Answer:
In any suit or proceeding
Explanation:
In any claim or procedure where the burden falls on the taxpayer to prove that such assumption or acquisition is not treated as money received by the taxpayer, said charge shall not be considered sustained unless the taxpayer supports it because of the clear preponderance of the evidence.
Jewish law prescribes that their deceased be buried in a shroud (a tachrichim) in simple pine box with no metal parts. Muslims, however, do not bury their deceased in a casket, but rather in a shroud (a kafan) directly into an excavated grave oriented toward Mecca. The claim that each of these kinds of burial rites can be right would be an example of cultural __________.a. Coherence b. Egotism c. Objectivity d. Relativism
Answer:
i take B as my answer to this question.
Which of the following statements is incorrect? Group of answer choices
a. In aggressive cultures, supportive, cooperative behaviors are not rewarded.
b. In people-oriented cultures, supportive, cooperative behaviors are rewarded.
c. In team-oriented cultures, supportive, cooperative behaviors are rewarded.
d. In aggressive cultures, supportive, cooperative behaviors are rewarded.
Answer:
The correct answer is:
d. In aggressive cultures, supportive, cooperative behaviors are rewarded.
Explanation:
In the different kinds of organizational cultures, it is possible to talk about the aggressive cultures that normally involve high competition behavior in which the social responsibility of the projects stays a little out of the main objectives of the organization. Therefore, it is possible to notice that in this kind of organizational culture the supportive and cooperative behaviors are not rewarded Just for the fact of being so; what it is most relevant in this case is the fact of being able to achieve the objectives.
Marie's boss has asked for her to compile a spreadsheet for this month's orders. Marie has never worked in Microsoft Excel before, but she is a good worker and her boss is confident she can learn how to use the software quickly. Which of the following best describes the maturity level of Marie and the leadership style that their boss should use so that the job gets done?
a. Low maturity of employee
b. Low to moderate maturity of employee
c. Moderate to high maturity of employee
d. High maturity of employee
Answer:
c. Moderate to high maturity of employee
Explanation:
Marie exhibits a maturity level of moderate to high because according to her boss Marie is an effective learner and is able to learn quickly about the Microsoft excel. She is a good worker and a can quickly grasp new techniques.
The manager should utilize participating style where all the employees are are allowed to participate in the decisions and activities of the organization. Likewise employees will take an active part in the organization and will be accountable and will give efficient output.
Hence the correct option is (c)
Marie exhibits c. Moderate to high maturity of employee because she is a good worker and fast learner. Her boss should combine supporting behavior with delegating behavior, starting with guidance in learning Excel and moving towards autonomy as Marie gains proficiency.
Marie's situation indicates a moderate to high maturity level, as she is characterized as a good worker capable of learning quickly. With no prior experience in Excel, Marie requires guidance and support initially but also has the drive to learn and the capacity to work independently once she obtains the necessary skills. Therefore, the leadership style that would best meet Marie's needs and ensure the spreadsheet task is completed would involve a combination of supporting behavior and delegating behavior. Initially, Marie's boss should give her the tools and support she needs to learn Excel, such as providing training resources or time to practice. But given her good work ethic and ability to learn, her boss should also allow her some autonomy to handle the task herself as she becomes more comfortable with the software.
The period of the "five good emperors" was characterized by
Select one:
A. dynastic succession within the royal line.
B. stability and prosperity.
C. the establishment of Christianity as the state religion.
D. more democratic institutions.
E. violent succession.
Answer:B
Explanation:
During the five good emperor they were known for bringing peace, stability and prosperity and also adopting of one's heir to the throne
Answer:
The answer is B): stability and prosperity.
Explanation:
The period of the “five good emperors” (Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, and Marcus Aurelius)—who did not rule successively as heirs of a bloodline, but as adopted heirs in the Roman Empire—was characterized by stability and prosperity.
If a counselor is asked to disclose privileged information about a client who cannot be located, then the obligation to assert the privilege rests with ____.
Answer: The obligation to assert the privilege rests with the COUNSELOR
Explanation: A counselor is a professional that advises people especially on personal problems. In order to be able to advise people effectively, a lot of personal information will be given away by the client to the counselor. Usually it is expected that this remains between the client and the counselor.
If a counselor is asked to provide privileged information about a client, it is solely up to the counselor to oblige.
The United States employs its military capabilities at home and abroad in support of its national security goals in a variety of operations known in doctrine today as
Range of Military Operations in planning.
These operations vary in size, purpose, and combat intensity within a range of military operations that extends from military engagement, security cooperation, and deterrence activities to crisis response and limited contingency operations, and, if necessary, to major operations and campaigns. The use of joint capabilities in military engagement, security cooperation, and deterrence activities shapes the operational environment and helps to keep the day-to-day tensions between nations or groups below the threshold of armed conflict, while maintaining US global influence.
The United States employs its military capabilities at home and abroad to support operations known as Range of military operations in planning.
What is Military Operation?Military operation involves series of operation that is coordinated by the military body in response to a situation or happening.
Military hands from various quarter can be employed for this purpose.
Therefore, The United States employs its military capabilities at home and abroad in support of its national security goals in a variety of operations known in doctrine today as Range of military operations in planning.
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In this culture "Yes" may mean I heard you rather than "I agree" or "I will do it".
A.European
B.African American
C.Asian
D.Native American
Answer:
I guess European.
Explanation:
some Asian and african countries have strict society in which good manners and respect to elders are important, but most of Europeans have the habit of doing that.
Answer: C Asian
Explanation:
In Asian cultures, words that could be translated to yes or no depend on the context and grammar of the question. Japanese people may say ´Yes´ to something they don´t agree on, as in Japanese ´yes´ usually means ´Yes, I heard you´ and not ´Yes, I agree´.
Similarly, in Chinese, saying ´Yes´ might be only a way to avoid disappointing the other person, as it could mean that they heard the other person or that they are paying atention, and not necesseraly that they agree.
The Marine Corps, in common interest with the Army, has the responsibility to develop _____________ for landing forces, tactics, techniques and equipment
The Marine Corps and Army share the responsibility of developing doctrine for landing forces, tactics, techniques and equipment. This makes sure military operations on the ground are effectively and safely conducted. This process is ongoing to adapt to new threats and technology advances.
Explanation:The Marine Corps, in partnership with the Army, is tasked with the development of doctrine pertaining to landing forces, tactics, techniques, and equipment. This responsibility is essential for providing guidance in how to conduct military operations on the ground, from initial landing to broader engagement. It involves the thorough examination and revision of operational tactics, techniques, and equipment to ensure they are effective and safe. This development process is ongoing, as strategies and equipment must constantly be updated to meet evolving threats and technological advancements.
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The Marine Corps, along with the Army, develops doctrine for tactics, techniques, and equipment for landing forces. This doctrine serves as a guide for standardized military operations, such as amphibious landings.
Explanation:The Marine Corps, in conjunction with the Army, has the critical task of developing doctrine for tactics, techniques, and equipment specific to landing forces. The doctrine outlines standardized methodologies and considerations to optimize effectiveness and ensure cohesiveness within military operations. For example, amphibious landing doctrine would include strategies for beachhead establishment, deployment of forces, and integration of equipment like landing craft and armored vehicles.
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Explain the environmental factors presented in the Case Study, as well as others that may be present but not specifically identified in the Case Study that might affect Sam’s development. With the environmental factors you explained, further explain what you think the best case scenario and the worst case scenario might be for Sam’s short-term developmental outcomes and explain why?
Answer:
**The "Case Study" is included in the picture file attached below.
Any substance a pregnant mother consumes has direct effects on the baby (fetus) in the womb; since Jane (mother in the case study) drank across her pregnancy, the baby probably has "Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder", and of course the stressful situation about the father been fired added environmental tension as well.
Worst case scenario, tension multiplies due Roberto not having a stable income status, Jane would have to work harder and even a 2nd job, the baby health status complicates tragically due to the lack of medical attention and the stressful environment.
Best case scenario, Jane's mother helps to ease the situation by joining in since they all have a good relationship, Sam's potential FASD is easily managed and fixed, everybody learns and grows from the experience and Sam's development turns out to have a good outcome with a solid family.
Answer:
Even though genetics shapes the physical aspects of a developing child (and some behavioral aspects as well), children can achieve a great if nurtured properly. Many environmental factors are responsible for shaping the behavior, and to some extent, the alterable physical aspects of a developing child. Influences such as proper parenting, nutrition, adequate social interaction, economic status, mental stimulation, and a good education help shape a child’s behavior. This report focuses on the educational aspect and how early education plays a vital role in child development.
Education is necessary to help a child develop mentally and intellectually. Education also aids in a child’s social and emotional development. Children enrolled in preschools get an early feel of being in an educational institution and functioning as part of a social group that is unrelated to them. This helps children acquire the social skills necessary to interact with other individuals who may be strangers.
Preschoolers also learn how to interact emotionally. Simple tasks and exercises taught in school stimulate their minds, and teachers help them develop their communication skills in small steps. The use of colorful educational tools and toys help develop children’s curiosity. Children are born with a curious nature, and the acts of touching, pushing, making things move, and even breaking things are expressions of a child feeding their inner curiosity about how objects work.
Explanation:
PLATO answer
How can the practice of dialogue help someone become a better intercultural communicator?
a. True dialogue reflects feelings of mutual equality and supportiveness that helps us really hear the voices of those who come from other cultures.
b. Dialogue is similar to daily conversation, but it requires us to investigate the cultural background of the other interactants before we speak.
c. True dialogue can only take place when we focus on understanding people from other cultures, rather than on knowing our assumptions and social locations.
d. Dialogue helps us show respect and supportiveness, but its drawback is that we cannot hear the voices of those who are shy or quiet.
Answer:
The correct answer is:
a. True dialogue reflects feelings of mutual equality and supportiveness which helps us really hear the voices of those who come from other cultures.
Explanation:
Dialogue is defined as the exchange of ideas regarding different kinds of thoughts exposed by the participants. In this practice, emotions, opinions and knowledge are shared in order to create a synchronous construction; in which the main idea is to feed knowledge in a way that can be shared. Besides at the same time in this practice, it is primordial to be able to respect the beliefs and customs of others.
In the United States, people attend funerals in black-colored clothes while in Japan, people wear white-colored clothes. This expectation of dressing in appropriate color of clothes according to the situation is an example of cultural _____biasesrolesnormssanctionsstereotypes
Answer:
norms.
Explanation:
The Cambridge Dictionary defines norm as "an accepted standard or a way of behaving or doing things that most people agree". This is congruent with the fact that colurs may have different meanings in different cultures.
A man has been in a two-year relationship with his partner. During that time, the man has insisted on checking his partner's phone once per week to ensure his partner is not cheating on him. The man argues with his partner and often brings up old arguments. The man easily becomes angry and is especially sensitive when his partner disagrees with him. Which type of male perpetrator of intimate partner violence does this describe?a. Violent resistance b. Mutual violent control c. Common couple violence d. Intimate terrorism
The correct answer is letter D
Explanation: Intimate Terrorism (IT) is identified where the individual is highly controlling and violent but their partner is not.
Peter belonged to his high school yearbook committee a few years ago. He remembers how much fun they had together, the long hours they worked, and what a great yearbook they produced. Amazingly, even though they are all now in college, most of the group members still get together to recall old times and catch up. This is evidence that the group was ______
Answer:
cohesive
Explanation:
Group cohesion: The term group cohesion represents the members of a particular group who work together in a positive environment as well as feels positive about their work.
It can cause both, positive consequences or negative consequences that can often lead to alarming results, same as groupthink.
It causes unity in the different members of a group to work together precisely and satisfy the goals, needs, etc.
A groups' cohesion is being impacted by various factors, for example, trust & member similarity.
In the question above, the statement signifies the evidence about the group being cohesive.
Answer:
i'm pretty sure that its faces
Explanation:
yeah
<21{1[1(01)01]}> Since Jessica’s participation in local politics increased significantly after she joined her school’s political scienceclub, it is clear that her involvement in that club led her to take an interest in politics. The argument above is flawed because:
a. it doesn’t say which political issues Jessica is interested in.
b. it states that the only purpose of the political science club is to spark an interest in politics.
c. it misuses the word "significantly.
d. it’s possible that an interest in politics caused Jessica to join the political science club
Answer: D. It’s possible that an interest in politics caused Jessica to join the political science club
Explanation: The text above states that since Jessica joined the school political science club, her activity in local politics has increased significantly. Such a claim cannot make a clear conclusion as to what preceded what, that is, what caused the other. There is a clear link between the two actions, but it can also be concluded that Jessica's interest in politics was the reason for her joining the school's political science club. The fact that her involvement in local politics has increased significantly does not mean that this is due to her joining the school club. Perhaps her involvement in local politics has increased after her interest in politics, which is why she joined a school club to increase her knowledge about politics and consequently involvement in local politics.
The correct answer is letter D
Explanation: In this case as Jessica joined the club this generated a great interest in politics, joining the club made her more likely to see politics in a more interesting way.
A person with a need to be admired and an inflated sense of self-importance most likely has _____ personality disorder.
Answer:
Narcissistic personality disorder
Explanation:
— one of several types of personality disorders — is a mental condition in which people have an inflated sense of their own importance, a deep need for excessive attention and admiration, troubled relationships, and a lack of empathy for others.
Dr. Rodriguez, an educational psychologist, looks at the student-environment interaction to determine how to improve a student’s performance. He is taking the _____ perspective.
A. cognitive
B. evolutionary
C. sociocultural
D. behavioral
Answer: He is taking the behavioural perspective.
Explanation: According to behaviourist, people's behaviour are as a result of their interaction with their environment. For example, if a child grows up in an environment where sports are highly encouraged, the child will most likely participate in sports or become an athlete.
Dr. Rodriguez examining the student interaction with the environment is termed Behaviourism: focusing on observable behavior, denying any independent significance for mind, and usually assuming that behavior is determined by the environment.
How would each type of the three ethical theories used to discuss sexual morality in this chapter address the issue of homosexuality?
Answer:
Ethical theories have rules/principles that are used to determine right or wrong in any given situation. In this situation will be used Utilitarian, Kant and Natural law theories.
Utilitarians: use to consider the greatest good for all, so is the case to consider if a homosexual relation is beneficial to all involved. Also society judgment should depend on if it had good or bad social consequences. For Kant’s ethics (which is basically based on reason not emotion) the actions are judged in terms of respects for others and should be based on honesty and good intentions. Finally, for Natural law ethics it would be analyzed from whether the practice is consistent with the human nature.
Teachers in experientially-based classrooms do not require rules and procedures because of the nature of instruction.a. Trueb. False
Answer:
The correct answer is False. Rules and procedures are necessary in an experientially-based classroom.
Explanation:
Although the structure of an experientially-based classroom is different because students are given a lot of autonomy to work independently, there is still a need for rules and procedures. For example, in an experientially-based classroom, the professor is more of a facilitator who helps students to be accountable for their own work by setting deadlines and showing evidence of service project progress. There also needs to be rules established that assure that outspoken and confident students do not dominate discussion or take up all the opportunities for hands-on and experiential learning.
The idea that rules and procedures are not required in experientially-based classrooms is false as they are necessary for effective management of the learning environment. Informal education has its own norms which act as informal rules, and experiments, although powerful tools, have their flaws and require stringent controls.
Explanation:The statement that teachers in experientially-based classrooms do not require rules and procedures is false. Even in classrooms where experiential learning is emphasized, establishing a structure with rules and procedures is essential for managing a learning environment effectively. This ensures safety, fairness, and clarity of expectations for students as they engage in active and often collaborative learning tasks.
In terms of informal education, which refers to the learning of cultural norms and ad-hoc education outside formal school settings, while it may lack the formal structure of classroom-based instruction, it still occurs within a framework of social expectations and norms that function as rules and procedures in their own right.
Lastly, regarding experiments and their potential issues, it is indeed true that experiments allow scientists to make cause-and-effect claims, but they are not without problems. An experiment, such as controlling for temperature changes in a classroom to understand its effect on student concentration, would require clear controls to yield reliable results.
One way for people to break the vicious cycle of depression is to:
accept more personal responsibility for their own bad mood.
frequently talk to their friends about their negative thoughts and depressive feelings.
participate more often in activities they consider pleasant and rewarding.
spend more time in quiet rest, seclusion, and personal meditation.
The correct answer is C. Participate more often in activities they consider pleasant and rewarding.
Explanation:
Depression is a common mental issue that affects an individual's mood. As a result, the individual experiences permanent negative feelings such as sadness or lack of interest. This leads to a vicious cycle that involves negative thoughts and feelings that lead to a lack of interest and participation in activities, then this leads to feelings of guilt that leads to sleeping issues, and this causes negative thoughts and feelings.
Due to this, one of the ways to break this cycle is to "participate more often in activities they consider pleasant and rewarding" because in this way interest is recovered and therefore feelings of guilt disappear which breaks the cycle and leads to less sleeping issues and negative thoughts/feelings.
Airbnb hosts in Japan deliberately keep quiet about their involvement with the online bed and breakfast site, concerned that their neighbors might have one bad interaction with a foreigner — more noise than is acceptable, leaving shoes where they are not permitted, or a trampled flowerbed — that might lead to problems with their landlord or police. This example of a conservative cultural outlook on behavior norms makes Japanese culture a ________ culture.
Answer:
The answer is Tight culture
Explanation:
Tight culture are those in which their social norms are strong, reliably imposed and clearly defined, leaving room for individual improvistion and interpretation. They have little tolerance for deviance unlie loose cultures who have weak social norms and are highly permissive. Example of countries with tight culture are Japan, China, France, India, Signapore.
Six months ago Zach made his first bungee jump. Before he jumped, he was intensely terrified. But when he completed the jump he felt relieved. After many jumps Zach feels only a mild amount of fear when he prepares to jump and feels intense elation both during and after the jump. This phenomenon can best be explained by the ______________ theory.
The correct answer is opponent-process
Explanation: Solomon's Opponent Process Theory suggests that emotional reactions to a stimulus are followed by opposite emotional reactions.
This theory may explain why people like their stunt work. First, the individual will feel intense anxiety before performing a move and then the person will receive an opposite reaction of relief after the feat is completed.
Zach's experiences can be best explained by the two-factor theory of emotion or Schachter-Singer theory, which states that emotions consist of both physiological and cognitive factors. So, over time, Zach's interpretation of his physiological response to bungee jumping changed from fear to elation. Also, the concept of habituation explains Zach's decreasing fear of repeated jumps.
Explanation:The phenomenon that Zach is experiencing can be best described by the two-factor theory of emotion, also known as the Schachter-Singer theory. According to this theory, emotions are composed of two factors: physiological and cognitive. When Zach made his first bungee jump, his body responded with intense physiological arousal (fear), but after several jumps, his cognitive perception of the situation changed. Now, he labels his arousal as anticipation or excitement, thereby leading to elation both during and after the jump.
The important factor in the two-factor theory is the labeling of the physiological experience, a type of cognitive appraisal. This theory is predicated on the idea that the same physiological arousal can be interpreted differently depending on the context and the individual's cognitive appraisal of the situation. So what was initially a terrifying experience for Zach has now become an exhilarating one due to his changing cognitive appraisal of the situation.
Also to note is habituation, where the response to a stimulus decreases over time with repeated exposure. Zach’s fear reduced over time as he became accustomed to the jump, this is a common response to repeated exposure to any initially stressful or frightening situation.
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Two strategies related to the positive reinforcement function are especially effective together: 1) extinction of challenging behavior, and 2) reinforcement of specific types of appropriate replacement behavior. The second strategy involves identifying the appropriate behavior that will replace the challenging behavior and providing reinforcement contingent on the occurrence of that replacement behavior. Which term is used to describe the second strategy?a. discriminative reinforcement.b. differential reinforcement.c. nondifferentiated reinforcement.d. noncontingent reinforcement.
Answer:
The answer is B- Differential Reinforcement
Explanation:
Differential reinforcement is also called Alternative Behavior, it is method used to reduce problem behaviors or getting rid of undesirable behavior by using positive reinforcement in a structured manner to increase the desirable. Differential reinforcement is used to increase appropriate behavior. Undesirable behavior can be reduced through ethical, reinforcement based methods first.
Differential reinforcement is the term used to reinforce appropriate replacement behaviour to eliminate challenging behaviours.
Differential reinforcement is the term used to describe the second strategy of reinforcing specific types of appropriate replacement behaviour to eliminate challenging behaviours.
Which of the following is the definition of authentication?
(A) Provides a stronger cryptographic result with a shorter key.
(B) The process of confirming the identity of a user. Also, ensuring that a sender and recipient are who they say they are.
(C) The certificate authority’s list of invalid certificates.
(D) A protocol or an algorithm allowing two users to exchange a secret key over unsecure communications.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
It is important because authentication process help the companies to protect our data, furthermore it prevents someone from stealing our identity and commiting a felony.
The Spartan state
Select one:
A. emphasized the role of women in political affairs.
B. was designed to favor the commercial class.
C. gave unprecedented personal freedom to male warriors.
D. subordinated the family to the state.
E. permitted helots to participate in politics.
Answer:
D. subordinated the family to the state.
Explanation:
From the eighth century onwards, Sparta became the state with the greatest military force in Greece. It had a political system of dual kings and an educational system designed to produce only warriors. The Spartan state and its system of state slaves were designed to facilitate and support the military domain of Sparta.
A person's self-concept consists of a number of images that can be placed on a continuum ranging from positive to negative.a. Trueb. False
Answer:
The correct answer is:
a. True
Explanation:
The self-concept is commonly used by individuals to paint a picture of themselves in order to be able to describe internally the way they are presented to the surrounding world. In this mental image, all the attributes and defects can be included that is why it is said that it can go from the positive to the negative. This kind of picture is constructed taking into consideration different points of view as the one from the individual himself, how others perceive the individual, the way in which others talk about themselves and the way in which the individual thinks others perceive him. This self-image is also built taking into account the stereotypes, and standards established by society that normally contribute to turn the picture into a negative perception about the self-being.
If you experience __________, move the vehicle so all four wheels are off the pavement, turn on your emergency flashers, get all passengers out on the side away from traffic, tie a white cloth on the left door handle or antenna, and raise the hood.
Answer: Breakdowns
Explanation:
Breakdown mechanism is motor vehicle failure situation where the vehicle does not remain in the operating condition any more.It becomes difficult for the driver to work and operate the vehicle due to several reasons like dead battery,brake issue,engine problem, flat tire etc.
The correct measures to ease such situation are calling helping agencies for assistance, emergency flasher signals can be turned on , vehicle should be pushed and moved off the lane where traffic is on-going etc. These guideline should be followed to handle breakdown emergency situations.
Target found out a teenager was pregnant by (1) _________________ and revealed that fact to her dad by (2) _________________. a. (1) Overhearing the teen in the store; (2) calling her dad b. (1) Her purchases of diapers; (2) sending an official letter to the dad c. (1) Her purchases of unscented soap, cotton balls, and vitamins; (2) mailing her some ads for diapers and maternity clothes d. (1) Her sudden elation when visiting the children's department; (2) sending a video of her tears of happiness in that department e. None of the above
Answer:
C
Explanation:
The teenager purchased unscented soap, cotton balls and vitamins, that are suggestive of a person improving health due to pregnancy.
Target then sent mails of ads, suggesting other things to buy to cope with the pregnancy, which got intercepted by her father.
This revealed the fact the teenager was pregnant, to her father.
Persuasion relies on social connections and cultural assumptions that set the standards for what is considered correct or trustworthy.
A. True
B. False
Answer:
A. True
Explanation:
The sentence is true, as for an individual to be successfully persuasive they rely on social connections, because persuasion works better if occur identification between sources and receivers. They create a false sense of connection and become trustworthy.
Muslim toleration of "People of the Book" includes Select one: a. Sumerians. b. Greeks. c. literate individuals. d. Saracens. e. Christians.
Muslim toleration of "People of the Book" includes Christians (e).
Muslims called Jews and Christians "People of the Book" in reference to their respective holy Scriptures (the Torah and the Bible/Gospels). Believing that Allah had manifested Himself to Jewish and Christian prophets such as Abraham, Moses, and Jesus, Muslims respected these groups more than the non-believers and allowed them to practice their teachings.
In cultures that use this subsistence strategy, there is a reliance of one main crop--usually a crop such as rice, wheat, or corn. While there is a debate about the impact of this subsistence strategy on the overall social, physical, and environmental health of a community, as of about 10,000 years ago, much of the world's population has begun to rely on food produced in this way. What is the name of this subsistence strategy?
Answer: Agriculture
Agriculture is the union of techniques applied in the soil for the cultivation of vegetables intended for human and animal food, production of raw materials and ornamentation. Agriculture is a productive activity of great importance for man, because it is from it that we have our livelihood. There are three factors related to agricultural production: physical, such as soil and climate; the human factor, which corresponds to the workforce in its development; and the economic factor, which refers to the value of land and the level of technologies applied in production.