Use Hess’s Law to calculate the heat of reaction for the following reaction:

A + 3B → 3C + 2D



A + 2B → C + D H= -20 kJ

B → 2C + D H= -45 kJ

Question 10 options:

+25 kJ


-65 kJ


-25 kJ


+65 kJ

Distribute the 2 through the parentheses

on the right side of the equation.

2(y) is 2y and 2(2) is 4.

So the problem now reads 6 = 2y + 4.

Now we can subtract 4 from both

sides of the equation to get 2 = 2y.  

Now divide both sides of the

equation by 2 and 1 = y.

Answer:

6tfvygvbhj

Explanation:

Answer:

See explanation.

Explanation:

Hello,

Haber process is defined as the widely acknowledged productive process of ammonia by the reaction:

[tex]N_2(g)+3H_2(g)\rightleftharpoons 2NH_3(g)[/tex]

Which is carried out in gaseous phase. Thus, by means of the Le Chatelier's principle, it is possible to know that its standard enthalpy of reaction is -45.90 kJ/mol (NIST webbook) for which it is an exothermic chemical reaction, for that reason less ammonia will be produced at high temperature, nonetheless, the temperature should not be too low since the reaction rate significantly decrease, therefore, the optimum found temperature is 450 °C.

Moreover, since there are more moles (3+1=4) at the reactants and less moles at the products (2), increasing the pressure of the reaction increases the yield of ammonia, nonetheless, higher pressures involve the purchasing of more expensive equipment to withstand the high-pressures, for that reason, the best found pressure has been set as 200 atm.

Best regards.

Answer:

Lower temperature and higher pressure favours the forward reaction in the Haber process

Explanation:

The equation of the Haber process for the production of ammonia is;

3H2(g) + N2(g) ⇄2NH3(g)

The Haber process involves the combination of hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas in a ratio of 3:1.

In the Haber process, the forward reaction is exothermic, hence the reverse reaction is endothermic. The implication of this is, as temperature is increased, the position of equilibrium moves to the left, and the yield of ammonia decreases. Decrease in temperature will favour the forward reaction. Hence the process is operated at a lower temperature of 450°C.

Secondly, the total number of volumes on the reactant side is 4 volumes whereas the total number of volumes on the product side is 2 volumes. Increase in pressure will favour the direction producing a lesser total volume. Hence increasing the pressure to about 200 atmospheres will favour the forward reaction thus more ammonia is produced

Answer: 252.77 g of potassium nitrate

Explanation:

2.50 mol KNO3  x __101.108 g__ = 252.77 g of KNO3

                                1 mol KNO3

The mass and the amount of substance of any sample of the known compound is called as molar mass. 252.77grams are there in 2.50 moles of potassium nitrate KNO₃.

The term molar mass is defined as the ratio between the mass and the amount of substance of any sample of the known compound. A mole of any substance is 6.022 × 10²³ molecules.

1 mole = 6.022 × 10²³ elementary entities.

The molar mass of a substance is calculated by adding the quality atomic masses in g/mol of the constituent atoms. Molar mass is represented by the symbol "M".

The molar mass of  KNO₃ is 101.108 gram

1 mol KNO₃ =  101.108 gram

Then,

2.50 mol KNO₃  x __101.108 g__ = 252.77 g of KNO₃

Thus, 252.77grams are there in 2.50 moles of potassium nitrate KNO₃.

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Answer:

oxidation takes place at the anode while reduction takes place at the cathode.

Explanation:

In the process of electrolysis the electric current is passed accross an ionic compound, the compound could either be in it's molten state or dissolved in a solvent. When there is connection between the anode and cathode are by a wire, there is always a flow of electrons from anode to cathode.

A redox reaction reffers to a chemical reaction in which there are both process of oxidation and the process of reduction i.e loss of election and gain of electrons occured simultaneously.

During the process of electrolysis, there is oxidation of an ion at anode which is the negative charged electrode, reduction as well takes occur at cathode which is the positively charged electrode at the same time.

Answer:

In both types of voltaic and electrolytic cells the redox process that takes place at the anode is oxidation while the redox process that takes place at the anode is reduction

Explanation:

Electrons flow from the anode, the negative electrode to the cathode, the negative electrode.

Since oxidation involves the loss of an electron, therefore, oxidation takes place at the anode. Conversely, since reduction involves the gaining of an electron, the redox reduction process takes place at the cathode.

The cathode and anode form the electrodes in the voltaic cell through which electrons flow from one half cell, the anodic cell, to the other half cell, the cathodic cell.

Final answer:

According to Boyle's law, the volume of a gas can be reduced by increasing its pressure, assuming constant temperature and amount of gas. This relationship demonstrates that volume and pressure are inversely proportional to each other. The correct option is c.

Explanation:

According to Boyle's law, to reduce the volume of a gas, one would need to increase its pressure, provided the temperature and the amount of the gas remain constant. Boyle's law explains that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure; thus, decreasing the volume leads to an increase in pressure. This relationship is visually represented in graphs that plot pressure against volume.

When Boyle's law is applied to a specific amount of gas at a constant temperature, pressing down on the plunger of an airtight syringe will decrease the volume of the gas and simultaneously increase its pressure. Conversely, pulling the plunger out will increase the volume and the pressure will decrease accordingly.

Answer:

I don't know what your options are on this question.

pH refers to a solutions' acidity. The acidity is ranked from 0 to 14. 0 to 6 means a solution is acidic. 7 is neutral. 8 to 14 is non-acidic, or a base or alkaline. The farther away from 7 the more acidic or the more non-acidic  the solution is.

I hope this helps.  

Explanation:

Answer:

A. the negative log of the hydronium ion concentration

Explanation:

just took the quiz on Edg

Answer: d) [tex]MgCl_2[/tex] and [tex]H_2O[/tex]​

Explanation:

A double displacement reaction is one in which exchange of ions take place. The salts which are soluble in water are designated by symbol (aq) and those which are insoluble in water and remain in solid form are represented by (s) after their chemical formulas.

A neutralization reaction is a double displacement reaction in which an acid reacts with base to produce salt and water. The [tex]H^+[/tex] ions from water reacts with [tex]OH^-[/tex] ions from base to give water.

[tex]2HCl+Mg(OH)_2\rightarrow MgCl_2+2H_2O[/tex]

Thus products that will be released when the antacid is mixed with the hydrochloric acid in the stomach are [tex]MgCl_2[/tex] and [tex]H_2O[/tex]​

Final answer:

When magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach, water (H₂O) and magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) are produced.

Explanation:

When an antacid such as magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) is mixed with hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach, the following reaction occurs:

2 HCl(aq) + Mg(OH)₂ (aq) → 2 H₂O(l) + MgCl₂ (aq)

This reaction produces water (H₂O) and magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) as the products.

Answer:

Although it is unbalanced, it can be balanced by using the half-reaction method  

Explanation:

Skeleton half-reaction:                         IO₃⁻ ⟶ I₂

Balance atoms other than O and H: 2IO₃⁻ ⟶ I₂

Balance O:                                           2IO₃⁻ ⟶ I₂ + 6H₂O

Balance H:                                           2IO₃⁻  + 12 H⁺ ⟶ I₂ + 6H₂O

Balance charge:                                 2IO₃⁻  + 12 H⁺ + 10e⁻ ⟶ I₂ + 6H₂O

A and C are wrong. The original equation is not balanced. It has 3 O on he left and none on the right.

D is wrong. You can't balance any equation by using spectator ions.

A. Although it is unbalanced, it can be balanced by using the half-reaction method.

The half-reaction approach is a manner to balance redox reactions. It involves breaking the general equation down into an oxidation element and a discount component. ChemistryStoichiometry of Oxidation-discount Reactions.

example: Zn and Cu Galvanic cell

at the Zn anode, oxidation takes place (the metal loses electrons). that is represented within the following oxidation 1/2 reaction (note that the electrons are on the product's aspect): Zn(s) → Zn2+ + 2e. at the Cu cathode, reduction takes place (electrons are accepted)

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Answer: dissociates in water, is an electrolyte, and is a salt

Explanation:

Answer:

a

b

d

edge 2021

Explanation:

1. How many moles of H₂ would be required to produce 9.0 grams of water?

The answer would be approximately 0.4495 moles of H₂.

2. What mass of H₂O is formed when excess H₂ reacts with 64 g of O₂?

A mass of  72g H₂O will be formed.

3.How many moles of SnF₂ will be produced along with 48 grams of H₂?

Approximately 23.811 moles of SnF₂ will be produced.

4. How many moles of sodium are required to produce 40. grams of NaOH?

The answer would be approximately 1.000722 moles of sodium.

I could only answer 4 of them so sorry, I had like check over it.

The last 2 were super confusing for me.

Answer: 319.9g

Explanation:

Mass of graduated cylinder with water = 534.26g

Mass of  graduated cylinder = 214.36g

Mass of just water = Mass of graduated cylinder with water - Mass of graduated cylinder.

Mass of just water = 534.26g  -  214.36 g =  319.9g

Answer:

Element P is a nonmetal

There will be a difference in the nature of oxides formed by P and Q.

Explanation:

Nonmetals are known to be brittle. Nonmetals do not conduct electricity due to a large gap between the valence band and the conduction band. Metals have little difference between the valence and the conduction band hence they are good conductors of electricity. Metals are also known to be malleable and ductile unlike nonmetals.

Metal form basic oxides which dissolve in water to give alkaline solutions. Nonmetals form acidic oxides which dissolve in water to give alkaline solutions. Hence there is a difference between metal oxides (oxides of element Q) and nonmetal oxides (oxides of element P).

The term for the different forms of a gene for a given trait is alleles. Therefore, option C is correct.

Leading texts on genetics and evolution define an allele as a different variation of the same sequence of nucleotides at the same location on a long DNA molecule. "The chromosomal or genomic location of a gene or any other genetic element is called a locus, and alternative DNA sequences at a locus are called alleles.

Any one of two or more genes that may alternately appear at a specific position on a chromosome is known as an allele, also known as an allelomorph. The expression of a specific trait may be influenced by a single allele, many alleles, or pairs of alleles.

A kind of gene is an allele. Individual qualities are determined by genes. Alleles play a part in the diversity of phenotypic expression.

Thus, option C is correct.

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Answer:

A. 1.806x10^24 molecules of Pb(NO3)2

B. 18 oxygen atoms.

C. 2 moles of Al(NO3)3.

D. The mole ratio of Pb(N03)2 to Al(N03)3 is 3 : 2

Explanation:

The balanced equation for the reaction is given below:

2Al(s) + 3Pb(NO3)2(aq) —> 2Al(NO3)3(aq) + 3Pb (s)

A. Determination of the number molecules of Pb(NO3)2 used in the reaction. This is illustrated below.

From the balanced equation above, 3 moles of Pb(NO3)2 were used in reaction.

From Avogadro's hypothesis, 1 mole of any substance contains 6.02x10^23 molecules. This means that 1 mole of Pb(NO3)2 contains 6.02x10^23 molecules.

Now, if 1 mole of Pb(NO3)2 contains 6.02x10^23 molecules,

then, 3 moles of Pb(NO3)2 will contain = 3 x 6.02x10^23 = 1.806x10^24 molecules.

Therefore, 1.806x10^24 molecules of Pb(NO3)2 is used in the reaction.

B. Determination of the number of oxygen atom used in the reaction.

This is illustrated below:

To obtain the number of oxygen atom used in the reaction, we simply do a head count of the oxygen atom in the reactant.

The reactant containing oxygen is Pb(NO3)2 and there are 3 moles of it according to the balanced equation.

There are a total of 18 oxygen atom in 3 moles of Pb(NO3)2. Therefore, 18 oxygen atoms are used in the reaction.

C. Determination of the number of mole of Al(NO3)3 formed.

From the balanced equation above, 2 moles of Al(NO3)3 are formed

D. Determination of the mole ratio of Pb(N03)2 to Al(N03)3

From the balanced, 3 moles of Pb(N03)2 reacted and 2 moles of Al(N03)3 are produced.

Therefore, the mole ratio of Pb(N03)2 to Al(N03)3 is 3 : 2

Answer:

i think the answer is graph 2 and 4

Explanation:

i took the same test and asked for help, not 100% sure about the answer but thats what i chose and i got a good grade. hope it helps

Answer:

(c)(i) The order of the reaction based on the graph provided is first order.

(ii) 99% of the cyclobutane would have decomposed in 53.15 milliseconds.

d) Rate = K [Cl₂]

K = rate constant

The justification is presented in the Explanation provided below.

e) A catalyst is a substance that alters the rate of a reaction without participating or being used up in the reaction.

Cl₂ is one of the reactants in the reaction, hence, it participates actively and is used up in the process of the reaction, hence, it cannot be termed as a catalyst for the reaction.

So, this shows why the student's claim is false.

Explanation:

To investigate the order of a reaction, a method of trial and error is usually employed as the general equations for the amount of reactant left for various orders are known.

So, the behaviour of the plot of maybe the concentration of reactant with time, or the plot of the natural logarithm of the concentration of reactant with time.

The graph given is evidently an exponential function. It is a graph of the concentration of cyclobutane declining exponentially with time. This aligns with the gemeral expression of the concentration of reactants for a first order reaction.

C(t) = C₀ e⁻ᵏᵗ

where C(t) = concentration of the reactant at any time

C₀ = Initial concentration of cyclobutane = 1.60 mol/L

k = rate constant

The rate constant for a first order reaction is given

k = (In 2)/T

where T = half life of the reaction. It is the time taken for the concentration of the reactant to fall to half of its initial concentration.

From the graph, when the concentration of reactant reaches half of its initial concentration, that is, when C(t) = 0.80 mol/L, time = 8.0 milliseconds = 0.008 s

k = (In 2)/0.008 = (0.693/0.008) = 86.64 /s

(ii) Calculate the time, in milliseconds, that it would take for 99 percent of the original cyclobutane at 1270 K to decompose

C(t) = C₀ e⁻ᵏᵗ

when 99% of the cyclobutane has decomposed, there's only 1% left

C(t) = 0.01C₀

k = 86.64 /s

t = ?

0.01C₀ = C₀ e⁻ᵏᵗ

e⁻ᵏᵗ = 0.01

In e⁻ᵏᵗ = In 0.01 = -4.605

-kt = -4.605

t = (4.605/k) = (4.605/86.64) = 0.05315 s = 53.15 milliseconds.

d) The reaction mechanism for the reaction of cyclopentane and chlorine gas is given as

Cl₂ → 2Cl (slow)

Cl + C₅H₁₀ → HCl + C₅H₉ (fast)

C₅H₉ + Cl → C₅H₉Cl (fast)

The rate law for a reaction is obtained from the slow step amongst the the elementary reactions or reaction mechanism for the reaction. After writing the rate law from the slow step, any intermediates that appear in the rate law is then substituted for, using the other reaction steps.

For This reaction, the slow step is the first elementary reaction where Chlorine gas dissociates into 2 Chlorine atoms. Hence, the rate law is

Rate = K [Cl₂]

K = rate constant

Since, no intermediates appear in this rate law, no further simplification is necessary.

The obtained rate law indicates that the reaction is first order with respect to the concentration of the Chlorine gas and zero order with respect to cyclopentane.

e) A catalyst is a substance that alters the rate of a reaction without participating or being used up in the reaction.

Cl₂ is one of the reactants in the reaction, hence, it participates actively and is used up in the process of the reaction, hence, it cannot be termed as a catalyst for the reaction.

So, this shows why the student's claim is false.

Hope this Helps!!!

(i) The order of reaction is first order.

(ii) It requires 53.15 miliseconds for 99% decomposition.

(d) Rate law = k [[tex]\rm Cl_2[/tex]].

(e) Chlorine gas is the reactant. Thus student claim is false.

(i) The order of reaction can be determined with the help of a graph. The graph depicts the exponential behavior of decomposition of cyclobutane with respect to time.

The graph depicts the reaction to be of first-order kinetics. The general concentration expression can be:

[tex]\rm C_(_t_)\;=\;C_(_0_)\;e^-^k^t[/tex]

Where, [tex]\rm C_(_t_)[/tex] = concentration at time t

[tex]\rm C_(_0_)[/tex] = initial concentration 1.60 mol/liter

k = rate constant

for first order reaction,

k = In [tex]\rm \frac{2}{Half\;time}[/tex]

From the graph, half time  = 0.008 sec

k = In [tex]\rm \frac{2}{0.008}[/tex]

k = 86.64 / sec.

(ii) The time required for 99% decomposition can be calculated, by calculating the [tex]\rm C_(_t_)[/tex] for left 1 % solution.

[tex]\rm C_(_t_)\;=0.01\;C_(_0_)[/tex]

0.01 [tex]\rm C_(_0_)[/tex] = [tex]\rm C_(_0_)[/tex] [tex]\rm e^-^k^t[/tex]

-kt = -4.605

t = 53.15 miliseconds

(d) The rate law is obtained against the reaction.

In rate law, the intermediates that appear in the reaction are removed, and the equation has been formed.  

The slow step is the formation of Chlorine. Thus the rate law will be:

Rate = k [[tex]\rm Cl_2[/tex]]

(e) The catalyst function in improvising the rate of the reaction. Since, the reaction has chlorine as the part of the reactant, it is consumed in the reaction and thus does not act as a catalyst. Thus the claim of the student is false.

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Answer:

B. Compare the speed of her toy to another similar toy.

Explanation:

A body is said to be in motion when there is a change in position with respect to time. The speed of a body in motion is a measurement of distance to time. The formula is given thus;

Speed = Distance * Time

To accurately determine the fastness or slowness of a moving object, comparisons should be made, or a standard used to ascertain the truth. When a comparison is made with an object with similar characteristics, then it becomes easier to know which is moving faster or slower when the speeds are compared. An average can be obtained, and if the speed of the object being checked falls below average, then it is slow. If the speed is above average, then it is fast.

So, for Yasmine to know if her toy is moving fast or slow, she needs to compare hers with another similar toy.

Yasmine can determine the speed of her toy by measuring the distance it travels in a set time, comparing this speed to another toy, or calculating the duration the toy travels for a fixed distance.

To determine if her toy moves fast or slow, Yasmine can conduct a few simple tests. First, she can measure the distance her toy travels over a certain period of time. This is the basic principle behind speed, which is defined as distance travelled per unit of time. The larger the distance it can travel in a short time, the faster the toy is.

Secondly, she may compare the speed of her toy with another similar toy. If her toy travels the same distance in less time, then it's faster. If it takes more time, then it's slower.

Lastly, Yasmine can calculate how long the toy travels for a fixed distance. The shorter the time taken, the faster the toy is.

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Answer: yes, and I got the correct answer

Explanation:

Yes, the equation has been set up correctly and the right answer is obtain. Therefore, option A is correct.

The balance equation is defined as when the total mass of the reactant is exactly equal to the total mass of the product. By the law of conservation of mass for balance equation both reactant and products mass are same.

The given equation for the reaction of potassium permanganate has been given as follows :

2 KMnO₄ + 16 HCl ⇒ 2MnCl₂ + 5Cl₂ + 8H₂O

The amount of water formed from 3.45 mol potassium per magnate has been given as follows:

2mol KMnO₄ = 8 mole of H₂O

3.45 mol KMnO₄ = 3.45 × 8/2 mole of H₂O

The given equation has been similar to the equation set up. Hence,the equation has been set up correctly and got the answer right.

Thus, option A is correct.

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The question involves the application of Charles' Law. For a gas at constant pressure, when the volume increases from 350 ml to 400 ml, the temperature also increases. The new temperature is approximately 91 °C.

This question involves the concept of Charles' Law in the subject of physics, which states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature provided pressure remains constant. So, if a gas's volume increases, its temperature should increase as well, and vice versa. We can set up the following equation based on Charles' Law: V1/T1 = V2/T2, where V1 = 350 ml, T1 = 45 °C + 273 = 318 K (you must convert Celsius to Kelvin in gas law problems), V2 = 400 ml, and T2 is what we're trying to find.

After substituting the known values, we have 350/318 = 400/T2. Solving for T2 gives us approximately 364 K. Finally, we convert this back into °C by subtracting 273, so the new temperature T2 is around 91 °C.

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Answer:

6 liters

Explanation:

6 mol/1 M=6 L

-got it correct

-plz mark brainliest

The volume required to prepare 1 M of NaOH solution is 6 L.

Molarity is defined as the mole of solute per unit litre of solution. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:

Molarity = mole / Volume

With the above formula, we can obtain the volume required as follow:

Molarity = mole / Volume

1 = 6 / Volume

Cross multiply

1 × Volume = 6

Volume = 6 L

Thus, 6 L is required to prepare the solution.

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Answer:

Increase pressure

Explanation:

Liquids and solids exhibit practically no change of solubility with changes in pressure. Gases as might be expected, increase in solubility with an increase in pressure. This is typified by Henry's law. Henry's Law states that: The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of that gas above the surface of the solution.

Temperature affects the solubility of both solids and gases, but pressure only affects the solubility of gases. Surface area does not affect how much of a solute will be dissolved, but it is a factor in how quickly or slowly the substance will dissolve.

The solubility of a solid may increase or decrease with increasing temperature, whereas the solubility of a gas decreases with an increase in temperature and a decrease in pressure.

Since the chemical referred to in the question can not be a gas, then increase in pressure will not affect its solubility.

Answer: The answer to this question is B if you are taking the test on Plato.

Answer:

One month is not enough time to determine whether the price is at a low.

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

0.500. I'm 100% sure this is the correct answer.

Answer:

0.500

Explanation:

First the equation is

H2S04 = 2H+  + S04-

In this equation Liters will stay the same throughout and there is a ration value. Since hydrogen has a coefficent of 2, you must multiple 0.250 by 2 which gets you the value of 0.500 which is the answer to your question..

Answer:75

Explanation:Hello Bella, how are you today? Looking for my answer I see. Good luck, and next time don't use your real name.

Answer:

Endothermic

Explanation:

Answer:

Endothermic

Explanation:

Correct on edge!

Answer:

4: B

5: C

6: B

Explanation:

Q4) Potential Energy is changed into Kinetic Energy

Q5) Potential Energy only

Q6)At the bottom

Hope it helps :)

Answer: antarctica

Explanation: it stays cold year round never gets warm

Answer:

Antarctica

Explanation:

Antarctica is covered with ice year round. Therefore, I do believe that it is a frozen desert all year round.

Final answer:

The inverse molar mass of carbon, based on its average molar mass of 12.011 g/mol, is approximately 0.08326 mol/g. This value is useful for calculating the number of moles in a given mass of carbon.

Explanation:

The inverse molar mass of carbon refers to the number of moles per gram rather than grams per mole. Since the average molar mass of carbon is 12.011 g/mol, the inverse molar mass would be 1 divided by 12.011 g/mol. Conducting this calculation provides the inverse:

1 / 12.011 g/mol ≈ 0.08326 mol/g

This value represents the number of moles of carbon present in one gram of carbon. The fractional abundance of isotopes does not affect this conversion, as it is based on the average molar mass listed on the periodic table.

When performing chemical calculations, the inverse molar mass is useful for finding the amount of substance when you have a given mass. In this case, the inverse molar mass of carbon can be used to quickly determine how many moles of carbon there are in a sample by simply multiplying the mass of the sample by 0.08326 mol/g.

Final answer:

The inverse molar mass of carbon is approximately 0.08326 mol/g, which is calculated by taking the reciprocal of the average molar mass of carbon (12.011 g/mol).

Explanation:

The inverse molar mass of carbon refers to the reciprocal of the molar mass of carbon. Since the average molar mass of carbon is listed as 12.011 g/mol, the inverse molar mass would be 1 divided by 12.011 g/mol. Therefore, the inverse molar mass of carbon is approximately 0.08326 mol/g.

It's important to remember that when calculating the inverse molar mass, we are essentially determining how many moles of carbon are present in one gram. This value can be useful in various chemistry calculations, particularly in stoichiometry where conversion between mass and moles is frequently required.

Answer: A. 2.3

Explanation:

pH of a solution is given by the following mathematical expression;

pH = - Log [ H+]

     =  -Log [ 5.4 x 10-3]

     = 3 - 0.7324

pH  = 2.27 aprrox 2.3