Which of the following is a basic solution? Select one: a. HCl dissolved in water b. household ammonia c. vinegar d. pure water Incorrect

Answer: The initial acceleration of the proton = (4.56 × 10^23) m/s2

The initial acceleration of the electron = (8.36 × 10^26) m/s2

Explanation: The force of attraction between the proton and electron can be computed using the statements of Coulomb's law which state that the force of attraction between two charged particles is directly proportional to the product of the two charges and inversely proportional to the square of their distances apart.

F = (Kq1q2)/(r^2) where K = (9 × (10^9) Nm(C^-2))

But q1 is the charge on a proton = (1.6 × (10^-19)) C

q2 is charge on an electron = -(1.6 × (10^-19)) C

r = (5.50 × (10^-10))mm = (5.50 × (10^-13))m

Computing all that, F = 0.0007616529 N = (7.62 × 10^-4) N

But the force of attraction is converted to that required for motion when they're released.

F = ma.

For proton, m = (1.67 × 10^-27) kg

a = F/m = 0.000762/(1.67 × 10^-27) = (4.56 × 10^23) m/s2

For electron, m = (9.11 × 10^-31) kg

a = F/m = 0.000762/(9.11 × 10^-31) = (8.36 × 10^26) m/s2

QED!

Final answer:

The initial acceleration of a proton and an electron, when released 5.50×10−10 mm apart, can be found using Coulomb's law and Newton's second law. The electrostatic force is first calculated using the charge of the particles and the separation distance, then divided by their respective masses to find their accelerations.

Explanation:

To calculate the initial acceleration of a proton and an electron when they are 5.50×10−10 mm apart, we use Coulomb's law which states that the electrostatic force (F) between two charges is proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The formula is F = k × (q1 × q2) / r2, where k is the electrostatic constant (8.99×109 N×m2/C2), q1 and q2 are the charges of the proton and electron, and r is the separation distance. The acceleration (a) of each particle can then be found using Newton's second law (F = m × a), by dividing the electrostatic force by the mass (m) of the proton or electron respectively.

For a proton, the charge is +1.602×10−19 C and mass is 1.67×10−27 kg. For an electron, the charge is −1.602×10−19 C and mass is 9.11×10−31 kg. The initial acceleration for each particle can be calculated by using their respective masses and the electrostatic force derived from Coulomb's law.

Answer: the concentration of H in the stomach acid is greater than that of the lemon juice

Explanation:Please see attachment for explanation

To determine the number of water molecules in the hydrate of copper(II) sulfate, we can use the given information. We start with a 14.220 g sample of the hydrate and heat it to 300°C. After heating, the resulting anhydrous salt, CuSO4, has a mass of 8.9935 g. The difference in mass, 14.220 g - 8.9935 g = 5.2265 g, represents the mass of the water that has been driven off.

To determine the number of water molecules in the hydrate of copper(II) sulfate, we can use the given information. We start with a 14.220 g sample of the hydrate and heat it to 300°C. After heating, the resulting anhydrous salt, CuSO4, has a mass of 8.9935 g. The difference in mass, 14.220 g - 8.9935 g = 5.2265 g, represents the mass of the water that has been driven off. To calculate the number of moles of water, we need to convert the mass to moles using the molar mass of water which is approximately 18 g/mol. Therefore, the number of moles of water is 5.2265 g / 18 g/mol = 0.2904 mol. Lastly, to determine the value of 'n' in the hydrate formula CuSO4 · nH2O, we consider the ratio of moles of water to moles of anhydrous salt. From the equation, 1 mole of CuSO4 corresponds to 5 moles of water, so for 0.2904 mol of water, we have 0.2904 mol / 5 = 0.0581 mol of CuSO4. Therefore, the empirical formula for the hydrate is CuSO4 · 0.0581H2O.

To find the molecular formula, we need the molar mass of the hydrate. The molar mass of the anhydrous salt CuSO4 is approximately 159.6 g/mol. From the given information, the molar mass of the hydrate is 94.1 g/mol. To find the value of 'n', we divide the molar mass of the hydrate by the molar mass of the empirical formula unit. Therefore, 94.1 g/mol / 159.6 g/mol = 0.590. Lastly, we multiply the subscripts in the empirical formula by the value of 'n'. The molecular formula for the hydrate of copper(II) sulfate is CuSO4 · 0.590H2O.

Answer:

2. sand and gravel filtration.

Explanation:

Sand and/or gravel filters are made at home usually comprising of a pipe or tub filled with sand and gravel, while the advanced commercial systems usually filters contain other filtration media and processes such as charcoal filtration phytoremediation reverse osmosis

Wet oxidation

Activated sludge systems

Upflow anaerobic sludge

Vacuum evaporation

blanket digestion

Anaerobic filter

Urine-diverting dry toilet

Vermifilter

Activated sludge model

Answer:

D

Explanation:

Mendeleev was a Russian scientist. His works provided the framework for the present day periodic table. What Mendeleev did was to arrange the elements in order of their atomic weights.

He however had some gaps in his periodic table. He impressively predicted the elements that would fill in these blank spaces even though they were yet to be discovered as at then.

Answer:

Empirical formula = C₃S₂

Explanation:

Given data:

Mass of carbon = 44.0 mg (44/1000 = 0.044 g)

Mass of sulfur = 122 mg - 44.0 mg = 78 mg = 78/1000 = 0.078 g)

Empirical formula = ?

Solution:

First of all we will calculate the number of moles.

Number of moles of carbon = mass / molar mass

Number of moles of carbon = 0.044 g/ 12.01 g/mol

Number of moles of carbon = 0.0037 mol

Number of moles of sulfur:

Number of moles = mass / molar mass

Number of moles = 0.078 g/ 32,066 g/mol

Number of moles  = 0.0024 mol

Now we will compare the moles:

                C                            :                  S

             0.0037/0.0024        :             0.0024/0.0024

                  1.5                         :               1

C : S = 2(1.5 : 1)

C : S = 3 : 2

Empirical formula = C₃S₂

Answer:

The complete combustion of cyclopropane is:

2C₃H₆  +  9O₂  →  6CO₂  +  6H₂O

5914.3kcal are realeased in the  combustion of 497 g of cyclopropane

Explanation:

Heat of combustion = 499.8 kcal/mol

This data means that 1 mol of C₃H₆ release 499.8 kcal.

Let's convert the mass to moles (mass / molar mass)

497 g / 42g/mol = 11.83 moles

Let's make a rule of three:

1 mol ____ 499.8

11.83 moles _____ (11.83  .499.8)/1 =5914.3kcal

The balanced equation for the complete combustion of cyclopropane:

C3H6 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 3H2O

5748.7 kcal of energy is released during the complete combustion of 497 grams of cyclopropane.

The heat of combustion of cyclopropane is -499.8 kcal/mol, which means that 499.8 kcal of heat is released when 1 mole of cyclopropane is combusted.

To determine how much energy is released during the complete combustion of 497 grams of cyclopropane, we first need to determine the number of moles of cyclopropane in 497 grams.

The molar mass of cyclopropane is 42.08 grams/mol, so 497 grams of cyclopropane is equal to 497 / 42.08 = 11.5 moles of cyclopropane.

The energy released = (number of moles of cyclopropane) * (heat of combustion per mole of cyclopropane)

= 11.5 moles * 499.8 kcal/mol

= 5748.7 kcal

Therefore, 5748.7 kcal of energy is released during the complete combustion of 497 grams of cyclopropane.

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Answer:

m of NH3 = 6.46 g

Explanation:

First, in order to know the limiting and excess reactant, we need to write and balance the equation that is taking place:

NH₃ + O₂ ---------> NO + H₂O

Now, let's balance the equation:

4NH₃ + 5O₂ ---------> 4NO + 6H₂O

Now that we have the balanced equation, let's see which reactant is in excess. To know that, let's calculate the moles of each reactant using the molar mass:

MM NH3 = 17 g/mol

MM O2 = 32 g/mol

moles NH3 = 18.1 / 17 = 1.06 moles

moles O2 = 27.2 / 32 = 0.85 moles

Now, let's compare these moles with the theorical moles that the balanced equation gave:

4 moles NH3 --------> 5 moles O2

1.06 moles ----------> X

X = 1.06 * 5 / 4 = 1.325 moles of O2

These means in order to  NH3 completely reacts with O2, it needs 1.325 moles of O2, which we don't have it. We only have 0.85 moles of O2, therefore, the limiting reactant is the O2 and the excess is NH3.

Now, let's see how many grams in excess we have left after the reaction is complete.

4 moles NH3 --------> 5 moles O2

X moles NH3 ----------> 0.85 moles

X = 0.85 * 4 / 5 = 0.68 moles of NH3

This means that 0.85 moles of O2 will react with only 0.68 moles of NH3, and we have 1.06 so, the remaining moles are:

moles remaining of NH3 = 1.06 - 0.68 = 0.38 moles

Finally the mass:

m = 0.38 * 17

m = 6.46 g of NH3

Answer: iron (oxides of iron)

Explanation: manganese nodules usually contain layers of iron and manganese oxides in a concentric arrangement and are called polymetallic nodules.

Real gases do not obey the ideal gas law

The pressure is less than predicted because of the attractive forces between the molecules as well as energy is lost during collision of a real gas

Reason:

The ideal gas equation is given as follows;

The real gas equation is presented as follows;

The coefficient +a, is the pressure correction factor, given that the pressure of  a real gas is lower than that of an ideal, due to the attractive force that exist between the gas molecules that reduces the number of collisions of the molecules with the container's wall when they attract each other

The collisions that occur in real gas involve energy loss, therefore, the molecules tend to be less activated as predicted by the real gas law

Therefore;

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Answer:Hydrogen bonds

Explanation:

Hydrogen bonds occur between molecules when hydrogen is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative element in each molecule of the compound E.g water. Hydrogen bonds are intermolecular bond forces. They hold molecules of a substance together in a particular state of matter. They do not link atoms together but they form bridges between molecules. Hydrogen bonds exist in liquid, solid and gaseous states of matter.

Hydrogen bonds are weak bonds that form bridges between molecules. They occur when a hydrogen atom is attracted to an atom with a partial negative charge.

Hydrogen bonds are weak bonds that are not strong enough to hold atoms together to form molecules but are strong enough to form bridges between molecules. These bonds occur when a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge is attracted to an atom with a partial negative charge.

An example of hydrogen bonding is the bond between water molecules. The partial positive charge of the hydrogen atom in one water molecule is attracted to the partial negative charge of the oxygen atom in a neighboring water molecule, resulting in hydrogen bonding.

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Answer:

E

Explanation:

A. Is wrong

To prepare chicken noodle soup, several things are needed to be mixed. This is what makes it a mixture

B is wrong

Powerade is not a compound.

C is wrong

The air inside a balloon is usually helium which is an element and not a compound

D. Lead pipe is not a compound

E. Baking soda is a compound as it contains elements in different ratios

Answer:baking soda

Explanation:

A compound is formed by chemical reaction of atoms of elements. A compound is actually formed by chemical combination of elements. A soul, a Powerade, air and a lead like are not compounds. In the first three items mentioned, on!y a mixture of substances are involved. There isn't any chemical combination at all. Lead pipe only consists of one kind of element. No other thing combines with it at all.

Answer:

a.Cathode rays have mass.

b.They are subatomic size particles in an atom.

d. Matter contains negative charge and by inference positive charge.

e. Particles of the cathode rays are fundamental to all matter.

Explanation:

The statements above reflect the Thompson model of the atom. Electrons were first known as cathode rays. The Thompson's model viewed the atom as a sphere of negative charges into which positive charges were embedded. This is the plum pudding model of the atom.

Answer:

The answer to your question is            C₂H₄  +  3O₂    ⇒    2CO₂   +  2H₂O

Explanation:

Data

Ethylene = C₂H₄

Oxygen = O₂

Carbon dioxide = CO₂

Water = H₂O

Reaction

                          C₂H₄  +  O₂    ⇒    CO₂   +  H₂O

                     Reactant       Element       Product

                           2              Carbon              1

                           4               Hydrogen         2

                           2               Oxygen             3

This reaction is unbalanced

                           C₂H₄  +  3O₂    ⇒    2CO₂   +  2H₂O

                     Reactant       Element       Product

                           2              Carbon              2

                           4               Hydrogen         4

                           2               Oxygen             6

Now, the reaction is balanced

Answer:

Specific heat of silver is 0.237 J/g°C

Explanation:

To define the heat capacity (c) we have to know that it depends on the amount of mass.

If our system consists of a single substance, we talk about specific heat (C) from the relationship:

c = C. m

103.6 J/°C = C . 437 g

103.6 J/°C / 437 g = C

C = 0.237 J/g°C

After balancing the chemical equation, we determine the limiting reactant, which is H₂SO₄ in this case. This produces 0.155 moles of Ag₂SO₄. When converted to mass, this is approximately 48.33g of Ag₂SO₄.

To answer this question, we first need to balance the chemical equation. The balanced equation is: 2 AgNO₃(aq) + H₂SO₄ (aq) → Ag₂SO₄ (s) + 2 HNO₃ (aq).

From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of AgNO₃ react with 1 mole of H₂SO₄ to produce 1 mole of Ag₂SO₄. Thus, the mole ratio of AgNO₃ : H₂SO₄ : Ag₂SO₄ is 2:1:1.

Given that we have 0.255 moles of AgNO₃ and 0.155 moles of H₂SO₄, it’s clear that H₂SO₄ is the limiting reactant as it produces fewer moles of Ag₂SO₄ (based on the stoichiometric ratios). Therefore, 0.155 moles of Ag₂SO₄ will be formed.

To convert this to grams, we multiply by the molar mass of Ag₂SO₄, which is 311.8 g/mol: 0.155 moles * 311.8 g/mol = 48.33 grams of Ag₂SO₄ can be formed.

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To calculate the grams of Ag2SO4 formed, we first determine the limiting reactant from the balanced equation and then convert the moles of the limiting reactant to grams using its molar mass, resulting in 48.329 grams of Ag2SO4.

The question asks how many grams of Ag2SO4 could be formed when 0.255 moles of AgNO3 reacts with 0.155 moles of H2SO4. To solve this, we must balance the chemical equation and determine the limiting reactant.

First, we balance the equation:
2 AgNO3(aq) + H2SO4 (aq) → Ag2SO4 (s) + 2 HNO3 (aq)

With this balanced equation, we see that two moles of AgNO3 are needed to react with one mole of H2SO4. Since we have 0.255 moles of AgNO3 and 0.155 moles of H2SO4, H2SO4 is the limiting reactant. The mole ratio of H2SO4 to Ag2SO4 is 1:1, therefore 0.155 moles of Ag2SO4 will be formed.

To find the mass of Ag2SO4 formed, we use its molar mass (311.8 g/mol):
0.155 moles × 311.8 g/mol = 48.329 grams of Ag2SO4.

Final Answer:

The net ionic equation for the reaction between sodium phosphate and calcium chloride is 2 PO3−4 + 3Ca2+ → Ca3(PO4)2

Explanation:

The net ionic equation for the reaction between sodium phosphate and calcium chloride in water is:

2 PO3−4 + 3Ca2+ -> Ca3(PO4)2

This equation represents the formation of solid calcium phosphate and the dissociation of the phosphate ions. The net ionic equation showcases the essential chemical transformation by emphasizing the interaction between phosphate ions and calcium ions, resulting in the precipitation of calcium phosphate. It succinctly highlights the key species undergoing change in the reaction, streamlining the representation of the chemical process. Spectator ions, such as sodium and chloride, are excluded from the equation as they remain unchanged during the reaction and do not contribute to the formation of the precipitate.

The correct answer is option 3. The net ionic equation for the reaction occurring in water is [tex]\[ 2 \text{PO}_4^{3-} + 3 \text{Ca}^{2+} \rightarrow \text{Ca}_3(\text{PO}_4)_2 \][/tex].

To determine the net ionic equation, we need to consider the solubility of the compounds in water and the formation of precipitates. Sodium phosphate [tex](Na_3PO_4)[/tex] and calcium chloride [tex](CaCl_2)[/tex] are both ionic compounds and dissociate into their constituent ions in water.

Sodium phosphate dissociates into sodium ions [tex](Na+)[/tex] and phosphate ions [tex](PO4^3-)[/tex]. Calcium chloride dissociates into calcium ions [tex](Ca^2+)[/tex] and chloride ions [tex](Cl^{-})[/tex].

When these solutions are mixed, the calcium ions from calcium chloride react with the phosphate ions from sodium phosphate to form calcium phosphate [tex](Ca_3(PO_4)_2)[/tex], which is a precipitate. Sodium chloride (NaCl) remains dissolved in the solution because it is highly soluble in water.

The overall molecular equation for the reaction is:

[tex]\[ 2 \text{Na}_3\text{PO}_4 + 3 \text{CaCl}_2 \rightarrow 6 \text{NaCl} + \text{Ca}_3(\text{PO}_4)_2 \][/tex]

By removing the spectator ions, we are left with the net ionic equation that shows only the ions that actually participate in the formation of the precipitate:

[tex]\[ 2 \text{PO}_4^{3-} + 3 \text{Ca}^{2+} \rightarrow \text{Ca}_3(\text{PO}_4)_2 \][/tex]

Answer:

The limiting reactant is the ZnS

Explanation:

The equation for this reaction is:

2 ZnS + 3O₂ = 2 ZnO + 2 SO₂

2 moles of zinc sulfure reacts with 3 moles of oxygen.

Then, 1.72 mol of ZnS would react with ( 1.72 .3)/2 = 2.58 moles of O₂

If we have 3.04 moles, then the oxygen is the reactant in excess.

Let's confirm, the ZnS as the limiting reactant.

3 moles of oxygen react with 2 moles of sulfure.

Then, 3.04 moles of O₂ would react with (3.04 .2) / 3 = 2.02 moles of ZnS

We have 1.72 moles of Zn S and it is not enough for the 2.02 moles that we need, for the reaction.

Answer:

kill beneficial organisms in addition to the targeted pest

Explanation:

The use of pesticides have emerged as one of the main options used in the control of invertebrate pests in different parts of the world. Organophosphate is the mostly used form of pesticide in places like Australia. There have been reported issues of crops losses from the incidences of pests, despite the increase in the use of pesticides. Broad spectrum pesticides end up kill non-target invertebrate species together with the insects and mites they are out to eliminate

Answer:

Metal Halide arc lamp

Explanation:

Metal Halide arc lamp:

Metal Halide arc lamps are made for film and television lighting production use in where daylight colour match and a high temporal stability are required, they are also used in solar simulation for testing sunscreens, plastics, solar cells as well as other devices and production materials

The problem is about calculating the least amount of total illuminance from two light sources of differing intensities. This is tackled through understanding and applying the Inverse Square Law for Light, which is a concept in Physics.

In this problem, we are dealing with the concept of the Inverse Square Law for Light which states that the intensity (illuminance) of light or radiation at any point is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source. This means, if the distance from the source of light is doubled, the illuminance will decrease to (1/2)^2 = 1/4 of its original value, and if the distance is tripled, illuminance will decrease to (1/3)^2 = 1/9 of its original value etc.

Here, we have two light source, one having an intensity of nine times that of the other, and they are 11 m apart. We need to find the distance from the stronger light where the total illuminance is least. This involves setting up an equation that includes the intensities of both lights, and their respective distances from the point in question, and then differentiating it with respect to the distance to find a minimum.

In solving this problem, we consider the increased illuminance from the stronger light, and where the decrease in illuminance from the weaker light would result in the least total illuminance along the line between the two light sources. This represents a practical application of the inverse square law for light in the field of physics.

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The intensity of illumination is less at points farther from a light source because of the inverse square law for light. The point at which total illumination is least from two light sources depends on their intensities and separation.

The question relates to the inverse square law for light, which states that the intensity of light is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source. In other words, as the distance from the light source increases, the intensity of illumination decreases at a rate that's the square of this distance increase.

If you are standing between two light sources, the total illumination at the point where you stand will be a combination of the intensity of the two sources. Given that one source is nine times stronger than the other, the stronger light source will dominate the illumination at closer distances. As you move away from the stronger source and towards the weaker one, the intensity from the stronger light source will diminish quickly according to the inverse square law.

However, because the weaker light is so much less intense to begin with, even as you approach it, it can't compensate for the lost illumination from the stronger light. There will thus be a point at which the total illumination starts to decrease again. The total illumination will be least at a point where the diminishing intensity of the stronger light just balances with the increasing intensity of the weaker light as we move towards it. This point depends on the specific intensities of the two lights and their separation, and would require further computation to ascertain exact placement.

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Answer:

B) mass

Explanation:

Triple beam balance -

It is an instrument , which is used for the measurement of the mass , in a very accurate and precise manner .

The error range of this balance is +/- 0.05 gram .

It consists of three beam , of three different sizes , where the difference in the beam shows the difference in the weights and readings .

Hence, from the given statement of the question,

The correct option is B. mass.

This triple beam balance is used to measure mass in grams. Option B.

A triple beam balance is a common laboratory instrument used to measure the mass of an object. Mass is a fundamental property of matter and represents the amount of substance in an object.

The triple beam balance consists of three beams, each with different sliding weights. By adjusting these weights, the balance allows for the measurement of an object's mass in grams.

Mass is distinct from weight, which is the force exerted on an object due to gravity and can vary depending on the gravitational pull.

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Answer:

The correct answers are option 2, 3 and 6.

Explanation:

Density is defined as mas of substance present in an unit volume of the substance.

[tex]Density=\frac{Mass}{Volume}[/tex]

Density of same substance with different masses and volume remains the same that is it is an intensive property.

2. 20.2 g silver placed in 21.6 mL of water and 12.0 g silver placed in 21.6 mL of water.

3. 15.2 g copper placed in 21.6 mL of water and 50.0 g copper placed in 23.4 mL of water.

6. 11.2 g gold placed in 21.6 mL of water and 14.9 g gold placed in 23.4 mL of water.

Since the metal kept in both the cases are same.And metal has fix value of density , so from the given options the the option with sets of same of  metals has equal densities.

Answer:

1A:  ns^1

2A: ns^2

5A: ns^2np^3

7A: ns^2np^5  

Explanation:

According to IUPAC, the columns 1A, 2A, 5A, and 7A correspond to the groups, 1, 2, 15 and 17, respectively.

The outer electron configuration of these columns are the following:

Column    Outer electron configuration

1A              ns^1

2A             ns^2

5A             ns^2np^3

7A             ns^2np^5  

Therefore, for the column 1A the s orbital has only one electron, for the column 2A has the s orbital completed with 2 electrons, for the column 5A the number of electrons in the s orbital is complete (2) and the number of electrons in the p orbital is 3, for the column 7A the s orbital has 2 electrons and the p orbital has 5 electrons.            

I hope it helps you!                      

The outer electron configurations for columns 1A, 2A, 5A, and 7A in the periodic table are ns¹, ns², ns²np³, and ns²npµ respectively, where 'n' corresponds to the period number.

The outer electron configuration for the columns in the periodic table you've asked about can be predicted based on their position.

These configurations show the distribution of electrons in the outermost shell of atoms in each respective column. Remember that 'n' represents the quantum level corresponding to the period number of the elements in the column.

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Answer:6M

Explanation:

From Co= 10pd/M

Where Co= molar concentration of raw acid

p= percentage by mass of raw acid=20%

d= density of acid=1.096g/cm3

M= molar mass of acid=36.5

Co= 10×20×1.096/36.5=6M

To calculate the molarity of the HCl solution, convert the given mass percentage to grams, then convert grams to moles using the molar mass of HCl, finally divide the moles of HCl by the volume of the solution in liters to obtain the molarity. In this case, the molarity of the HCl solution is approximately 0.576 M.

To calculate the molarity of the HCl solution, we need to convert the given mass percentage to grams. If we assume we have 100 grams of the solution, then 20.2 grams would be HCl. Next, we convert grams to moles using the molar mass of HCl (36.46 g/mol). Finally, we divide the moles of HCl by the volume of the solution in liters to obtain the molarity.

Molarity (M) = (moles of HCl) / (volume of solution in liters)

In this case, the molarity of the HCl solution would be calculated as:

Molarity = (20.2 g / 36.46 g/mol) / (1 L * 1.096 g/mL)

After simplifying the expression, the molarity of the HCl solution is approximately 0.576 M.

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Answer:

the Molar masses of Z and X

Explanation:

The percent by mass of X states how many grams of X are in 100 grams of the mixture. Then, we know how many grams of X, Z (we also know its percent) and of Cl ( = 100 - X % - Z %). Taking 100 g of the mixture as a base, we have:

x grams of X

z grams of Z

y grams of Cl

With the molar masses of Z and X (and of Cl) we can transform all masses into moles and then compute the mole percent of XCl(s) and of ZCl(s) in the mixture

From the given information:

The percentage mass is given as the mass of the element which is divided by mass of compound multiplied by 100.

it is estimated using the formular:

[tex]\mathbf{percentage \ mass = \dfrac{\text{mass of element in 1 mole of compound}} { \text{mass of 1 mole of compound}} \times 100}[/tex]

From there;

The mole percentage is determined, which is the ratio of moles in a substance (element or compound) divided by the total amount of the mixture.

Using the formula:

Mole percentage = mole fraction × 100

Since the mole fraction is not given, it can be estimated as well by using the formula:

[tex]\mathbf{Mole\ fraction = \dfrac{\text{No of moles of a component} }{\text{total number of moles of the compound}}}[/tex]

Eventually; To determine the unknown number of moles, we will need the value of their respective molar masses(i.e. for X and Z) by using the formula:

[tex]\mathbf{Number \ of \ moles = \dfrac{Mass}{Molar \ Mass}}[/tex]

In conclusion, the additional information required in calculating the mole percent of XCl(s) and ZCl(s) in the mixture is the molar mass of X and Z.

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Answer:

Vapor pressure of solution → 186.3  Torr

Explanation:

To solve this problem we must apply the colligative property of vapor pressure.

ΔP =  P° . Xm

Where ΔP = Vapor pressure of pure solvent - Vapor pressure of solution

P° is vapor pressure of pure solvent → 187.5 Torr

Xm is the mole fraction of solute (moles of solute / total moles)

Let's determine the mole fraction,

Moles of solute = Mass of solute / Molar mass

24.5 g / 342 g/mol = 0.0716 moles

Moles of solvent = Moles of solvent /Molar mass

200 g / 18g/mol = 11.1 moles

Total moles = 11.1 moles + 0.0716 moles → 11.1716 moles

Mole fraction of solute = 0.0716 mol / 11.1716 mol = 6.40×10⁻³

Let's apply the formula

ΔP =  P° . Xm

Vapor P of pure solvent - Vapor P of solution = P° . 6.40×10⁻³

Vapor P of pure solvent  - 187.5 Torr . 6.40×10⁻³ = Vapor P of solution

187.5 Torr - 187.5 Torr . 6.40×10⁻³ = Vapor P of solution

Vapor pressure of solution → 186.3  Torr

The vapor pressure has been the pressure exerted by the molecules in the solution in vapor phase. The vapor pressure of water in solution is 186.3 torr

The colligative properties of the solution are dependent on the solute particles in the solution. The colligative properties include boiling point, freezing point, vapor pressure and osmotic pressure.

The change in the vapor pressure of the solution with the addition of solute ([tex]\Delta P[/tex]) is given as :

[tex]\Delta P=P^\circ\;\times\;x_m[/tex]

Where, the vapor pressure of the pure solvent, [tex]P^\circ=187.5\;\rm torr[/tex]

The mole fraction of the solute ([tex]x_m[/tex]) is given as:

[tex]x_m=\rm \dfrac{Moles\;solute}{Total\;moles}[/tex]

The moles of lactose in 24.5 grams of sample is:

[tex]\rm Moles\;solute=\dfrac{mass}{molar\;mass}\\\\ Moles\;lactose=\dfrac{24.5}{342\;g/mol} \\\\Moles\;Lactose=0.0706\;moles[/tex]

The moles of solvent water is given as:

[tex]\rm Moles\;solvent\;(water)=\dfrac{200}{18\;g/mol} \\Moles\;solvent=11.1\;mol[/tex]

The total moles of the solution is given as:

[tex]\rm Total \;moles=solute+solvent\\Total\;moles=0.0706+11.1\;mol\\Total \;moles=11.1706\;mol[/tex]

The moles fraction of solute is given as:

[tex]x_m=\dfrac{0.0706}{11.1706}\\\\ x_m=6.40\;\times\;10^{-3}[/tex]

The vapor pressure change in the solution is calculated as:

[tex]\Delta P=187.5\;\times\;6.40\;\times\;10^-^3\\\Delta P=1.2\;\rm torr[/tex]

The vapor pressure of the solution is given as:

[tex]\Delta P=\rm Solution\;vapor\;pressure-solvent\;vapor\;pressure\\1.2=Solution\;vapor\;pressure-187.5\;torr\\Solution\;vapor\;pressure=186.3\;torr[/tex]

The vapor pressure of the solution is 186.3 torr.

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Final answer:

The rate constant for the reaction is 0.973 L/mol/s.

Explanation:

In the given question, we are provided with the initial concentration of solution A and solution B, as well as the values of x, y, and r. To find the rate constant for this reaction, we can use the rate equation:

rate = k[A]^x[B]^y

Substituting the given values:

0.107/s = k(0.44 M)^0(0.11 M)^1

Simplifying the equation:

0.107/s = k(0.11 M)

Dividing both sides by 0.11 M:

k = 0.107/s / 0.11 M = 0.973 L/mol/s

Answer:

The half life of the element = 8 minutes

Explanation:

Solution:

The initial amount = 10g

final amount = 1.25g

elapsed time = 24 minutes

Half life formula

t1/2 = t/(log1/2(Nt/N0))

or (Nt/N0) = 0.5^(t/(t1/2))

or 1.25/10 = 0.5^((24×60)/(t1/2))

Log of both sides gives

0.125 = 0.5^(1440/(t1/2))

-0.903 = 1440/t1/2×log(0.5)

-0.903 = 1440/t1/2×(-0.301)

3 = 1440/t1/2

t1/2 = 1440/3 = 480

Solving we have

t1/2 or the half life = 480s

= 480/60 minutes or

= 8 minutes

Answer:

b. transfer of electron(s).

Explanation:

An oxidation-reduction also called a redox reaction is a

chemical reaction in which electrons are transferred of between two species of reactants. It is a chemical reaction where the oxidation number of an atom, ion, or molecule, increases or decreases by losing or gaining electrons

Biological oxidation-reduction reactions always involve transfer of electrons.

Oxidation involves loss of electrons in which the matter then becomes

positively charged . On the other hand, reduction involves the gain of

electrons and the matter becomes negatively charged.

Oxidation-reduction(Redox) reactions is an important aspect of reactivity of

elements. Atoms begin to react when movement of electrons occurs which

gives rise to their loss and gain.

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