What is the average lifespan of an individual with dmd? what are some of the more common causes of death in individuals with this disease?

Answers

Answer 1
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) leads to progressively worsening physical disability. Death often occurs by age 25, typically from lung disorders. However, advances in supportive care have resulted in many men living much longer than this.Specific common causes of death include: Cardiomyopathy (can also occur in female carriers, who should also be screened) Congestive heart failure (rare) Deformities Heart arrhythmias (rare) Mental impairment (varies, usually minimal) Permanent, progressive disability, including decreased mobility and decreased ability to care for self Pneumonia or other respiratory infections Respiratory failure

Related Questions

What will happen to living systems if bicaarbonate, citrate and phosphate buffers didn't exist?

Answers

Buffers such as bicarbonate buffer, citrate buffer and phosphate buffer are important in living system. pH of blood is near to neutrality (7.4). If the pH of blood increases, these buffers help in maintaining the blood pH. Increase in blood pH leads to certain diseases such as alkalosis. This further leads to muscle spasm and respiratory diseases.

Bicarbonate buffer helps to maintain the blood pH if it falls towards acidic range or increases towards alkalinity. It helps in decreasing acidity and increasing alkalinity by forming carbon dioxide gas. Increase in blood pH towards alkalinity is also maintained by excreting the bicarbonates into the urine. Similar action is also seen in case of phosphate buffer and citrate buffer.

Answer: If these buffers are not present in a living system then the change of pH cannot be altered or put back to normal. These buffers help to maintain the pH of the living system so that cells can work properly.

The two major electrolytes outside your cells and in your blood are

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sodium and phosphate.

A nursing student is preparing a presentation illustrating the human genome project. which function will the student point out as being the primary focus

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Identification of human genes and functions
Explanation:

The Human Genome Project was founded in 1990 and its primary purpose was to identify and label all human genes and their functions. Information from the HGP may eventually be used in genetic testing, the detection of mutations or variations in children, and gene therapy.

Answer:  

As a nursing student is preparing a presentation on the human genome project the student will point out the functional role of the human genome project in diagnosis and prevention of genetic disease.

She will point out how the human genome project has helped out to discover more than 1800 disease genes how the cause of any genetic disease can be found within days rather than years used to be taken before the completion of the human genome project.

She will also point out how the human genome project helped the evolution of gene therapy by sequencing all the nucleotides and identifying all the genes present in the human body.

Which is an example of feedback inhibition answers?

Answers

For example, the effect of the thyroid on the hypophysis is negative feedback or feedback inhibition.

Hypophysis produces the hormone TSH to stimulate the thyroid gland to produce its hormones (T3 e T4). To not exceed the quantity of T3 e T4, these hormones will inhibit the hypophysis so that it stops or decreases the release of TSH, thus reducing the stimulation of the thyroid.






For what side effects should the nurse ask the patient to be watchful when administering mixed alpha/beta agonists?

Answers

A agonist of alpha and beta receptores would be something like noradrenaline or epinephrine.
A agonist like that would cause the following side effects associated with the heart : vasoconstriction and the work of the heart increases. If the patient suffers from coronary heart disease, it would also cause angina, from the oxygen demand. Some other side effects would be sedation, impotence, bradycardia, orthostatic hypotension, and impotence, constipation, nausea, etc.

These types of drugs stimulate the adrenergic receptor sites and stimulate the release of norepinephrine from the terminal nerve ending. Adrenergic drugs stimulate the nerves in your body's sympathetic nervous system (SNS). This system helps regulate your body's reaction to stress or emergency. During times of stress, the SNS releases chemical messengers from the adrenal gland. These chemical messengers act on your body to increase heart rate, sweating, and breathing rate and to decrease digestion. This is sometimes called the fight or flight response.

With as much detail as possible give another example of an analogy for describing the difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells

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The detailed example of analogy for describing the difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells are 
Prokaryotic cells are to eukaryotic cells as a Honda is to a Ferrari. Prokaryotic cells is a unicellular organism that are the earliest and most primitive forms of life on earth and Eukaryotic cells is a cell that have a cell nucleus and other organelles enclosed within membranes.

Which concerns about parenthood are often expressed by visually impaired mothers (select all that apply)?

Answers

where are the options at

Plants contain pigments called ____________ that can be turned into vitamin a in the body if needed.

Answers

Plants contain pigments called carotenoids that can be turned into vitamin A in the body if needed. Hope this helps!

Which observation tool allows Shauna’s doctor to monitor her blood circulation in real-time?

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Final answer:

Shauna's doctor can use tools like a blood pressure cuff, automated wrist devices, and imaging techniques like thallium stress tests and echocardiograms to monitor her blood circulation real-time.

Explanation:

Shauna's doctor can monitor her blood circulation in real-time with several potential tools. One common technique is the use of a blood pressure cuff and a stethoscope. This involves wrapping an inflatable cuff around Shauna's arm, injecting air into the cuff to temporarily cut off blood flow, and then allowing the air to gradually escape while listening for Korotkoff sounds. This method effectively measures blood flow and records pressure.

Another tool that's often used is an automated equipment that works on similar principles but with advanced innovation. This small device wraps around the wrist and records the blood pressure while the patient holds their wrist above their heart, giving real-time data.

More advanced techniques involve the use of imaging techniques such as thallium stress tests and echocardiograms which visually analyze heart function and blood circulation in real-time. These tests, used primarily in cardiology, provide comprehensive images of the heart and its functioning.

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A stream of water will bend toward a balloon that has been rubbed on a sweater to generate static charge. which property of water is responsible for this behavior ?

Answers

the polarity of the water molecule 

hope this helps have a great day

Answer:

The correct answer is the polarity of the water molecule.

Explanation:

When a balloon is rubbed on a sweater it acquires a charge on its surface that produces a static charge on it. Thus, when a stream of water is targeted over the balloon, the bending of the stream of water takes place towards the balloon that exhibits static charge over it, as water possesses a dipole moment of 1.85. The production of dipole moment takes place when there is a separation of charge between the terminals of the molecule.

In an experiment, there are two groups. Which group is not changed in any way? hypothesis experimental variable control Description

Answers

The group that is not changed in an experiment is the control group, or control.

Answer:

Control group

Explanation:

An experiment includes control, dependent variable and independent variable to test the validity of proposed hypothesis. Both dependent and independent variable exhibit changes during experimentation while control group does not undergo any changes. Control group is included so as to rule out possibility of any effect of environmental conditions on the results.

The purple color in a purple pea plant is dominant to a white-color. what would be the expected outcome of a cross between a purple-flowered pea plant, and a white-flowered pea plant?

Answers

Well, it depends on the purple pea plant. Purple pea plants can have either PP or Pp.

White pea plants always have recessive, so it would have pp only.

So, the expected outcome of the cross would be - 
PP x pp or Pp x pp

PP x pp = all the offspring would be purple in colour 
 or 
Pp x pp = half would be purple and the other half would be white


Grasslands are considered transitional biomes. for which two biomes would grasslands be considered a transition? forest and tundra desert and savannah forest and savannah prairie and savannah desert and forest

Answers

Final answer:

Grasslands can act as a transitional biome between forests and deserts, as well as forests and tundras, specifically for forest and savannah, and prairie and savannah.

Explanation:

Grasslands are often referred to as transitional biomes because they can be found between forests and deserts, as well as between forests and tundras. These ecosystems are dominated by grasses rather than large shrubs or trees, and the two biomes for which grasslands can be considered a transition are forest and savannah, and prairie and savannah. The temperate grassland biome, for example, has characteristics that are intermediate between those of forests and deserts, where precipitation is too low to support a forest, but greater than that which would permit a desert to form.

Similarly, tropical and subtropical grasslands, which include savannas, act as a transition between tropical forests and more arid environments like deserts. These grasslands are characterized by seasonal droughts and fires which inhibit the development of tree-cover, making it a transitional zone between the lush forests and the dry deserts.

Gas giants have rings and satellites. True or False

Answers

True

Hope this Helps!!!
That statement is True
Gas giants refer to the large planets the made up from large composition of gas.
These planets are located significantly further from the sun compared to another planet, which makes them have more debris left over from their formation, which will turn either into rings or moons (satellites) that surround these planets.

What is one way the vision of primates is different from that of other animals?

Answers

Us humans have trichromatic vision also known as three color vision. We have 3 types of light sensitive retinas in our eyes that appear green, blue and red. Howler monkeys is trichromatic. The owl monkey is monochromatic seeing in old black and white. Spider monkeys are dichromatic and can't see red or green.

Primates differ from other animals in their vision through forward-facing eyes allowing stereoscopic vision, advanced trichromatic color vision, and larger visual centers in the brain due to a high reliance on sight.

Primates possess forward-facing eyes with convergent visual fields, allowing for stereoscopic vision or three-dimensional vision, which is critical for depth perception. This trait, shared among all primates, is tied to their arboreal lifestyle and predation habits. The presence of a postorbital bar or plate provides structural support and protection for the eyes, a feature linked to the degree of orbital convergence among different primate species.

Additionally, many primates have trichromatic color vision, which permits them to distinguish more colors compared to most other mammals that are typically dichromatic. This advanced color vision is beneficial in activities such as foraging for food, as it helps in identifying ripe fruits and young leaves, and plays a role in social interactions by enabling the recognition of visual signals related to health and fertility.

You arrive at a residence for a 70-year-old man who was found unresponsive by his neighbor. when you assess the patient, you note that his muscles are stiff and the areas of his body closest to the ground are purple. the neighbor tells you that he last spoke to the patient about 12 hours earlier. you should

Answers

not initiate resuscitation efforts.

The 70-year-old man is already been death for while so it will be impossible to resuscitate him. We know that by the stiffness in his muscles, which represent rigor mortis, and the fact that his body parts closest to the ground are purple, duo to the blood beginning to settle in the parts closest to the ground.


What type of fiber is most beneficial for lowering blood cholesterol levels and subsequent cvd risk?

Answers

The answer to this question would be: soluble fiber

Fiber is food that contains carbohydrate that cant is digested, thus cant is absorbed, by human intestine. Fiber can help digesting food as it helps the food moves in the intestine and gives bulk to the feces. Fiber can be divided into the soluble and insoluble fiber.
Soluble fiber can decreases serum total cholesterol and decreases the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. It also can and reduce insulin resistance for a diabetic patient.

The two principal body cavities are the dorsal cavity and the _______ cavity.

Answers

The two principal body cavities are the dorsal cavity and the ventral cavity.

Answer:

dorsal cavity and the ventral cavity.

Mercury has an atomic number of 80 and a mass number of 200. how many neutrons are in one atom of mercury? 120 200 40 80

Answers

Mass number minus atomic number
200-80=120

Name at least two other cellular processes that could be fueled by the hydrolysis of atp

Answers

These cellular processes could be the active transport of molecules in the cell membranes, and the generation of ATP from cellular respiration.
ATP is the energy currency of the cell, without its generation the cell would fail and cease to function. Now, ATP is produced through cellular respiration which occurs from the process of glycolysis, formation of acetyl coA, citric acid cycle and lastly, oxidative metabolism.
Final answer:

The hydrolysis of ATP provides energy to cellular processes such as active transport (e.g., the sodium-potassium pump) and glycolysis (the breakdown of glucose). In both processes, energy from ATP hydrolysis is utilized to perform essential reactions or movements, enabling the cell to function effectively.

Explanation:

The hydrolysis of ATP, or Adenosine Triphosphate, is a fundamental process in the cell that releases energy required for cellular functions. Two examples of cellular processes that are powered by ATP hydrolysis are active transport and glycolysis.

Active transport refers to the movement of molecules across a cell’s membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. It requires energy because it's moving substances against a concentration gradient. One example of this is the sodium-potassium pump, a type of transmembrane ion pump, that drives sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell. This pump is powered by energy from ATP hydrolysis.

In the process of glycolysis, a molecule of glucose is broken down within the cell. The first step involves the phosphorylation of glucose, which creates a high-energy but unstable intermediate. This phosphorylation reaction is powered by ATP hydrolysis, leading to a conformational change which propels the process forward.

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Most auditory nerve fibers carry messages _______ hair cells.

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Most auditory nerve fibers carry messages from the inner hair cells.

Answer:

Most auditory nerve fibers carry messages from the inner hair cells.

Explanation:

The internal hair cells group the frequency and intensity of the sound stimulation, which is then transmitted to the brain by the auditory nerve fibers. Frequency coding in mammals is associated with cochlear tonotopia. However, the sounds of frequency lower than 3 kHz, their coding is based on phase blockage at the level of hair cells.

True or false? hypothermia occurs when metabolic heat production exceeds heat loss from the body?

Answers

False. Hypothermia occurs when internal body temperature falls below 98.6 which can lead to death and paralysis.

how could you prove or disprove that a specific solute, such as sucrose or starch, was able to diffuse through a semipermeable membrane?

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The passage of solutes like starch and sucrose through the semi-permeable membrane can be tested by performing osmosis.

Semi-permeable membrane is a kind of barrier that allows the passage of specific substances only through it. It can be natural or synthetic. The membrane of kidney cells acts as a natural semi-permeable membrane. Parchment paper and cellophane are examples of synthetic semi-permeable membrane.

Osmosis is the process of movement of solvent particles from their region of high concentration to lower one through a semi-permeable membrane. Some very small sized solutes can also cross the membrane hence the solute size should be taken care of when performing osmosis. Solutes like sucrose and starch are large sized solutes that cannot cross the membrane.

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Name the part of the chloroplast where the calvin cycle takes place

Answers

It takes place in the stroma

The system of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream is known as the

Answers

This happens using the blood vessels pituitary gland parathyroid glands pineal glands mammary glands ovaries and testes..these together i think are called endocrine glands.

Good luck I hope this helps.

Which of the following molecules provides the greatest amount of energy per gram of mass when metabolized?
A.carbohydrate
B.nucleic acid
C.protein
D.lipid

Answers

D. lipid

(A subgroup of lipids is fats (triglycerides). Fats are higher in calories and provide more energy per grams of mass than the other items listed.)

Answer:

The answer is D. lipid

Explanation:

What are two major components of climate?

Answers

temperature and precipitation

From an evolutionary perspective, what adaptive value do mirror neurons have?

Answers


Mirror neurons are said to be the factors behind social imitation. Neurons are the main cell of the nervous system which is responsible for communication of organs and control of many bodily functions. In an evolutionary standpoint, mirror neurons are an advantage because humans are able to replicate and imitate skills, behaviors and practices which they find beneficial and advantageous in the wild. Among their social peers, mirror neurons help these individuals practice social inclusion through culture, values and practices for increased group cohesion and cooperation.
Final answer:

Mirror neurons have adaptive value in enabling mimicry and understanding the actions of others, which is important for language development.

Explanation:

Mirror neurons have an adaptive value from an evolutionary perspective because they enable mimicry and the ability to understand and interpret the actions of others. This ability is thought to be a fundamental prerequisite for language development. In primates, such as monkeys, the mirror neuron system allows them to recognize and imitate actions performed by other primates. While the neurological studies of mirror neurons are invasive and cannot be performed on humans, neuroimaging studies suggest that a similar mirror neuron system exists in humans.

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Barney was giving a speech on animal-borne diseases. when discussing each disease, his slides contained a definition, symptoms, risks, treatment and ways to prevent the disease. was this an effective strategy?

Answers

When Barney was giving his speech and discussing each slide he was only giving definitions, symptoms, risks associated with the animal-borne diseases and treatment. This was not an effective strategy for Barney or for his class/listeners. Barney should have given pictures along with the slides so that everyone could see what the diseases looked like. Pictures also help people to have a better understanding of what they are learning/hearing. 

Both fats and carbohydrates are used for energy. What is the difference between the functions of these two compounds.

Answers

Well Carbohydrate energy uses fat energy to store energy. 

the answer is the larger the foot the bigger the penis is.

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