Particularly the skeletal muscles at rest gain most of their energy from the aerobic respiration of fatty acids. Hence fatty acids provide the majority of the energy for muscle metabolism when a person is exercising at 25% of VO2max. However, the motor neuron is at rest when a neuron is not receiving any input there will be a potential difference. Thus, the potential difference measured when the neuron is inactive and it is caled the resting membrane potential.
During rest, a motor neuron stops releasing ACh at the NMJ which leads to repolarization of the muscle fibre, calcium ions return to the SR, and the muscle relaxes as cross-bridge formation is inhibited.
Explanation:When a motor neuron and the skeletal muscle cell it innervates are at rest, several processes take place to ensure the muscle fibre is relaxed. The motor neuron stops the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) into the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). As a result, the muscle fibre repolarizes, closing the gates in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) that had allowed calcium ions (Ca2+) to be released. The process of repolarization includes activating ATP-driven pumps that move the Ca2+ out of the sarcoplasm and back into the SR, leading to shielding of the actin-binding sites on the thin filaments. This prevents the formation of cross-bridges between the actin and myosin filaments, meaning that the muscle fibre loses its tension and relaxes, maintaining a state of muscle relaxation.
Learn more about Muscle Relaxation here:https://brainly.com/question/33888889
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How will the movement of water affect a cell if it is transferred from a hypotonic solution to a hypertonic solution
Answer:
When the cell is in a hypotonic environment, it is swollen because there is a movement of water from the middle into the cell. When it is transferred to a hypertonic environment there is a movement of water out of the cell which causes the cell to become dehydrated and for this reason it contracts.
Which is the first step in the critical thinking plan?
Final answer:
The first step in the critical thinking plan is to identify and clearly state the problem or issue, as it sets the foundation for all further analysis and supports critical engagement with the subject matter.
Explanation:
The first step in the critical thinking plan involves identifying and clearly stating the problem or issue at hand. This is crucial as it lays the foundation for all subsequent analysis and conclusions. By asking and answering key questions, we begin to challenge our assumptions and set the stage for an organized method of analysis. This step is essential for uncovering the vital issues, which become the cornerstone for formulating positions and contentions on the claim under discussion. According to the AAC&U's critical thinking rubric, critical thinkers must "clearly state and comprehensively describe the issue or problem", "independently interpret and evaluate sources", and "thoroughly analyze assumptions" behind the ideas encountered. This approach not only aids in solving problems but also in drawing informed conclusions.
Not all amino acids have to be supplied by food. this is true because:
a. the liver is able to manufacture some amino acids from fatty acids.
b. the liver is able to manufacture some amino acids from others.
c. not all necessary amino acids are found in food.
d. hormones furnish the missing amino acids.
Final answer:
The body can synthesize non-essential amino acids but requires essential amino acids from food, thus the liver can make certain amino acids from others.
Explanation:
Not all amino acids have to be supplied by food because the human body is capable of synthesizing some amino acids from the components of other molecules; however, there are nine that it cannot synthesize, which are known as the essential amino acids. These essential amino acids must be obtained from dietary sources since the body cannot produce them. The claim that the liver is able to manufacture some amino acids from others is true, as it can produce non-essential amino acids from intermediate compounds of various metabolic pathways.
The correct answer to the student's question is: b. the liver is able to manufacture some amino acids from others.
While primary production refers to the synthesis of plant material, secondary productivity refers to the synthesis of _____.
Answer:
The given blank can be filled with animal tissue.
Explanation:
Secondary productivity refers to the fixation of energy by the heterotrophic species or the frequency of biomass formation. These obtain all their vitality from photosynthetic plants or via other autotrophs, either indirectly or directly, and their productivity tells about the sizes of the food chains and the number of trophic levels within an ecosystem. Thus, secondary productivity can be considered as the synthesis of animal tissues.
By comparing the molecular structure of catechol and hydroquinone, determine what actually influences the specificity of catechol oxidase?
Final answer:
The specificity of catechol oxidase is determined by how well a substrate can bind to the iron center of the enzyme and how it interacts with the active site. The molecular structure of catechol allows it to form certain complexes with iron that are integral for the enzyme's specificity.
Explanation:
Factors Influencing the Specificity of Catechol Oxidase
The specificity of the enzyme catechol oxidase is influenced by the molecular structure of its substrates, such as catechol and hydroquinone. When catechol coordinates to the ferric center of the enzyme, it can do so in a monodentate or bidentate fashion, which suggests the structure of the substrate plays a crucial role in the enzyme's specificity. Comparing the structures of catechol and hydroquinone, it is the ability of catechol to coordinate with the iron center in such fashion that differentiates it from hydroquinone regarding enzyme binding and reaction.
Furthermore, the specificity of catechol oxidase also seems to be driven by how well the substrate fits within the active site and interacts with key amino acids and the iron center. The oxidation of catechol to o-quinone, where dioxygen binds and reacts with the catechol complex, also indicates that the catecholate form of the ligand is crucial for successful enzymatic action, based on the excellent ligand properties of catechols for iron.
Therefore, the specificity of catechol oxidase towards its substrates is strongly influenced by the ability of the substrate to bind in a particular orientation to the iron center, the interactions with amino acid residues within the active site, and the overall fit within the enzyme's substrate-binding cavity.
All of the organs in the organ system have which of these in common? A) They all have the same exact function. B) Humans could not survive without them. C) Each of the organs is made from individual cells. D) All of the organs make up the respiratory system.
the answer is C) Each of the organs is made from individual cells.
A woman is 6 weeks pregnant. she has had a previous spontaneous abortion at 14 weeks of gestation and a pregnancy that ended at 38 weeks with the birth of a stillborn girl. what is her gravidity and parity using the gtpal system?
Using the GTPAL system, the woman's reproductive history would be represented as 3-1-0-1-0: 3 pregnancies in total, 1 term birth that resulted in a stillborn, 0 preterm births, 1 abortion (miscarriage), and 0 living children.
Explanation:The system used to describe a woman's reproductive history is called the GTPAL system. The acronym stands for Gravidity, Term births, Preterm births, Abortions, and Living children. In this case, a woman who is 6 weeks pregnant, has had a previous spontaneous abortion at 14 weeks (considered a second-trimester miscarriage), and a stillbirth at 38 weeks (a Term birth, even though the child was not born alive), can be described using the GTPAL system as follows:
Gravidity (G): The total number of times the woman has been pregnant, including current pregnancy. Hence, this will be 3.Term births (T): The number of pregnancies that ended at or after 37 weeks. She has 1 term birth that unfortunately resulted in a stillborn.Preterm births (P): The number of pregnancies that ended after 20 weeks but before 37 weeks. In her case, this is 0 since she does not have any live preterm births.Abortions (A): The number of pregnancies that ended before 20 weeks. This includes both miscarriages and elective abortions. Therefore, this number is 1.Living children (L): The total number of living children. For this woman, it is 0 as she has no living offspring.So, the GTPAL for this woman would be 3-1-0-1-0.
What therapeutic nursing intervention may redirect a hyperactive, manic client?
The majority of the sun's energy comes from:
Answer:Nucleur Fusion
Explanation:
Mitosis is characterized by four stages. select the list of stages in the correct chronological order.
The energy of the Sun is converted into energy by the plants.
Earth is an open system with respect to _____.
(A)information
(B) matter
(C) energy
(D) people
Answer: (C) energy
Earth is an open system with respect to energy because the earth receives energy from the sun in the form of solar energy. This energy is absorbed by the oceans and terrestrial land. The solar energy in the form of thermal energy heat up the oceans and the terrestrial land which results in the release of thermal energy by the oceans and terrestrial lands. Some of this thermal energy is reflected back to the exterior of the earth which supports the fact that earth is an open system.
Which of the following Earth spheres do climate zones affect
It's not all of the above. I just took the test. so you have to choose just one.
DNA replication is the process by which DNA is copied during the cell cycle. True or False.
Oxygen unloading occurs at the _________________________ This process causes a(n) _________________ in the oxygen partial pressure of the blood leaving this region.
Oxygen unloading occurs at the tissues. This process causes a decrease in the oxygen partial pressure of the blood leaving this region.
In tissues, where oxygen is needed for cellular respiration, oxygen unloading occurs from hemoglobin molecules in red blood cells. As oxygen is delivered to the tissues, the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood decreases.
This decrease in oxygen partial pressure facilitates the release of oxygen from hemoglobin, allowing it to diffuse into the surrounding cells for cellular respiration. Therefore, oxygen unloading at the tissues results in a decrease in the oxygen partial pressure of the blood leaving this region.
True or false mitochondria are used in the process of cellular respiration
Which law of physical science must be followed when balancing chemical equations?
While observing a cross section of the spinal cord under the microscope, you notice a butterfly-shaped area on the inside. you would identify this as the?
The butterfly-shaped area observed in the cross-section of the spinal cord is the gray matter, containing neuronal cell bodies and dendrites. It serves as a crucial processing center for sensory and motor information within the spinal cord.
When observing a cross-section of the spinal cord under a microscope, you can identify the following:
The butterfly-shaped area observed in the cross-section of the spinal cord is known as the gray matter.Gray matter contains neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons, appearing darker under the microscope due to its higher density of neurons.It serves as a vital processing center within the spinal cord, integrating sensory and motor information.Various types of neurons within the gray matter modulate and relay nerve signals, facilitating communication between different regions of the spinal cord.This region acts as a relay station for signals traveling to and from the brain and peripheral nerves.Overall, gray matter plays a crucial role in coordinating sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions within the spinal cord.Which organism would be classified as an echinoderm?
sea star is the answer
The genetic information about particular biological traits encoded in an organism's dna is called the
In a dihybrid cross exhibiting complete genetic linkage, what would you expect? in a dihybrid cross exhibiting complete genetic linkage, what would you expect? one parental allele combination occurring more frequently than another and no recombinant gametes only recombinant gametes one parental allele combination occurring more frequently than another two equally frequent gametes containing only parental allele combinations and no recombinant gametes
The production of genetically identical cells, organisms, or dna molecules is known as _________.
Cloning is the process of producing genetically identical copies of cells, organisms, or DNA. Cellular cloning occurs naturally in unicellular organisms, while reproductive cloning is an artificial process used to clone multicellular organisms. Molecular cloning involves copying short DNA sequences.
The production of genetically identical cells, organisms, or DNA molecules is known as cloning. In biology, this process can occur naturally among unicellular organisms, like bacteria and yeast, through cellular cloning when they replicate asexually by binary fission. During this replication, the nuclear DNA duplicates through mitosis, resulting in an exact replica of the genetic material. However, multicellular organisms typically reproduce sexually and do not naturally produce genetically identical copies, which is where reproductive cloning comes into play. Advances in biotechnology have enabled the artificial induction of asexual reproduction in the laboratory, thus creating clones of multicellular organisms, as seen with the famous sheep named Dolly, who was the first large mammal to be successfully cloned. Besides, scientists perform molecular cloning to copy short stretches of DNA, which is foundational in genetic research and biotechnology.
A client with cad thinks diltiazem (cardizem) has been causing nausea. diltiazem (cardizem) is categorized as which type of drug?
Our sensory organs, such as our eyes and ears, contain many sensory receptors. these sensory receptors are part of the ___________.
Explanation:
The answer is ORGANS
What is a long deposit of sand that's usually found near the coast?
Rosalind Franklin is famous for which contribution to the study of DNA?
Answer:
Rosalind Franklin Is famous for discover the size and shape(double helix) of DNA.
Explanation:
Rosalind Franklin studied the x-ray diffraction in the DNA and the diffraction pattern, she captured a DNA imagen. With this studies, she interpreted that DNA had a helical structure, DNA molecules were cylindrical and about 2 nm in diameter.
Her research gave ideas about DNA´s bonds to Watson and Crick.
What would happen if we didn't have photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
What type of immunity results from transfer of antibodies from one individual to a susceptible individual by means of injection? select one:
a. innate immunity
b. naturally acquired active immunity
c. naturally acquired passive immunity
d. artificially acquired active immunity
e. artificially acquired passive immunity?
Myosin is a motor protein involved in animal cell cytokinesis. It binds to ATP or ADP, causing the myosin to move with respect to actin. What is the effect of the interaction between myosin and actin?
Anaerobic metabolism: requires oxygen does not require oxygen requires carbon dioxide