Answer: A) Proteins and nucleic acids
Explanation:
Proteins and nucleic acids
How would homeostasis be affected if there was a problem relaying information from the spinal cord to the brain?
Homeostasis is known as balance, so there wouldn’t be much balance in the body if their was an issue with those two. It could be nerve damage which might result in a loss of touch, or even trouble with day to day functions such as sitting or even walking. A spinal cord injury can cause progressive loss of brain cells in key areas of the brain.
Final answer:
A problem with information relay from the spinal cord to the brain would impair sensory perception and disrupt homeostasis, affecting the body's ability to adjust to changes and respond to stimuli such as pain or temperature, potentially leading to severe health issues.
Explanation:
Homeostasis is the process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment despite external changes. This stability is crucial for the body's functions and involves various systems including the nervous and endocrine systems for rapid and precise communication. The spinal cord plays a pivotal role in transmitting sensory information from the body to the brain and motor commands from the brain to the body, as well as controlling motor reflexes. If there was a problem relaying information from the spinal cord to the brain, it would impair the transmission of sensory information from receptors to the central nervous system. As a result, perception of stimuli in the brain would be halted or distorted. This disruption can affect the steps of sensory perception, potentially causing inaccurate or missed signals about changes that require adjustments for homeostasis, such as oxygen needs or carbon dioxide buildup in cells.
In addition to perception issues, the body's ability to respond to pain or temperature changes through reflex actions could be compromised. Reflex arcs, which often involve only the spinal cord for rapid response, would be affected, leading to delayed or absent reflex actions. These functions are essential for immediate reactions to harmful stimuli, contributing to the body's overall well-being and homeostatic balance. Lastly, serious health issues can arise from damage to the spinal cord, including paralysis, where the brain's ability to communicate with the body is severely impaired, demonstrating the critical role of the spinal cord in maintaining homeostasis.
Match the term to its description. Match Term Definition Astronomical body
A) An object in space (Galaxy)
B) A celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and a stream of gas and dust (Comet)
C) An astronomical body that orbits around a planet (Moon)
D) A system of stars held by gravitational attraction (astronomical body)
Switch A and D, but other than that your answers are correct.
An astronomical body is an object in space.
A comet is a celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and a stream of gas and dust.
A moon is an astronomical body that orbits around a planet.
A galaxy is a system of start held by gravitational attraction.
This question is about matching terms related to astronomical bodies and their definitions.
Explanation:In this question, you are asked to match different terms to their descriptions related to astronomical bodies. Let's go through each option:
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The angular difference between true north and magnetic north is called .
Answer:
Magnetic Variation/ Declination I believe.
The angular difference between true north and magnetic north is called declination.
What is declination?
The declination would be the angle that separates magnetic north from true north.
What is magnetic north?When a compass needle coincides well alongside Earth's magnetic field, it indicates the direction known as "magnetic north."
Therefore, the angular difference between true north and magnetic north is called declination.
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Which characteristic correctly describes the cell membrane according to the fluid mosaic model?
Answer:
in fluid mosaic model substrate and active sites are not complementary to each other.
Answer:
The question lacks options, the options are:
A. fixed
B. elastic
C. rigid
D. constant
The answer is B, elastic
Explanation:
According to the fluid mosaic model proposed in 1972 to describe the structure of the cell membrane, it is composed of phospholipid, protein and cholesterol components. The phospholipid component is made up of long fatty acid tails and a phosphate group head that confers the AMPHIPATHIC nature of the cell membrane on it i.e. contain both hydrophobic (water-fearing) and hydrophilic (water-loving) regions.
This amphipathic nature of the plasma membrane makes it selectively permeable i.e. regulates what goes in and out of the cell. However, the fluid mosaic model describes the cell membrane to be made up of fluids, giving it an elastic characteristics i.e ability to change shape. This accounts for why cells like red blood cells can alter their shape.
The transmission of information from sensory neurons to interneurons typically involves thea) exchange of electrons between specialized proteins embedded in the plasma membrane of the sensory neuron to the plasma membrane of the interneuronb) release of chemical messengers into the space between the axon of the sensory neuron and the plasma membrane of the interneuron c) transfer of a phosphate group from ATP in the sensory neuron to a protein substrate in the interneurond) flow of proteins down an electrochemical gradient through a gated channel between the sensory neuron and the interneuron
Answer:
b) release of chemical messengers into the space between the axon of the sensory neuron and the plasma membrane of the interneuron
Explanation:
The space between the axon of the sensory neuron and the plasma membrane of the interneuron is called synapse. It is the junction through which neurons communicate. There are two types of synapses:
electrical-ions flow directly between cellschemical-neurons communicate using chemical messengersWhat is an example of a genetic disorder caused by a substitution mutation?
Answer:
An example of a genetic disorder caused by a substitution mutation is sickle-cell disease. Hope this helps.
Final answer:
Sickle-cell disease is a genetic disorder caused by a substitution mutation where glutamic acid is replaced by valine in the hemoglobin gene, leading to abnormally shaped red blood cells.
Explanation:
An example of a genetic disorder caused by a substitution mutation is sickle-cell disease. This condition occurs due to a substitution of one nucleotide for another in the hemoglobin gene, which leads to the replacement of the amino acid glutamic acid with valine in the hemoglobin protein. As a result, red blood cells take on a sickle shape, which can lead to various health complications, including pain, infections, and anemia.
Airplanes reach cruising altitudes at the lower part of the Earth's stratosphere. This portion of the atmosphere is made up mostly of and ?
Answer:
The stratosphere is a layer of Earth's atmosphere. ... The troposphere, the lowest layer, is right below the stratosphere. ... Because of this, jet aircraft and weather balloons reach their maximum operational altitudes within the stratosphere. ... from the bottom of the stratosphere up to altitudes of 40 or 50 km (25 to 31 miles).
Explanation:
Answer:
nitrogen and oxygen are found in the Earth's stratosphere, which is the second-lowest layer of the atmosphere. These are the two most common gases throughout the whole atmosphere.
Explanation:
This is one of the two main types of white blood cells that is an essential parts of the immune system and directly attacks antigens. It is produced in bone marrow, matures in the thymus, and travels in the blood to other tissues, such as the spleen, tonsils, and lymph nodes.
Answer:
T cell
Explanation:
They were named T-cells mainly due to the presence of T-cell receptor on the cell surface. They are two main types of T cells. Helper-T cells that mark cells for destruction while the other is T- cytotoxic that induce apoptosis (cell death) in cells. The other type of T cells is the regulatory T cell that regulates autoimmune response.
Answer:
T cell
Explanation:
They were named T-cells mainly due to the presence of T-cell receptor on the cell surface. They are two main types of T cells. Helper-T cells that mark cells for destruction while the other is T- cytotoxic that induce apoptosis (cell death) in cells. The other type of T cells is the regulatory T cell that regulates autoimmune response.
What is the site where sperm are stored until they are ejaculated?
Answer:
tail of the epididymis
Final answer:
Sperm are stored in the epididymis until they are ejaculated. They mature in the epididymis, gaining the ability to swim before being released in the semen during ejaculation.
Explanation:
The site where sperm are stored until they are ejaculated is known as the epididymis. After being produced in the testes through a process called spermatogenesis, immature sperm travel to the epididymis. It's here that they mature over a period of around 12 days, gaining the ability to swim, a crucial characteristic for their journey through the female reproductive tract post-ejaculation. This maturation process involves shedding excess cytoplasm and the development of flagella (tails). Once matured, the sperm cells are stored in the tail of the epididymis until they are released during ejaculation in a fluid called semen.
Proper digestion requires the coordinated effort of many hormones with various effects. how do gastrin, cholecystokinin (cck), and secretin influence digestion? drag and drop the statements into the bins with the corresponding hormone.
Explanation:
Gastrin : it is a hormone of the digestive system produced by the G-cells of the stomach, it stimulates the growth if the stomach lining and also aids in contraction of the stomach hence it helps in the process of Digestion.
Cholecystokinin(cck): it is a hormone of the digestive system that is produced by the mucosal epithelial cells in the first segment of the small intestine. It aids in digestion in the small intestine and stimulates the secretion of digestive enzymes from pancreas and bile.
Secretin: secretin helps regulate the pH of the duodenum and inhibits secretion of enzymes of the stomach and helps digestion in the duodenum.
Gastrin, CCK, and secretin are hormones that influence digestion by stimulating the release of gastric acid, bicarbonate solution, pancreatic enzymes, and bile.
Explanation:Gastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK), and secretin are hormones that play important roles in digestion. Gastrin stimulates the secretion of gastric acid by the parietal cells of the stomach mucosa, helping to break down proteins. Secretin stimulates the pancreas to produce a bicarbonate solution, neutralizing the acidic chyme in the duodenum. CCK stimulates the production of pancreatic enzymes by the pancreas and the release of bile from the gallbladder, aiding in the digestion of fats.
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How do scientists make viruses more visible
Scientist can make viruses more visible by observing them using a electron microscope.
At which phase of mitosis do the sister chromatids become daughter chromosomes?
metaphase
anaphase
cytokinesis
prophase
prometaphase
metaphase i believe
Wash hands for at least _____ in warm, soapy water before starting any food preparation.
Answer:
15-20 seconds
Explanation:
Genetic drift is more pronounced in the island population than in the mainland population in these first few generations. true or false
Answer:
false
Explanation:
island populations are isolated therefore it would be harder for population drift
What term do historians use to describe the personal preferences that people have that affect their interpretation of events?
Answer:
Not completely sure but it might be bias
Explanation:
How many codons of the genetic code are used for coding amino acids?
Answer:
The genetic code consists of 64 triplets of nucleotides. These triplets are called codons.With three exceptions, each codon encodes for one of the 20 amino acids used in the synthesis of proteins. That produces some redundancy in the code: most of the amino acids being encoded by more than one codon.i hope this help you!
The genetic code that contains total of 61 codons are used for coding amino acids, as shown in option A, while the remaining 3 codons don't code for any amino acids as they are stop codons.
What is the genetic code?The genetic code is a set of rules by which information of a person is encoded within genetic material such as DNA or RNA and later is translated into proteins, generally this is different from animals to bacteria. For example in the case of humans, there are a total of 64 codons but only three that can't carry amino acids while rest 61 can carry. Because of the wooble effect, an amino acid is represented for many genetic codons, such as three or four genetic codons, which can represent a single amino acid.
Hence, the correct answer is that there are 61 codons in the genetic code that are used for coding amino acids, as shown in option A.
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The question is incomplete, complete question is below
How many codons of the genetic code are used for coding amino acids?
A)61
B)4
Name the type of element that has luster, conducts electricity and is malleable
Answer: Metal
Explanation :Metals are often shiny (luster) , malleable, ductile, and can conduct electricity.
Hope this helps.
Where in the body is hydrochloric acid found
Hydrochloric acid is found in the stomach
The stomach is where hydrochloride acid is found.
Name several organs that belong to the digestive system of the perch
Answer:
small intestine
large intestine
stomach
kidneys
1.)Which of the following factors is MOST likely to affect the function of an enzyme?
A.)catalysts
B.)size of beaker
C.)proteins
D.)temperature
Answer: catalysts
Explanation:
Catalysyts lower the activation energy, energy required for reaction. This means it can happer faster.
Temperature is the factor most likely to affect enzyme function, as extreme temperatures can denature the enzyme and hinder its ability to catalyze reactions.
Explanation:The factor most likely to affect the function of an enzyme is temperature. Enzymes, which are typically proteins, have an optimal temperature range at which they function most effectively. Deviation from this temperature range can lead to a change in the enzyme's structure, known as denaturation, which negatively affects its catalytic activity. Enzymes are less able to bind substrates and catalyze reactions when either high or low extreme temperatures alter the chemical bonds within the active site, causing the three-dimensional structure of the enzyme to become less suitable for its function.
The most likely factor to affect the function of an enzyme is temperature. Enzymes are proteins that have specific three-dimensional structures, and temperature can disrupt these structures, impacting their ability to bind to substrates and catalyze reactions. High temperatures can cause enzymes to denature, causing a loss of function.
Where does most of the water from ingested food get absorbed back into the bloodstream?
Absorption. Digested food molecules are absorbed in the small intestine . This means that they pass through the wall of the small intestine and into our bloodstream.
The majority of water from ingested food is absorbed back into the bloodstream in the small intestine, where it is integrated with other nutrients to hydrate and nourish our bodies.
Explanation:Most of the water from ingested food is absorbed back into the bloodstream in the small intestine. After the process of digestion, water molecules, along with nutrients, are absorbed through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream. The small intestine is a part of our digestive system that has a large surface area due to villi and microvilli that greatly increase the absorption of water and nutrients to assist in our body's hydration and nutritional needs.
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During the Carboniferous period, which occurred approximately 360 to 300 million years ago, most of Earth was covered in dense rainforests. These rainforests were sustained by a humid and tropical climate that lasted for most of the Carboniferous period. At the end of the period, Earth's climate became much colder and drier, leading to a wide-scale collapse of the rainforests and a significant loss of vegetation.
How might the collapse of the Carboniferous rainforests have affected Earth's carbon cycle?
A.
Over millions of years, the decaying vegetation would have been buried and its carbon turned into fossil fuels.
B.
Over time, the decaying vegetation would have absorbed a large amount of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
C.
The total amount of carbon in the carbon cycle would have increased as the vegetation decayed.
D.
The loss of vegetation would have decreased the total amount of carbon in Earth's carbon cycle.
Answer:
A. Over millions of years, the decaying vegetation would have been buried and its carbon turned into fossil fuels.
Explanation:
This is the most accurate description of how the collapse of the Carboniferous rainforests have affected the Earth's carbon cycle. Fossil fuels are the result of the anaerobic decomposition of vegetation that died and sedimented in large quantities. This occurred millions of years ago, and thanks to high levels of heat and pressure the organic matter was chemically altered, resulting in the creation of fossil fuels.
Mr. Smith has found a lump under his arm. He goes to his doctor, and the doctor confirms that the lump is cancer. How are cancerous cells different from normal cells?
--
A.
carcinogens change cancer cells to normal cells
B.
cancer cells are found in the lymph; normal cells are not
C.
the growth-regulating genes of cancer cells have mutated
D.
cancer cells occur in adults but not in children
Cancerous cells different from normal cells as the growth-regulating genes of cancer cells have mutated that is present in the option c as cancer cells are different from normal cells in various ways, such as having an abnormal number of chromosomes etc.
What is cancer cells?Cancer cells are cells that have undergone genetic mutations that cause them to divide and grow uncontrollably, and these cells can form tumors, invade nearby tissues, and spread to other parts of the body, a process known as metastasis. The uncontrolled growth of cancer cells is due to damage or mutations to genes that regulate cell growth and division. Cancer cells can also differ from normal cells in other ways such as cancer cells may have abnormal chromosomes, which can cause further mutations and contribute to the growth and spread of the cancer. Cancer cells may also be able to avoid the body's immune system, allowing them to grow and spread without being detected or attacked by the immune system.
Hence, Cancerous cells different from normal cells as the growth-regulating genes of cancer cells have mutated that is present in the option c
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Cancer cells differ from normal cells because of mutations in their growth-regulating genes. Thus, the correct answer is C. The growth-regulating genes of cancer cells have mutated.
Cancer cells differ from normal cells primarily due to mutations in their growth-regulating genes.These mutations disrupt the normal mechanisms that control cell growth and division.As a result, cancer cells can proliferate uncontrollably, forming tumors and invading surrounding tissues.These genetic alterations enable cancer cells to evade normal regulatory signals and resist cell death mechanisms.The accumulation of these mutations leads to the characteristic features of cancer, including uncontrolled growth, invasion, and metastasis.Therefore, the correct answer is C. The growth-regulating genes of cancer cells have mutated.
What is the function of the mesentery in a frog
Answer:
Supporting small intestine
Explanation:
Mesentery is a tissue, often called membrane that attaches organs to the body wall. It is usually located near the small intestine and attaches it to the abdominal wall. In frogs, mesentery also has supportive role: it holds together coils of the small intestine. Mesentery is thin with lot of blood vessels, nerves and lymphatic vessels. It supplies the intestines.
Final answer:
The mesentery in a frog functions as an anchor for the intestines and provides a passageway for blood and lymphatic vessels. It plays a crucial role in the stability and organization of the frog's abdomen, as well as being integral to the health and function of the digestive system.
Explanation:
The mesentery is a vital structure in amphibians like frogs. It serves as an attachment site for the small and large intestines and supports these organs within the abdominal cavity. Functionally, it houses lymphatic vessels and provides a conduit for the blood vessels that supply the intestines, thereby ensuring the adequate delivery of nutrients and removal of waste products from the digestive tract. This organ was relatively recently reclassified after discovering its complex constitution, highlighting its significant role in vertebrate anatomy.
In frogs, the mesentery leaves the wall as a double membrane, surrounding and holding the intestines in place, which is crucial for the stability and orderly organization of the frog's internal abdominal structure. Moreover, it can be observed about other abdominal structures, such as the kidneys, the aorta, and the inferior vena cava, showing its central role in connecting various systems within the body.
Frog metabolism and digestion rely significantly on the mesentery's functions as it assures proper blood flow and lymphatic drainage from the digestive organs. Its role in a frog parallels its function in other vertebrates, emphasizing the interconnection between humans and amphibians from an anatomical perspective.
Which of the following statements is false?
Ethologists believe that animal behavior is based on instinct.
Comparative behaviorists believe that animal behavior is based on the environment.
Today, most scientists believe instinct is more important than environment in animal behavior.
Pavlov's dog experiment proved both nature and nurture concepts are important in animal behavior.
Answer:
Today, most scientists believe instinct is more important than environment in animal behavior is false, so that's the answer. Enjoy.
Final answer:
The false statement is that today, most scientists believe instinct is more important than environment in animal behavior.
Explanation:
The false statement is: Today, most scientists believe instinct is more important than environment in animal behavior.
While ethologists believe that animal behavior is based on instinct, and comparative behaviorists believe that it is based on the environment, current scientific understanding acknowledges that both nature and nurture play a role in animal behavior. This means that both innate behaviors (instinct) and learned behaviors are important and can be influenced by genetics and the environment.
In Pavlov's dog experiment, which is related to classical conditioning, Pavlov showed that animals can learn and modify their behavior based on environmental stimuli. This experiment supports the view that both nature and nurture concepts are important in animal behavior.
Darwin noticed that many organisms seemed well suited to
Answer:
survive in their environment
Explanation:
According to Darwin's theory of evolution, natural selection is the main mechanism. Darwin explains that organisms that have heritable traits that help them survive and reproduce, will be favorable by natural selection. Those favorable traits will enable organism to better adapt to their environment and to pass more genes on to the next generation (offspring).
Organisms adapt to their environment by changing their behavior, structural traits or physiology as a response to environmental change, so that they become well suited to it.
Charles Darwin observed that organisms seemed well adapted to their environments due to a process he termed 'natural selection.' This principle states that favorable traits are more likely to be passed down through generations as they enhance survival and reproduction, causing evolutionary changes over time.
Explanation:Charles Darwin observed that many organisms seemed well-suited to their environments. He reasoned this was due to a process he called natural selection, or 'survival of the fittest.' Organisms with traits beneficial for their environment were more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass these favorable traits to their offspring. Examples of this process can be seen in the changing beak size of Darwin's finches, which adapted over time based on the availability of different-sized seeds.
This evolution theory, supported by other scientists like Georges Cuvier and Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck, describes a constant adaptation process: As the environment changes, traits that enhance survival and reproduction become more prevalent in the population, leading to evolutionary changes over generations - a process Darwin dubbed as 'descent with modification'.
Three basic principles upon which natural selection operates: Traits are inherited, more offspring are produced than can survive due to limited resources, and these offspring vary in their inherited characteristics. Organisms that are best able to compete for resources will survive and reproduce, thus passing down beneficial traits and increasing their prevalence in the population.
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What is true of the Cambrian explosion? What is true of the Cambrian explosion? There are fossils of animals in geological strata that are older than the Cambrian explosion. The Cambrian explosion marks the appearance of filter-feeding animals in the fossil record. The Cambrian explosion is evidence for the instantaneous creation of life on Earth. Only the fossils of microorganisms are found in geological strata older than the Cambrian explosion.
The Cambrian explosion, approximately 541 million years ago, marks a rapid increase in the diversity and complexity of animal life. Although there are older fossils, and previous life forms were likely simpler, mainly composed of individual cells. The period doesn't support instantaneous creation but rather a period of rapid adaptability and speciation.
Explanation:The Cambrian explosion refers to a period in Earth's history, approximately 541 million years ago, when there was a rapid increase in the diversity and complexity of animal life. This event, which lasted about 13 to 25 million years, was characterized by the appearance of many of the major groups of animals that exist today. There are indeed fossils of animals that are older than the Cambrian explosion, but the explosion itself marked a significant increase in the variety and complexity of life forms.
It is true that filter-feeding animals appeared in the fossil record during this time. However, the Cambrian explosion does not support the idea of instantaneous creation of life. Rather, it supports the theory of evolution, suggesting a period of rapid adaptability and speciation.
Prior to the Cambrian explosion, most organisms were simple, composed mainly of individual cells occasionally organized into colonies, thus, finding only fossils of microorganisms in geological strata older than the Cambrian explosion is typically correct.
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Domains are believed to contain magnetically charged atoms which are all in the same direction.
Answer:
is this a true or false question???
Explanation:
Answer:
aligned
Explanation:
Land-based plants must have mechanisms to disperse and scatter their seeds so that new plants don't grow in the shadow of old plants. Which of the following do gymnosperms, such as pine trees, rely on to disperse fertilized seed cones? A. Wind B. Animals that eat the seeds C. Animals, seed wings, and wind D. Seed wing structures
The correct answer is C. Animals, seed wings, and wind.
Gymnosperms, such as pine trees, have evolved a variety of methods to disperse their seeds to ensure that new plants grow at a distance from the parent plant. This is important to avoid competition for resources like light, water, and nutrients. Pine trees produce seed cones that contain seeds. These seeds can be dispersed in several ways:
1. Wind: Many gymnosperms, including pine trees, produce lightweight seeds or seed cones with papery or wing-like structures that allow them to be carried by the wind over long distances. This method of seed dispersal is known as anemochory.
2. Animals: Some animals, such as birds and squirrels, play a role in seed dispersal. Birds may eat the seeds and later excrete them in different locations, while squirrels may collect seeds and store them in caches, forgetting some of them, which can then grow into new plants. This method is known as zoochory.
3. Seed Wings: Some gymnosperm seeds have developed wings or other structures that aid in wind dispersal. These structures can catch the wind and allow the seeds to glide or spin to the ground, increasing the distance they travel from the parent plant.
Therefore, gymnosperms like pine trees rely on a combination of animals, seed wings, and wind for the dispersal of their fertilized seed cones. This multifaceted approach increases the chances of successful seed dispersal and the establishment of new plants.
Which of the pathways for nucleotide biosynthesis builds the base ring on a PRPP molecule?
A) purine B) pyrimidine C) both purine and pyrimidine
Answer:
A) purine
Explanation:
There are two ways for the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines:
de novo synthesis-from basic simple units"recycling" synthesis-reuse of metabolitesPurines are synthesized directly on ribose sugar, in segments.
Pyrimidines are attached to the ribose after the synthesis of the base.
5-Phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP). is used for the synthesis of purine (ribose 5-phosphate reacts with ATP to form ribonucleotide).