What limiting factor or factors slowed the growth of the human popualtion on easter island? what other factor might limit the growth population of organsims? give at least three specific examples?

mRNA carries genetic instructions from DNA to ribosomes for protein synthesis, while tRNA translates the mRNA code into amino acids to form proteins.

The messenger RNA (mRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA) are crucial components in the process of protein synthesis. mRNA is responsible for carrying the genetic code from DNA to the ribosomes, the sites of protein synthesis. After being transcribed in the nucleus, mRNA carries the genetic message into the cytoplasm, determining the sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis.

On the other hand, tRNA's role is to convert the information carried by the mRNA into a form that can be used to synthesize proteins by picking up specific amino acids and transferring them to the ribosomes, where they are assembled into proteins following the blueprint provided by the mRNA.

Metabolic poisons that interfere with glycolysis include those affecting pyruvate kinase, leading to ATP production failure, and ethylene glycol, which causes metabolic and lactic acidosis.

A metabolic poison that could interfere with glycolysis is one that affects enzymes involved in the glycolytic pathway. For instance, compounds that impair the function of pyruvate kinase will hinder the last step of glycolysis, causing a critical reduction in ATP production, especially in red blood cells (RBCs) that rely solely on glycolysis for their energy. Another example is ethylene glycol poisoning, which leads not only to metabolic acidosis due to accumulated glycolic acid but also lactic acidosis, contributing to the inhibition of metabolic pathways.

The answer is C.

It is not true that CO2 is released during photosynthesis, rather its the opposite. Carbon dioxide is a raw material for the production of  starches and cellulose through photosynthesis. Atmospheric carbon dioxide is captured during the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis then used for the production of starch, glucose and cellulose in the light independent reactions (Calvin cycle)  of photosynthesis.

In aerobic cellular respiration, oxygen rather than Carbon dioxide is a requirement because it is needed as the terminal electron acceptor in the production of ATP.

The last location CSF circulates before its reabsorption into the circulatory system is the subarachnoid space specifically at the arachnoid granulations.

The last spot where cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulates before being resorbed by the circulatory system is the subarachnoid space. Specifically, once the CSF passes through the ventricular system, it enters the subarachnoid space through the median and lateral apertures. It is within the arachnoid granulations in the subarachnoid space that CSF is reabsorbed into the blood. This reabsorption removes metabolic waste from the central nervous tissue. The subarachnoid space serves not only for CSF reabsorption but also acts as a protective liquid cushion for the brain and spinal cord.

Genetic drift refers to changes in allele frequencies within a population due to random events or chance, rather than selective pressures. Events such as natural disasters (resulting in a bottleneck effect) or migrations (resulting in a founder effect) can lead to genetic drift and thus cause evolutionary changes.

Genetic drift refers to random changes in allele frequencies within a population. Unlike natural selection, which selects the fittest individuals and often results in a more fit population overall, genetic drift operates independently, and is often just the result of chance. For example, if only a subset of individuals reproduces by chance, and they predominantly carry a certain allele, that allele's frequency could increase within the population. This could occur even if the allele does not confer a fitness advantage.

Sometimes, a chance event like a natural disaster can also cause genetic drift. Known as the bottleneck effect, such a disaster could randomly kill a large portion of a population, dramatically altering the population's allele frequencies. The leftover population might possess a significantly different genetic composition than the original. It's important to note that these changes are due to random occurrences, and not driven by selective advantages as with natural selection.

Another example of genetic drift is the founder effect. If a small group of individuals from a population establishes a new colony, the allele frequencies of this new population may not represent the original ones. So, genetic drift can lead to significant evolutionary changes over time, even in the absence of natural selection.

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C option is the right answer which states teat the first has one more amino acid than the second.

Explanation:

The first mRNA sequence codes for the Methionine (start codon), isoleucine, valine, and tyrosine.

The second mRNA sequence for the Methionine, isoleucine, valine only, because the last sequence (UAG) is of stop codon and stop codon do not code for any of the amino acids.

Answer:

___Null __ hypothesis has been _Rejected____

Explanation:

If the results obtained from the testing of a null hypothesis are statistically insignificant then it means that there were not enough proofs to support the null hypothesis and hence in virtue of insufficient proofs the null hypothesis is rejected.  

The meaning of significant does not implies that statistically significant null hypothesis is important. However, it simply means that statistically insignificant hypothesis have high probabilities to provides less evidence in order to support the thesis.  

The probability value of hypothesis must be less than 0.01 for a strong rejection of null hypothesis.  

Pronator teres is the muscle of forearm.The word pronator refers to as side to side movement of limb and teres refers to as round and long muscle or ligament.

The pronator teres pronates the forearm ie turns the forearm so that the palm faces posteriorly.It comprises of two heads: Humeral (larger and superficial,arises from the medial part of supracondylar ridge) and Ulnar ( thin fasicle and arises from the medial side of coronoid process of ulna).

Pronator teres is supplied by Medial nerve.

Answer: more than 300 million sperms are released.

Oxygen in our atmosphere is a direct consequence of the emergence of life.

Chemical elements are substances that only contain one kind of atom, such as oxygen. Since oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and the official chemical symbol O, an oxygen atom has eight protons in its nucleus. At room temperature, oxygen is a gas that has no flavor, color, or odor. In nature, oxygen exists as a molecule.

The process of an organism taking in and releasing gases into the environment is referred to as respiration. The organism's body releases carbon dioxide back into the environment as a result of food digestion and oxygen inhalation.

Therefore, the presence of oxygen in our atmosphere is a direct result of life's emergence.

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Density-dependent factors are environmental conditions that have different effects on population densities. They include predation, competition, waste accumulation, and diseases caused by parasites. Density-independent factors have the same effect at all population densities and can be weather events or human activities.

Density-dependent factors are environmental conditions that have different effects on population densities. They are usually biological in nature and include predation, competition, waste accumulation, and diseases caused by parasites. These factors have a greater impact on population mortality when the population is denser. For example, during competition, the reproductive rates of individuals decrease, reducing the population's growth rate. Low prey density also increases the mortality of predators as they struggle to find food.

Density-independent factors, on the other hand, have the same effect at all population densities. They can be environmental conditions such as weather events or human activities that directly impact population numbers. These factors cause mortality in a population regardless of its density. An example is a pesticide that kills caterpillars irrespective of their population size.

The answer to filling in the missing parts of the question is the membrane potential.

The potential membrane is the difference in electrical potential between the outer wall and the inner wall of the cell membrane whose size is approximately between -50 to -200 millivolts.

There are action potentials in the membrane including:

Polarization Stage

It is a resting membrane potential stage before an action potential exists. On a negative membrane of -900 mV.  

Depolarization Stage

If the resting cell is given a level of stimulation, the cell will change to an active state. In the active state of the cell membrane potential changes from negative to positive on the inside. This condition is called depolarization. This event starts from one point on the membrane surface and will propagate throughout the membrane surface. At this stage, the membrane is very permeable and is very reactive to Na + ions so that Na + channels open so that Na + will enter into it so that the membrane potential increases so overshoot occurs if the potential is above 0.

Repolarization Stage

In the state of repolarization, the membrane potential changes from positive on the inside to back to negative on the inside. The repolarization stage begins at a point and propagates throughout the surface of the cell membrane.

Hyperpolarization Stage

If repolarization is excessive, the membrane potential state is below the normal value so that the Na + and K + ions return to normal and the membrane has finished transporting the substance.

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Class: High School

Subject: Biology

Keyword: charge difference between spaces in a neuron.

The membrane potential is the difference in charge between the intracellular and extracellular space of a neuron.

The "membrane potential" is the voltage difference between a neuron's intracellular and extracellular spaces. This potential arises due to differences in ion concentrations across the neuronal cell membrane, primarily sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and chloride (Cl-) ions. Neurons maintain a resting membrane potential, typically around -70 millivolts, with a more negative charge inside the cell relative to the outside.

Membrane potential is crucial for the transmission of electrical signals in neurons. Changes in this potential, such as depolarization (a decrease in negativity) or hyperpolarization (an increase in negativity), play a fundamental role in the generation and propagation of action potentials, which are the basis for communication within the nervous system.

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In this exercise we have to have knowledge of photosynthesis and knowing that oxygen is a direct product of the gas exchange of carbon dioxide.

The process of photosynthesis happens when water and mineral salts are removed from the soil through the root of the plant and it ends up traveling through the stem to the leaves in the form of sap, which is called raw sap. The leaf absorbs sunlight through chlorophyll, the substance that gives the green color of plant leaves.

In this way we can say that in the process of photosynthesis we know that oxygen will be the direct product of carbon dioxide.

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In C3 plants, the conservation of water promotes increased efficiency and survival in harsh dry heat conditions. Two adaptations have evolved in these plants to conserve water. First, they have a more efficient use of CO2, allowing photosynthesis to occur even when the stomata are closed on hot days.

In C3 plants, the conservation of water promotes increased efficiency and survival in harsh dry heat conditions. Two adaptations have evolved in these plants to conserve water. First, they have a more efficient use of CO2, allowing photosynthesis to occur even when the stomata are closed on hot days.

Second, preliminary reactions of the Calvin cycle take place at night, when cooler temperatures allow the stomata to remain closed and conserve water. These adaptations help the plants carry out low levels of photosynthesis without opening the stomata at all.

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Luke has a body fat percentage of 24%, which is relatively high and may indicate the need for some lifestyle changes to improve his health and athletic performance.

Luke's body fat percentage of 24% indicates that he has a relatively high amount of fat in his body compared to his total body weight.

This measurement is commonly used as an indicator of overall health and fitness level, as higher body fat percentages can increase the risk of certain health conditions.

To improve his health and athletic performance, Luke may consider engaging in regular exercise and following a balanced diet.

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Answer:

Option A

Explanation:

There are basically two hypotheses that explains the evolution of six ectomorphs  

a) When the ectomorphs were evolving the island was in contiguous state. Due to this plate tectonic movement was high that ultimately led to the division of island into six different islands which caused these ectomorphs evolve separately due to the geographical barrier.

b) Second theory could be that all ectomorphs evolved on the same island but then with the division of island, they got separated.  

Hence, option A is correct