Explanation:
The given data is as follows.
[tex]K_{k}[/tex] = 89 MPa, [tex]\sigma[/tex] = 336 MPa
Y = 0.92
Now, we will calculate the length of critical interior flaw as follows.
[tex]a_{c} = \frac{1}{\pi}(\frac{K_{k}}{\sigma Y})^{2}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{1}{\pi}(\frac{89}{336 \times 0.92})^{2}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{656.38}{3.14}[/tex]
= 209.04 mm
Thus, we can conclude that minimum length of a surface crack that will lead to fracture is 209.04 mm.
Be sure to answer all parts. Complete the correct name for the following compounds. (a) Na3[Fe(CN)6] hexacyanoferrate (b) [Cr(en)2Cl2]I (ethylenediamine)chromium() (c) [Co(en)3]I3 (ethylenediamine)cobalt()
Answer:
1. Na3[Fe(CN)6]
Oxidation number of iron is +3
Sodium hexacyanoferrate (III)
2. [Cr (en)2Cl2]+
Oxidation number of chromium is +3
Dichlorobis (ethylenediamine)chromium (III) ion
3. [Co (en)3]Cl3
Oxidation number of cobalt is +3
Tris (ethylenediamine)cobalt (III) chloride
When performing qualitative tests in glass test tubes, such as the iodoform test or dinitrophenylhydrazine test, why should you avoid rinsing the glassware with acetone prior this experiment?
Answer:
It will lead to false positive (or negative results) for this classification tests.
Explanation:
In this tests, the functional group that is really being tested for is the Carbonyl group. In the iodoform, the presence of a Carbonyl group gives a reaction and in the dinitrophenylhydrazine test, aldehydes give a reaction and ketones do not.
So, rinsing the glassware with acetone is introducing ketone before the qualitative test has even began, thereby leading to false results for each of the two tests mentioned in the question.
Final answer:
Rinsing glassware with acetone before conducting qualitative tests such as the iodoform test or dinitrophenylhydrazine test should be avoided to prevent false positive results due to acetone's interference or reaction with the test compounds.
Explanation:
When performing qualitative tests in glass test tubes, such as the iodoform test or dinitrophenylhydrazine test, rinsing the glassware with acetone prior to the experiment should be avoided because it can lead to false positive results. These qualitative tests rely on specific chemical reactions to occur, and if residual acetone remained in the tube, it might react or interfere with the test reagents or the compound being tested, giving an inaccurate result. For instance, acetone itself can produce a yellow precipitate with dinitrophenylhydrazine, mimicking a positive result for the presence of certain carbonyl groups. Therefore, cleaning the glassware properly without using acetone, or ensuring that any acetone used is completely evaporated and the glassware is dried in a water-free environment, is crucial to the accuracy of these tests.
To quickly dry glassware without using acetone, rinsing with distilled water and allowing the glassware to dry overnight or using warm air or nitrogen gas for drying is recommended. Additionally, glassware cleanliness is paramount in chemical testing and experiments to avoid contamination that could affect the results.