Acetylcholine binds to its receptor in the sarcolemma and triggers __________.
a. the opening of voltage-gated calcium channels
b. the opening of ligand-gated cation channels
c. the opening of calcium-release channels
d. the opening of ligand-gated anion channels

Only (d) appears to be correct.

NaCl and CaCl₂ are ionic compounds. Both are made up of charged particles known as ions.

Opposite charges attract each other. So is the case between cations and anions. The two kinds of ions attract each other to produce an ionic lattice. Forces holding them together are known as ionic bonds.

Cations and anions pair up in an ionic compound. Their charges cancel out such that the final compound is neutral. Charged species shall always have a superscript in their formulae that indicates their charge. For example, [tex]\text{Ca}^{2+}[/tex] has positive charges. As a result, it comes with a superscript of "2+". Neither NaCl nor CaCl₂ has a superscript. They are both neutral.

The molar lattice enthalpy of an ionic compound measures the energy released when one mole of it was formed from gaseous ions. This value depends on the size and charge of each ion.

Each mole of CaCl₂ carry four times as much charge as NaCl and three time as much ions. CaCl₂ is expected to have a much higher molar lattice enthalpy.

FYI, the molar lattice enthalpy of NaCl is about -787 kJ/mol (Chemguide). The value for CaCl₂ is -2255 kJ/mol (ACS).

The salts NaCl and CaCl2 are held by ionic bonds. They do not conduct electricity in their solid state, but do so once dissolved or melted. They contain positive and negative ions and do not have the same crystal lattice of energy.

The salts NaCl and CaCl2 are indeed held together by ionic bonds, which are electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions. These compounds, like many ionic solids, do not conduct electricity in their solid state as the strength of ionic bonds prevents ions from moving freely. However, once they dissolve in water or melt, they become excellent conductors of electricity because the ions can move freely, becoming electrolytes capable of conducting electricity. This is why the statement 'NaCl and CaCl2 are good conductors of electricity' applies only when these compounds are dissolved or melted.

The ions in ionic compounds like NaCl and CaCl2 do carry positive (for metal ions) and negative charges (for non-metal ions). They do not, however, all carry positive charges as suggested in the second part of your question. Lastly, while it is true that all ionic compounds form a crystalline structure due to the orderly arrangement of their ions, this does not imply that all ionic compounds have the same crystal lattice of energy. The exact structure and energy can variate between different ionic compounds.

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Answer :

(a) The number of grams of iron metal obtained, 698.616 g

(b) The number of grams of carbon dioxide used in the reaction, 826.32 g

Solution : Given,

Mass of hematite = 1 Kg = 1000 g

Molar mass of hematite = 159.69 g/mole

Molar mass of iron = 55.8 g/mole

Molar mass of carbon dioxide = 44 g/mole

(a) First we have to calculate the moles of hematite.

[tex]\text{Moles of hematite}=\frac{\text{Mass of hematite}}{\text{Molar mass of hematite}}=\frac{1000g}{159.69g/mole}=6.26moles[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the moles of iron.

The given balanced reaction is,

[tex]Fe_2O_3(s)+3CO(g)\rightarrow 2Fe(s)+3CO_2(g)[/tex]

From the balanced reaction, we conclude that

As, 1 mole of hematite react to give 2 moles of iron

So, 6.26 moles of hematite react to give [tex]2\times 6.26=12.52[/tex] moles of iron

Now we have to calculate the mass of iron.

[tex]\text{Mass of iron}=\text{Moles of iron}\times \text{Molar mass of iron}[/tex]

[tex]\text{Mass of iron}=(12.52moles)\times (55.8g/mole)=698.616g[/tex]

(b) Now we have to calculate the moles of carbon dioxide.

From the balanced reaction we conclude that

As, 1 mole of hematite react to give 3 moles of carbon dioxide

So, 6.26 moles of hematite react to give [tex]3\times 6.26=18.78[/tex] moles of carbon dioxide

Now we have to calculate the mass of carbon dioxide.

[tex]\text{Mass of }CO_2=\text{Moles of }CO_2\times \text{Molar mass of }CO_2[/tex]

[tex]\text{Mass of }CO_2=(18.78moles)\times (44g/mole)=826.32g[/tex]

Therefore, (a) The number of grams of iron metal obtained, 698.616 g

(b) The number of grams of carbon dioxide used in the reaction, 826.32 g

Answer : The mass of of water present in the jar is, 298.79 g

Solution : Given,

Mass of barium nitrate = 27 g

The solubility of barium nitrate at [tex]20^oC[/tex] is 9.02 gram per 100 ml of water.

As, 9.02 gram of barium nitrate present in 100 ml of water

So, 27 gram of barium nitrate present in [tex]\frac{27g}{9.02g}\times 100ml=299.33ml[/tex] of water

The volume of water is 299.33 ml.

As we know that the density of water at [tex]20^oC[/tex] is 0.9982 g/ml

Now we have to calculate the mass of water.

[tex]\text{Mass of water}=\text{Density of water}\times \text{Volume of water}[/tex]

[tex]\text{Mass of water}=(0.9982g/ml)\times (299.33ml)=298.79g[/tex]

Therefore, the mass of of water present in the jar is, 298.79 g

Explanation:

It is known that kinetic energy is half of mass times velocity square.

Mathematically,   K.E = [tex]\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}[/tex]

where        m = mass

                  v = velocity

The kinetic energy from which we have to compare shows that mass is 50 kg and v = 10 m/s.

Therefore,      K.E = [tex]\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}[/tex]

                             = [tex]\frac{1}{2}50 \times 10^{2}[/tex]

                             = 2500 [tex]m/s^{2}[/tex]

1).  K. E = [tex]\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}[/tex]

            = [tex]\frac{1}{2}50 \times 20^{2}[/tex]

            = 10000 [tex]m/s^{2}[/tex]

The object has 4 times more kinetic energy compared to a 50 kg ball traveling at 10 m/s.

2). K. E = [tex]\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}[/tex]

            = [tex]\frac{1}{2}50 \times 5^{2}[/tex]

            = 1250 [tex]m/s^{2}[/tex]

The object has 2 times less kinetic energy compared to a 50 kg ball traveling at 10 m/s.

3). K. E = [tex]\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}[/tex]

            = [tex]\frac{1}{2}50 \times 10^{2}[/tex]

            = 2500 [tex]m/s^{2}[/tex]

The object has the same kinetic energy compared to a 50 kg ball traveling at 10 m/s.

Answer:

A) Elements

Explanation:

A mixture is a composite of two or more components that are combined physical and not through any chemical means. While a suspension is a mixture of a liquid and solid particles. Therefore, in both cases the components can be separated by some physical means.

A compound is a composite of two or more atoms which can be decomposed into simpler systems through chemical processes.

However, element is a single atom which can be neither be simplified any further by physical or chemical means.

Consider the equation for calculating molarity: (no. of mole of solute)÷(volume of solution)

First, let's find the no. of mole of solute in AgNO3. As (no. of mole) = mass / molar mass

no. of mole of 85.0g of AgNO3 = 85.0/(107.9+14.0+16.0x3)

=0.5mol

Since the volume of the solution has to be in dm3, just divide the volume in cm3 by 1000 to get the volume in dm3.

Volume of solution = 500/1000

= 0.5 dm3

Therefore, the molarity is

0.5/0.5

=1.0M

The answer should be B.

The Cascades rain shadow can be described as such: ocean-influenced moist air masses are forced to rise when they meet the tall moun- tains. The rising air cools, condenses, and the moisture falls as precipitation. On the leeward (dry) side of the mountain, the now dry air warms and sinks.

Answer: The high amount of humidity explains the impressive amount of rain that falls on the Pacific.

Explanation:

In the Pacific Northwest there is a wind current that travels from west to east. It enters the continent and hits a mountain range in a process called "orographic ascent". The jet ascends, the humidity condenses, and the winds coming from the east meet in the opposite direction with this current and push the clouds. That is why the rains are so strong on the Pacific coast. The high amount of humidity explains the impressive amount of rain that falls on the Pacific. When this moist wind blows inland, the moist air may rise into the atmosphere enhancing the clouds and strady rainfall.

Water evaporates from the ocean and is carried over the Northwest , where it cools and condense into the rain.

There is also a low-pressure systems at the surface which is the driving force that produce rain and winds and this allows large storms to crash into the coast with ease. Some of these storms can be enormous and can cause significant wind damage and flooding.

Answer:

1.  Reacts with oxygen

2. Loss electrons

3. Reduce the element that oxidizes it.

Explanation:

Oxidation is a phenomenon in which an element or compound reacts with oxygen, producing an oxide (in case of metals).

Although strictly speaking, oxidation refers to the chemical process that involves the loss of electrons by a molecule, atom or ion.

If this element participate in a redox reaction when oxidized it is reducing the element that oxidizes it.

A chemical reaction absorbs energy which means it is endothermic reaction.

The reaction is endothermic if the energy of products is more than the energy of reactants.

The energy of products is more means that the bond energy of products is more than the bond energy of reactants.

so breaking of bond needs energy which is greater than the energy released in making of new bonds.

Enthalpy of reaction = Bond energy of reactants - Bond energy of products.

Answer:

its all of them

Explanation:

i got it off of edmentum

Final answer:

The pressure exerted by the object is 0.556 torr.

Explanation:

To calculate the pressure exerted by an object, we use the formula:

Pressure = Force / Area

In this case, the force exerted by the object is 500 N and the area it covers is 4.5 m x 1.5 m = 6.75 m². So the pressure exerted by the object can be calculated as:

Pressure = 500 N / 6.75 m² = 74.07 Pa

Since the question specifically asks for the pressure to be calculated in torr, we need to convert Pa to torr. 1 Pa = 0.00750062 torr, so:

Pressure in torr = 74.07 Pa * 0.00750062 torr/Pa = 0.556 torr

Final answer:

The correct statement about resonance is that the cyanide ion has only one dominant resonance structure. Resonance structures represent the average distribution of electrons without changing the connectivity of atoms, and the true structure of a molecule is a hybrid of all resonance forms. So the correct option is d.

Explanation:

The correct statement about resonance is (d) the cyanide ion has only one dominant resonance structure. Resonance refers to the concept where the actual distribution of electrons in a molecule or polyatomic ion cannot be represented by a single Lewis structure; instead, it is best represented by two or more resonance structures which are averages of each other. It is important to note that when drawing resonance structures, the connectivity of atoms should not change, meaning altering the way atoms are connected is not permissible. Nitrate ion (NO3-), as another example, has resonance forms with equivalent bond lengths due to resonance, contradicting the statement that it has one long N—O bond and two short N—O bonds. It is a misconception to think that a molecule resonates rapidly between different bonding patterns; rather, the true structure is a hybrid that does not change from one form to another but is the average of the resonance forms.

Answer:

C) Synthetic rubber has different monomers than natural rubber

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, since statements A and B are correct due to the abundance of natural rubber and that both of them have the same properties making then suitable for several applications specially in the production of tires, belts, hoses, footwear and others, chemically, the best statement is C since the main monomers associated with synthetic rubber are derived from the petroleum byproducts such as styrene-butadiene whose condensation lead to the polymer forming the rubber. However, natural rubber is based on the isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene) as the promoting monomer whose polymerization lead to its formation.

Best regards.

Salinity. Although everyone knows that seawater is salty, few know that even small variations in ocean surface salinity (i.e., concentration of dissolved salts) can have dramatic effects on the water cycle and ocean circulation. ... The weathering of rocks delivers minerals, including salt, into the ocean.

Answer:

salinity

Explanation:

Bicarbonate buffer system in blood consists of carbonic acid and bicarbonate ion. H2CO3/HCO3-

When a base enters the body the acid part of the buffer reacts with the base.

Thats the carbonic acid (H2CO3) reacts with the base.    

Answer:

The correct answer is carbonic acid.

Explanation:

The acid-base homeostatic mechanism known as the bicarbonate buffer system involves the balance of bicarbonate ion, carbonic acid, and carbon dioxide in order to sustain pH in the duodenum and in the blood, along with other tissues for maintaining adequate metabolic activities. As with the buffer system, the pH is monitored by the existence of both the weak acid, that is, the carbonic acid, and its conjugate base, like bicarbonate ion, so that any extra base or acid presented to the system getting neutralized. In the bicarbonate buffer system, the carbonic acid reacts with a base to balance the system.

This is the only option that correctly describe characterisitics of noble gases.  

All noble gases have a unique atomic fingerprint.

All noble gases have valence shells with 8 electrons but Heilum has only 2 valence electrons.

And all noble gases do not easily react with other elements as they have their outermost shell completly filled so they are highly stable.

All noble gases emits different colored light when electrified.

Noble gases have valence shells with 8 electrons and a unique atomic fingerprint. They do not easily react with other elements and emit different colors of light when electrified.

Noble gases are a group of chemical elements that have certain characteristic properties. Two options that correctly describe the characteristics of noble gases are:

One misconception in the given options is that all noble gases easily react with other elements. In fact, noble gases are known for their low reactivity due to their stable electron configurations and full valence shells.

The option stating that all noble gases emit pink light when electrified is also incorrect. While noble gases do emit light when an electric current is passed through them, the color of the emitted light varies for each gas. For example, argon emits a violet glow, neon emits red-orange, and helium emits a yellowish-orange glow.

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Answer :

Part 1 : Balanced reaction, [tex]3H_2(g)+N_2(g)\rightarrow 2NH_3(g)[/tex]

Part 2 : The theoretical yield of [tex]NH_3[/tex] gas = 440.96 g

Part 3 : The % yield of ammonia is 90.03 %

Solution : Given,

Mass of [tex]N_2[/tex] = 475 g

Molar mass of [tex]N_2[/tex] = 28 g/mole

Molar mass of [tex]NH_3[/tex] = 17 g/mole

Experimental yield of [tex]NH_3[/tex] = 397 g

Answer for Part (1) :

The balanced chemical reaction is,

[tex]3H_2(g)+N_2(g)\rightarrow 2NH_3(g)[/tex]

Answer for Part (2) :

First we have to calculate the moles of [tex]N_2[/tex].

[tex]\text{Moles of }N_2=\frac{\text{ Mass of }N_2}{\text{ Molecular mass of }N_2}=\frac{475g}{28g/mole}=16.96moles[/tex]

From the given reaction, we conclude that

1 moles of [tex]N_2[/tex] gas react to give 2 moles of [tex]NH_3[/tex] gas

16.96 moles of [tex]N_2[/tex] gas react to give [tex]\frac{2}{1}\times 16.96=33.92[/tex] moles of [tex]NH_3[/tex] gas

Now we have to calculate the mass of [tex]NH_3[/tex] gas.

[tex]\text{ Mass of }NH_3=\text{ Moles of }NH_3\times \text{ Molar mass of }NH_3[/tex]

[tex]\text{ Mass of }NH_3=(33.92moles)\times (17g/mole)=440.96g[/tex]

Therefore, the theoretical yield of [tex]NH_3[/tex] gas = 440.96 g

Answer for Part (3) :

Formula used for percent yield :

[tex]\% \text{ yield of }NH_3=\frac{\text{ Experimental yield of }NH_3}{\text{ Theoretical yield of }NH_3}\times 100[/tex]

[tex]\% \text{ yield of }NH_3=\frac{397g}{440.96g}\times 100=90.03\%[/tex]

Therefore, the % yield of ammonia is 90.03 %

.125mol Fe3O4.

To find this, you need to create a molar ratio.

Reference the image to see what this looks like.

Once you have the ratio set, cross the same and multiply across before dividing what's on the bottom.

Hope this helps!

Answer:

D) is the correct answer on usatestprep

Explanation:

1) amount of energy required to change 1 gram of material from the solid to the liquid state at its melting point - latent heat of fusion.

The temperature at which the phase transition occurs is the melting point or the freezing point.

2)  a measure of the kinetic energy of the particles of a substance - temperature.

Temperature is the intensity of heat present in a substance and a thermometer is a device that measures temperature or a temperature gradient.

3) the amount of energy required to change 1 gram of a substance 1°C - specific heat.

Heat capacity of a sample is expressed in units of thermal energy per degree temperature (J/K).

Heat capacity is often defined relative to a unit of mass (J/kg·K or J/g·K), prefixed with the term specific.

For example, specific heat capacity of water is 4.184 J/g·K (Cp(H₂O) = 4.184 J/g·K).

4) amount of energy required to change 1 gram of material from the liquid to the gaseous state at its boiling point - latent heat of vaporization.

For example, evaporization is phase change process in which the water changes from a liquid to a gas (water vapor). Solar radiation is the source of energy for evaporation.

5) the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of liquid water from 14.5°C to 15.5°C - calorie.

Calorie (cal), or small calorie, is the amount of energy needed to heat one gram of water by one degree Celsius.

One small calorie is approximately 4.2 joules.

A calorie is a unit of energy.

The enthalpy change for melting ice is called the entlaphy of fusion. Its value is 6.02 kj/mol. This means for every mole of ice we melt we must apply 6.02 kj of heat. We can calculate the heat needed with the following equation:

Q = N x ΔH

where:

Q  = heat

N  = moles  

ΔH  = enthalpy

In this problem we would like to calculate the heat needed to melt 35 grams of ice at 0 °C. This problem can be broken into three steps:

1. Calculate moles of water

2. multiply by the enthalpy of fusion

3. Convert kJ to J.

Step 1 : Calculate moles of water

[tex][ 75g ] x (\frac{1 mol}{18.02g} ) =[/tex]

Step 2 : Multiply by enthalpy of fusion

Q = N × ΔH  =  [ Step 1 Answer ] ×  6.02 =

Step 3 : Convert kJ to J

[tex][ Step 2 Answer ] x (\frac{1000j}{1kJ} ) =[/tex]

Finally rounding to 2 sig figs (since 34°C has two sig figs) we get

Q Would Equal ____

The correct option is d. 25, 050J of heat energy is required to melt 75g of ice at 0°C.

The mass of the ice given is 75g. To find the amount of heat energy required to melt this ice, we multiply the mass of the ice by the specific latent heat of fusion of water:

[tex]\[ Q = m \cdot L \][/tex]

Using the values provided:

[tex]\[ Q = 75 \text{g} \cdot 334 \text{J/g} \] \[ Q = 25,050 \text{J} \][/tex]

However, this value represents the heat energy required to melt 75g of ice into water at the same temperature (0°C). Since the ice is already at 0°C, we do not need to consider the energy required to raise its temperature from a lower value to 0°C.

Now, let's look at the options provided in the question:

 a. 4.45J: This is the energy required to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1°C, which is not relevant to the melting process.

 b. 30.13J: This is a small amount of energy and seems incorrect for melting 75g of ice.

 c. 169,500J: This value is likely a misinterpretation of the correct calculation, as it could be the result of multiplying the mass of the ice by the specific latent heat of vaporization (which is about 2257 J/g for water), not fusion.

 d. 25,050J: This is the correct amount of heat energy required to melt 75g of ice at 0°C, as calculated above.

6:12:6: - this simplifies to 1:2:1   (answer)

You get the simplest form by dividing each of the 3 numbers by 6.

yes that would be the right answer 6:12:6 that's what i found out

Answer:

CH₄ + 2O₂ ⟶ CO₂ + 2H₂O + 212 800 cal

Step-by-step explanation:

CH₄ + 2O₂ ⟶ CO₂ + 2H₂O + 212 800 cal  

The heat is on the right-hand side of the equation, so the reaction is releasing heat.

The reaction is exothermic.

A is wrong. Your sign of ΔH is wrong, because graphite is the more stable form of carbon. We must add energy to graphite to convert it to diamond, so the process is endothermic.

B and D are wrong, because a ΔH > 0 indicates an endothermic reaction.

Answer:

C (graphite) → C (diamond), ΔH = - 0.45 kcal

CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O + 212,800 cal

Explanation:

exothermic reactions are characterized by releasing heat to the surroundings; the enthalpy change is negative, and the system temperature increases.

NH3 (g) + 12.0 kcal → ½N2 (g) + 3/2 H2 (g): it is not exothermic.

C (graphite) → C (diamond), ΔH = - 0.45 kcal: the reaction is exothermic because ΔH is negative

C + 2S → CS2, ΔH = 27,550 cal: it is not exothermic because the enthalpy change is positive

CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O + 212,800 cal: it is exothermic because it releases heat.

2H2O → 2H2 + O2, ΔH = +58 kcal: it is not exothermic because ΔH is positive.

 The net ionic equation  is

Ag⁺(aq)  +Cl⁻(aq) →  AgCl(s)

Explanation

AgNO₃ (aq)  + KCl (aq)→ AgCl(s) +KNO₃(aq)

from above  molecular equation break  all  soluble electrolyte  into ions

Ag⁺(aq) +NO₃⁻ (aq) + K⁺(aq) +Cl⁻(aq) →   AgCl (s) + K⁺(aq) + No₃⁻(aq)

cancel the spectator  ions  in both side  of  equation =K⁺  and NO₃⁻  ions

The net  ionic equation is therefore

= Ag⁺(aq)  + Cl⁻(aq) →    AgCl(s)

The net ionic equation for the reaction AgNO₃(aq) + KCl(aq) ---> AgCl(s) + KNO₃(aq) is Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) ---> AgCl(s), which is found by first writing the complete ionic equation and then canceling the spectator ions, which appear on both sides of the reaction.

The process of writing a balanced net ionic equation involves several steps. Firstly, the complete ionic equation needs to be written which looks like this: Ag⁺(aq) + NO₃⁻(aq) + K⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq) ---> AgCl(s) + K+(aq) + NO₃⁻(aq). After that, we find the spectator ions that appear on both sides of the reaction. In this case, they are K+(aq) and NO₃⁻(aq). We then cancel out these spectator ions to get the net ionic equation, which is: Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) ---> AgCl(s). Essentially, these equations show the salts splitting into their ions if they are soluble in water (indicated by (aq)), and then recombining to form the precipitate (s).

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Neutron capture reactions.

Isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons in each nucleus. However, their nucleus differ in the number of neutrons. Adding one or more neutrons to a nucleus will converts it to a different isotope of the same element.

Neutrons can be produced with a particle accelerator. The researcher might aim fast moving alpha particles [tex]\phantom{}_2^{4}\text{He}[/tex] from the accelerator at a beryllium Be target.

[tex]\phantom{}_4^{9} \text{Be} + \phantom{}_2^4\text{He} \to \phantom{}_{\phantom{1}6}^{12}\text{C} + \phantom{}_{0}^{1} \text{n}[/tex]

Doing so will convert beryllium-9 to carbon-12 and release one neutron.

The neutron produced in this process moves very fast ("fast neutrons"). It might knock protons or alpha particles off the target nucleus. This is undesirable since the nucleus will have a change in its proton number. It will end up belonging to a different element.

The researcher should reduce the speed of those neutrons. Passing neutrons through moderators greatly reduces their speed. Moderators are materials that are rich in light nuclei. They remove the energy of neutrons as the two collide. Examples of moderators are heavy water (D₂O) and graphite (carbon). Slow neutrons are easier to capture than fast-moving ones. Combining those slow-moving neutrons to the source isotope will likely produce a different isotope of the same element.

Vitz, Ed. et. al, "19.5: Neutron Bombardment", ChemPRIME (Moore et al.), Libretexts Chemistry, 2017

Answer:

D. BY ADDING OR REMOVING NEUTRONS.

Hope this helps!

Explanation:

Answer: The compound which is not an empirical formula is [tex]C_2N_2H_8[/tex]

Explanation:

Empirical formula is defined as the formula in which atoms in a compound are present in simplest whole number ratios.

For the given options:

Option A: [tex]C_3H_8O[/tex]

This compound is made by the combination of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The mole ratio of the elements are [tex]C:H:O::3:8:1[/tex]

Option B: [tex]C_2N_2H_8[/tex]

This compound is made by the combination of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen. The mole ratio of the elements are [tex]C:N:H::2:2:8[/tex]

This ratio can be reduced to lowest numbers. The empirical formula of this becomes [tex]C_{2/2}N_{2/2}H_{8/2}=CNH_4[/tex]

Option C: [tex]Sb_2S_3[/tex]

This compound is made by the combination of tin and sulfur atoms. The mole ratio of the elements are [tex]SB:S::2:3[/tex]

Option D: [tex]BeCr_2O_7[/tex]

This compound is made by the combination of beryllium, chromium and oxygen. The mole ratio of the elements are [tex]Be:Cr:O::1:2:7[/tex]

Hence, the compound which is not an empirical formula is [tex]C_2N_2H_8[/tex]

Answer: Photoelectric is characterized by or involving the emission of electrons from a surface by the action of light.

Photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons when a radiation of frequency higher than the threshold frequency falls on the surface of an element. The substance which undergoes photoelectric effect is called as photoelectric.

Ground state is the state representing the lowest energy  state.

Excited state is the state which represents a high energy state.

An electron in ground state absorbs energy to move to the excited state.

14/6 C --> 0/-1 e + 14/7 N

Either an electron or the symbol  can be used to represent the beta particle.

When carbon-14 decays into nitrogen-14, a process known as beta decay takes place. One of the neutrons in the carbon atom turns into a proton during this process, which results in the decay of a 14C atom into a 14N atom.

By adding one more proton to the atom, this results in the formation of a nitrogen atom rather than a carbon atom.

Beta decay of carbon-14 results in the release of one electron. The final product is a nucleus with seven protons and seven neutrons. As bizarre as it may sound, this indicates that one of the neutrons

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Final answer:

The symbol representing a beta particle emitted during radioactive decay of carbon-14 is the Greek letter ß, also represented as e- or ß-. This particle is a high-speed electron ejected from the nucleus, resulting in the formation of a nitrogen-14 nucleus.

Explanation:

When radioactive carbon (C-14) decays, it produces nitrogen-14 (N-14) and emits a beta particle. The symbol that represents a beta particle is the Greek letter ß. However, a beta particle can also be represented as an electron with a -1 charge, which is symbolized by e- or ß- in nuclear equations.

The beta particle is essentially a high-speed electron that's ejected from the nucleus during radioactive decay, and this process turns a neutron into a proton within the nucleus, increasing the atomic number by one while the mass number remains unchanged. The beta particle's emission is critical in the decay process of carbon-14, which is widely used in radioactive dating techniques.

Answer is: The electrons moved from the second energy level to the fourth.

Atomic number (Z) of sodium is 11, it means that it has 11 protons and 11 electrons, so atom of sodium is neutral.

Electron configuration of sodium atom in a ground state:

₁₁Na 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹ or 2-8-1-0.

In a ground state of sodium atom, fourth energy level is empty.

In a excited state electron from second energy level (2s² 2p⁶) moves to fourth energy level.

Final answer:

A sodium atom has an excited electron configuration of 2-7-1-1 because electrons have been elevated to higher energy levels from the ground state configuration of 1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹.

Explanation:

The electron configuration of 2-7-1-1 represents a sodium atom in an excited state because electrons have been promoted to higher energy levels than found in the ground state. Normally, sodium has an electron configuration of 1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹.

When energy is absorbed, such as from heat in a flame, an electron may jump from a lower level to a higher one, changing the configuration to an excited state, such as 2-7-1-1, with the last two ones representing electrons in the 3s and 3p orbitals, respectively.

This excited sodium atom can then release energy in the form of light when the electrons 'fall' back to their original energy levels, resulting in the characteristic bright yellow color observed during a flame test.

the temperature, internal energy and kinetic energy