jail
C.
regional jail
D.
state jail
Answer:
B. County jail.
Explanation:
It is where people who are being arrested are before the final sentance
Answer:
B. county jail
Explanation:
Hearing a sequence of sounds of different pitches is to ________ as recognizing the sound sequence as a familiar melody is to ________.
a. absolute threshold; difference threshold
b. sensory interaction; signal detection
c. signal detection; sensory interaction
d. sensation; perception
Hearing a sequence of sounds of different pitches is to __SENSATION___ as recognizing the sound sequence as a familiar melody is to __PERCEPTION__.
d. sensation; perception
Sensation is the ability of our brains to take in information through our five senses (hear, taste, smell, touch, see) that can be interpreted by the brain.
Perception can be defined as the way information is organized and interpreted by our brains.
Sensation is the initial detection of stimuli from the environment, like hearing a sequence of sounds of different pitches. Perception is how we interpret these sensations, akin to recognizing the sound sequence as a familiar melody. The correct answer is option d. sensation; perception'.
Explanation:The correct answer to the question is option d. sensation; perception'. This question pertains to basic concepts in psychology. Sensation corresponds to the initial detection of stimuli from our environment. This is similar to hearing a sequence of sounds of different pitches, where signals are merely being received. On the other hand, perception is how our brains interpret these sensations, giving them meaning. Recognizing a sequence of sounds as a familiar melody is an act of perception - we are interpreting the sensations into something meaningful.
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