Answer:
Yes, the random alignment of the tetrads along with the equatorial plate occurs during metaphase I.
Explanation:
After the crossing-over in prophase I, and during metaphase I, fibers of the spindle apparatus capture chromosomes and take them toward the center of the cell, to the metaphase plate. The homologous pairs of chromosomes get aligned in the metaphase plate for their posterior separation in anaphase I.
Each chromosome of the pair joins with a microtubule of only one of the spindle poles, so the two equivalent chromosomes join the fibers of opposites poles.
When they align in the center of the cell, their orientation is random.
During metaphase I of meiosis, tetrads align randomly at the metaphase plate, which ensures genetic variation in the resulting gametes due to independent assortment.
Explanation:The student's question relates to metaphase I of meiosis, a critical phase in cell division where genetic diversity is introduced into the resulting gametes. During this phase, tetrads, which have formed during earlier prophase I, align at the equator of the cell to form what is known as the metaphase plate. This alignment is random with respect to the maternal and paternal origin of each chromosome that makes up the tetrad.
Owing to this, there is an equal chance of microtubule fibers connecting to either the maternal or paternal chromosome, leading to independent assortment. This leads to numerous possible combinations when these pairs are eventually separated, contributing to genetic variation in the offspring.
Plants and algae most recently shared a common ancestor 480 million years ago, and plants colonized land shortly after that. Light, water, minerals, and dissolved gases surround the whole body of a submerged green alga, and the buoyancy of water provides physical support. What evolved in terrestrial plants to provide support and also transport water and minerals?
Answer:
The correct answer will be- the vascular system
Explanation:
The plants and algae evolved from a common ancestor and studies have also found that the algae-like Chara also evolved into plants.
The plants became adapted to grow in the terrestrial habitat by modifying themselves. The modification was that they developed the vascular system which helps them in conduction of the nutrients and water from the soil to the top of the plants and also the food to every part of the plant.
The plants also added the deposition of the cutin layer over their structure which allows the plants to stand straight and few amounts of loss of water from the plants.
Thus, the vascular system is the correct answer.
Secondary enrichment creates concentrations of metals by ________.
A. accumulating them around a black smoker vent
B. precipitating them into cracks in preexisting rocks
C. leaching them from one area and precipitating them elsewhere
D. accumulating them on the seafloor
Answer:
C. leaching them from one area and precipitating them elsewhere
Explanation:
The secondary enrichment zone is formed by the deposition of metals which are leached from above zone by the action of ground water deposition the leached metals somewhere else. Similarly, the copper deposits are also formed.
Thus the option C is the most appropriate answer to the given question.
1. In Texas, the most common causes of collisions include speeding, driving under the influence of alcohol, and _____________.
Answe Running red light and stop signs.
Speeding and failure to yield.
Explanation:
Final answer:
The most common causes of collisions in Texas are speeding, driving under the influence of alcohol, and distracted driving. Distracted driving is especially prevalent among young adult and teen drivers, who are more prone to distraction due to their developmental stage.
Explanation:
In Texas, the most common causes of collisions include speeding, driving under the influence of alcohol, and distracted driving. Distracted driving encompasses various activities that take the driver's attention away from the road, such as eating, reaching for the phone, texting, or any other activity that distracts them from focusing on driving. This is a significant issue among young adult and teen drivers, who have the highest proportion of distraction-related fatal crashes. Additionally, it's important to consider that driving with incomplete brain development can contribute to younger drivers' inability to remain focused and make good decisions, as suggested by the subject's brain development stage.
Certain factors particularly affect older drivers, such as failing eyesight and slower reflexes, combined with rapidly changing traffic conditions, which can increase the risk of accidents.
The energy available to consumers determined by subtracting the energy used by plants from the total energy transformed by the process of photosynthesis. True or False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
during photosynthesis, plants store up energy as starch, it is this starch that is the energy available to herbivours. thus the energy available to herivours is the is energy left from the difference between total energy produced during photosynthesis and the energy used by plants for the process.
Answer: false
Explanation: The law of transformation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed but are transformed from one form to another. Plants are the producers. They trap solar energy from the sunlight and transforms it into chemical energy. This chemical energy is then utilized by consumers. Hence Solar energy =chemical energy
Which of the following types of receptors are located in the mouth?
A. chemoreceptors only chemoreceptors, thermoreceptors, and nociceptors
B. only chemoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, and nociceptors
C. thermoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, and nociceptors only
Final answer:
The mouth contains chemoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, and nociceptors. These receptors are essential for the comprehensive perception of taste, texture, temperature, and potential pain from food consumption. The correct answer is B, which includes all four types of receptors.
Explanation:
The types of receptors located in the mouth include chemoreceptors, which are responsible for the sense of taste, as well as sensing chemical stimuli like odor; thermoreceptors, which detect temperature changes; mechanoreceptors, which can sense mechanical pressure and touch; and nociceptors, which are responsible for the sensation of pain. These receptors work together to provide us with a comprehensive sense of our food's taste, texture, and temperature and can signal if a food is harmful or too hot, potentially causing pain. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is B: only chemoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, and nociceptors.
Chemoreceptors are mainly found in taste buds on the tongue and are essential for detecting the five primary tastes: sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and umami. Thermoreceptors are part of the protein family that allows us to sense temperature changes, including the warmth or coolness of foods. Mechanoreceptors respond to physical stimuli like pressure and vibration, crucial for detecting the texture and consistency of food. Nociceptors alert us to potential damage, such as the pain experienced from consuming something too hot or too spicy, which can cause chemical irritation.
How did you develop from a single-celled zygote to an organism with trillions of cells?
Answer: mitosis
Explanation:when an egg is fertilized,it becomes a zygote.the zygote is single-cell and undergoes cleavage.cleavage is the mitotic division of a zygote into smaller cells also called blastomere,which forms a spherical mass.
The type of cleavage is dependent on the different animals and whether yolk is present.
As the zygote continues to grow,organs rudiments forms and organs form afterwards, through mitotic division.
In Mitosis the daughter cell has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell and it is essential in the increase of the number of cells causing growth in multicellular organisms.
Mitosis also helps to regenerate lost body parts.
The relatively long half-life of lipid-soluble hormones (steroid hormones) compared to water- soluble hormones is due in part to the way that these hormones are passed into the filtrate from the glomerular capillaries. From the list below select the best explanation for why lipid-soluble (steroid) hormones have a relatively long half-life. A) Steroid hormones travel in the plasma on large transport proteins that cannot pass through the filtration membrane. B) The large size of the steroid hormones prevents them from passing through the filtration membrane. C) Steroid hormones are absorbed by target cells before they can reach the kidneys D) The relatively small size of steroid hormones allows them to easily pass back into the peritubular capillaries if released into the filtrate
Answer:
A) Steroid hormones travel in the plasma on large transport proteins that cannot pass through the filtration membrane
Only a small amount of the energy stored in food is available to the next organism in a food chain because:
Answer:
because 90% of energy is lost in the environment as heat.
Explanation:
According to the 10% rule, only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next trophic level. It means that if the producers have 100% percent energy than only 10% of energy will be passed from producers to primary consumers.
So only a small amount of energy is transferred to the next trophic level because most of the energy is lost as heat during the oxidation of food. Therefore a very small amount of energy is transferred to the highest trophic level.
As less energy is available to support the organisms present on higher trophic level so their number is lower than the number of organisms present at lower trophic levels.
The correct option is D i.e. most of the energy is used for life processes.
In a food chain, most energy is used for life processes or lost as heat, limiting the amount of energy available to the next organism. This explains why food chains rarely exceed four or five trophic levels.
In a food chain, most of the energy is used for life processes or lost as heat. This is due to the second law of thermodynamics, which states that energy is lost as it is transferred from one trophic level to the next. For example, in the Silver Springs ecosystem study by Howard T. Odum, primary producers generated 20,819 kcal/m²/yr, but this energy reduced significantly as it moved up the chain: primary consumers generated 3368 kcal/m²/yr, secondary consumers 383 kcal/m²/yr, and tertiary consumers only 21 kcal/m²/yr. This energy loss limits the number of trophic levels in a food chain, usually to four or five levels.The complete question is
Only a small amount of the energy stored in food is available to the next organism in a food chain because
A.There are more producers than consumer in a food chain
B.There are fewer top consumers than producers in a food chain
C.Primary and secondary consumers compete for food
D.Most of the energy is used for life processes
In the F2 generation of Mendel’s crosses,
all plants had the dominant trait.
half of the plants had the dominant allele.
all plants had both the dominant and recessive alleles.
one in four plants had two alleles for the recessive trait.
Answer:
one in four plants had two alleles for the recessive trait.
Answer:
D.one in four plants had two alleles for the recessive trait.
Explanation:
How did you know that vinegar diffused into the cubes (1 point)? (Remember, as vinegar diffuses into the agar, the agar becomes more acidic. This diffusion causes the phenolphthalein indicator to change from pink to colorless.) Did the diffusion distance differ between the cubes (1 point)?
Answer:
1)Diffusion
2)yes, because of size difference
Explanation:
1) Biological cells live and grow by the inside and outside movement of molecules and diffusion is a process which takes place when molecules move from higher concentration area to lower concentration area. When cubes of agar alongwith indicator (phenophthalein) is added into vinegar, the hydrogen ions move from vinegar into the agar cubes and change in color appears. This change of color indicates the diffusion of vinegar into agar cubes
2) The diffusion distance differs between the cubes because of different sizes of the cubes. The difference in size results in difference of surface area which can be calculated by the volume of the cube. Larger the cube is, the more time vinegar will take to diffuse into the agar cube.
Vinegar diffusion into agar cubes is indicated by the phenolphthalein indicator turning from pink to colorless. The diffusion distance likely differs between cubes of different sizes due to variations in their surface area-to-volume ratios, affecting the rate of diffusion.
The visual indication of vinegar diffusing into the agar cubes can be observed through the colour change of the phenolphthalein indicator, which goes from pink to colorless as vinegar diffuses into the cube, indicating an increase in acidity. This demonstrates the movement of the vinegar into the agar by diffusion. By measuring the cube's cross-section that remains pink, we can assess the distance the vinegar diffused.
Regarding the difference in diffusion distance between the cubes, typically smaller cubes will exhibit a larger proportion of their volume changing color compared to larger cubes. This difference is due to the larger surface area-to-volume ratio in smaller cubes, which facilitates a faster rate of diffusion relative to the larger cubes with a smaller surface area-to-volume ratio.
Organisms that have cells lacking internal membrane-bound structures are called
Answer:
Explanation:
Prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane, but they have no internal membrane-bound organelles within their cytoplasm. The absence of a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles differentiates prokaryotic from another class of organisms called Eukaryotas.
Answer:
Eukaryotas
Explanation:
Do the new data support the hypothesis that the parasite switched surface glycoproteins once the host immune system responded to the original glycoprotein?
Answer:
It depends on your data, BUT read explanation
Explanation:
There are two ways to see this question and both are related to the fact that there is a parasite that could change surface glycoproteins at its will. Now, the question is when, and that when is once the host immune system attack it. If you perform an experiment where you have surface glycoproteins of the parasite without any disturb, a situation where the parasite has to respond and a control for this situation ( in this case an attack of the immune system), and the surface glycoproteins after the parasite deals with the situation you can infer some things.
First, if you compare the second surface glycoproteins in both experiments (with immune system attack and with control situation), and you see they are very different yo could say the immune system could have some influence on surface glycoproteins.
Now, you cannot infer completely, you have to see if there is a difference between the initial state of the surface glycoproteins and the final state of them after the immune system attack. There you can see if there is any difference on surface glycoproteins.
BUT you have to see if the comparison between the initial state of the surface glycoproteins and the final state of them after the control situation also changes and in what matter to see if is really the immune system the only one who affects surface glycoproteins.
When sea otters are present in a kelp forest community, there are more than 12 species in the community. If sea otters are removed, there are 5–7 species that remain in the community. These data suggest that sea otters are:
Answer:
A keystone species
Explanation:
Keystone species are the species that play an important role in maintaining the structure of the ecological community they live in and they do so by affecting the numbers and types of other organisms that are found in the same ecological community. A keystone species may not necessarily occupy the largest biomass or be the greatest in terms of productivity in the given community but the removal of keystone species has a huge impact on the survival of other species and hence, the term keystone is used. In the given example, the sea otters are also playing the role of keystone species in a kelp forest community as in their presence there are more than 12 species however once these species are removed, the number reduces down to 5-7.One of the key differences in the DSM-IV diagnosis and DSM-5 diagnosis is that ________.
A. More children will be diagnosed
B. The level of the client's severity is to be indicated
C. More clients will access services
D. Asperger's will remain as a prevalent disorder
Answer: B
Explanation: The level of the client's severity is to be indicated
TRUE OR FALSE
a gamete must contain one complete set of genes
PLEASE HELP
Answer:true
Explanation:
Answer: True
Explanation:that is my guess so good luck
A client with atrial fibrillation has been prescribed Coumadin. What is the rationale for this treatment measure?
Answer:
Coumadin is prescribed for atrial fibrillation to thin the blood and prevent the formation of clots.
Explanation:
Atrial fibrillation is characterized by inadequate pumping of blood by the atria to the ventricle. Since,the atria are in a state of fibrillation or shaking, they cannot pump blood to the ventricles. This increases the risk of blood clots forming inside the atria that could potentially increase the risk of heart attack or stroke if the clots get lodged in the coronary or carotid arteries.
Coumadin is blood thinner that minimizes the aforementioned risks.
Which symptom is common with tuberculosis?
A. rash
B. swollen lymph nodes
C. runny nose
D. coughing up blood
The symptom that is common with tuberculosis is coughing up blood, which is listed in Option D as the coughing that lasts for more than two weeks, and chest pain and coughing up blood or sputum are some of the common symptoms of tuberculosis.
What is tuberculosis?Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and it primarily affects the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body, such as the kidneys, spine, and brain, and the most common symptoms of TB are a persistent cough that lasts for more than two weeks, chest pain, and coughing up blood or sputum: these symptoms are caused by inflammation and damage to the lungs, which can occur as the bacteria multiply and spread.
Hence, the symptom that is common with tuberculosis is coughing up blood, which is listed in Option D.
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which of the following statements is correct?
Answer:
The correct answer is option c: all cells have the same genes, but different genes are active in different cells.
Explanation:
Hello!
Let's solve this!
The genes are contained in the DNA. These contain all our genetic information. Depending on the function they are going to fulfill, they express themselves or not.
All our cells have the same genes and are activated in different ways.
We conclude that the correct answer is option c: all cells have the same genes, but different genes are active in different cells.
Match the gastric phase on the left (1-3) with the correct description on the right (4-6):
1. intestinal phase 4. prepares stomach for arrival of food
2. gastric phase 5. stomach empties and decreases secretions
3. cephalic phase 6. stomach secretes juice and mixes food into chyme
Answer:
1 and 5,
2 and 6,
3 and 4
Explanation:
Intestinal phase: stomach empties and decreases secretions
The intestinal phase is the phase where stomach empties its contents(chyme) and decreases secretion. In this stage the duodenum responds to arriving chyme and moderates gastric activity through hormones and nervous reflexes.
The Chyme is the semi-fluid mass of partly digested food that is expelled by the stomach, through the pyloric valve, into the duodenum.
Gastric phase: stomach secretes juice and mixes food into chyme
The gastric phase is a period in which swallowed food and semi-digested protein ( peptides and amino acids ) activate gastric activity which secretes juice and mixes food into chyme. About two-thirds of gastric secretion occurs during this phase.
Cephalic phase: prepares stomach for arrival of food
The cephalic phase of digestion is the gastric secretion that occurs prior to when food enters the oral cavity. Cephalic phase result from the ignition of visual, olfactory, and auditory inputs to the brain and also induce anticipatory responses i.e prepare the gastrointestinal tract for the meal.
Which of the following is FALSE? a. Fats are soluble in water. b. Fats are an important energy source for our bodies at rest and during low-intensity exercise. c. Fats are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. d. Fats yield more Calories per gram than carbohydrate or protein.
Answer:a. Fats are soluble in water.
Explanation:fats are insoluble in water but are soluble in organic solvent eg acetone,benzene.
Fats stores about twice the same amount of energy as carbonhydrate.
Fat may be saturated or unsaturated.saturated fats do not contain. double bonds but unsaturated fat does.
CnH2n+1COOH is the general formula of saturated fatty acids
Fat is solid at room temp but oil is liquid at room temp.
Most animals stores excess food as fat
Final answer:
The false statement is that fats are soluble in water, which they are not due to their nonpolar nature. The other statements regarding fats being an energy source, their composition, and their caloric content compared to other nutrients are all true.
Explanation:
The false statement amongst the options provided is: a. Fats are soluble in water. This is incorrect because fats, or lipids, are insoluble in water due to their nonpolar nature. The other statements are true: b. Fats are an important energy source for our bodies at rest and during low-intensity exercise, as they provide a major source of energy in these states. c. Fats are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which are the elements that make up lipid molecules. d. Fats yield more Calories per gram than carbohydrate or protein; in fact, fats provide about 9 calories per gram, while carbohydrates and proteins only provide about 4 calories per gram.
Tim will need to take several hormone replacements because he no longer has a functioning pituitary gland. Which hormones should the doctor prescribe to time?
The doctor prescribe to time is Pituitary hormone replacement therapy.
What is Pituitary gland?When the pituitary gland produces one or more of its hormones insufficiently or at levels below normal, the disease is known as hypopituitarism.
Typically, these hormones encourage the production of other endocrine glands' hormones. For instance, the thyroid gland does not function properly if the pituitary gland does not produce the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
All endocrine glands are produced by the pituitary gland, which is situated near the base of the brain. In pituitary hormone replacement therapy, the patient receives hormones to replace those that the pituitary gland is unable to make.
Therefore, The doctor prescribe to time is Pituitary hormone replacement therapy.
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A scientist claimed that hemophilia is caused by a functional deficiency in Factor VIII. The evidence in the passage that would best support this claim is that Factor VIII is:
A.a soluble blood protein.
B.produced by a gene on the X chromosome.
C.able to relieve hemophilia symptoms.
D.encoded by a gene that contains introns.
Answer:
C. able to relieve hemophilia symptoms.
Explanation:
Hemophilia is a genetic disorder. It is an X-chromosome linked recessive disorder. It is caused by deficiency of functional blood clotting factor VIII. The Functional factor VIII al deficiency may be inherited or arise from spontaneous mutation.
The symptoms of hemophilia can be reduced partially by functional Factor VIII. This will help to counter functional deficiencies in factor VIII in the haemophilic individuals.
There are two sets of caspases opreating during apoptosis. Which of the following statements does not correctly characterize the role of these caspases? A. One set of caspases are called initators because they recevie a signal to activate the second set.
Answer:
Option D
Explanation:
Please see the attachment
Hunger is best described as__________.
A) a physiological desire to consume food.
B) a psychological desire to consume food.
C) eating that is often driven by environmental cues.
D) eating that is often driven by emotional cues.
Answer:
A) a physiological desire to consume food is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Hunger is a feeling that the person needs food to eat.Hunger makes the body weak and vulnerable to infections because the body does not get adequate food to fight against the infections and due to hunger people suffer from malnutrition and if children remain hungry they often have abnormal in their growth.hunger is caused because of poverty, job instability, food shortages, poor infrastructure, nutritional quality.Symptoms of hunger are:Feeling of growling and emptiness in the stomach.DizzinessGurgling in stomachnot able to concentrationheadacheirritabilitynauseaAnswer:
Hunger is a physiological desire to consume food.
Explanation:
Hunger is a physiological process controlled by the hypothalamus.
This helps in the secretion of different hormones that enhance the desire of hunger.
When someone eats carbohydrates rich food, insulin is secreted which uses the sugar. When there is no sugary food the insulin secretion is less.
When the person eats lipid food, another hormone will secrete called leptin. It helps in the release of energy to use in physiological activities.
Ghrelin is another hormone responsible for stomach cramps. When someone is hungry, the secretion of ghrelin is more to increase hunger. This is the very reason if a person awake at night he/she feels frequently hungry.
Membrane-enclosed organelles, such as nuclei, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and chloroplasts, A) form specialized compartments within eukaryotic cells for specific functions to occur. B) increase the structural complexity of eukaryotic cells. C) help large eukaryotic cells overcome the limitations of diffusion imposed by their large cell size. D) increase structural complexity, help eukaryotes overcome diffusion limitation due to their size, and form specialized environments for specific functions to occur.
Final answer:
The correct answer to how membrane-enclosed organelles benefit eukaryotic cells is that they increase structural complexity, help overcome limitations of diffusion due to cell size, and form specialized compartments for functions to occur.So,option D is correct.
Explanation:
Membrane-enclosed organelles provide several benefits to eukaryotic cells. These organelles, such as nuclei, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and chloroplasts, fulfil multiple essential functions. They:
Form specialized compartments within eukaryotic cells for specific functions to occur, which enables the compartmentalization that is crucial for the cells' efficient functioning. For example, mitochondria are the sites for cellular respiration, and chloroplasts are involved in photosynthesis in plant cells.
Increase the structural complexity of eukaryotic cells, contributing to their ability to perform a wide variety of functions that simpler prokaryotic cells cannot accomplish.
Help large eukaryotic cells overcome the limitations of diffusion imposed by their large cell size, allowing for the efficient transport of materials within the cell.
The correct answer to the question is, therefore, D) increase structural complexity, help eukaryotes overcome diffusion limitation due to their size, and form specialized environments for specific functions to occur.
Your grandmother unfortunately had a stroke over the weekend. You take her to the doctor, and the doctor says that despite some memory loss, her nondeclarative memory will be fine.With what form of memory will your grandmother likely NOT have any deficits?a. Picture memoryb. Memory for factsc. Memory for skillsd. None of the above
Final answer:
The grandmother with a stroke is likely to maintain her non declarative memory, which includes memory for skills, but may face deficits in declarative memory such as memory for facts.
Explanation:
In the context of memory, non declarative memory refers to the retention of skills and habits, such as how to ride a bicycle or play the piano. It contrasts with declarative memory, which is concerned with facts and events that a person can consciously recollect. Since the doctor mentioned that the grandmother's non declarative memory would be fine despite her stroke, she is most likely to maintain abilities such as memory for skills (option c). On the other hand, the memory for facts, which is part of declarative memory, may be impaired due to the stroke and the ongoing symptoms shared by Rosa's family, indicating issues with cognitive tasks including the management of her finances.
The correct option is c. Memory for skills.
Nondeclarative memory, also known as implicit or procedural memory, refers to the unconscious memory of skills and how to perform them. It is not affected by the type of stroke your grandmother experienced, which typically impacts declarative memory instead. Declarative memory includes memory for facts (semantic memory) and events (episodic memory), both of which are consciously recalled.
Let's consider the options:
a. Picture memory: This is a form of declarative memory, specifically episodic memory, which could be affected by a stroke.
b. Memory for facts: This is also a form of declarative memory, specifically semantic memory, which could be affected by a stroke.
c. Memory for skills: This is a form of nondeclarative memory and is typically spared in cases of stroke, as it is not stored in the same areas of the brain that are often damaged by strokes.
d. None of the above: This option suggests that your grandmother might have deficits in all forms of memory, which is not accurate given the information provided.
Therefore, the most accurate answer is that your grandmother will likely not have any deficits in her memory for skills, which is part of her nondeclarative memory.
Which of the following correctly predicts what would happen to a body cell if its processes were interrupted during mitosis?
A. Cells would begin dividing uncontrollably. .
B.Chromosomes would not separate into two nuclei. .
C. Chromatids would not be fully developed. .
D.The cell would not be able to grow any further. . .
Answer: The cell would not be able to grow any further.
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The excretory system is responsible for moving toxic wastes, dissolved molecules, and excess heat. You would conclude that the excretory system contributes to:_________
Answer:
The excretory system is responsible for moving toxic wastes, dissolved molecules, and excess heat. You would conclude that the excretory system contributes to: Maintaining dynamic equilibrium in the body.
Explanation:
Living cells carry out chemical reactions, necessary for their functioning. These generate several substances, some of which are unwanted by-products and can give the organism if they accumulate. That is why they have developed special mechanisms for the elimination or excretion of these residual products. Excretion is the process by which the body removes metabolic wastes from the body. The excretory system is the set of organs and ducts of the body responsible for the elimination of waste products from the body. Among the substances that the human body must eliminate are carbon dioxide (from cellular respiration), bilirubin (which comes from the degradation of red blood cells), salts, water and urea (product of protein degradation ). These substances are processed in various organs. Excretion processes are important for homeostasis, that is, the maintenance of a constant internal environment (dynamic equilibrium) for body cells.
The excretory system is defined as the system of organs and tissues, which are involved in the function of excretion of toxic substances and reabsorption of essential nutrients and water.
The excretory system contributes to maintaining the dynamic equilibrium of the body.
Functions of excretory system are:The excretory system is a complex set of organs, tissues, and ducts to eliminate the toxic, waste, and unuseful products from the body. The products such as salts, water, bilirubin, and urea are excreted by the excretory system. It is also involved in releasing excess heat from the body.
Thus, the excretory system maintains the homeostasis of the body and the constant internal environment for the body cells.
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In what type of circulation does the blood flow between the heart and lungs?
Answer:
Pulmonary circulation
Explanation:
The pulmonary circulation is the type of circulatory system that involves the flow of deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the pulmonary trunk, which transports the deoxygenated blood through the right and left pulmonary arteries to the capillary beds and arterioles of the lungs. An exchange occurs in the lungs as oxygen is absorbed from the alveoli, while carbon dioxide is released. The oxygenated blood is then returned to the left atrium and ventricle of the heart.
Your 82-year-old grandmother was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease 4 years ago. Your mother is very concerned about the potential of being diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease herself. She has been an avid runner for many years and vigorously exercises at least five times a week for 20 to 30 minutes a day. What would you tell your mother
Answer:
Basically exercise maintains the integrity of white matter which contains billions of neurons;
Therefore regular exercises reduces Alzheimer's diseases by 50 %. it stimulates the brain's ability to maintain old neuronal connections (synapses), and to make new ones.
Generally, exercise, increases cerebral blood flow, and therefore Oxygen supply to the brain.This stimulates neuronal metabolism.
Explanation: