Final answer:
If helium had the same mass as four hydrogen atoms, there would be no mass loss to energy during fusion, leading to a significant decrease or absence of the Sun's luminosity from this process.
Explanation:
If helium had exactly the same mass as four hydrogen atoms, the luminosity of the sun would be different because the mass-energy conversion in the nuclear fusion process would be altered. Currently, during the conversion of hydrogen to helium, a small fraction of mass is converted into energy according to the mass-energy equivalence principle (E=mc²). This mass loss is what contributes to the Sun's luminosity. The mass loss per reaction is about 0.7 percent of the rest energy of the original hydrogen.
The Sun currently burns approximately 630 million metric tons of hydrogen into helium each second to produce its luminosity of 4 × 10²⁶ watts. If helium and four hydrogen atoms had the same mass, no mass would be converted to energy, implying there would be no luminosity deriving from this process. However, in reality, the presence of a mass defect allows for the release of energy during fusion. The complex relationship between mass and luminosity can be expressed by the approximation L ∼ M³°⁹, where 'L' represents luminosity and 'M' the mass.
In conclusion, if helium had exactly the same mass as four hydrogen atoms, there would be no mass converted to energy during the fusion process, leading to a significant decrease in the Sun's luminosity or possibly no luminosity at all from this source of energy. This would fundamentally change the energetic balance and life cycle of the Sun.
The concentration of calcium in a cell is 3%. the concentration of calcium in the surrounding fluid is 1%. how could the cell obtain more calcium?
If a sample of carbon monoxide is at 57 degreees celsius and under 67.88 kPa of pressure and takes up 85.3 L of space how many moles of carbon dioxide are present in the sample?
To determine the number of moles of carbon monoxide present in the sample, use the Ideal Gas Law equation.
Explanation:To determine the number of moles of carbon monoxide present in the sample, we can use the Ideal Gas Law equation, which is PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
First, convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin by adding 273.15. So, the temperature is 57°C + 273.15 = 330.15 K.
Now, rearrange the Ideal Gas Law equation to solve for n: n = PV / RT.
Substituting the given values into the equation, we have n = (67.88 kPa) * (85.3 L) / (0.0831 L·kPa/(mol·K)) * (330.15 K).
Simplifying the equation, we have n ≈ 231.36 moles of carbon monoxide in the sample.
Using the Law of Conservation of Matter, determine the number of grams of iron sulfide (FeS) that will be produced in this reaction.
112g Fe + 64g S → _____ g FeS
Answer:
112g + 64g = 176g
Explanation:
Just pretty much put the things together or add them
Use lewis theory to determine the formula for the compound that forms from ca and s.
An unknown substance is made only of identical atoms that cannot be broken down. this substance is a ________.mixtureelementcompound
Pure quartz and the gemstone amethyst are nearly alike chemically. what physical property would be used to tell them apart
How many atoms are in a single molecule of fe2o3?
If a potassium atom has an atomic number of 19 and a mass number of 39, how many protons, electrons, and neutrons are in the atom?
Answer: The Atom would have:
9 protons
19 electrons (since atoms are electrically neutral and have the same number of electrons as protons)
20 neutrons
Explanation: Hope this Helps.
A fruit drink concentrate is 15% water. how many liters of pure water should be added to 12l of concentrates to produce a mixture that is 50% water
What nuclear symbol and hyphen notation for the isotope which has 26 protons and 30 neutrons?
Final answer:
The nuclear symbol for the isotope with 26 protons and 30 neutrons is 56 Fe, and the hyphen notation is iron-56 or Fe-56. The element is iron (Fe).
Explanation:
The isotope in question has 26 protons and 30 neutrons. To find the nuclear symbol and the hyphen notation, we need to identify the element and calculate the mass number. This notation represents that the atom is an iron isotope with a mass number of 56 and an atomic number of 26 .
The element with 26 protons is iron (Fe).
The mass number (A) is the sum of the protons and neutrons, so A = 26 + 30 = 56.
Therefore, the nuclear symbol is 56 Fe, where 56 is the mass number and Fe is the symbol for iron.
The hyphen notation for this isotope is iron-56 or Fe-56.
Where do the protons and electrons come from that are used in the electron transport chain?
If an atom has 34 electrons, 46 neutrons, and 34 protons, what is its mass number? what is the name of the element?
What conditions increase the rate of weathering erosion and mass wasting?
Which microscopic field contains a hypertonic solution answers?
A hypertonic solution has a higher osmolarity than a cell's cytoplasm, leading to water exiting the cell, known as crenation in red blood cells and plasmolysis in plant cells.
Explanation:A hypertonic solution is one where the extracellular fluid has a higher osmolarity than the cytoplasm of a cell, causing water to move out of the cell. In such a solution, cells will lose water and shrink, which can be observed in red blood cells as crenation. Additionally, in plant cells, this phenomenon can result in the cell membrane detaching from the cell wall, known as plasmolysis.
The metabolism of glucose produces co2(g) and h2o(l). how does the human body expel these reaction products?
What is the value of the bond angles in sih4?
It is said that hclo4 is a strong acid, whereas hclo2 is a weak acid. what does this mean in terms of the extent to which the two substances are ionized in solution?
The distinction between a strong acid (HClO₄) and a weak acid (HClO₂) lies in the extent of ionization in the solution. Strong acids ionize fully, while weak acids only partially ionize.
A strong acid is one that completely ionizes in water, while a weak acid only partially ionizes. The extent to which a substance is ionized in solution is determined by its dissociation constant (Ka).
HClO₄ is considered a strong acid because it fully dissociates into its ions when dissolved in water.
HClO₂ (chlorous acid), is a weak acid. It only partially ionizes in water, meaning that only a fraction of the HClO₂ molecules dissociate into H+ and ClO⁻² ions. As a result, the concentration of H+ ions in the solution is lower compared to a strong acid like HClO₄, resulting in a weaker acidity.
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What are the periodic trends in atomic radius select all that are correct?
Actually we can see a lot of trends in the periodic table.
With regards to the atomic radius of the elements, going up to down there is an increasing pattern in the atomic radius.
While going left to right there is a decreasing pattern in the atomic radius.
Hence the smallest radius is on the upper right of the table.
Final answer:
Periodic trends in atomic radius indicate a decrease across a period due to increased nuclear charge pulling electrons closer, and an increase down a group due to the addition of electron shells. These trends result in the largest atoms being located in the lower left corner of the periodic table and the smallest in the upper right corner.
Explanation:
The question asks about the periodic trends in atomic radius. Atomic radius is a crucial concept in chemistry because it helps explain many properties of elements such as reactivity and bond length. Understanding these trends is fundamental for predicting and explaining chemical behavior.
Decrease Across a Period: Within a period, the atomic radius tends to decrease as the atomic number (Z) increases. This is because, across a period, electrons are added to the same energy level while the nucleus charges more positively, pulling electrons closer and resulting in a smaller atomic radius. For instance, going from potassium (K) to krypton (Kr), the radius decreases.
Increase Down a Group: Conversely, atomic radius increases as one moves down a group in the periodic table. This trend is due to the addition of electron shells as one moves to elements with higher atomic numbers, increasing the distance between the outer electrons and the nucleus. All alkali metals, for example, show an increase in atomic radius down the group.
In summary, atomic radii decrease from left to right across a row and increase from top to bottom down a column. Therefore, the largest atoms are found in the lower left corner of the periodic table, while the smallest are found in the upper right corner.
The following statement is a(n) _____.
There is a significant difference between how elderly people and young people feel about politics.
hypothesis
opinion
scientific law
problem
Answer:
Opinion
Explanation:
This is an opinion, actually. A Hypothesis has an "if/then" statement, for example, "IF I do not tie a knot at the end of a balloon THEN it will deflate". A scientific law states a fact that can be proven, such as Newtons Laws. A problem is the question you ask without making an educated guess.
Hope I helped! :)
While forming a hypothesis, a scientist has to look into a problem
creatively
partially
hypothetically
theoretically
Answer: Option (d) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
A hypothesis is referred to as an idea which might be a possible explanation for a particular experiment or situation but it is not necessarily correct.
So, in order to form a hypothesis, a scientist has to theoretically look into the problem so that he can provide or suggest a possible explanation for the same.
This is because when the scientist looks theoretically into a problem then he will check all the steps in detail and its possible outcomes or results. This will lead to a possibility that the suggested hypothesis will be correct.
Suppose you conduct an experiment to determine how temperature affects the amount of salt which can be dissolved in 100 ml of water. what is the independent variable?
A sample of aluminum metal absorbs 10.3 j of heat, upon which the temperature of the sample increases from 23.2 °c to 30.5 °c. since the specific heat capacity of aluminum is 0.90 j/g-k, the mass of the sample is ________ g.
calculate the empirical formula from the given percent compositions. 82% nitrogen (N), 18% hydrogen (H)
To calculate the empirical formula from percent compositions, convert the percent composition of each element to grams, then to moles, and finally, divide the moles by the smallest number of moles obtained. In this case, the empirical formula is C5H7N.
Explanation:The empirical formula can be calculated by finding the moles of each element in the compound using their percent compositions. In this case, we have 82% nitrogen, which corresponds to 82 grams, and 18% hydrogen, which corresponds to 18 grams. Next, we convert the grams to moles using the molar mass of each element. The molar mass of nitrogen (N) is 14 grams/mol, and the molar mass of hydrogen (H) is 1 gram/mol. Dividing the moles by the smallest number of moles obtained gives us the empirical formula. For this compound, the empirical formula is C5H7N.
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A cone with a mass of 6 g has a radius measuring 5 cm and a height of 2 cm. What is its density?
Answer: The density of cone is [tex]0.115g/cm^3[/tex]
Explanation:
The equation used to calculate the volume of cone is:
[tex]V=\frac{1}{3}\pi r^2h[/tex]
where,
V = volume of cone
r = radius of the cone = 5 cm
h = height of the cone = 2 cm
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]V=\frac{1}{3}\times (3.14)\times (5)^2\times 2\\\\V=52.33cm^3[/tex]
To calculate volume of a substance, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{Density of a substance}=\frac{\text{Mass of a substance}}{\text{Volume of a substance}}[/tex]
We are given:
Mass of cone = 6 g
Volume of cone = [tex]52.33cm^3[/tex]
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]\text{Density of cone}=\frac{6g}{52.33cm^3}\\\\\text{Density of cone}=0.115g/cm^3[/tex]
Hence, the density of cone is [tex]0.115g/cm^3[/tex]
Boron exists in two isotopes,boron-10 and boron-11. based on the atomic mass,which isotope should be more abundant
Answer:
The boron-11 should be more abundant
Explanation:
Atomic weight in the periodic table is an average value related to the percentaje of abundance of each isotope of the element.
Given that boron has only two isotopes (10 and 11), if their abundance would be 50%:
[tex]Ar=10*0.5+11*0.5=10.5[/tex]
If Ar<10.5, the boron 10 will be more abundantIf Ar>10.5 the boron 11 will be more abundantKnowing that the boron's Ar is 10.81, we can afirm that boron-11 is more abundant.
Theoretically, boron atomicities of 10 and 11 are 10.5 on average. However, realistically speaking, boron has an atomic mass of 10.81 amu. Thus, it demonstrates that the average atomic mass of boron contains a higher abundance of boron-11. Atomic mass per unit, or amu, is a unit used to measure atomic mass.
If the abundance of boron-10 and boron-11 were equal, boron's atomic mass would be 10.5 amu. Therefore, the atomic mass of boron would be less than 10.5 amu if the percentage abundance of boron-10 is greater than the percentage abundance of boron-11.
In actuality, the atomic mass of boron is 10.81 amu rather than 10.5 amu, indicating that boron-11 has a higher proportion abundance than boron-10.
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The molar mass of the compound was found to be 30.069 g/mol. what is the molecular formula? express your answer as a chemical formula.
For us to accurately determine what compound this is, additional info must be given. However I can suggest two compounds which have molecular mass of about 30.07 g/mol.
1. It could be NO or nitric oxide.
The molecular mass is 16 + 14= 30 g/mol
But if we search the exact weight, it is 30.01 g/mol
2. It could also be (CH3)2 or ethane.
The molecular mass is 2*12+ 6*1= 30 g/mol
But if we search the exact weight, it is 30.07 g/mol.
So we could say it more likely to to be (CH3)2
Answer:
C2H6
Explanation:
There is no central carbon atom therefore you can put subscripts on both atoms.
Why do solids maintain thier shape,whereas fluids do not?
When baking a cake and it appear to have ripples on its top what is the problem?
Determine whether the molecule ch3sh is polar.
To determine if a molecule is polar or nonpolar, follow these steps: draw the Lewis structure, figure out the molecular geometry, visualize or draw the geometry, and find the net dipole moment.
Explanation:To determine if a molecule is polar or nonpolar, you need to follow a few steps:
Draw the Lewis structure of the molecule.Figure out the molecular geometry using VSEPR theory.Visualize or draw the geometry.Find the net dipole moment. If the net dipole moment is zero, the molecule is non-polar. If it is not zero, the molecule is polar.In the case of CH3SH, the Lewis structure is H-C-H, with an S bonded to the central C atom. The geometry of the molecule is pyramidal, with the S atom at the top and the H atoms forming a triangular base. The S atom has higher electronegativity than the C and H atoms, so the S-H bond will be polar. Taking into account the molecular geometry, CH3SH is a polar molecule.
Cao(s) reacts with water to form ca(oh)2(aq). if 6.50 g cao is combined with 99.70 g h2o in a coffee cup calorimeter, the temperature of the resulting solution increases from 21.7 °c to 43.1 °c. calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction per mole of cao. assume that the specific heat capacity of the solution is 4.18 j/g×k.
The heat of reaction is -79.2 kJ/mol.
The equation of the reaction is;
CaO(s) + 2H2O(l) ------> Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g)
Number of moles of CaO = 6.50 g/56 g/mol = 0.12 moles
Number of moles of H2O = 99.70 g/18 g/mol = 5.53 moles
Temperature rise = 43.1 °C - 21.7 °C = 21.4 °C
Total mass of solution = 99.70 g + 6.50 g = 106.2 g
We must obtain the limiting reactant as follows;
1 mole of CaO reacts with 2 moles of H2O
0.12 mole of CaO reacts with 0.12 mole × 2 moles/1 mole = 0.24 moles
We can see that CaO is the limiting reactant.
Heat absorbed = 106.2 g × 4.18 J/g-1K-1 × 21.4 °C = 9.5 kJ
Heat of reaction = -(9.5 kJ/0.12 moles) = -79.2 kJ/mol
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