Next-generation sequencing reveals six new mutations have occurred in the coding regions of genes in an individual diploid fly. if the coding regions of this fly comprise 100 million nucleotides per haploid genome, what is the mutation rate per nucleotide?
The mutation rate per nucleotide in the coding regions of the diploid fly's genome is 3 x 10^-8, derived by dividing the six new mutations by the total nucleotides in the diploid coding genome (200 million).
To calculate the mutation rate per nucleotide in the coding regions of the diploid fly's genome, we first consider the total number of coding bases per diploid genome, which is 2 x 100 million (as each haploid genome contains 100 million and the fly is diploid). If there are six new mutations, we divide the total number of new mutations by the total number of nucleotides in the coding regions of the diploid genome.
The calculation is as follows: 6 mutations / (2 x 100,000,000 nucleotides) = 3 x 10-8 mutations per nucleotide. This means the mutation rate is 3 x 10-8 for this individual fly.
The ____________ of a muscle is usually attached to a fixed location.
what is the the product of pyruvate processing
Answer:
Acentyl CoA
Explanation:
Apex
Autonomic tone, the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic activity, is regulated by the
Why is dna replication defined as semi conservative?
A patient is transferred to a nursing home without arrangements for follow-up being discussed with the family or a clinician responsible for follow-up care
What is the complementary sequence corresponding to the dna fragment gataca?
In the cell shown below, which lettered structure is responsible for the excretion of most cellular waste
Well, the answer to this question could be two options, cell wall and lysosomes.
The cell wall works in a way that this waste, can be anything that won't be useful to the cell, will be thrown out of the cell through the membrane, and this can happen because this cell membrane is made out of phospholipids, and they adjust themselves in a way that they can let this waste go through them to get out. This membrane also has transmembrane proteins that could help this process of exocytosis.
The second part, the lysosomes, work in a way that the cell waste goes inside this lysosome, and inside of it, there are multiple different kinds of enzymes that can turn this waste into little molecules that can be used by the cell instead of just throwing it away.
Jamal is asked to write a science essay about molecular forces. He first turns to his science textbook for information. Which is the BEST second source for Jamal’s research?
Answer:
a scientific journalExplanation:
A 65-year-old patient reports night sweats and weight loss. the complete blood count report shows that she has lymphocytosis. the total white blood cell count is 23,000 microliters. on diagnosis, the bone marrow of the patient is infiltrated with small lymphocytes. what should the nurse suspect based on the information?
what are some of the health issues that clones may experience?
What is the advantage of having the bacterial dna near the center of the cell?
Answer:
The DNA of the bacteria is present in a circular form which can be housed inside the irregularly shaped nucleoid without membrane. The nucleoid contains other biomolecules like proteins, enzymes and RNA along with DNA.
The bacterial DNA is present in the center of the cell as its central location enables it to reach the to all parts of the cell which could facilitate the cell functions easily. Since DNA controls all the functions of the nucleus, therefore, it's central location is necessary to the cell.
Describe the difference between exocrine glands and endocrine glands. list below an example of each and what hormone they release.
How do hydrophilic and hydrophobic relate to the structure of a cell membrane?
The tails, which face the inside of the cell membrane, are "hydrophobic," but the heads, which make up the exterior and inner linings, are "hydrophilic".
What is cell membrane?Cell membrane is defined as the membrane isolates the inside of the cell from the external environment and is present in all cells.
It can also be defined as a biological membrane that keeps all cells' interiors isolated from the outer world and provides protection for it.
Plasma membrane is another name for the cell membrane.
The three main function of cell membrane are:
A cell membrane is made up of lipids and proteins.Transport proteins, glycoproteins, and structural proteins all make up the cell membrane. These preserve the shape and structure of the cell, move materials across the membrane, and communicate between cells.Cell membrane are both hydrophilic and hydrophobic in nature.
Thus, the tails, which face the inside of the cell membrane, are "hydrophobic," but the heads, which make up the exterior and inner linings, are "hydrophilic".
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What are two kinds of evidence used by modern taxonomists to classify organisms based on evolutionary relationship?
The atomic number is consider a unique atom and element identifier. Describe the associated subatomic particle, and how it can be used to identify the atom.
A) The number of electrons changes in a unique way as the charge on the atom changes.
B) The proton number remains constant through changing the atomic charge, energy, and isotopes.
C) As the atom absorbs photons the way the photons interact in the nucleus gives the atomic number.
D) All isotopes of the an element have the same number of neutrons allowing it to describe the unique atom.
True or false amino acids with hydrophobic side chains are often found in the region of an integral membrane protein that spans the membrane.
True
Further explanation
Amino acids are organic compounds that have a carboxyl (-COOH) and amine (usually -NH2) functional group. This carboxyl group gives acidic properties and the amine group gives basic properties. Protein-forming amino acids will bind to each other with peptide bonds, so that in one dipeptide molecule they contain one peptide bond.
In general, in an amino acid a C atom binds four groups, namely: a carboxyl group, an amine group, a hydrogen atom and a residual group (side chain, -R group). The side chains of the different amino acids (R groups) in amino acids determine the structure, size, electrical charge and water solubility.
There are 2 types of amino acids based on the body's ability to synthesize, namely essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids. Essential amino acids are amino acids that cannot be synthesized in the body, but are obtained from outside, for example through food (lysine, leucine, isoleucine, threonine, methionine, valine, phenylalanine, histidine, and arginine). Non-essential amino acids are amino acids that can be synthesized in the body through an overhaul of other compounds.
Classification of amino acids can be done based on side chains (-R groups) and their solubility in water. Based on the solubility in water divided into hydrophobic and hydrophilic amino acids.
AMINO ACID BIOLOGICAL FUNCTION
- Compiler of proteins, including enzymes.
- The basic framework of a number of important compounds in metabolism
- Binding of important metal ions needed in enzymatic reactions.
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Details
Class: High School
Subject: biology
Keywords : Amino acid, enzymes, carboxyl
Amino acids with hydrophobic side chains are present in the region of an integral membrane protein that spans the membrane. This statement is true.
Further Explanation:
The Fluid Mosaic Model suggests that the plasma membrane is a unique structure with phospholipids, proteins and several carbohydrate molecules. Arrangement of phospholipids provides the membrane fluidity. The transmembrane domain is embedded in the hydrophobic layer, holding the proteins. Their hydrophobic nature is a must for their presence in the hydrophobic environment.Integral membrane proteins (IMPs) are composed of two types of amino acids:
Polar amino acids Non-polar amino acidsThe polar part lies close to the hydrophilic part of the lipid bilayer, and the non-polar components lie adjacent to the hydrophobic part. Membrane spanning regions in the plasma membrane is called the transmembrane domain. These domains are made up of some hydrophobic molecules (amino acids) and play a major role in holding the protein in the membrane. Transmembrane domains are present in the hydrophobic layer and hence are similar in nature, providing them stability.
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Learn more about the treatment of eukaryotic cell with a drug https://brainly.com/question/10767798 Learn more about the proteins synthesis in a cell https://brainly.com/question/1420458 Learn more about the exchange of gases by blood cells https://brainly.com/question/1213217
Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subjects: Biology
Chapter: Cell Membrane
Keywords:
Polar, non-polar, amino acid, hydrophobic, hydrophilic, membrane, stability, nature, molecule, fluid mosaic model, environment, nature.
What happens when you put aluminum foil in a microwave?
Final answer:
Placing aluminum foil in a microwave can cause sparks and potentially start a fire due to high-energy radiation causing electrons in the metal to move, leading to rapid heating and damage to the microwave. It's not recommended to put metal in a microwave.
Explanation:
What happens when you put aluminum foil in a microwave? When aluminum foil is placed in a microwave, the electric fields in microwaves cause the electrons in the metal to move, creating currents of electricity. This can cause sparks, or arcing, between points of the foil or between the foil and the sides of the microwave. Additionally, microwaves are high-energy radiation that increases the movement of electrons in materials they interact with, which can lead to the foil heating up rapidly. This can damage the microwave's components or even start a fire. It's important to remember that microwaves heat food by causing water molecules to vibrate, but metals reflect these microwaves, leading to uneven heating and potentially hazardous situations. Therefore, it's not recommended to put metal, such as aluminum foil, in a microwave.
Dna is a polymer, which means that is made up of many repeating single units (monomers). what are the monomers called?
How will the diversity of species differ between early and late succesion areas?
Two parents produce offspring that share their characteristics through ____________ p\reproduction
Which of the below animals is the least related to the others, evolutionarily?
If you would like the same label to appear in the first ten cells of column a, you should _____.
Answer:
Copy and paste by using special function (ALT+E+S+V)
Explanation:
It is easy to work on excel as it allows to increase efficiency by easing the completion of repetitive work.
In this case when same label is to be copied to ten different cell of a column, then one can do the following -
a) put the cursor on the label that is to be copied
b) Press ctrl + C to copy the label
c) Now select the columns in which the labels are to be copied
d) Press ALT + E+ S+V and select format if only format is to be pasted.
In the postanesthesia care unit (pacu), the nurse notes that the patient is having difficulty breathing and suspects an upper airway obstruction. what would the nurse do first?
Volcanoes are usually formed as a result of _____.
a convergent boundary, where both plates are continental
a divergent boundary, where at least one of the plates is oceanic
a transform fault boundary, where both plates are oceanic
a convergent boundary, where at least one of the plates is oceanic
The answer is B. a divergent boundary, where at least one of the plates is oceanic
reposting this question because a guy named taskmasters answered this question and it wasnt even correct.
Which of the following would be the most important adaptation for a desert-dwelling animal to possess?
a.
heat dissipation structures
b.
heat conserving structures
c.
energy conserving behaviors
d.
water conserving behaviors
The correct answer is option d. water conserving behavior.
The desert biome lacks water, so, the conservation of the water is very important for the organism for the survival in the deserts. The desert dwelling animals are adapted, in such a way, that the water is conserved in the body of the animals. They do not drink water for many days and utilize the water present in the body.
Proteins attract water and hold it within blood vessels, preventing it from freely flowing into the spaces between the cells. this is an example of how protein is used for:
a. maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance.
b. building antibodies.
c. supporting growth and maintenance.
d. maintaining ph balance.
e. building enzymes, hormones, and other compounds.
. Which factor does not take a population out of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? allele frequency natural selection mutation rate genetic drift
Allele frequency
Explanation;According to Hardy Weinberg Principle, the gene or allele frequencies in a population will remain stable from generation to generation until acted on by an outside force.Allele frequencies in a population will not change from generation to generation, as far as factors of evolution such as natural selection, mutation, and migration are not taking place.Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can be disturbed by the forces of evolution which includes, mutations, natural selection, gene flow, non-random mating and genetic drift."phenylalanine is an amino acid needed by the body and must be ingested through the diet. therefore, this is an example of a(n) _____________ amino acid."
Answer:
this is an example os thyrosine amino acid
Explanation:
Areas with little rainfall tend to have basic soils, which have a high pH. Which of the following is an ion known to increase soil pH? A.Sodium B.Oxygen C.Sulfate D.Magnesium
Magnesium ion increase the soil pH and neutralize the basic soil due to little rainfall. thus, option D is correct.
Who less rainfall affects the pH of soil?In warm, humid environments, soil pH decreases over time in a process called soil acidification, due to leaching from high amounts of rainfall. In dry climates, however, soil weathering and leaching are less intense and pH can be neutral or alkaline.
Magnesium ion is vital to plant growth and health. It also increase the pH of the soil as it replace hydrogen ion which resulted in increase of acidity of soil.
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