Answer:
c) Climate change, overuse of groundwater, and water pollution
Climate change: Increase in temperature leads to and increase in water evaporation and also affect the amosphere's ability to keep water in
Overuse of water: Many people living in more priviledged countries consume excess water than needed (eg: some people leave the tap running while brushing their teeth)
Water pollution: I don't think I need to explain this one
Answer:
C
Explanation:
True or False. Sulfur-reducing bacteria can cause corrosion in neutral anoxic enclosed waste water tanks. Bacteria used to help break down fiber and cellulose in anaerobic environments are found in anaerobic reactors of tertiary wastewater treatment. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria are found on the outside of granules used in AST. Phosphorus-accumulating organisms are used in mines in enhanced biological phosphorus removal. Chemolithotrophs are used in leaching through oxidation of materials in aquatic environments.
Answer:
1. FALSE
Sulfur-reducing bacteria can cause corrosion in neutral anoxic enclosed waste water tanks.
2. FALSE
Bacteria used to help break down fiber and cellulose in anaerobic environments are found in anaerobic reactors of tertiary wastewater treatment
3. TRUE
Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria are found on the outside of granules used in AST.
4 FALSE
Phosphorus-accumulating organisms are used in mines in enhanced biological phosphorus removal
5. FALSE
Chemolithotrophs are used in leaching through oxidation of materials in aquatic environments.
Explanation:
1. Sulfur-reducing bacteria can cause corrosion in neutral anoxic aquatic envrionements
2. Bacteria used to help break down fiber and cellulose in anaerobic environments are found in enclosed waste water tanks.
4. Phosphorus-accumulating organisms are used in anaerobic reactors of tertiary wastewater treatment in enhanced biological phosphorus removal.
5. Chemolithotrophs are used in leaching through oxidation of materials in mines.
Cellular respiration is the set of metabolic reactions that occur in cells to produce energy in the form of ATP. During cellular respiration, high energy intermediates are created that can then be oxidized to make ATP. During what stage are these intermediates produced?
The question is incomplete. The complete question is:
Question: Cellular respiration is the set of metabolic reactions that occur in cells to produce energy in the form of ATP. During cellular respiration, high energy intermediates are created that can then be oxidized to make ATP. During what stage are these intermediates produced?
a. Glycolysis
b. Oxidative phosphorylation
c. The citric acid cycle
d. Oxidative phosphorylation and citric acid cycle
e. Citric acid cycle and glycolysis
Answer:
e. Citric acid cycle and glycolysis
Explanation:
During the citric acid cycle and glycolysis, NAD+ and FAD+ serve as electron acceptors and are reduced into NADH and FADH2 respectively. The breakdown of one molecule of glucose into pyruvate by glycolysis forms a total of 2 NADH. Oxidation of pyruvate into acetyl CoA in the mitochondrial matrix is catalyzed by enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase and forms one NADH per pyruvate. Complete oxidation of acetyl CoA into CO2 and H2O by citric acid cycle forms a total of 6 NADH and 2 FADH2.
Therefore, the citric acid cycle and glycolysis stores the energy released by the breakdown of glucose into NADH and FADH2. Oxidation of these reducing powers by the electron transport chain generates the electrochemical gradient which in turn drives ATP synthesis.
When I look at things underwater they often seem ______________ than when I look at them on the surface.
Answer: nearer
Explanation:
Underwater, objects appear NEARER than they really are on the surface DUE to Total Internal Reflection.
This phenomenon is best explained by the bending of light wave as it travels from one medium to another, making the APPARENT depth differ from the REAL depth.
Objects underwater appear closer and larger due to refraction of light, and everything looks blue due to the absorption of other wavelengths of light. Goggles improve underwater vision by reducing the effects of refraction.
When looking at things underwater, objects often seem closer and larger than when observed on the surface because of the phenomenon of refraction of light. Light bends towards the normal when it moves from water (denser medium) to air (rarer medium), causing the apparent position of the object to shift, which leads to an object appearing closer than it really is. This is similar to how clear mountain streams appear a little bit deeper than they actually are and is explained by the same principles that describe why objects in some mirrors are closer than they appear. The colors perceived under water also depend on the wavelengths of light that are received by our eyes which explains why everything appears blue underwater. Wearing goggles improves vision underwater because the flat pieces of glass create an air interface, reducing refraction.
Red-cheeked salamanders are partially protected from predators because of cardiac glycosides they produce from glands on their back. When ingested, cardiac glycosides disrupt normal heart rhythms. A different salamander species, the imitator salamander, also has red cheek patches, but does not produce cardiac glycosides. It does gain protection from predators that have learned to avoid red-cheeked salamanders. How does this relationship affect the population dynamics of both species?
A) The red cheeked salamander is positively affected, the imitator is negatively affected.
B) The red cheeked salamander is negatively affected, the imitator is positively affected.
C) Both species are negatively affected.
D) Both species are positively affected.
Answer:
B) The red cheeked salamander is negatively affected, the imitator is positively affected.
What is the pattern of expression of β-galactosidase in laci— cells and why?
Answer:
I suggest the complete question is
What is the pattern of expression of β-galactosidase in lacI- cells and why?
A.constitutive expression, because there is norepressor
B. no expression, because the β-galactosidase gene is defective
C. constitutive expression, because the galactoside permease gene is defective
D. no expression, because lactose is absent
The CORRECT ANSWER for pattern of Expression is A
A.constitutive expression, because there is norepressor
Explanation:
LacI- cells have a defective repressor gene. This wil cause the lacZ gene to be expressed even in the absence of lactose.
(It's worthy to Note that when glucose is absent, lacZ is fully expressed)
A non-critical surface that does not penetrate tissue, but requires the use of barriers to prevent cross-contamination, includes the:
Answer:Film placement instruments.
Explanation:
Based on what we know about meadow voles (i.e., they do not form pair-bonds and have multiple mating partners), which peptide hormone receptor would you expect to show decreased levels in promiscuous human males in comparison to monogamous human males? (Assume here that voles and men have similar receptor distributions.)
Answer:
Vasopressin.
Explanation:
Vasopressin hormone also known as anti-diuretic (ADH) hormone that regulates the tonocity of the body and maintains the fluid composition. This hormone is released from the posterior pituitary.
The vasopressin is a peptide hormone that plays an important role in the human beings. The promiscous males have multiple sexual partner and this decrease the amount of vasopressin in these males as compared with the monogamous males as vasopressin also regulates the sexual function in humans.
Thus, the answer is vasopressin.
Which sequence correctly increases complexity in the level of biological organization?
a. atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs
b. molecules, atoms, cells, organs, tissues
c. atoms, molecules, cells, organs, tissues
d. atoms, molecules, organs, tissues, cells
e. atoms, molecules, tissues, organs, cells
The correct sequence of increasing order of complexity in the level of the biological organizations is option a. atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs.
At the biological organization, there are many different levels of organization within organisms, in this case, the level is based on smaller and basic building blocks and becomes more complex in increasing order.
Atoms are the smallest unit of the organization and least complex level of the biological organization;Molecules are more complex than atoms but least complex to cells as various types of molecules form cells.the cell is the basic building unit of every living organism.A group of the same type of cells performs the same function together to form tissuesWhen tissues aggregate or are organized to form a structure it is called organs which is the most complex among given options.Thus, the correct answer is option a. atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs.
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Final answer:
In biological organization, complexity increases from atoms to molecules, then to cells, tissues, and finally organs; hence, the correct sequence is 'a. atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs'.
Explanation:
The hierarchy of biological organization defines the ascending levels of complexity in living organisms, starting from the simplest building blocks and moving up to the entire biosphere. To correctly increase complexity in the level of biological organization, one would start with atoms, which combine to form molecules. These molecules are the building blocks for cells, which are the basic units of life. Cells organize into tissues, which then work together to form organs, each with its specialized function. Therefore, the correct sequence for increasing complexity in biological organization is 'a. atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs'.
You work hard to pedal your bicycle up a steep hill. You rest when you get to the top, then you let your bicycle roll quickly down the other side of the hill. You converted ________ energy into ________ energy, then you converted it back into ________ energy.
Answer:
Kinetic, potential and kinetic.
Explanation:
Energy helps to do any form of work. Energy can not be created and can not be destroyed. The energy are inter convertible with each other and no energy is lost during this process.
Two main types of energy are potential energy and kinetic energy. Potential energy is present in rest objects whereas kinetic energy is possessed in moving objects. On pedaling a bicycle kinetic energy is used. Dying rest this energy is converted into potential energy and further on rolling of the bicycle requires kinetic energy.
Thus, the answer is kinetic, potential and kinetic.
using mendel's flower color purpple is dominant, white is recessive, if two heterozygous plants are crossed, what is the probability that the first two offspring will have purple flowers____________.
The probability that the first two offspring will have purple flowers is 3/4 or 75%.
Explanation:The probability of the first two offspring having purple flowers can be determined using Punnett squares, which are a tool used in genetics to predict the outcome of a cross between two organisms. In this case, both parents are heterozygous, meaning they have one dominant allele for purple flowers (P) and one recessive allele for white flowers (p).
When we cross two heterozygous plants, there are four possible combinations of alleles in the offspring: PP, Pp, Pp, and pp. Since purple (P) is dominant over white (p), the only way for an offspring to have purple flowers is if it has at least one dominant allele (P).
Out of the four possible combinations, three have at least one dominant allele (PP, Pp, and Pp). Therefore, the probability that the first two offspring will have purple flowers is 3/4 or 75%.
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in flowering plants plasmodesmata are narrow channels through cell walls that connect the cytoplasm of adjacent
Answer:
In flowering plants plasmodesmata are narrow channels through cell walls that connect the cytoplasm of adjacent CELLS AND ALLOW SMALL MOLECULES TO MOVE FREELY BETWEEN THE TWO CELLS.
Explanation:
Plasmodesmata are tiny channels which functions as intercellular cytoplasmic links and pathways, to ease communication and transport of materials between the cytoplasm of adjacent cells.
It permits intercellular passage of water, certain nutrients, and other molecules to pass from one plant cell's cytoplasm to an adjacent plant cell's cytoplasm.
Increased vasoconstriction has an important role in which of the following situations?A. Causing the decrease in blood pressure associated with faintingB. Increasing blood flow to muscle during exerciseC. Increasing blood flow to skin during blushingD. Maintaining blood pressure during a hemorrhage
Answer:
D. Maintaining blood pressure during a hemorrhage
Explanation:
Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the blood vessels that results in the reduction of blood flow, the resistance of blood increases and the blood pressure goes up. This process is helpful to stabilize blood pressure and to prevent the loss of blood (hemorrhage).
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Why is it difficult for scientists to find fossils from the Precambrian period?
A)There are no rocks left on Earth that exist from this period.
B)Life did not exist during this period.
C)The life that existed had soft bodies, which rarely left behind fossils.
D)Scientists cannot date rocks before the Precambrian period.
Answer:
The life that existed had soft bodies, which rarely left behind fossils.
Explanation:
Fossils are formed when the organisms are pressed between layers of rocks. If the organisms are too soft, they will leave only a faint imprint in rocks. The organisms present in the Precambrian period were soft. So fossils of these organisms are difficult to find.
Answer: (C) The life that existed had soft bodies, which rarely left behind fossils.
Explanation: Fossils are formed when the organisms are pressed between layers of rocks. If the organisms are too soft, they will leave only a faint imprint on rocks. The organisms present in the Precambrian period were soft. So, fossils of these organisms are difficult to find.
During the germinal period, the first task of the zygote's outer cells is _____.a. germinationb. implantationc. differentiationd. duplication
Answer:
Implantation. (Ans. B)
Explanation:
Implantation is defined as the stage of pregnancy where the embryo stick to the wall of uterus. This parental development stage, the conceptus is known as the blastocyst. With the help of this adhesion embryo receives nutrients, and oxygen from the mother, and are able to grow.
In the case of humans, implantation of the fertilized ovum chances occurs around 9 days after the process of ovulation, and this can range between 6-12 days.
Trypsinogen is split by the enzyme enterokinase to form an activated molecule of the protease trypsin. Which of the following would confirm that the activation of trypsin is an example of how a positive feedback mechanism can amplify a biological process?
Trypsinogen is split by the enzyme enterokinase to form an activated molecule of the protease trypsin. Which of the following would confirm that the activation of trypsin is an example of how a positive feedback mechanism can amplify a biological process?
A. The activated trypsin enzyme can use enterokinase as a substrate
B. The trypsin produced by the reaction is capable of splitting and activating additional trypsinogen molecules
C. If levels of trypsin were to get too high, the trypsin molecules would inhibit the enzyme enterokinase
D. Each mRNA molecule that codes for trypsinogen can be translated repeatedly to form many peptide molecules
Answer:Trypsinogen molecules are first split into the active enzyme Trypsin by enterokinase. Then the Trypsin being a protease itself, works on Trypsinogens and converts them to Trypsin. Thus this is a positive feedback.
Option B
Explanation:Trypsinogen is a proenzyme which is secreted by pancreas into the duodenum. Enterokinase is a intestinal enzyme that is secreted from the small intestinal glands. Enterokinase works on the Trypsinogens to convert them into trypsin by splitting a peptide chain from the proenzyme. This trypsin then digests a variety of proteins and peptides from diet.
Trypsin is a protease and the proenzyme Trypsinogen is a protein. So trypsin works on the secreted trypsinogens too and amplify the production of trypsin from the trypsinogens to enhance the digestion process. Thus, a positive feedback chain is seen here.
Why don't cyanobacteria and bacteria reproduce by mitosis? Because:
a. they are not organisms
b. they are not cells
c. they do not contain chromosomes
d. all of the above
Answer:
They do not contain chromosomes. (Ans.C).
Explanation:
Cyanobacteria also known as blue-green algae, they are heterogeneous group of photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms. Like prokaryotes such as bacteria, cyanobacteria lack endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, membrane bound nucleus, and Golgi apparatus. Bacteria are simpler than other organisms, and single celled microbes.
Both bacteria and cyanobacteria reproduce through the asexual method either by binary fission in unicellular, multiple fission in colonial form or by spore formation, and fragmentation in filamentous species.
3. Primary immunodeficiencies affecting T cells tend to be more severe than those affecting B cells because: A. T cells control the innate immune response. B. T cells regulate antigen presentation. C. T cells regulate the adaptive immune response. D. T cells can trigger apoptosis. E. None of the above.
Answer:
The correct answer is option C.
Explanation:
The adaptive immune is characterized by immunological memory, specificity, and self nonself recognition. These cells are involved in lymphocytes that fight against the specific antigen.
T cells tend to be more severely affected than the B cells by the primary immunodeficiencies however both are the major components of the adaptive immune system.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Carlos avoids _____on the ingredient list of packaged foods because he has celiac disease.
Answer:
wheat, rye, and barley
Explanation:
Celiac disease is a type of an immune disorder in which a person is unable to eat food that contains gluten because it can lead to the destruction of their small intestine. Gluten is a type of protein that is found in several ingredients such as wheat, rye, and barley. Consumption of gluten can lead to the development of inflammation in the small intestine which after a certain time can lead to its destruction. The various symptoms associated with the disease include bloating, diarrhea, anemia, etc.Since Carlos has celiac disease he has to avoid wheat, rye, and barley.A group of students are reviewing the various drugs that affect inflammation. The students demonstrate understanding when they identify which agent as a mast cell stabilizer?
Answer:
The correct answer is Cromolyn sodium.
Explanation:
Allergy is the process which occurs when our immune cell misinterprets a harmless substance as a harmful agent. The symptoms occur when chemicals like histamine are released by mast cell in response to the allergen which causes inflammation, itchiness, redness, pain.
Cromolyn sodium is a drug which is also known as mast cell stabilizer which stops the allergic symptoms by inhibiting the mast cell to release histamine and other chemicals that cause information. Therefore the correct answer is cromolyn sodium.
The location of the Krebs cycle enzymes in eukaryotes is in the mitochondria, while in bacteria the enzymes are found in the ______
Answer:
cytoplasm
Explanation:
Bacteria as a prokaryotic cell and prokaryotic cells do not have true nucleus or membrane bounded organelles. Therefore all biological activities takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell as well as the enzymes needed for the synthesis of fatty acid are found in the cytoplasm.
Hello !
The location of the Krebs cycle enzymes in eukaryotes is in the mitochondria, while in bacteria the enzymes are found in Cytoplasme
Gametes from two plant species combine and produce a haploid zygote. True or False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
gametes from two plant species can combine and produce a haploid zygote
What is a group of people with inherited physical characteristics that distinguish it from another group?
Answer:
Race
Explanation:
There are 35 chipping sparrows and 40 cowbirds in a forest. Female cowbirds are parasites to other bird species like the chipping sparrows. If the chipping sparrow population size suddenly decreased to 15, how would it affect the size of the cowbird population? A. The cowbird population would increase. B. The cowbird population would decrease. C. The cowbird population would go extinct. D. The cowbird population would stay the same.
Answer:
The correct option is B) The cowbird population would decrease.
Explanation:
A decrease in the population of chipping sparrows will lead to limited food resources for female cowbirds as they feed on the chipping sparrows. Due to this, the cowbirds will compete with each other for food as food resource will become limited. The competition might be intraspecific or interspecific if other species also fed on the chipping sparrows. As a result, the population of the chipping cowbirds will also decrease.
Describe three ways that preserving biodiversity can come into conflict with human interests.
Answer:
1. Most of the endangered organisms may represent a source of income.
2. The conservation or preservation may conflict with morals.
3. The role of the species or organisms might not be understood.
Explanation:
Biodiversity simply means the amount or number of living organisms that exist in the world.
The practice of protecting these existing living organisms for specific known purposes is regarded as the preservation or conservation of biodiversity.
This process or practice of preserving biodiversity is important to meet most of the human needs, such as generating income, source of food and fuel among others.
Human interests have always come into conflict with preservation of biodiversity.
Biodiversity refers to the different species of plants and animals on earth. Human interests have always come into conflict with preservation of biodiversity in many ways such as;
Use of land for agriculture:The quest for more food production due to population explosion has warranted the conversion of many natural habitats into agricultural land thereby displacing the plants and animals that originally occupied the habitat ultimately leading to loss of biodiversity.
Use of land for infrastructural development:The need for building infrastructure such as schools, hospitals, housing units and road construction often involves the destruction of habitats of plants and animals and a consequent loss of biodiversity.
Continuous exploitation of resources:The continuous quest for more timber has led to the disappearance of many species owing to deforestation. Also, many rare species of animals are becoming extinct because they are required in large numbers for different purposes.
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For every kilogram of their body weight, babies need about three times as much proteins as adults. What could be the reason for this? a) Their body must get used to eating proteins. b) Their bodies are growing rapidly and building new protein tissues. c) Proteins help their bodies to get adjusted to food other than mother's milk. d) Their bodies waste more proteins because they cannot digest protein properly.
Answer:
B) Their bodies are growing rapidly and building new protein tissues.
They are essential for the formation of all organ systems, including bones and muscles, as well as the maintenance and repair of important tissues. Thus, option B is correct.
What is role of protein in the body?You need protein in your diet so that your body can repair damaged cells and generate new ones. Children, teenagers, and expectant women all require protein for healthy growth and development.
The body's proteins also serve as hormones, immunological components, enzymes, and cellular messengers.
The form and internal organization of cells, the production of products and the removal of waste, as well as normal maintenance, are all carried out by proteins.
Additionally, proteins take in external signals and activate cellular responses.
Therefore, Their bodies are growing rapidly and building new protein tissues.
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TRUE/FALSE
The antiparallel arrangement of double-stranded DNA is due to the phosphate group being bonded to the 3' carbon on one strand and the 5' carbon on the complementary strand.
Answer:
False
Explanation:
A double-helical DNA molecule consists of two DNA strands. A DNA strand has free 5' phosphate at one end and a free hydroxyl group (OH) at its 3' end. A DNA double helix is said to be antiparallel since each end of the double helix has an exposed 5' phosphate on one strand and a free 3' hydroxyl group (OH) on the other. This means that the two DNA strands run in opposite directions. A phosphate group is always esterified to the 5' carbon of the pentose sugar; never at its 3' end.
Which species of crocodile is the most aggressive and largest living reptile?
Answer:
Crocodylus porosus
Explanation:
Crocodylus porosus, colloquially known in Australia as the saltie, was much more aggressive than six other species of crocodiles selected from around the world.
Answer:
Crocodylus porosus
Explanation:
A study conducted by Charles Darwin University in the Northern Territory found that the Crocodylus porosus, colloquially known in Australia as the saltie, was much more aggressive than six other species of crocodiles selected from around the world.
What are the three sections of the large intestine and what roles does each play in digestion or absorption?
The colon, rectum, and last part of canal are all parts of the large intestine. As food approaches the end of its journey through your digestive system, it continues in one continuous, lengthy tube from the small intestine.
What is alimentary canal?The digestive system's path from the mouth to the rectum is known as the gastrointestinal tract. Food digestion takes place in the alimentary canal.
The muscular tube known as the intestine (bowel) runs from the stomach to the anus. Food digestion is its primary function.
The colon is divided into three sections: the transverse colon, which absorbs fluids and salts, the ascending colon, which retains waste, and the descending colon, where bacteria aid in the digestion of any leftover food. The rectum, which houses the faces, is the last segment of the large intestine.
Thus, the three sections of large intestine are colon, rectum, and opening of rectum.
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During the year, Cheng Company paid salaries of $23,500. In addition, $9,500 in salaries has accrued by the end of the year but has not been paid. The year-end adjusting entry would include which one of the following?
Answer:
salary accrued and not paid for $9,500.
Explanation:
Accrued salaries usually implies to the amount of liability left over at the end of the year or usually a reporting period for salaries that have been earned by employees but have not been paid. This data information can be used to forecast the residual compensation liability of a business at a particular period.
Year end adjusting entry for Cheng Company will include salary accrued and not paid for$9,500.
Adjusting Journal entry will be ;
Salaries expense $9,500.
Salaries expense payable $9,500.
Flower color in snapdragons is an example of incompletedominance. When a red-flowered plant is crossed with a white-flowered plant, the F1 generation has pink flowers. If a pink-flowered plant is crossed with another pink-flowered plant, theprogeny plants will be _____.
A. 100% pink
B. 100% red
C. 25% red, 50% pink, and 25% white
D. 50% pink and 50% red
E. 25% white and 75% red