Compare the dna fingerprint of person 1 and person 2. explain how this fingerprint would have looked different if you had digested the dna of each person with hindiii instead of ecori.
EcoRI and HindIII recognize different sequences of DNI and cut the molecule in different points. For this reason, when digesting the molecule with HindIII, the exposed pattern of minisatellites would have looked different than when using EcoRI.
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A restriction enzyme is a degradative polymer that recognizes and cuts up specific nucleotide sequences in DNI. Restriction enzymes can produce cohesive cuts or blunt (abrupt) cuts, depending on the recognition sites. The frequency in which the restriction enzyme will produce the cuts depends on the recognition sequences and the number of bases that compose them.
EcoRI cuts between G y A. Hind III cuts between A y A.So restriction enzymes cut DNI molecules into different short sequences of varying lengths. These pieces are called minisatellites and exhibit the existing variation from one person to the next. These short sequences can be separated by using gel electrophoresis and will express a pattern of differentiation. These are the restriction fragment length polymorphisms pattern, RFLP. Each individual has a unique pattern of minisatellites, which makes this person different than the rest.
The method used to identify an individual based on the minisatellites patterns in their DNI is known as DNA fingerprinting. Although the difference in base sequences between two individuals is very small, fragments produced by restriction endonucleases are of different sizes.
Because EcoRI and Hind III recognize different sequences and cut sites, they will cut the same molecule in different pieces, resulting in a different pattern.
So, when digesting DNI of person 1 and person 2 with
EcoRI → the short sequences pattern will express certain differences between individuals. HindIII → the exposed pattern will differ from the first one and show other differences. both enzymes together → minisatellites will be even shorter and express a third different pattern.----------------------------------------
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A nebula, or swirling cloud of interstellar dust and gases,is seen. What happens next in the star formation procces?
Answer:
The next step in the process is the formation of a prestar core.
Explanation:
After the interstellar dust and gases concentrate in a determined zone gravity starts to unite them and they gather forming a core that is united by gravity. The surroundings start to disperse and the remaining dust starts to expand in the neighboring regions forming different levels of density in dust and gravity force. Which lately will form the satellites, planets or spacial objects that will be bound to the future sun. It is only the second step in the formation of the new star.
Why does maltose have both alpha and beta anomers?
Maltose is a disaccharide that made of 2 glucose units. Each glucose unit can happen as alpha or beta. So, "α" or "β" is grounded on the relation between the stereochemistry of the anomeric carbon and the furthest chiral center in the ring. The α anomer is the one in which these two locations have the same configuration; they are opposite in the β anomer.
Maltose has both alpha and beta anomers because it is a reducing sugar. The OH group on the anomeric carbon of the second glucose can be in either the alpha or beta position. The alpha and beta anomers of maltose exist in equilibrium in aqueous solution.
Explanation:Maltose has both alpha and beta anomers because it is a reducing sugar. The two glucose molecules in maltose are linked in a head-to-tail fashion through an alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkage. This linkage leaves one anomeric carbon that can open to form an aldehyde group. The OH group on the anomeric carbon of the second glucose can be in either the alpha or beta position. The alpha and beta anomers of maltose exist in equilibrium in aqueous solution.
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If you were preparing nutrient agar at home and did not have an autoclave, what could you use to sterilize the nutrient agar? if you were preparing nutrient agar at home and did not have an autoclave, what could you use to sterilize the nutrient agar? boiling for one hour hydrogen peroxide bleach pressure cooker at 121°c for 15 minutes oven at 121°c for one hour
What is the difference between diffusion and active transport in a cell?
When is facilitated diffusion necessary?
Facilitated diffusion is necessary when cell membranes prevents a substance from diffusing on its own.
Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that involves movement of solute materials down the concentration gradient.
Further Explanation;Transport in living organismsPlants and animals use various processes to transport materials from one point to another.There are classified as either passive transport or active transport.Passive transportIt is a type of transport that does not involve the use of energy to aid movement of substances in living organisms.Passive transport involves free movement of substances and through special types of transporters or carriers.Types of passive transport includes; simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, and mass flow among others.Active transport It is a type of transport in living organisms that involves movement of substances against a concentration gradient and involves use of energy in form of ATP to aid transport of substances.Types of passive transportFacilitated diffusionFacilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport which involves the diffusion of solutes by use of transport proteins in the plasma membrane.Facilitated diffusion uses transport proteins to transport solutes down their concentration gradient. Osmosis Osmosis is a special diffusion that involves the movement of water molecules from a region where they are highly concentrated to a region where they are lowly concentrated through a semipermeable membrane.It may also refer to the movement of water molecules from a region of low particle concentration to a region of a high particle concentration.Diffusion Diffusion is a type of passive transport that involves movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.Diffusion involves movement of molecules of substances other than water.Keywords: Passive transport, Diffusion, Osmosis, Passive transport
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Subject: Biology
Topic: Transport in living organisms
Sub-topic: Passive transport
Glycogen is an energy-storage molecule in humans. A hormone that is called insulin controls the storage of glycogen in the liver. Insulin is made up of amino acids.
Which statement correctly identifies the types of macromolecules that are described?
Glycogen is a protein, and insulin is a lipid.
Glycogen is a lipid, and insulin is a protein.
Glycogen is a carbohydrate, and insulin is a lipid.
Glycogen is a carbohydrate, and insulin is a protein.
Answer:
Glycogen is a carbohydrate, and insulin is a protein.
Explanation:
Glycogen is a polysaccharide made of thousands of glucose molecules. This is also called ‘animal starch’. The glucose is stored as glycogen in animal cells and humans. Thus, it is a carbohydrate. Insulin is a hormone secreted by beta cells of islets of Langerhans. It is a polypeptide made of amino acids. Thus, it is a protein.
What is an enzyme? What does it do?
Which abo blood type is considered to be the universal donor?
1. Dr. Lairmore makes the point that veterinarians don't just treat "the animal," but approach treatment from a "one health" perspective. What other things are veterinarians looking at, and why?
ANSWER===== They are also looking at interacting on the animal health side and people and environment side because animals usually have owners that are human that the vets have to work with to make the animal better.
Using the scientific method a what must be tested as the focus of an experiment
Answer:
The correct answer will be- hypothesis.
Explanation:
The scientific method is used to understand and explain the natural events of nature. The scientist performs the sequential steps to reach the conclusion which includes experimentation.
The experiments are performed to test the proposed predictions called "hypothesis" of the scientific question which explains the question to a limit. The hypothesis is based on the earlier research done on the question so is considered a well-educated guess.
Thus, the key component of being tested via experiments is the "hypothesis".
Describe the end products of a single episode of meiosis?
The end products of a single episode of meiosis are four haploid cells called gametes.
Explanation:In a single episode of meiosis, the end products are four haploid cells, known as gametes. These gametes are genetically unique due to the random assortment of chromosomes and crossing over during meiosis. Each gamete contains only one set of chromosomes, which is half the number found in the original cell.
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Deficiency in the number of white blood cells is known as
A client has been diagnosed with aplastic anemia. the nurse is aware that the client’s lab results will identify:
What causes the Himalayas to continue to grow taller
Smells are processed in the ______, which explains why smells often generate emotion-laden memories.
Which area of the brain is associated with classical conditioning and motor movements? the medulla the cerebellum the pons the reticular formation?
The __________ is the long thin structure which carries the electricity generated by neurons.
What fertility technique extracts ova, combines them with sperm, and after a few days, implants two or three blastocysts into the woman's uterus?
Are the dehydration and hydration of salts reversible
The dehydration and hydration of salts are reversible processes. They play a significant role in the chemistry of organic compounds and are fundamental to many biological and physical processes.
Explanation:Yes, the dehydration and hydration of salts are reversible processes. These reactions play a significant role in the chemistry of organic compounds. For example, the process of dehydration involves the removal of water from a substance, like when a hydrate loses water to form an anhydrous salt. Conversely, hydration is the addition of water. An example of this would be when an anhydrous salt absorbs water to form a hydrate. This behavior is fundamental to many biological and physical processes.
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Andesitic rock is an igneous rock with a composition in between that of basaltic and granitic igneous rock. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F
The answer to the statement will be true
The process of science takes place in one specific order. true or false
The process of science does not follow a single specific order, it is complex and nonlinear.
Explanation:The statement that the process of science takes place in one specific order is False. Science is actually a complex endeavor that cannot be reduced to a single, linear sequence of steps. Real science is nonlinear, iterative, creative, unpredictable, and exciting. Scientists often undertake the steps of an investigation in a different sequence or repeat the same steps many times as they gain more information and develop new ideas.
Describe the effects that enzymes can have on substrates amoeba sisters
Answer:
The enzyme has two effects on the substrate either break it down or built it up.
Explanation:
An enzyme is a biocatalyst that reduces the activation energy of chemical reactions.
Enzyme substrate follows the lock and key model.
Enzymes either bind with 2 substrates join them together or bind with a substrate and break it down.
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One advantage to locomotion in animals is that it provides the animals with an increased ability to
Which of the following are NOT examples of data?
a.
facts
b.
figures
c.
theories
d.
measurements
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
A
B
C
D
Does oxygen gain or lose electrons to become stable
Human blood, which has a pH of approximately 7.4, is a/an _______ substance. A. acidic B. slightly alkaline C. salty thick D. neutral
Human blood, which has a pH of approximately 7.4, is a slightly alkaline substance. The correct option is B.
The pH 7 is regarded as neutral on the pH scale, which runs from 0 to 14. A substance's pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 0 being acidic and 14 being alkaline.
A pH of 7.4 indicates that human blood is somewhat alkaline in nature and is just barely over the neutral range.
In order to maintain its regular function, the body carefully controls the pH of the blood. The body's acid-base balance and other biological activities require a pH that is somewhat alkaline. For general health and the efficient operation of the body's systems, the body's capacity to maintain the right pH of blood is essential.
Thus, the correct option is B.
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N the cross shown here, involving two linked genes, ebony (e) and claret (ca) in drosophila, where crossing over does not occur in males, offspring were produced in this phenotypic ratio: 2 + : 1 ca : 1 e
Final answer:
The question involves the genetic cross of two linked genes in Drosophila, focusing on the phenotypic ratios of offspring without crossing over in males. It encompasses the study of genetics and linked gene inheritance patterns.
Explanation:
The student is inquiring about a genetic cross involving two specific linked genes, ebony (e) and claret (ca), in Drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies). The interest is in understanding the phenotypic ratio of the offspring produced under certain restrictions such as the lack of crossing over in male drosophila. The question seems to focus on the concepts of genetics, linked genes, and Mendelian inheritance as they apply to a practical example in Drosophila.
In the case of the genes mentioned, ebony is a body color gene, and claret is an eye color gene in fruit flies. Since the cross results in a phenotypic ratio of 2 wild-type (+): 1 claret (ca): 1 ebony (e), we can infer that the genes are linked and that the cross was designed to demonstrate the inheritance patterns of these linked genes. Understanding these patterns is essential for revealing how traits are inherited together due to their proximity on the same chromosome. Recombination frequency, which is absent in male Drosophila for these genes, plays a crucial role in inheritance patterns of linked genes.
The process by which a final product acts as an inhibitor to the enzyme that catalyzes the commitment step in a metabolic pathway is called feedback activation. positive feedback. concerted activation. feedback inhibition. competitive inhibition.
"The correct term for the process described is feedback inhibition.
Feedback inhibition is a regulatory mechanism where the final product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor to the enzyme that catalyzes the first committed step of the pathway. This is a form of negative feedback that helps to maintain homeostasis by preventing the overproduction of the end product when it is no longer needed.
To clarify the other terms mentioned:
- Positive feedback occurs when the product of a reaction stimulates the reaction's rate, leading to an amplified response.
- Concerted activation refers to a model of allosteric regulation where the binding of a ligand to one site on an enzyme affects the binding affinity at other sites, usually leading to activation.
- Feedback activation is not a commonly used term in biochemistry. Instead, feedback inhibition is the correct term for the process described.
- Competitive inhibition is a type of enzyme inhibition where the inhibitor molecule binds to the enzyme's active site, competing with the substrate for the active site.
Therefore, the term that correctly describes the process where the end product inhibits the enzyme catalyzing the commitment step in a metabolic pathway is feedback inhibition."
The pancreas contains exocrine cells that secrete digestive enzymes into the _______ , and clusters of endocrine cells called pancreatic islets, which secrete insulin and _______ , to regulate blood glucose levels.