How does the Supreme Court usually rule in cases that involve overcrowding in prisons?
The Supreme Court typically upholds state laws regarding prison sentences, including for nonviolent offenders, and is cautious in expanding rights that could lead to challenges against prison overcrowding. They evaluate each case against the Eighth Amendment's 'cruel and unusual punishments' clause, often deferring to legislative decisions on criminal penalties.
Supreme Court Rulings on Prison Overcrowding
The Supreme Court typically exercises caution when expanding rights and considers the government's need to govern and provide for the common good. For example, the constitutionality of the death penalty has been upheld by the Court, indicating that it balances individual rights with societal needs. The Court has reiterated that the Eighth Amendment does not categorically prohibit capital punishment, taking into account factors such as 'retribution and the possibility of deterrence'. With regard to cases of prison overcrowding, the Court has sometimes addressed Eighth Amendment concerns related to 'cruel and unusual punishment'.
In the context of lengthy sentences for nonviolent offenders, the Supreme Court has decided that even policies like the 'three strikes' laws are not 'grossly disproportionate' so as to violate this constitutional protection. This suggests a hesitancy to rule that long or life sentences for repeat offenders constitute cruel and unusual punishment. In these cases, the Court has generally upheld state laws against challenges that they produce overcrowded prisons.
It should be noted that while the Court may be sympathetic to arguments about prison conditions, as evidenced by past statements from former justices like Warren Burger, the Court nonetheless tends to defer to legislative decisions regarding criminal penalties and the operation of the prison system unless there is a clear constitutional violation.
What was the name given to journalist who focused on the poverty and corruption in the cities
How might a young person living in 1964 have felt upon reading theses quotes
Final answer:
The 1960s was a time of social upheaval, civil rights movements, and generational shifts that evoked a mix of emotions in young people.
Explanation:
A young person living in 1964 would have likely felt a mix of emotions upon reading these quotes. The quotes reflect the turbulent times of the 1960s, marked by social unrest, racial tensions, and calls for change.
Civil rights movements, the New Left activism, and challenges to traditional norms were prevalent themes during this period. The quotes illustrate the struggles and aspirations of various groups seeking justice, equality, and societal transformation.
The juxtaposition of generational attitudes, technological optimism, and cultural shifts in the 1960s would have evoked a sense of complexity and change for the young person living in that era.
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Which excerpt from "Foreign Lands" contains hyperbole?
A. I saw the next-door garden lie,
Adorned with flowers, before my eye,
B.Up into the cherry tree
Who should climb but little me?
C. I held the trunk with both my hands
And looked abroad on foreign lands.
D. I saw the dimpling river pass
And be the sky's blue looking-glass;
Humanism is the movement that centered around studies of medieval beliefs and church accomplishments
Which of the following U.S. territories or protectorates is in the Caribbean Sea?
The pogroms of 1881-1884 caused jews living in the russian empire to question whether russia was a rechsstaat, meaning
During the Great War, the Food Administration was headed by
Herbert Hoover was appointed as the administrator of Food during the Great War. His appointment was done by President Woodrow Wilson. Herbert Hoover was serving as Chairman of the Commission for relief in Belgium before he took charge of this post.
Later he also served as the 31st president of the United States of America from 1929 to 1933.
What was President Johnson able to do that President Kennedy had failed to do?
Final answer:
President Johnson was successful in passing the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and implementing the Great Society programs, something President Kennedy struggled to achieve due to intense resistance and his focus on foreign policy.
Explanation:
President Johnson was able to achieve legislative successes that President Kennedy was unable to accomplish. Johnson skillfully navigated the political landscape to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and other key aspects of the Great Society programs that aimed to eradicate poverty and promote equality. Unlike Kennedy, who faced intense resistance and was reluctant to expend political capital on sweeping legislation, Johnson utilized his political savvy and commitment to civil rights to persuade Congress and turn his vision into law, greatly expanding the role of the federal government in promoting economic opportunity and civil rights.
What was a provision of the magna carta
Clause 1, the freedom of the English Church.
Clause 9 the "ancient liberties" of the City of London.
Clause 29 a right to due process.
Clause 42 its lawful for subjects to leave the kingdom without prejudicing their allegiance (except for outlaws and during war)
Clause 62 pardoned those who had rebelled against the king
Who controlled almost all of North America east of the Mississippi River by 1763
Answer:
The British
Explanation:
The French lost all their territories in continental North America as a result of the French and Indian War. In 1762, the French ceded all their colonies west of the Mississippi River to the Spanish, while in 1763, with the Treaty of Paris, France ceded to the United Kingdom all its colonies east of the Mississippi.
Which one of the following methods was used only once to ratify an amendment?
Answer:
By approval of conventions in three-fourths of the states
Explanation:
Taking an approval of the three-fourths of the states is the method that was used only once to ratify an amendment. Therefore, the option B holds true.
What is the significance of state approval?State approval can be referred to or considered as an approval that is taken from the views and disagreements of the individual states for making a nationwide decision, such as implementation of a national policy.
Ratification of amendments under the constitution was also done with the help of state approval, where at least three-fourths of the states had to agree with the proposal of ratification. This method was used only once in the entire American history.
Therefore, the option B holds true and states regarding the significance of the state approval.
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The question seems to be incomplete. It has been added below.
Which one of the following methods was used only once to ratify an amendment?
A. State Committee
B. Three-fourth approval
C. Conference
D. None of these
What were the push and pull factors for immigrants coming to each region of the english colonies (new england, the middle colonies, and the southern colonies)?
The push and pull factors for immigrants coming to the English colonies varied based on religious freedom, economic opportunities, and availability of land for farming.
The push and pull factors for immigrants coming to each region of the English colonies varied based on the specific conditions and opportunities present in each region. In New England, the primary pull factor was religious freedom and the opportunity to establish Puritan communities. In the middle colonies, the pull factors included economic opportunities such as farming and trade. The southern colonies attracted immigrants due to the availability of land for farming and economic opportunities in cash crop agriculture.
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Ultimately, what moral question does zinn raise for historians to consider?
Since the late 1970s, most american families have seen their income growth stagnate, with income rising only slightly more than inflation. this has changed many americans consumers' concept of
in which Supreme Court case did the court rely on the concept of implied powers to make its ruling?
In 726 CE emperor Leo carried out an important act which completes the timeline above what symbolic Act did he carry out?
Answer:
Announces he is against icons.
Explanation:
Leo III was a Byzantine Emperor who founded the Isaurian dynasty. One of his most important contributions was the prohibition of the veneration of icons. Leo III issued a series of edicts in 726 CE in which he argued against the veneration of images (icons). This prohibition was not welcome by the population, and in fact, it was strongly opposed with hostility, causing deep divisions among the population.
to name someone as a canididate
Which of the following is not true about the major empires leading up to World War 1? The empires of Europe contained people of many ethnicities and religions the major powers were in a race to build their empire which added to their wealth and prestige The United Kingdom had one of the most extensive empires in large part due to its dominant navy Germany was a new "empire" and was eager to expand beyond its current holdings in Africa and the Pacific Most of the empires were unified by their common language and religions
The incorrect statement about empires prior to WWI is that they were unified by common language and religions, as European empires were in fact diverse in ethnicity and beliefs.
The statement among the given options that is not true about the major empires leading up to World War 1 is that 'Most of the empires were unified by their common language and religions.' In fact, many of the European empires were multi-ethnic and multi-religious. For example, the Habsburg Monarchy and the Russian Empire contained numerous ethnic groups and the Ottoman Empire, which controlled territories in the Balkans, was predominantly Muslim, contrasting with the Christian nations of Europe. The German Empire also included sizable non-German populations. However, it is noteworthy that the major European powers, such as the United Kingdom, France, and Germany, did engage in a scramble for colonies to build up their empires, which significantly contributed to their wealth and prestige. The UK, in particular, had a significant advantage due to its dominant navy.
While the ideology of nationalism grew strong during this era, suggesting that every nationality should have its own country, the empires themselves were actually complex mosaics of various languages, cultures, and religious beliefs.
Which of the following did Martin Luther believe was required for people to gain salvation?
Faith
Charity
Bible study
Good works
What was the cause of the apartheid movement in South Africa?
Answer:
was non-violent at first but became militant
Explanation: Pretty sure this is the correct answer I just took the test and I got 90%
why does moctezuma pay "great reverence" to cortes? why does cortes return the honor?
Answer:
tee hee give the other guy brainliest hfdjbfhdjvb
Explanation:
What effect did the Punic Wars have on Rome's military development
The Punic Wars resulted in major changes to Rome's military system, shifting it from seasonal campaigns to a more professional standing army and altering the political landscape within Rome by creating new political factions and debates over wealth and land distribution.
The effect of the Punic Wars on Rome's military development was significant and multifaceted. Initially, Rome did not maintain a standing army. Campaigns were seasonal, with military action generally beginning in spring and concluding with a ritual purification of the cavalry in the fall, as exemplified by the festival of the October Horse. However, the demands and challenges of the Punic Wars compelled Rome to innovate and adapt.
Following their decisive victories, the Romans overhauled their military system to establish control over the newly acquired territories. This signified a shift from seasonal campaigns to a more professional, career-oriented military as the number of economically independent citizens capable of military service dwindled. Commanders now needed to assure loyalty through promises of tangible rewards, leading to a military more loyal to individual generals than to the Roman state itself.
The abundance of resources and land acquired from the victories over Carthage also led to significant political shifts within Rome, giving rise to two new political factions: the Populares and the Optimates. Internally, this wealth distribution debate began to erode the political stability that the Republic had enjoyed, setting the stage for the eventual fall of the Roman Republic.
Breaking history into distinct periods of time is an example of
Breaking history into distinct periods of time is called periodisation, a practice used by historians to organize and analyze historical events based on significant societal changes, which are often debated for their subjective nature.
Breaking history into distinct periods of time is an example of periodisation, which is the segmentation of historical time into blocks that typically correlate with significant events, shifts in power, culture, or technology. This historiographical practice aims to facilitate analysis and instruction by providing a framework within which historians and students can better understand the complex flow of human events. Historians divide history into such periods—like the Renaissance, Victorian England, or the age of Colonial America—to identify and analyze changes and characteristics specific to these times. Periods can also be controversial due to the subjective selection of dividing points and the imposition of current values on past events. The concept and practice of periodisation also reflect the natural human tendency to seek order in the passage of time, relating to a broader understanding of history and time in terms of culture, climate, and natural events as suggested by works on 'superhistory' and 'Big History'.
The Iran-Contra affair during the Reagan administration began with the U.S. selling arms to Iran in exchange for what?
In 1781, what was the first planet to be discovered using the telescope?
In 1781, the first planet to be discovered using the telescope was Uranus.
What are planets?Planets are the celestial body that orbits around the sun. There are 8 planet in our solar system i.e. Mercury, Venus, earth, mars, Jupiter, Saturn , Neptune and Uranus.
Uranus was the first planet to be discovered by the telescope in 1781 which expanded the limits of the solar system.
Thus the correct option is Uranus.
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Which political party function involves putting where a candidate stands on the "issues" into writing? designing a platform choosing a candidate running a campaign financing a campaign
The correct answer is A. Designing a platform
Explanation:
In politics, the "platform" refers to the goals, projects, ideas, beliefs and ideologies supported by a candidate. This means if political parties design a platform they decide on the goals and projects the candidate but also the position and beliefs of the candidate that are expected would help him/her to get votes and support from citizens. Additionally, in the process of designing a platform political parties focus on addressing complex issues the citizens are interested in. According to this, it is designing a platform the function of political parties that involves putting where a candidate stands on the "issues" into writing.
During the colonial era in America, slave codes
The options of the question are, A) empowered slaved people to gather together. B) encouraged slaved people to revolt and fight back. C) gave whites more power over enslaved people. D) caused a reduction of the workforce on plantations.
The correct answer is C) gave whites more power over enslaved people.
During the colonial era in Ameria, slaves’ codes gave whites more power over enslaved people.
In colonial America, the slaves’ codes were rules that reinforced the idea that slaves were a property of the owners. The white owners did not want a rebellion on the part of the slaves. The codes were enforced with punishments or imprisonment.
why do some historians argue that the advent of agriculture was an unfortunate development?
How did African Americans win greater social rights between 1920 and the 1960s
African Americans won greater social rigts between 1920 and the 1960s through the Civil Rights Movement; which involved non-violent protests, speeches and Supreme Court battles. These events eventually resulted in the passing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
The civil rights movement was an organized effort carried out by black Americans to put an end to racial discrimination and achieve equal rights under the law. It kicked off in the late 1940s and ended in the late 1960s.