Which type of fossil is an imprint made by an organism that was preserved in rock? A.cast fossil B.sedimentary fossil C.mold fossil D.petrified

Answer:

The correct option is B) It decreases

Explanation:

As we move up the trophic levels in an energy pyramid, the energy which is passed from one trophic level to other decreases. Only 10% of the energy is known to pass from one trophic level to another. Most of the energy is lost as heat or used by the organism.

For example, suppose a plant has 100 calories in it. It will pass only 10 calories to the animal ( primary consumer) which eats it. The primary consumer will only pass 1% energy to the secondary consumer which eats it. Hence, we see that to the amount of available energy decreases as we move up the trophic levels.

C

Asexual production, such as in budding, creates exact copies as the parent  cell and hence there is little variability between the parent and offspring. While asexual reproduction offers the advantage of fast reproduction it also bears a great disadvantage.

Explanation:

Natural selection acts on variability to help a population adapt to change in an environment. During a change in environment, the organisms with genes better adapted to the new environment become more favorable to pass their genes. Therefore the population evolves over time to have more of these alleles in the population.  A population with low variability becomes less able to adapt to changes in the environment.

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Answer: Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast of green plant cells

Explanation:

Final answer:

Crossing two homozygous dominant pea plants (PP) will result in 100% homozygous dominant offspring (PP) with purple flowers.

Explanation:

When two homozygous dominant (PP) pea plants with purple flowers are crossed, all of the offspring will also have purple flowers. This is because purple flowers are dominant over white flowers. As these pea plants are homozygous dominant, each parent will contribute a dominant P allele to their offspring, resulting in offspring with a PP genotype. Therefore, a Punnett square analysis for this cross is not required as the outcome will be 100% PP offspring with purple flowers.

Answer:

Option B and D are correct as the Carbon dioxide levels in the Earth’s atmosphere have been steadily increasing and other greenhouse gases amplify the effect of carbon dioxide.

Explanation:

As we all are aware that increasing rate of carbon dioxide is responsible for global warming. Scientists note that the average temperature on Earth is increasing over time. They believe that a contributing factor is the greenhouse effect.  

This effect is caused by the formation of greenhouse gases, such as methane, water vapor, and carbon dioxide. Increasing the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is considered to be the cause of global warming and climate change. Water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone are main green house gases.  

Carbon dioxide is steadily increasing in the atmosphere over hundreds of years and it has a longer life span than most of the gases.

Option B and C

Carbon dioxide is the most prominent greenhouse gas of atmosphere. It is very much responsible for increasing the temperature of Earth's surface by capturing the long wave infrared lights emitted by Earth's surface.

Due to industrial revolution, various natural calamities and huge increase in population over the last few centuries, amount of carbon dioxide is increasing in atmosphere significantly. And the half life of carbon dioxide in atmosphere is around 200 years which is much more than other significant greenhouse gases. This leads to the significant contribution of carbon dioxide to greenhouse effect.

Plasma membrane forms a stable barrier.

Result: Plasma membrane act as a barrier to protect the cell content from the surroundings.

Final answer:

The plasma membrane acts as a selective barrier between a cell's cytoplasm and the external environment, strictly controlling what substances can enter or leave the cell, thereby maintaining homeostasis.

Explanation:

The plasma membrane, often referred to as the cell membrane, plays a critical role in cellular function. It forms a selective barrier between the internal cytoplasm and the external environment of the cell. As such, the plasma membrane enables the cell to maintain a stable internal environment, also known as homeostasis, by controlling what enters and exits the cell. This selective barrier features selective permeability, meaning it only allows certain substances to pass through while blocking others, maintaining the delicate balance necessary for the cell's survival.

Composed mainly of a bilayer of phospholipids along with proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates, the plasma membrane's structure is essential for its function. The hydrophilic (water-attracting) heads of phospholipids face outward and inward toward the water-rich environments, while the hydrophobic (water-repelling) tails face each other, forming the membrane's interior. This arrangement creates a semi-permeable membrane, with protein channels and transporters that assist in the selective movement of molecules.

Answer:

Although the graph was missing, I managed to find it on another source. According to the given conditions, correct answer is option C. A dog stop at his home for 5 seconds.

Reason:

In the graph, The dog was west of his home then he came back, he stopped at his home then runs to other direction (East).

When the dog was running from west to home, his running speed or velocity was 1 m/s which was then decreased to 0 m/s after reaching home. Here (at home) the dog stopped for a while (5 seconds according to the graph), and his velocity was 0 m/s. Then, he started running again to other East direction with velocity -2 m/s (opposite direction).

See attached images for further description.

Land, Water and Air are the three sub-groups of animals in  Aristotle's classification system. He also classified on basis of red blood cells and without red blood cells.

Aristotle is very popular in ancient Greece and he is very popular in the field of biology and mathematics. He divided the living organisms into two classes called the Plants and the Animals. He divided the animals into two classes – one which contains red blood cells and the other which didn’t contain any red blood cells.

He also noticed that most of the organisms which contained red blood cells are vertebrates i.e they contained a body vertebral column in their back. So they were called as vertebrates and the others were called as invertebrates.

Answer:

CAG ATC

Explanation:

DNA is the genetic material of most living cells. A DNA molecule consists of two long polynucleotide chains composed of four types of nucleotide subunits (Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine). Each of these chains is known as the DNA strand making the DNA molecule double-stranded. Hydrogen bonds between the bases of the nucleotide hold the two chains together.

An hydrogen bond holds two nucleotides together using the COMPLEMENTARY BASE PAIRING RULE, which states that Adenine base (A) will always hydrogen bond to Thymine base (T) while Guanine base (G) will always hydrogen bond to Cytosine base (C) in a DNA molecule. This is responsible for the double-helical structure of the DNA. Based on this principle, a DNA molecule with sequence: GTC TAG will have a complementary strand with sequence: CAG ATC.

Life cycle of plasmodium in human host consists of 7-10 days survival, causing infection and eradication after getting treatment.

Plasmodium is the malaria parasite that causes malaria in humans. The parasite requires two hosts so the life cycle of the parasite includes vertebrates and insect hosts. The life cycle begins from a blood-feeding insect and then into a human host.

When a blood-feeding insect, say a female Anopheles mosquito, makes contact with a human body, it injects parasites in the form of 'sporozoites' into the body. This makes human the second host.  The sporozoites then travel through the blood stream and enter lever where they first begin to multiply asexually. This continues for 7 to 10 days without any evidence of symptoms. Then they begin to multiply in red blood cells and continue until the cell bursts. 'Merozoites' are released after each cell break that continue the cycle of multiplication and infect the other red blood cells. Humans spike fever when parasites break free and enter bloodstream, showing the symptoms of Malaria.

Answer: In the field of molecular biology the correct sequence of events are as follows:

1. Gregor Mendel proves the Laws of Inheritance in 1865.

2. Friedrich Miescher conducted experiments to identify nuclein as the building blocks of life in 1869.

3. James Watson and Francis Crick presented a model of DNA in 1953.

4. Frederick Sanger developed a method for sequencing DNA in 1977.

In molecular biology, the key events include Mendel's presentation of the laws of inheritance, Miescher's discovery of 'nuclein', now known as DNA, Watson and Crick's proposal of the DNA structure, and Sanger's development of a DNA sequencing method.

The field of molecular biology focuses on the interactions and processes within cells. In regards to the timeline of major events, the correct order is as follows:

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Answer:

In the process of nitrogen fixation, the decomposers convert free nitrogen into ammonia so that it can be used again by the plants in the soil. So the answer is 'A'.

Explanation:

Nitrogen fixation is the process by which nitrogen is converted into other organic forms and then broken down again to carry out the cycle again.

All the organisms use a fixed form of nitrogen to produce amino acids. The cycle helps the plants by providing them with ammonium. Nitrogen Fixation is carried out by bacteria, decomposers etc. When the nitrogen is fixed and utilized, the decomposers help in breaking down proteins in the excreta and bodies of dead organisms, converting it back into ammonia for the plants to use. In short, they carry out the recycling process.

Answer:

Hello!

Sexual Reproduction has slightly different stages in plants and animals. Sexual reproduction in plants has the following steps:

Sexual reproduction in animals has the following steps:

Advantages:

Explanation:

* Pre-fertilization stages include meiosis 1 and 2 that involve the formation of genetically different gametes.

* The stages, zygote formation and the development of the zygote into an embryo and later into an individual, are classed as post-fertilization stages.

The changes that occurred in the surroundings of the species from Hyracotherium to Equus are young shoots of trees and shrubs to tough leaves of grasses and wooded swampy areas to plains.

Explanation:

Hyracotherium is the fossil horse which is extinct. It was small and had teeth that were adapted to browsing on young shoots of trees and shrubs. It was adapted to live in wooded swampy areas where more toes were an advantage.

Equus is the present day horse or the modern horse. It is much larger and has larger teeth that are adapted to grazing on the tough leaves of grasses.  The single hoofed toes of the present day horse allow it to travel fast in the plains.

The changes that can be associated with  surroundings of the species from Hyracotherium to Equus are the presence of young shoots of trees and shrubs.

Hyracotherium serves as genus of lower Eocene perissodactylous mammals having the size of a fox having four-toed forelimbs.

They are among the earliest ancestors of the modern horse, however, changes occurred in the surroundings of the species from Hyracotherium to Equus is the tough leaves of grasses around it.

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Answer:

chlorophyll

Explanation:

Gases in the atmosphere, ie., carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane, trap the heat from water vapor the sun has evaporated. This can cause higher temperatures, and forms the greenhouse effect.  A problem it causes is global warming, since those gasses are trapping the heat in the atmosphere, harming the ozone layer, causing more ultraviolet rays to go through, which is very harmful to humans.

Hope I helped :)

Explanation:

The greenhouse effect is a process that occurs when gases in Earth's atmosphere trap the Sun's heat. This process makes Earth much warmer than it would be without an atmosphere.This cause global warming

Answer: The graph shows that chlorophyll a absorbs light principally around 420-450 nm and 650-680nm wavelengths

Explanation: Chlorophyll a is a pigment found in plants that traps light energy for use in photosynthesis. Chlorophyll a absorbs light mostly in the blue and orange-red wavelengths. This is shown in the graph, where the peaks are around the 400nm and 600nm wavelengths, corresponding to blue and red in visible light.

This absorption means the pigment is 'excited' by this light, sending into a higher state if energy which provides energy for the reactions of photosynthesis.

Answer:

Thermohaline

Explanation:

Ocean currents are very deep and can go many thousand meters under the water. These currents influence the water density. This fenomenon s known as thermohaline circulation.

Thermohaline circulation serves to mix and transport the water in the ocean.These circulation is caused by sinking surface water.

Answer:

Currents that occur in Deep water are:

Explanation:

The circulation called Termohaline refers to the currents that occur in the depths of the oceans due to the difference in salinity or heat between the waters (hence its name, since thermos is the Greek root for hot), this occurs since as the temperature of a flow of water increases, its density decreases, when this occurs, this water tends to rise while the denser water drops, this cycle of events allows for marine currents.

Answer:

The correct answer is A from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

Explanation:

Diffusion is one of the most important membrane transport process which helps in the transport of small molecules and gases across the plasma membrane from higher concentration region to the region of low concentration until the concentration of the transported molecule becomes equal at both sides.

    As the molecule move along the concentration gradient no external energy is needed to carry out simple diffusion.

Answer:

A. from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Explanation:

Through the process of simple diffusion, materials move across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. The direction of movement can be into or out of the cell depending on the concentration of materials on either side of the membrane.

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Answer:

An observation that would allow for identification of the cell as an animal cell rather than a plant cell would be the centrioles migrating.

Explanation:

Centrioles start moving  in the direction of  opposite ends of the cell, whereas the microtubules starts moving from the centrioles and gets attached to the centromeres of chromosomes. the microtubules that have been projecting from the centrioles on opposite poles of the cell are connected to individual centromere and further form into spindle fibers. After the accumulation of chromatin into chromosomes in prophase, resulting in the breaking apart of the  membrane  or nuclear envelope. In case of animal cells, the centrioles present at the nucleus starts to separate and go to the opposite poles of the cell. As the centrioles transfer, a spindle is seen to be formed between them.

Answer:

The top of the mountain

Explanation:

The air is the thinnest at high altitudes, like the top of a mountain

Answer:

The top of the mountain

Explanation:

The top of the mountain is where the air is under the least pressure and, a lesser amount of oxygen is present, along with that, because in the picture, the top of the mountain would have the least amount of air pressure, said air (specifically oxygen) will have more difficulty making it through your lung's selectively permeable membranes, and making it's way around your body in your red blood cells.

Statements that gave description as regards fossils records in the question  are;

Fossil record can be regarded as documented records which is dine through help of by fossils.

These fossils comes from the remains of organisms as well as  imprints of organisms which is been preserved in sedimentary rock as far as earlier geological periods.

For the first 4 billion years of Earth, the records of Fossil evidence is very little, but as time goes on, there are alot of evidence discovered, and the totality is known as Fossil records.

This records helps to get the  record of the occurrence of living organism as well as its evolution, geological time as inferred from fossils.

The totality of fossils is known as the fossil record

Therefore, Fossil records helps in explanation of evolution of living organisms

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The correct options are (A), (D), and (F). The statements that describe the fossil record accurately are There is very little fossil evidence for the first 4 billion years of Earth, Most of the fossil evidence is from the last 600 million years of Earth and The fossil record is not complete.

Let's evaluate each statement about the fossil record:

A) There is very little fossil evidence for the first 4 billion years of Earth.

B) There is very little fossil evidence for the last 600 million years of Earth.

C) Most of the fossil evidence is from the first 4 billion years of Earth.

D) Most of the fossil evidence is from the last 600 million years of Earth.

E) The fossil record is complete.

F) The fossil record is not complete.

The complete question is:

Which statements describe the fossil record? Check all that apply.

A) There is very little fossil evidence for the first 4 billion years of Earth.

B) There is very little fossil evidence for the last 600 million years of Earth.

C) Most of the fossil evidence is from the first 4 billion years of Earth.

D) Most of the fossil evidence is from the last 600 million years of Earth.

E) The fossil record is complete.

F) The fossil record is not complete.

Answer:

Selectively permeable means a membrane allows the passage of some molecules or ions and inhibits the passage of others.

Explanation:

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Answer:

Selective permeable means- to allow some molecules to pass and inhibit other molecules.

Explanation: The capacity to filter molecules to transport in or out of the cell is selective permeability.

Selective permeable membrane facilitates passage of specific molecules on the basis of some specific criteria. This kind of transport is ACTIVE TRANSPORT and requires energy.

Example is lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. It has both semipermeable abd selective permeable quality. The semipermeable layer allows passage of uncharged solutes. Lipid soluble molecules  as fat soluble vitamins and some hormones can pass through the hydrophilic layer. Water can pass through the semipermeable membrane by osmosis and carbon dioxide and oxygen can pass through diffusion from this semipermeable membrane.

But for polar molecule, small ions, it is not easy to pass through this lipid bilayer. They passed  through the transmembrane channels. Other large molecules pass through active transport. In active transport energy is required in the form of ATP.

Answer:

When the positive and negative charges grow large enough, a giant spark - lightning - occurs between the two charges within the cloud. This is like a static electricity sparks you see, but much bigger. Most lightning happens inside a cloud, but sometimes it happens between the cloud and the ground.

Explanation:

Final answer:

Static electricity results in cloud-to-ground lightning by creating a large electric field between the cloud, acting as one plate of a capacitor, and the ground. The discharge process involves a downward step-leader followed by an upward return stroke which we observe as lightning.

Explanation:

Static electricity leads to cloud-to-ground lightning due to the charge separation within the cloud and between the cloud and the ground. During an electrical storm, the cloud and the ground can be likened to a parallel-plate capacitor. The bottom of the cloud accumulates negative charges through frictional electricity caused by collisions of ice particles in the upper atmosphere. These negative charges repel negative charges on the Earth's surface, inducing a net positive charge below the thunderstorm. When the electric field's magnitude between the cloud and ground exceeds the critical value (Ec), the air gets ionized, and lightning can occur.

The lightning discharge process begins with a stream of electrons, known as a step-leader, descending towards the ground in a branching, ionized channel. When this step-leader nears the ground, a positively charged return stroke moves upwards to meet it. This creates a conducting path that allows for a massive transfer of electrons from cloud to ground and results in the bright flash and thunder that characterizes a lightning strike. The process can repeat numerous times along the same path in a single lightning strike, making lightning appear to flicker.

Answer:

Explanation :At first, the activated receptor relates with G proteins molecules in the cell.

before the ultimate physiological effect of the ligand on the cell's behavior is produced Therefore, the cellular signaling starts as soon as the first messenger (the ligand) binds to its receptor.

Cell signaling is the fundamental process in which a piece of certain information is transferred from the cell surface to the cell's nucleus. The first process in the triggering of the target cell is its ability to bind to the specific ligand.

Cells communicate through chemical signals. These signals are generally proteins or other molecules produced by the sending cells. The molecule is then released in the extracellular matrix, where they float until reaching the target cell.

The target cell must possess a receptor to bind with the incoming signal molecule. The binding of receptors and signaling molecules alters the shape and initiates the series of chemical reactions in the cell. The ligands are usually the signaling molecules, which bind to specific receptors.

Therefore, the first interaction that triggers the signaling to begin target cell response is the binding of ligand to the specific receptor.

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Answer:

because people where not alive yet oontill cenoznic era

Explanation:

Answer: Scientists could examine rock that formed recently and compare it to Bright Angel Shale. If the recent rock forms near oceans, the Bright Angel Shale rocks may have too.

Answer:

Punnet square helps in predicting genetic outcome of a cross.   or Finding the phenotype ration for a cross

its based on the question u got on apex .

Explanation:

The diagram is used by biologists to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype. The Punnet square is a tabular summary of possible combinations of maternal alleles with paternal alleles. ... The Punnet square is a visual representation of Mendelian inheritance.

Answer:

a punnett square shows the probability that the parents off spring will have a certain phenotype be cross the parents two genotypes

further Explanation:

so a punnett square take two parents and crosses them to calculate the chance you will get a certain phenotype by drawing a square and splitting it into four quarter you take the dads two genotypes and put them on the top of the square and you put the moms on the side now that you have the parents genotypes labeled you cross them the letters are there alleles so if you have a upper case allele then it is dominant meaning the offspring get the dominant trait (phenotype) now if you have two lower case letters then the offspring get the non-dominant trait (phenotype) so Bb is gets a dominant trait  BB is a dominant trait but bb is a non dominant trait the way you cross them is say you have BBxbb here's what the chart will look like

     B    B

b   Bb  Bb

b   Bb  Bb

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Answer:

D) One bullet was fired several years after the other.

Explanation:

Every gun barrel has rotating groves because gives to the bullet a spin movement in order to improve accuracy during its flight. This spiralling groves leave in the bullet some unique marks, that if you can fire another bullet from the same gun, under a microscope an investigator can match this groves. But time and the use on the gun can change the patron of this marks leading to the deterioration on the gun barrel, possibly take us to a missmatch on two bullets fired by the same gun.

Final answer:

The bullets don't match because they were fired from different guns, which create unique markings on the bullets.

Explanation:

Investigator Smith may have incorrectly concluded that the gun he found was used in the two shootings. One possible reason why the bullets don't match is that they were fired from different guns. Each gun leaves distinct markings on a bullet when it is fired, creating unique striations. If the bullets under the microscope do not show similar markings, it suggests they were not fired from the same gun.

Therefore, the correct answer is that the bullets were fired from different guns. This could be due to different guns having different barrel characteristics, wear and tear, manufacturing defects, or modifications.

It is important for a forensic investigator to analyze various factors, such as bullet markings and gun characteristics, to determine if a bullet was fired from a specific gun.

Answer:

Is it true that all cells have the same genes, but different genes are active in different cells.

No, all cells are made up of a gene which is inherited from the parents cell. The gene is located in the DNA which is found in the nucleus of every living cell

Explanation: