Final answer:
In secondary succession, early pioneer species such as grasses and mosses decline as intermediate species like shrubs and small trees take over and eventually move towards a mature climax community.
Explanation:
When an ecosystem moves from primary succession to secondary succession of plant species, the types of species that most likely decline are the early pioneer species such as grasses and mosses. Secondary succession occurs in an area where a disturbance has occurred, leaving the soil intact. This soil retains nutrients that allow for rapid recolonization by various plant species. Over time, as intermediate species like shrubs and small trees establish themselves, they change the microenvironment and outcompete the early pioneer species, leading to their decline.
The transition from the early fast-growing, sun-loving pioneer species to more shade-tolerant intermediate species results in a shift in the plant community structure. The pioneer species are adapted to conditions of full sunlight and disturbed soil; however, as the intermediate species grow taller and create more shade, conditions become less favorable for these sun-loving plants.
Consequently, there is a marked decline in these species as the ecosystem moves towards a climax community, characterized by a stable and mature community of plants and trees typical of the particular region and climate.
Which would not be considered a human activity contributing to be loss of biodiversity on earth
Human activities such as habitat destruction, introduction of invasive species, and over-harvesting are contributing factors to biodiversity loss. Ecosystem collapse as a result of these activities can significantly affect human welfare. Conversely, non-disruptive observation and conservation efforts are not considered to contribute to biodiversity loss.
Activities that contribute to the loss of biodiversity are numerous and include human endeavors such as habitat destruction, for instance, due to agriculture, urban expansion, and deforestation for logging or mining. Other contributing factors are the introduction of invasive species and over-harvesting of wild species.
Ecosystems such as tropical rainforests, which possess a high level of biodiversity, are being destroyed at an alarming rate for timber and agricultural land. Practices like these not only lead to the loss of individual species but can ultimately have dire consequences for human welfare due to ecosystem collapse.
A human activity that would not be considered contributing to biodiversity loss could be passive activities like observing wildlife without disturbing natural habitats, research, and conservation efforts.
Why does a coastal area have less variation in temperatura than a noncoastal area?
The temperatures on land change more rapidly than temperatures on water.
Answer:
Due to high specific heat capacity of water as compared to land
Explanation:
The specific heat capacity of water is much higher as compared to land. Specific heat is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of anything by a unit degree ( of either Celsius or Fahrenheit).
Thus, water in ocean and coastal areas take much longer time to heat. In the same way coastal areas need much longer time to release the absorbed heat. Thus, the temperature is coastal area is more or less stable as compared to non coastal areas where cooling and heating of the atmosphere takes place quickly.
Which neurotransmitter would you expect to see in high quantities, if you could, in the brain of someone who has just been rewarded with a large raise in salary for all his or her hard work?
Answer:
Dopamine is the correct answer. Dopamine would be the neurotransmitter expected to be seen in high quantities in the brain of someone who has be rewarded.
Explanation:
Dopamine can be described as an important chemical that serves both as a hormone and as a neurotransmitter in the body.
One of the dopamine pathways in the brain is involved in sending signals for the reward system. This system is responsible for the generation of signals for reward or craving for rewards, positive attitude, pleasure etc. Hence, the neurotransmitter, dopamine would be present in enhanced quantities in the brain of a person who has been rewarded with pay raise.
Answer:
Dopamine
Explanation:
Dopamine can be described as an important chemical that serves both as a hormone and as a neurotransmitter in the body.
One of the dopamine pathways in the brain is involved in sending signals for the reward system. This system is responsible for the generation of signals for reward or craving for rewards, positive attitude, pleasure etc.
Which of the five senses contains two types of photoreceptors called rods and cones?
a.
vision
c.
smell
b.
hearing
d.
taste
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
a. Vision
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The vision sense contains photoreceptors called rods and cones. Rods detect light and dark and are crucial for peripheral and night vision, while cones function under bright light allowing us to see color and detail.
Explanation:The sense that contains two types of photoreceptors known as rods and cones is vision. These photoreceptors are located in the retina, a layer at the back of the eye. Rods are responsible for detecting light and dark, making them crucial for peripheral and night vision. Cones, on the other hand, allow us to see color and detail as they function best under bright light conditions.
Vision is the sense that contains two types of photoreceptors called rods and cones. Rods are responsible for vision in dim light, while cones allow for color vision and work best in bright light.
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Which statement best describes the process of sexual reproduction?
A.
Pollen is released with the aid of wind and water.
B.
A sperm cell fertilizes a vertebrate's egg cell, creating a zygote.
.
C.
A mushroom ejects spores into the air even in the harshest conditions.
D.
A regular house fly begins as a maggot after budding.
Answer:
b
Explanation:
the answer is b. hope this helped!
need help asap!!!
What happens during meiosis 1?
(A)Chromosome pairs separate and are distributed into new sex cells.
(B)Chromosome pairs remain together when new sex cells are formed.
(C)Two sex cells combine to form a single new cell.
(D)Each sex cell copies itself to form four new chromosomes.
The Answer D sound logical however I’m not sure about the 4 new chromosomes
During meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair up, recombine through crossing over, and separate into two daughter cells, reducing the chromosome number from diploid to haploid.
During meiosis I, the main event is the separation of homologous chromosomes into two different daughter cells. Initially, homologous chromosomes pair up during prophase I, allowing for crossing over and genetic recombination, which introduces genetic variation. Each chromosome, consisting of two identical sister chromatids, then lines up with its homologous partner in the middle of the cell during metaphase I.
Following this alignment, the homologous pairs are pulled apart by the spindle fibers, and each moves towards opposite poles of the cell. This step ensures that each of the resulting two daughter cells contains just one chromosome from each pair, thereby reducing the chromosomal number by half, from diploid to haploid. Thus during meiosis I, chromosome pairs separate and are distributed into new sex cells, rendering answer choice (A) correct.
Invasive species often unbalanced the ecosystem into which they are introduced because
Answer:
Invasive species are those species that are non native to a given ecosystem of concern and also whose introduction causes or is likely to cause economic or environment harm or harm to the organisms in the ecosystem. They are considered as the second most threat to biodiversity, after habitat loss.
SOURCE FROM: BRAINLY ITSELFFF
Which process led to the release of large amounts of carbon dioxide at the end of the Devonian period?
A. The breakup of Pangaea
B. The extinction of plant life
C. The melting of glaciers
D. The volcanic activity
It is c my friend hope this helps
Answer:
Option (D)
Explanation:
The Devonian period represents the fourth period of the Paleozoic era, ranging from about 420 million years to 360 million years back. This period represents the age of fishes because a variety of fish species were present and also during this time, the plants that colonized on the land areas started undergoing evolution giving rise to the formation of gymnosperms.
By the end of this period, about 360 million years ago, massive and rapid volcanic eruptions took place, that released an extensively large amount of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. This eventually lead to a mass extinction event, eliminating nearly 80% of the total living species present on earth.
Thus, the correct answer is option (D).
Genes are sections of DNA that contain information to make a protein. Genes can be turned on or off to control the protein production process. If a gene is not turned off, it is possible for too many proteins to be produced. Which of the following may be a benefit of the overproduction of proteins? a Mutated genes may become normal. b Injury repair may occur more quickly. c The cells of an organism may be destroyed. d An organism may develop cancer.
Answer:
B Injury repair may occur more quickly
Explanation:
Gene expression controls protein production, which is essential for cell function. Overproduction of proteins can sometimes be beneficial, such as hastening injury repairs, but can also lead to detrimental effects, like causing cancer.
Option B is correct
Explanation:Genes, which are sections of DNA, contain the information needed to produce proteins. Gene expression, or the process of turning on a gene to produce RNA and protein, is controlled by the cell to ensure the right amount of protein is produced at the right time. The regulation of protein production is fundamental for cell function and health.
Regarding the potential benefits of overproducing proteins, option b, 'Injury repair may occur more quickly', could be considered beneficial. Increased protein production could speed up processes in the body like tissue repair and cell growth. However, it's important to note that not all overproduction of proteins is beneficial. In fact, abnormal protein production could lead to severe problems. For example, as stated in option d, an overproduction of proteins can lead to the development of cancer. This occurs when genes that stimulate cell division (proto-oncogenes) become overly active or when genes that suppress tumors do not function properly, causing uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation.
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Kudzu is a vine that was brought to the United States from Japan to prevent erosion. Once here, kudzu became invasive.
What role does kudzu most likely play in the environment in the United States?
Answer:
Kudzu competes with native plants for sunlight and nutrients, making it an invasive plant species. It could also be considered a parasite since it allows less sunlight to reach the plants that Kudzu covers.
Answer:
Kudzu competes with native plants for sunlight and nutrients.
Explanation:
Kudzu has become an invasive plant in the United States. At first, we can imagine that invasive plants do not cause major impacts to the environment, however, any species that is introduced in a new location affects the entire ecosystem considerably. Invasive plants multiply in large numbers and end up competing with the plant species that live there, by sunlight and nutrients.
Briefly, we can say that the invading plant completely removes the space of native plants. They come to dominate the natural landscape, to modify the natural cycles that existed in that ecosystem and, consequently, threaten the local biodiversity.
In general, due to the laws of physics, as magnification INCREASES in a microscope, the field of view A) blurs B) decreases C) doubles D) increases
Answer:
The answer is B) Decreases.
Explanation:
Let me know if I'm right.
the evolution of lungs and gills, which developed to serve a similar gas-exchange purpose in distantly related organisms, is an example of what type of evolution?
A. convergent evolution
B. natural selection
C. emergent evolution
D. divergent evolution
Answer:
A. Convergent evolution
Explanation:
If analogous or structurally different oragns performing similar function.. We call that convergent evolution.
Answer:
The correct answer is option A, that is, convergent evolution.
Explanation:
The convergent evolution in evolutionary biology refers to the phenomenon in which the organisms that are not closely associated, that is, not monophyletic, autonomously evolve identical characteristics as a consequence of having to amend to ecological niches or identical surroundings.
For example, the evolution of lungs and gills that serves similar functions in distant organisms is an illustration of convergent evolution.
what does the golgi apparatus do?
What condition is required for ATP synthase to move hydrogen down its gradient?
A. More hydrogen ions inside the membrane than outside it
B. More hydrogen ions outside the membrane than inside it
C. A day with 75 percent direct sunlight
D. More ATP molecules ahead of the hydrogen than below it
Answer:
A. More hydrogen ions inside the membrane than outside it
Explanation:
During electron transfer from water molecule to PS II and then through electron transport chain to the PS I pumps the hydrogen ions inside the thylakoid lumen. ATP synthesis is driven by energy of proton concentration gradient that moves the hydrogen ions (protons) from lumen of thylakoid membrane towards the stroma. Hence, ATP synthesis requires presence of more hydrogen ions inside the membrane.
In the biosphere, cycles can be very complex and interdependent. No cycle happens in isolation.
Answer: Thrue
Explanation:
This is the normal nucleotide sequence on a DNA strand:
A-C-T-G-G-A-T
What is an insertion?
A. A-C-T-G-C-G-A-T
B. A-C-T-G-A-T
C. A-G-T-G-G-A-T
D. A-C-T-G-G-A-U
Answer:
A. A-C-T-G-C-G-A-T
Explanation:
An insertion is when a DNA base is added into a DNA strand usually from mutations.
I need a sentence with the word chloroplast in it.
Answer:
Plant cells carry chloroplasts: organelles containing the pigment chlorophyll, which they employ to entrap sunlight
Hope this helps!
Chloroplasts have chlorophyll in them, this is a green pigment which helps to trap sunlight which enables photosynthesis for a plant.
Ignore the bottom question (how to know If gene therapy is successful)
Gene therapy is successful if the replacement gene is transcribed in the person's cells
The two ends of a strand of DNA are called the
A. starting end and the ending end, based on the orientation of the DNA within the chromosome.
B. 5′ and the 3′ end, based on modifications in the deoxyribose sugar.
C. sense end and the antisense end, based on the location of the phosphate groups.
D. codon and the anticodon, based on the order of the deoxyribose sugars and the phosphate groups.
Answer:
The correct answer will be option B (5′ and the 3′ end, based on modifications in the deoxyribose sugar).
Explanation:
DNA is a large molecule which acts as genetic material of the organisms. DNA exists in intertwined double helical form consisting of two DNA chains or strands.
Each DNA strand is a long, continuous thread like structure made up of repeating units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide comprises of three subunits: five carbon sugar called deoxyribose, phosphate group and nitrogen-containing bases.
Each nucleotide is connected to next nucleotide by the formation of phopho-diester bond between free 5’ phosphate (PO³⁻₄ ) group of one nucleotide and the 3’-OH group of another deoxy-ribose sugar. This gives a phosphate-sugar-phosphate-sugar chain which forms the backbone of DNA molecule and is read in 5’ -> 3’ direction.
Thus, option B is the correct answer.
what is an abiotic factor in a tropical rain forest?
the trees
the plant life
the top predator
the rain
Answer:
D. The rain
Explanation:
It cannot be A, B, or C because those are all LIVING organisms and abiotic is not alive. The canopy is part of the trees which is alive same for the next 2 options
So option D is your answer
which of the following best describes earthquakes along transform plate boundaries? a. common and large. b. common but small-scale. c. rare but large. d. rare and small-scale.
Answer:c
Explanation:
what is not true about the Archean eon?
A. oldest fossil is found from this time period
B. formation of earliest solid rock
C. oxygen begins to appear in the atmosphere
D. Spanned from about 3.8 billion to about 2.5 billion years ago
Answer:
D. Spanned from about 3.8 billion to about 2.5 billion year ago
Explanation:
The Archean eon expanded from 4 billion years ago, until 2.5 billion years ago, being predeceased by the Hadean eon, and being followed by the Proterozoic eon. During this eon there were numerous very important things that happened. The first solid rocks were formed, thus the basis for the first continents arrived on the scene. The oldest fossils of living organisms are also dated to this eon, and they were the ones that started to slowly change the atmosphere by introducing free oxygen molecules to it.
A dense group of bacteria that are difficult to treat with antibiotics is called
Answer: staphylococci bacteria.
Explanation:
Answer:
The correct answer will be biofilm.
Explanation:
Biofilm is an aggregate of micro-organisms formed of one or more types which can grow on different surfaces such as dental plaque formed on the surface of teeth. The biofilm mass is mostly composed of proteins, extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), and DNA.
Bacterial formed biofilms show resistant to antibiotics like biofilm formed by Staphylococcus aureus which causes wound infections. Poly-microbial biofilms are usually more resistant to antibiotics compared to single-species biofilms. EPS present in the biofilm attaches antibiotics.
Thus, biofilm is the correct answer.
Some scientists theorize that continental movements may cause climate changes by _____.
altering the makeup of the troposphere
redistributing Earth’s vegetation
changing patterns of ocean currents
shifting the equatorial and temperate zones
Answer: Changing Patterns Of Ocean Currents Is The Correct Answer.
Answer:pollution i believe is the answer
Explanation:
Using recombinant DNA technology the gene for temperature resistance in fish is inserted into strawberries. These genetically modified strawberries are a type of ____ organism.
Answer:
Transgenic
Explanation:
Recombinant DNA technology is used to make transgenic organisms. Genetic material from one specie is inserted into the genome of another thus modifying its characteristics. There are several ways of doing this including electroporation and transduction. This process is referred to as genetic engineering.
Answer:
transgenic
Explanation:
A species has homologous chromosomes. What does this say about the
species?
O
A. It has alleles that control certain traits,
O
B. It has pairs of matching chromosomes,
O
C. It is a eukaryote and a haploid species.
O
D. It has DNA that is made up of genes.
B. it has pairs of matching chromosomes.
Have a great day!
If a species has homologous chromosomes it means that It has pairs of matching chromosomes.
What are homologous chromosomes?One of a pair of chromosomes with the same gene sequence, locations, chromosomal length, and centromere placement is referred to as a homologous chromosome. One paternal and one maternal chromosome make up a homologous pair. In the nucleus of a somatic cell in humans, there are 46 chromosomes in total. The father inherits half of them (22 autosomes + X or Y chromosome) and the mother inherits the other half (22 autosomes + X chromosome). During meiosis, each maternal chromosome pairs up with a matched paternal chromosome.learn more about homologous chromosomes here:
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What would happen if a major predator was removed from the food web?
Answer:
Prey population explosion
Explanation:
If a major predator is removed from the ecosystem, it will disturb the predator-prey relationship in the ecosystem that will result in the direct increase in the prey population. This phenomenon is called population explosion where there is no check and balance on the prey population.
For example, if there is a major predator in the forest ecosystem it will feed on herbivores and keep their population at a certain level. This is called predator-prey balance where predators kill prey which in-turn cause food scarcity for predators and leads to a decrease in predator population too. So if any major predator is removed from ecosystem it will disturb this intricate balance.
Hope it helps!
Answer:
The population of prey would increase/
Explanation:
Hope this helps. :>
Explain how biodiversity is affected by natural selection
Answer:
Biodiversity is the variety of different species of organisms on Earth, or within an ecosystem. High biodiversity is important. It make sure that ecosystems are stable becuase different species depend on each other for things like shelter and fodd. Different species can also help to maintain the right physical environment for each other (e.g. the acidity of the soil.)
Explanation:
Sickle-cell anemia is caused by a mutation in the gene encoding hemoglobin, causing red blood cells to appear
A. half-moon shaped.
B. like discs.
C. spherical.
D. long and stringy.
I believe the answer is C
Answer:
The correct answer would be option A. half moon shaped.
Explanation:
Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disorder in which normal blood cells become rigid or stick and look like a crescent moon or half moon shape. In sickle-cell anemia condition, there are not sufficient healthy red blood cells or RBCs to carry enough oxygen throughout the body.
In sickle-cell anemia, the mutation causes a single change in the amino acid of hemoglobin, the building block of oxygen-transport protein. The alpha and beta subunits are the two subunits of hemoglobin. In sickle cell anemia, the beta subunit has valine at position 6 instead of glutamic acid that is present in normal hemoglobin.
Thus, the correct answer is option A. half moon shaped.
We eat food for nutrients and energy. Our digestive system does the work to physically and chemically digest or decompose the food we eat. But how do the nutrients and energy-rich molecules get to our cells? What systems and organs are involved? A) The digestive and cardiovascular systems are involved. Digestion takes place in the intestines and nutrients and carbohydrates are absorbed into the blood there for distribution to all cells. Eliminate B) The digestive and excretory systems are involved. Digestion takes place in the intestines and nutrients and carbohydrates are absorbed into the blood stream; wastes leave the body via the excretory system. C) The digestive, cardiovascular and skeletal systems are involved. Digestion is completed in the small intestines. Sugars, fats and amino acids are absorbed into the bloodstream and nutrients into the bone marrow of the skeletal system. D) The digestive, cardiovascular and lymphatic systems are involved. Digestion is completed in the small intestines. Nutrients, sugars and amino acids are absorbed into the bloodstream and glycerol and fatty acids into the lymphatic system.
Answer:
the correct answer is D.
Explanation:
Nutrients and energy-rich molecules from digested food are transported to cells via the digestive and cardiovascular systems, with the lymphatic system also playing a role in lipid absorption. Digestion begins with mechanical and chemical processes, and absorption occurs mainly in the small intestine where nutrients enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system.
D is correct
Explanation:The nutrients and energy-rich molecules are transported to our cells through a collaborative effort of several systems, chiefly the digestive system, the cardiovascular system, and the lymphatic system. After food is consumed, it undergoes two types of digestion - mechanical and chemical. The former breaks food into smaller pieces, beginning in the mouth and continuing in the stomach, whereas the latter breaks down food molecules into small nutrient molecules and begins with saliva in the mouth and continues with stomach enzymes.
The absorption of these nutrients mostly occurs in the small intestine, where they pass into the blood vessels lining the intestine to enter the bloodstream. In the case of lipids, the glycerol and fatty acids are absorbed into the lymphatic system before being released into the bloodstream. After absorption, the nutrients are circulated to all the cells for energy production and cellular functions. Meanwhile, waste products and non-absorbed materials pass through the large intestine for excretion, facilitated by the excretory system.